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Papilio Echerioides
''Papilio echerioides'', the white-banded swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Sub-Saharan Africa. The wingspan is 65–75 mm. It has two flight periods, first from January to March and second from September to November. The larvae feed on '' Clausena inaequalis'', '' Toddalia lanceolata'', ''Toddalia asiatica'', ''Zanthoxylum capense'', ''Zanthoxylum delagoense'', '' Vepris lanceolata'' and Citrus species. Description The male is very similar to ''Papilio cynorta'', but the median band, which is very pale yellow, tapers more strongly towards the apex. The pale spot in area (cell) 6 of the forewing is always present (usually absent in ''P. cynorta''). The female is a mimic of the butterflies ''Amauris echeria'' and '' Amauris albimaculata''. The forewing is black with white spots, the hindwing black with a large pale ochreous discal area and white submarginal spots. Taxonomy ''Papilio echerioides'' is a member of the ''echerioides'' spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roland Trimen
Roland Trimen Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (29 October 1840 in London – 25 July 1916 in London) was a British-South African Natural history, naturalist, best known for ''South African Butterflies'' (1887–89), a collaborative work with Colonel James Henry Bowker. He was among the first entomologists to investigate mimicry and Polymorphism (biology), polymorphism in butterflies and their restriction to females. He also collaborated with Charles Darwin to study the pollination of ''Disa (plant), Disa'' orchids. Life and career Trimen was born in London in 1840, the son of Richard and Mary Ann Esther Trimen and the older brother of the botanist Henry Trimen (1843-1896) who went to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). He went to study at Rottingdean and then at King's College School in Wimbledon. Trimen was interested in entomology but a chronic Larynx, laryngeal condition forced him to move to the Cape of Good Hope as a treatment. Reaching there he volunteered under Edgar Leopold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amauris Echeria
''Amauris echeria'', the chief, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Africa. The wingspan is 55–65 mm for males and 63–70 for females. Adults are on wing year round (with peaks in summer and autumn). The larvae feed on ''Tylophora anomala'', ''Tylophora stolzii'', ''Cynanchum chirindense'', ''Gymnema'' (including ''Gymnema sylvestre''), ''Marsdenia'' (including ''Marsdenia angolensis'' and ''Marsdenia racemosa'') and ''Secamone'' (including ''Secamone africana'' and ''Secamone parviflora ''Secamone'' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1810. It is widespread across much of Africa, northern Australia, southern Asia, with numerous species endemic to Madagascar.Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. M. Wel ...''). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio
''Papilio'' is a genus in the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini. The word ''papilio'' is Latin for butterfly. It includes the common yellow swallowtail (''Papilio machaon''), which is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and the type species of the genus, as well as a number of other well-known North American species such as the western tiger swallowtail ('' Papilio rutulus''). Familiar species elsewhere in the world include the Mormons ('' Papilio polytes'', '' Papilio polymnestor'', '' Papilio memnon'', and '' Papilio deiphobus'') in Asia, the orchard and Ulysses swallowtails in Australia (''Papilio aegeus'', '' Papilio ulysses'', respectively) and the citrus swallowtail of Africa (''Papilio demodocus''). Older classifications of the swallowtails tended to use many rather small genera. More recent classifications have been more conservative, and as a result a number of former genera are now absorbed within ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 1868
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Herbert Carcasson
Robert Herbert Carcasson (5 December 1918, in Cheltenham, UK – 23 September 1982, in Victoria, B.C., Canada) was an English entomologist who specialised in butterflies, but also authored two field guides to tropical fishes. He joined the Coryndon Museum, Nairobi, as senior entomologist in 1956. He then became its director, under the museum's new name of the Natural History Museum from 1961 to 1968. During this time he was awarded a PhD for his studies on African hawkmoths. From 1969 to 1971 he was Chief Curator of the Centennial Museum, Vancouver, Canada. In 1972 he travelled in Polynesia, Melanesia, Australia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Seychelles and East Africa for production of two field guides to coral reef fish of the Indo-Pacific region. From 1973 to 1979 he was Curator of Entomology at the Museum of British Columbia. He died of cancer. Somewhat a polymath, he was fluent in a number of languages, and produced the illustrations to a number of his works, culminating in hundreds o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novitates Zoologicae
