|
Yavlinsky
Grigory Alekseyevich Yavlinsky (Russian: Григо́рий Алексе́евич Явли́нский; born 10 April 1952) is a Russian economist and politician. He authored the 500 Days Program, a plan for the transition of the Soviet regime to a free-market economy, and is the former leader of the social-liberal Yabloko party. He has run three times for Russia's presidency. In 1996 he ran against Boris Yeltsin, finishing fourth with 7.3% of the vote. In 2000 Yavlinsky ran against Vladimir Putin, finishing third with 5.8%. In the 2012 presidential election he was prevented from running for president by Russian authorities, despite collecting the necessary 2 million signatures of Russian citizens for his candidacy. Yavlinsky was Yabloko's candidate for Russian President in the 2018 presidential election, when he ran against Putin and got 1.05% of the vote, according to official results. Yavlinsky holds a PhD in economics from the Central Economic Mathematical Institute of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yabloko
The Russian United Democratic Party Yabloko (RUDP Yabloko) (russian: Росси́йская объединённая демократи́ческая па́ртия «Я́блоко», Rossíyskaya obyedinyónnaya demokratícheskaya pártiya "Yábloko", apple, ru-яблоко.ogg, links=yes) is a social-liberal political party in Russia. The party consequently participated in the elections of deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of all eight convocations. Until 2003, Yabloko was represented by a faction in the State Duma and later until 2007 by individual deputies. In March 2002, the party became a full member of the Liberal International, and since November 1998, it had been in observer status. The founder of the party Grigory Yavlinsky is an honorary vice-president of the Liberal International and winner of its Prize for Freedom. Since 2006, Yabloko has been a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE). As of 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natan Yavlinsky
Natan Aronovich Yavlinsky (russian: Натан Аронович Явлинский; 13 February 191228 July 1962) was a Russian physicist in the former Soviet Union who invented and developed the first working tokamak. Early life and career Yavlinsky was born to a family of doctors on 13 February 1912 at Kharkiv, Russian Empire. Grigory Yavlinsky, an economist and politician, is related to him. He underwent professional technical school (PTU) in 1931 and finished an engineering degree in 1936 at Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute (then Kharkiv V.I. Lenin Polytechnic Institute). As a student, he worked in the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant. He became a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (then All-Union Communist Party) in 1932, but was removed from the party in 1937. His exclusion from the party also cost him his work at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (founded as Correspondence Power Engineering Institute). While little is known about his removal from the party, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
500 Days
The 500 Days Program (russian: программа "500 дней") was an ambitious program to overcome the economic crisis in the Soviet Union by means of a transition to a market economy. History The program was proposed by Grigory Yavlinsky and further developed by a work group under the direction of Stanislav Shatalin (an economic advisor to Mikhail Gorbachev). Before beginning work on the project, Shatalin had been assured by Gorbachev that he was serious about radically reforming the Soviet economy. Therefore, in August 1990, the group issued a 400-page report titled "Transition to the Market". It was based on the earlier "400 Days Project" prepared by Yavlinsky and became known colloquially as the "500 Days Program" as it intended to create the groundwork for a modern market economy in 500 days. The report called for creation of a competitive market economy, mass privatization, prices determined by the market, integration with the world economic system, a large transf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Silayev
Ivan Stepanovich Silayev (russian: Ива́н Степа́нович Сила́ев; born 21 October 1930) is a former Soviet and Russian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the Soviet Union through the offices of chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet economy (28 August – 25 December 1991) and chairman of the Inter-republican Economic Committee (20 September – 14 November 1991). Responsible for overseeing the economy of the Soviet Union during the late Gorbachev Era, he was the last head of government of the Soviet Union, succeeding Valentin Pavlov. After graduating in the 1950s, Silayev began his political career in the Ministry of Aviation Industry in the 1970s. During the Brezhnev Era he became Minister of Aviation Industry, Minister of Machine-Tool and Tool Building Industry, and a Central Committee member. When Nikolai Tikhonov's Second Government was dissolved, Mikhail Gorbachev appointed him in 1985 deputy chairman of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokamak
A tokamak (; russian: токамáк; otk, 𐱃𐰸𐰢𐰴, Toḳamaḳ) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field to confine plasma in the shape of a torus. The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power. , it was the leading candidate for a practical fusion reactor. Tokamaks were initially conceptualized in the 1950s by Soviet physicists Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov, inspired by a letter by Oleg Lavrentiev. The first working tokamak was attributed to the work of Natan Yavlinsky on the T-1 in 1958. It had been demonstrated that a stable plasma equilibrium requires magnetic field lines that wind around the torus in a helix. Devices like the z-pinch and stellarator had attempted this, but demonstrated serious instabilities. It was the development of the concept now known as the safety factor (labelled ''q'' in mathematical notation) that guided tokamak development; by arranging the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plekhanov Institute Of The National Economy
The Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (russian: Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. Плеханова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia. It was founded in 1907 by entrepreneur Alexei Vishnyakov as the first finance-specialized college in the Russian Empire. During the Soviet rule it became a large university. In addition to accreditation by the Ministry of Education, the university has accreditations of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, European Council for Business Education and the Association of MBAs. PRUE is also a member of the European University Association (suspended in 2022 due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine), Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, and the European Foundation for Management Development. PRUE changed its name more than once: Moscow Commercial Institute (1907–1919); Karl Marx Moscow Institute of the National Economy (1919–1924); P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deputy Premier Of The Soviet Union
This is a list of all deputy premiers of the Soviet Union. List Deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars * Lev Kamenev (July 6, 1923 - January 16, 1926) * Alexei Rykov (July 6, 1923 - February 2, 1924) * Alexander Tsiurupa (July 6, 1923 - May 8, 1928) * Vlas Chubar (July 6, 1923 - May 21, 1925, April 24, 1934 - July 4, 1938) * Mamia Orakhelashvili (July 6, 1923 - May 21, 1925) * Valerian Kuybyshev (January 16, 1926 - November 5, 1926, 10 November 1930 - May 14, 1934) * Jānis Rudzutaks (January 16, 1926 - May 25, 1937) * Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze (November 5, 1926 - November 10, 1930) * Vasily Schmidt (August 11, 1928 - December 1, 1930) * Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev (December 22, 1930 - October 9, 1931) * Valery Ivanovich Mezhlauk (April 25, 1934 - February 25, 1937, October 17, 1937 - December 1, 1937) * Nikolay Antipov (April 27, 1935 - June 21, 1937) * Anastas Mikoyan (July 22, 1937 - March 15, 1946) * Stanislav Kosior (January 19, 1938 - May 3, 1938) * Lazar Kagano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Liberalism
Social liberalism (german: Sozialliberalismus, es, socioliberalismo, nl, Sociaalliberalisme), also known as new liberalism in the United Kingdom, modern liberalism, or simply liberalism in the contemporary United States, left-liberalism (german: Linksliberalismus) in Germany, and progressive liberalism ( es, Liberalismo progresista) in Spanish-speaking countries, is a political philosophy and variety of liberalism that endorses a social market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights. Social liberalism views the common good as harmonious with the individual's freedom. Social liberals overlap with social democrats in accepting economic intervention more than other liberals, although its importance is considered auxiliary compared to social democrats. Ideologies that emphasize only the economic policy of social liberalism include welfare liberalism, New Deal liberalism in the United States, and Keynesian liberalism. Cultural liberalism is an ideology that hig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee On The Operational Management Of The Soviet Economy
Committee for operative management of national economy of the Soviet Union (russian: Комитет по оперативному управлению народным хозяйством, Komitet po operativnomu upravleniyu narodnym khozyaistvom) was the official name for the provisional office of state administration of the Soviet Union with government functions following dismissal of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Soviet Union on 28 August 1991. The former government of Valentin Pavlov was dissolved following the failed August Coup against Mikhail Gorbachev and his supporters. Ivan Silayev, who had been appointed chairman of the newly formed committee on 24 August with the task of finding a new government, was instead granted on 28 August the authority of the dissolved cabinet of ministers and de facto the office of the Premier. The dissolution of the committee had been declared by Russian President Boris Yeltsin through presidential decree on 19 December (without confirmatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Mitrokhin
Sergey Sergeyevich Mitrokhin (Russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Митро́хин; born 20 May 1963 in Moscow) is a Russian politician. He is a former leader of the Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko". He was a member of the State Duma (1994–2003) and Moscow City Duma (2005–2009, 2019–). Mitrokhin studied at the Moscow State Pedagogical University and got his PhD in political science. Electoral history , - ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" , Candidate ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" , Party ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , % , - , style="background-color: " , , align=left, Oleg Leonov , align=left, Independent , 57,505 , 26.28% , - , style="background-color: " , , align=left, Sergey Mitrokhin , align=left, Yabloko , 47,815 , 21.85% , - , style="background-color: " , , align=left, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev; uk, links= no, Леонід Ілліч Брежнєв, . (19 December 1906– 10 November 1982) was a Soviet Union, Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union between 1964 and 1982 and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet between 1960 and 1964 and again between 1977 and 1982. His 18-year term as General Secretary was second only to Joseph Stalin's in duration. Brezhnev's tenure as General Secretary remains debated by historians; while his rule was characterised by political stability and significant foreign policy successes, it was also marked by corruption, inefficiency, Era of Stagnation, economic stagnation, and rapidly growing technological gaps with the West. Brezhnev was born to a working-class family in Kamianske, Kamenskoye (now Kamianske, Ukraine) within the Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire. After the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
