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Szabolcs (county)
Szabolcs was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except for three villages which are in the Zakarpattia Oblast of Ukraine. The capital of the county was Nyíregyháza. Geography Szabolcs county shared borders with the counties of Borsod, Zemplén, Ung, Bereg, Szatmár, Bihar and Hajdú. It was situated mostly south of the river Tisza. Its area was 4,637 km² around 1910. History Szabolcs is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. In the 17th century, the towns of Hajdú separated from the county, creating the Hajdú district. The capital of Szabolcs County was initially Szabolcs (now a village), later Nagykálló took over this role (1747-1867), and since 1867 the capital was moved to Nyíregyháza. After World War I, it was merged with a very small part of the former Ung County to form Szabolcs-Ung county, with Nyíregyháza as the capital. However, the villages of Eszeny (present-day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comitatus (Kingdom Of Hungary)
''Comitatus'' was in ancient times the Latin term for an armed escort or retinue. The term is used especially in the context of Germanic warrior culture for a warband tied to a leader by an oath of fealty and describes the relations between a lord and his retainers, or thanes (OE þegn). The concept is generally considered by scholars to be more of a literary trope rather than one of historical accuracy. Scholars Bruce Mitchell and Fred C. Robinson describe the ''comitatus'' more fully:An heroic warrior brought up in this 'comitatus''tradition would show a reckless disregard for his life. Whether he was doomed or not, courage was best, for the brave man could win ''lof'' lory among menwhile the coward might die before his time. This is the spirit which inspired the code of the ''comitatus''. While his lord lived, the warrior owed him loyalty unto death. If his lord were killed, the warrior had to avenge him or die in the attempt. The lord in his turn had the duty of being gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bereg County
Bereg ( rue, Береґ; ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now mostly in western Ukraine and a smaller part in northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Beregszász ("Berehove" in Ukrainian, ''Berehovo'' in Rusyn, ''Bergsaß'' in German, ''Beregovo'' in Russian, ''Bereg'' in Romanian). Geography Bereg county shared borders with the Austrian crownland Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Máramaros, Ugocsa, Szatmár, Szabolcs and Ung. It was situated between the Carpathian Mountains in the north and the river Tisza in the south. Its area was 3788 km² around 1910. History Bereg is one of the oldest counties in Hungary. In 1920 the Treaty of Trianon assigned most of the territory to Czechoslovakia. The southwestern part remained in Hungary and the county of Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg was created in 1923. Following the First Vienna Award Szatmár County was recreated, thus Bereg-Ugocsa c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polgár, Hungary
Polgár is a city in the administrative county of Hajdú-Bihar in eastern Hungary. This is a town with 8,598 inhabitants at the tri–point of 3 counties at the temporary end of the No. 3 motorway. Its natural vegetation is part of the Tiszántúl district, and the birds are the most valuable of its fauna. It is rich in fish and game (pheasant, wild duck, partridge, boar, hare, deer). In the vicinity of Polgár, various Bronze Age items were excavated. The Blessed Virgin church was built from 1852 to 1856 in a neo-Classical style according to plans by József Hild. In 1944, it was blown up, then it was re–constructed from 1948 to 1958. The Kálvária group of buildings from 1769 is a listed monument including the Polonkai House. The town is picturesque as the streets of this market town preserve the characteristics of the folk architecture of Matyóland. Health and spa facilities include a medicinal and open-air bath and water sport facilities. A boating lake and a 20 hectare par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 = , s1 = Czech Republic , flag_s1 = Flag of the Czech Republic.svg , s2 = Slovakia , flag_s2 = Flag of Slovakia.svg , image_flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg , flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia , flag_type = Flag(1920–1992) , flag_border = Flag of Czechoslovakia , image_coat = Middle coat of arms of Czechoslovakia.svg , symbol_type = Middle coat of arms(1918–1938 and 1945–1961) , image_map = Czechoslovakia location map.svg , image_map_caption = Czechoslovakia during the interwar period and the Cold War , national_motto = , anthems = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagykálló
Nagykálló ( yi, קאלעוו, Kaliv) is a small town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Before World War II it belonged to Szabolcs county. Location from county seat Nyíregyháza. History Nagykálló was already an oppidum (market town) in the 14th century. Its name probably comes from the old word ''kálló'' meaning "gathering place". ''Nagy'' means "large"; this prefix was used to differentiate between Nagykálló and the nearby Kiskálló ("small Kálló"), which later became a part of Nagykálló. In 1315 King Charles Robert granted the town rights to hold a market, later the county councils were held here, thus the town became the centre of the region. After the Ottomans burnt the town in 1556, the citizens built a stone castle for defence. In 1603 István Bocskai settled Hajdúk in the town. After his death they moved to Hajdúböszörmény, but Nagykálló remained an important industrial centre. It was the prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szabolcs (village)
The village Szabolcs lies in the county Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg in the north-east of Hungary. It got its name from the Hungarian leader Szabolcs who founded it and settled there in the 9th/10th century. According to Anonymus in the Gesta Hungarorum: :"he saw a place on the shore of the Tisza, and as he saw how ood/strongit was, ohe came to the conclusion, that by its strength, it must have been created for building a castle there. Rallying there common folk, he ordered to dig a big moat and ordered to build a quite strong castle of earth. This is now called Castle of Szabolcs". Either the leader, or the place, which once being the residence of the leader was the center of the region, gave the name to the historical county Szabolcs (which was united later with parts of other counties to Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg. Notes translation to English by Wikipedia user "Szabi" from Hungarian ''"megtekintett egy helyet a Tisza mellett, s midőn látta, milyen is az, kiokoskodta, hogy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hajduk (Kingdom Of Hungary)
The ''hajdúk'' (singular ''hajdú'') were irregular or mercenary soldiers of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 16th and 17th centuries. Etymology The Hungarian term ''hajdú'' (''hajdúk'' is the plural) may derive from ''hajtó'' which meant (cattle) drover. In 16th century Hungary, cattle driving was an important and dangerous occupation and drovers traveled armed. Some of them ended up as bandits or retainers in the service of local landowners and many may have become soldiers. In any case, the term hajduk came to be used in the 16th century to describe irregular soldiers. There is probably an etymological link between ''hajdú'' and the Turkish word ''hajdud'' which was used by the Ottomans to describe Hungarian infantry soldiers, though it is not clear whether the word traveled from Hungarian to Turkish or vice versa. History In 1604-1606, István Bocskay, Lord of Bihar, led an insurrection against the Habsburg Emperor, whose army had recently occupied Transylvania and beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tisza
The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa, is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. Once, it was called "the most Hungarian river" because it flowed entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national borders. The Tisza begins near Rakhiv in Ukraine, at the confluence of the White Tisa and Black Tisa, which is at coordinates 48.07465560782065, 24.24443465360461 (the former springs in the Chornohora mountains; the latter in the Gorgany range). From there, the Tisza flows west, roughly following Ukraine's borders with Romania and Hungary, then shortly as border between Slovakia and Hungary, later into Hungary, and finally into Serbia. It enters Hungary at Tiszabecs. It traverses Hungary from north to south. A few kilometers south of the Hungarian city of Szeged, it enters Serbia. Finally, it joins the Danube near the village of Stari Slankamen in Vojvodina, Serbia. The Tisza drains an area of about and has a length of Its mean annual discharge is seas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
