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Translations Of The Lord Of The Rings Into Russian
__NOTOC__ Russian interest in J. R. R. Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings'' awoke soon after its publication in 1955, long before the first Russian translation. The first effort at publication was made in the 1960s, but in order to comply with literary censorship in Soviet Russia, the work was considerably abridged and transformed. The ideological danger of the book was seen in the "hidden allegory 'of the conflict between the individualist West and the totalitarian, Communist East, while Marxist readings in the west conversely identified Tolkien's anti-industrial ideas as presented in the Shire with primitive communism, in a struggle with the evil forces of technocratic capitalism. Russian translations of ''The Lord of the Rings'' circulated as samizdat and were published only after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but then in great numbers; no less than ten official Russian translations appeared between 1990 and 2005. Tolkien fandom in Russia grew especially rapidly during th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Lord Of The Rings
''The Lord of the Rings'' is an epic high-fantasy novel by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. Set in Middle-earth, intended to be Earth at some time in the distant past, the story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 children's book ''The Hobbit'', but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, ''The Lord of the Rings'' is one of the best-selling books ever written, with over 150 million copies sold. The title refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who, in an earlier age, created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power given to Men, Dwarves, and Elves, in his campaign to conquer all of Middle-earth. From homely beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land reminiscent of the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the quest to destroy the One Ring mainly through the eyes of the hobbits Frodo, Sam, Merry and Pippin. Although often called a trilogy, the work was intende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Kistyakovsky
Andrey Andreyevich Kistyakovsky (russian: Андрей Андреевич Кистяковский, 11 October 1936, Moscow–30 June 1987) was a Russian translator and political activist. He translated belles-lettres and poetry from English to Russian and began publishing in 1967. Kistyakovsky's 1982 partial translation of ''The Lord of the Rings'' (together with Vladimir Muravyov) became the first official Russian translation and remains one of the most acclaimed Russian translations of the novel. Life Kistyakovsky hailed from an old dvoryan family. He left the school in the eighth grade and worked as a gasman and metalworker before entering Moscow State University. In 1960s he chummed up with non-conformist artists. In 1971 he completed his graduation, majoring in the English language and literature. From that time Kistyakovsky also engaged in politics, entering the Political Prisoners Relief Fund. He experienced searches, threats and even beating. In June 1983 he was diagn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Fantasy
Science fiction and fantasy have been part of mainstream Russian literature since the 18th century. Russian fantasy developed from the centuries-old traditions of Slavic mythology and folklore. Russian science fiction emerged in the mid-19th century and rose to its golden age during the Soviet era, both in cinema and literature, with writers like the Strugatsky brothers, Kir Bulychov, and Mikhail Bulgakov, among others. Soviet filmmakers, such as Andrei Tarkovsky, also produced many science fiction and fantasy films. With the fall of the Iron Curtain, modern Russia experienced a renaissance of fantasy. Outside modern Russian borders, there are a significant number of Russophone writers and filmmakers from Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, who have made a notable contribution to the genres. Terminology In the Russian language, fantasy, science fiction, horror and all other related genres are considered a part of a larger umbrella term, фантастика (''fantastika''), roug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walking Tree Publishers
Walking Tree Publishers was founded in 1996 by members of the (now defunct) Swiss Tolkien Society with the aim of publishing the proceedings of the Cormarë conference held that year to mark the 10th anniversary of the Swiss Tolkien Society. The company is run by volunteers and on a no-profit basis, with surplus money being reinvested into new products. It is dedicated exclusively to the publication of English-language works concerned with J. R. R. Tolkien and Tolkien studies. Publications Monographs *Richard Sturch, ''Four Christian Fantasists: A Study of the Fantastic Writings of George MacDonald, Charles Williams, C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien'' (2001), . *Mark T. Hooker, ''Tolkien Through Russian Eyes'' (2003), . *Christopher Garbowski, ''Recovery and Transcendence for the Contemporary Mythmaker: The Spiritual Dimension in the Works of J.R.R. Tolkien'' (2004), . *Ross Smith, ''Inside Language'' (2007), . * Martin Simonson, ''The Lord of the Rings and the Western Narrativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Last Ringbearer
''The Last Ringbearer'' (russian: Последний кольценосец, italic=yes, ''Posledniy kol'tsenosets'') is a 1999 fantasy fan-fiction book by Russian author Kirill Eskov. It is an alternative account of, and an informal sequel to, the events of J. R. R. Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings''.Yisroel Markov, The Last Ring-bearer'. Retrieved on 20 June 2011. It has been translated into English by Yisroel Markov, but has not been printed for fear of copyright action by the Tolkien Estate. Critics have stated that the book is well-known to Tolkien fans in Russia, and that it certainly provides an alternate take on the story. Scholars have variously called it a parody and a paraquel. They have interpreted it as a critique of totalitarianism, or of Tolkien's anti-modern racial and environmental vision coupled with the destruction of technology, which itself could be called totalitarian. Plot Eskov bases his novel on the premise that the Tolkien account is a "history ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Translations Of The Lord Of The Rings
