Synurus
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Synurus
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Synurus Pungens
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Synurus Deltoides
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Synurus Excelsus
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Synurus Atriplicifolius
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Synurus Palmatopinnatifidus
''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant as an herbal remedy have been well studied.Park, J. H., et al. (2004)Antiinflammatory activity of ''Synurus deltoides''.''Phytotherapy Research'' 18(11) 930-33.Choi, Y. H., et al. (2005)New anti-inflammatory formulation containing ''Synurus deltoides'' extract.''Archives of Pharmacal Research'' 28(7) 848-53.Jiang, Y., et al. (2013)Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of ''Synurus deltoides'' (Aiton) Nakai leaves.''Food Science and Biotechnology'' 22(1) 215-23. It is eaten as a wild vegetable in Korea.Lim, H. T. (1997)Evaluation of popular mountain vegetables in Korea using molecular markers.''HortScience'' 32(3) 454. ; Species * ''Synurus ...
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Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae. Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are '' Carduus'', '' Cynara'' (containing the widely eaten artichoke), ''Cirsium'', and ''Onopordum''. They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs. Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.Bremer 1994 ''Asteraceae'': Cladistic and Classification ribe ''Carduae'': 112-156/ref> Taxonomy Cardueae is a synonym for Cynareae, but the name Cynareae was published almost a decade earlier, so has precedence. Some authors have divided the plants traditionally held to be in this tribe into th ...
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Pseudanthium
A pseudanthium (Greek for "false flower"; ) is an inflorescence that resembles a flower. The word is sometimes used for other structures that are neither a true flower nor a true inflorescence. Examples of pseudanthia include flower heads, composite flowers, or capitula, which are special types of inflorescences in which anything from a small cluster to hundreds or sometimes thousands of flowers are grouped together to form a single flower-like structure. Pseudanthia take various forms. The real flowers (the florets) are generally small and often greatly reduced, but the pseudanthium itself can sometimes be quite large (as in the heads of some varieties of sunflower). Pseudanthia are characteristic of the daisy and sunflower family (Asteraceae), whose flowers are differentiated into ray flowers and disk flowers, unique to this family. The disk flowers in the center of the pseudanthium are actinomorphic and the corolla is fused into a tube. Flowers on the periphery are zygomorp ...
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Sichuan
Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south. Sichuan's capital city is Chengdu. The population of Sichuan stands at 83 million. Sichuan neighbors Qinghai to the northwest, Gansu to the north, Shaanxi to the northeast, Chongqing to the east, Guizhou to the southeast, Yunnan to the south, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west. In antiquity, Sichuan was the home of the ancient states of Ba and Shu. Their conquest by Qin strengthened it and paved the way for Qin Shi Huang's unification of China under the Qin dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms era, Liu Bei's state of Shu was based in Sichuan. The ...
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Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ...
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Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ...
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Mongolia
Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign nation. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population. The territory of modern-day Mongolia has been ruled by various nomadic empires, including the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, the Rouran, the First Turkic Khaganate, and others. In 1206, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous land empire in history. His grandson Kublai Khan conquered China proper and established the Yuan dynasty. After the co ...
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Liaoning
Liaoning () is a coastal province in Northeast China that is the smallest, southernmost, and most populous province in the region. With its capital at Shenyang, it is located on the northern shore of the Yellow Sea, and is the northernmost coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Historically a gateway between China proper and Manchuria, the modern Liaoning province was established in 1907 as Fengtian or Fengtien province and was renamed Liaoning in 1929. It was also known at that time as Mukden Province for the Manchu name of ''Shengjing'', the former name of Shenyang. Under the Japanese-puppet Manchukuo regime, the province reverted to its 1907 name, but the name Liaoning was restored for a brief time in 1945 and then again in 1954. Liaoning borders the Yellow Sea ( Korea Bay) and Bohai Sea in the south, North Korea's North Pyongan and Chagang provinces in the southeast, Jilin to the northeast, Hebei to the southwest, and Inner Mongolia to the northwest. The ...
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