''Novitates Zoologicae: A Journal of Zoology in Connection With the Tring Museum'' was a British scientific journal devoted to systematic zoology. It was edited by Lionel Walter Rothschild and published between 1894 and 1948 by the Tring Museum. Articles were mainly in English, but some were in German. It was succeeded by the ''Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series''. Further reading * External links Full text onlineat the Biodiversity Heritage Library The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is the world’s largest open access digital library for biodiversity literature and archives. BHL operates as worldwide consortiumof natural history, botanical, research, and national libraries working toge ... Zoology journals Publications established in 1898 Publications disestablished in 1948 Multilingual journals Defunct journals of the United Kingdom Academic journals published by museums {{zoo-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Gorongosa
Mount Gorongosa is an inselberg in Sofala Province of central Mozambique. Its highest peak, Gogogo, reaches an elevation of 1,863 meters (6,112 feet). It was created by Karoo Volcanism. The upper zone of the mountain (above 700 meters) was made part of Gorongosa National Park by the Mozambican government in 2010. The main part of the park lies at a lower elevation to the east of the mountain. Geography and geology Mount Gorongosa rises as an isolated massif from the surrounding lowlands. Mount Gorongosa is at the tip of a large, oval-shaped ring complex, some by . There are three main peaks, one in the north, one in the south, and Gogogo, the highest, in the southwest. Between them is a plateau that contains three valleys. The mountain is composed of granites of Late Jurassic age, ringed by gabbros on the western and southern slopes. Climate The mountain's climate is cooler and wetter than the surrounding lowlands. Moist oceanic air masses moving in from the southeast rise u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Sjoestedti
''Papilio sjoestedti'', the Kilimanjaro swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ... to Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania. Description In 1960, Robert Herbert Carcasson wrote: "Male very similar to above (''fulleborni''), but white band very narrow in both wings. Female similar to above (''fulleborni''), but ochreous discal area of hindwing much smaller. Both sexes may be distinguished from all other species of the group by the very much darker underside." Taxonomy ''Papilio sjoestedti'' is a member of the ''echerioides'' Species group, species-group. This clade includes: *''Papilio echerioides'' Trimen, 1868 *''Papilio fuelleborni'' Karsch, 1900 *''Papilio jacksoni'' Sharpe, 1891 *''Papilio sjoes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Jacksoni
''Papilio jacksoni'', the Jackson's swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Africa. The female adults mimic ''Amauris echeria'' and relatives. The larvae feed on ''Clausena'', ''Toddalia'' and ''Clausena anisata''. Description "Male as in ssp. '' echerioides'', but black more sooty, median band narrower, reduced to very well separated spots in forewing,white with faint ochreous tinge. Female as in echerioides, but white apical spot does not touch the margin; white spots in hindwing in both sexes well inside margin." (Robert Herbert Carcasson, 1960). Subspecies *''Papilio jacksoni jacksoni'' (Kenya (highlands), eastern Uganda) *''Papilio jacksoni ruandana'' Le Cerf, 1924 (Zaire, eastern Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi) *''Papilio jacksoni hecqui'' Berger, 1954 (north-eastern Zaire) *''Papilio jacksoni kungwe'' Cottrell, 1963 Cottrell, C.B. 1963. Two new subspecies of ''Papilio jacksoni'' E. Sharpe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) from Tanganyika and the nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Fuelleborni
''Papilio fuelleborni'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in Tanzania and Malawi. The larvae feed on ''Clausena'' species. Description The male is deep black, with a pure white median band, very narrow in forewing, very wide in hindwing. The female is similar to other species of the group but with large white spots on the hindwing, placed at the margin (Carcasson, 1960). Subspecies *''Papilio fuelleborni fuelleborni'' (eastern and southern Tanzania, northern Malawi) *'' Papilio fuelleborni sjoestedti'' Aurivillius, 1908 (northern Tanzania) *''Papilio fuelleborni atavus'' Le Cerf, 1912 (northern Tanzania) *''Papilio fuelleborni rydoni'' Kielland, 1987 Kielland, 1987, J. 1987 New taxa of Rhopalocera from Tanzania (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). ''Lambillionea'' 87 (9-10): 114-126 (north-eastern Tanzania) Taxonomy ''Papilio fuelleborni'' is a member of the ''echerioides'' species-group. This clade includes *'' Papilio echerioides'' T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Group
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each other, further blurring any distinctions. Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat. As informal taxonomic ranks, species group, species aggregate, macrospecies, and superspecies are also in use. Two or more taxa that were once considered conspecific (of the same species) may later be subdivided into infraspecific taxa (taxa within a species, such as bacterial strains or plant varieties), that is complex but it is not a species complex. A species complex is in most cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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