Translations of J. R. R. Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings'' have been made, with varying degrees of success, into dozens of languages from the original English. Tolkien, an expert in Germanic philology, scrutinized those that were under preparation during his lifetime, and made comments on early translations that reflect both the translation process and his work. To aid translators, and because he was unhappy with some choices made by early translators such as Åke Ohlmarks with his Swedish version, Tolkien wrote his ''Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings'' in 1967 (released publicly in 1975 in ''A Tolkien Compass'', and in full in 2005, in '' The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion''). Challenges to translation Because ''The Lord of the Rings'' purports to be a translation of the ''Red Book of Westmarch'', with the English language in the translation purporting to represent the Westron of the original, translators need to imitate the complex interplay between Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kharkov
Kharkiv ( uk, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest city and municipality in Ukraine.Kharkiv "never had eastern-western conflicts" '''' (23 October 2014) Located in the northeast of the country, it is the largest city of the historic region. Kharkiv is the of |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk ( rus, Хабaровск, a=Хабаровск.ogg, r=Habárovsk, p=xɐˈbarəfsk) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative centre of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia,Law #109 located from the China–Russia border, at the confluence of the Amur River, Amur and Ussuri Rivers, about north of Vladivostok. With a Russian Census (2010), 2010 population of 577,441 it is Russia's easternmost city with more than half a million inhabitants. The city was the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia from 2002 until December 2018, when Vladivostok took over that role. It is the largest city in the Russian Far East, having overtaken Vladivostok in 2015. It was known as ''Khabarovka'' until 1893. As is typical of the interior of the Russian Far East, Khabarovsk has an #Climate, extreme climate with very strong seasonal swings resulting in strong cold winters and relatively hot and humid summers. History Earliest record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newsweek
''Newsweek'' is an American weekly online news magazine co-owned 50 percent each by Dev Pragad, its president and CEO, and Johnathan Davis (businessman), Johnathan Davis, who has no operational role at ''Newsweek''. Founded as a weekly print magazine in 1933, it was widely distributed during the 20th century, and had many notable editors-in-chief. The magazine was acquired by The Washington Post Company in 1961, and remained under its ownership until 2010. Revenue declines prompted The Washington Post Company to sell it, in August 2010, to the audio pioneer Sidney Harman for a purchase price of one dollar and an assumption of the magazine's liabilities. Later that year, ''Newsweek'' merged with the news and opinion website ''The Daily Beast'', forming The Newsweek Daily Beast Company. ''Newsweek'' was jointly owned by the estate of Harman and the diversified American media and Internet company IAC (company), IAC. ''Newsweek'' continued to experience financial difficulties, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khraniteli
''Khraniteli'' (russian: Хранители, lit=Guardians f the Ring}) is a Soviet television play miniseries based on Tolkien's ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. It was broadcast once in 1991 by Leningrad Television and then thought lost. It was rediscovered in 2021. It includes scenes of Tom Bombadil and Goldberry that were omitted from Peter Jackson's ''Lord of the Rings'' film trilogy. Context J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel ''The Lord of the Rings'' was published in three volumes in 1954 and 1955. He was doubtful whether the work could be dramatized or filmed, but he and his publishers, Allen and Unwin, were happy to discuss film proposals, on condition of having a veto on creative decisions or of relinquishing those for a suitably large sum of money. Early attempts were mainly animations; the first was Ralph Bakshi's 1978 version of ''The Fellowship of the Ring'' with parts of ''The Two Towers''. The film rights then went through various hands, and filming, wheth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Muravyov (translator)
Vladimir Sergeyevich Muravyov (russian: Влади́мир Серге́евич Муравьёв; February 12, 1939 in Vitebsk – June 10, 2001 in Moscow) was a Russian translator and literary critic. He was awarded the Inolit Prize for Best Translation in 1987 (''The Great Pursuit'' by Tom Sharpe). In 1976 Muravyov published a pioneering Russian article in the Soviet Union titled "Tolkien and Critics". Together with Andrey Kistyakovsky, he made the first official, though partial, Russian translation of ''The Lord of the Rings'', published in 1982 with an introductory foreword. Muravyov continued the work after Kistyakovsky's death. Life Muravyov graduated from the philological faculty of the Moscow State University. He wrote two monographs on Jonathan Swift (1968, 1972) and several articles on modern English-American science fiction. He was working in the Soviet Library of Foreign Literature when he started the search for Western reviews of ''The Lord of the Rings''. Muravy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
