Peugeot 407
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Peugeot 407
The Peugeot 407 is a large family car (D-segment) produced by the French automaker Peugeot, from 2004 to 2011. It was available in sedan (car), saloon, coupé and station wagon, estate variants, with both Diesel engine, diesel and petrol engines. The petrol engines ranged from 1.8 to 3.0 litres engine displacement, displacement, whereas the diesels ranged from 1.6 to 3.0 litre engines. Sales commenced in April 2004, in France, with the rest of Europe commencing the following month. According to the website of the European Car of the Year, the 407 was one of the nominees for the award, in 2005. The 407 was introduced in June 2004 as a replacement to the Peugeot 406, and was replaced in April 2011 by the Peugeot 508. Overview The 407 was the successor to the hugely successful Peugeot 406, and was launched in ''The Sunday Times (UK), The Sunday Times Motorshow Live'', on May 27, 2004. The streamlined design of the car was seen as quite radical by magazines, such as ''Autocar (magaz ...
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Peugeot
Peugeot (, , ) is a French brand of automobiles owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was founded in 1810, with a steel foundry that soon started making hand tools and kitchen equipment, and then bicycles. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applied for the lion trademark. Armand Peugeot (1849–1915) built the company's first car steam tricycle, in collaboration with Léon Serpollet in 1889; this was followed in 1890 by an internal combustion car with a Panhard- Daimler engine. The Peugeot company and family are originally from Sochaux. Peugeot retains a large manufacturing plant and Peugeot museum there. In February 2014, the shareholders agreed to a recapitalisation plan for the PSA Group, in which Dongfeng Motors and the French government each bought a 14% stake in the company. Peugeot has received many international awards for its vehicles, including six European Car of the Year awards. Peugeot has been involved suc ...
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PSA EW/DW Engine
The PSA EW/DW engine is a family of straight-4 black-top automobile engines manufactured by the PSA Group for use in their Peugeot and Citroën automobiles. The EW/DW family was introduced in 1998 as a replacement for the XU engine. All DW engines are produced as part of a joint-venture with Ford Motor Company. The EW/DW uses many parts from the XU, most notably the crankshaft, but is built with lighter materials. The EW name is used for the petrol engines ("e" for ''essence'') and DW for Diesel engines. All EWs are DOHC multivalve with displacement from . They are mainly used for large family cars and executive cars, as well as large MPVs, although the 2.0 L is also used for some hot hatch models. The DW started with an SOHC 2-valve design between , later receiving DOHC and four valves per cylinder upon the introduction of the 2.2 L in 2000 with the Citroën C5 and Peugeot 607. Turbocharged versions started using common rail and received the commercial designation HDi. Th ...
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Automatic Transmission
An automatic transmission (sometimes abbreviated to auto or AT) is a multi-speed transmission used in internal combustion engine-based motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving conditions. It typically includes a transmission, axle, and differential in one integrated assembly, thus technically becoming a transaxle. The most common type of automatic transmission is the hydraulic automatic, which uses a planetary gearset, hydraulic controls, and a torque converter. Other types of automatic transmissions include continuously variable transmissions (CVT), automated manual transmissions (AMT), and dual-clutch transmissions (DCT). An electronic automatic transmission (EAT) may also be called an electronically controlled transmission (ECT), or electronic automatic transaxle (EATX). A hydraulic automatic transmission may also colloquially called a " slushbox" or simply a "torque converter", although the latter term c ...
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AWTF-80 SC
The Aisin AW TF-8# SC series is a 6-speed automatic transmission designed for use in transverse engine applications and produced by Aisin Seiki. It is designed to handle a maximum of of torque. It is built in Anjō, Japan. It is also called the TF-80SC (AWF21, AF40-6, AM6, AW6A-EL) and TF-81SC (AF21). The design team set out to create a 6-speed automatic transmission that fits in the same space as a manual gearbox. It measures in length and weighs . Its combined use of a conventional 5-pinion planetary gearset and a compound Ravigneaux gearset makes it incredibly light and compact. This combination is known as a Lepelletier arrangement. The shifting of gears is managed by a sophisticated computer program that oversees a clutch-to-clutch actuation. Gear changes are accomplished by one clutch engaging the instant the clutch from the previous gear disengages. The transmission control module (TCM) is located inside the transmission housing, instead of being located outside it. T ...
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ZF 4HP20 Transmission
The ZF 4HP20 is a four-speed automatic transmission for passenger cars from ZF Friedrichshafen AG. Introduced in 1995, it remains in production, and has been used in a variety of cars from Citroën, Lancia, Mercedes-Benz, Peugeot, and Renault. Applications *1996–2004 Peugeot 406 V6 3.0 *1996–2003 Mercedes-Benz Vito *1996–2003 Mercedes-Benz V-Class *1997–2001 Citroën Xantia V6 3.0 *1997–2001 Citroën XM V6 3.0 *1997–1999 Peugeot 605 V6 3.0 *1998–2002 Alfa Romeo 166 V6 2.5, V6 3.0 *1998–2005 Lancia Kappa, Phedra V6 3.0 *1998–2008 Renault Laguna 3.0 *1998–2002 Renault Espace V6 3.0 *1999–2000 Renault Safrane V6 3.0 24V *2001–2008 Citroën C5 and Citroën C8, Peugeot 807 and Peugeot 607 with DW12 2.2 HDi *2004–2010 Peugeot 407 with DW12 2.2 HDi *2003–2006 Fiat Ducato 2.8 JTD(244 Baumuster) See also *List of ZF transmissions This list of ZF transmissions details those automotive transmissions c ...
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Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission (mechanics), transmission system, where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission; common types of automatic transmissions are the Automatic transmission#Hydraulic automatic transmissions, hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), and the continuously variable transmissio ...
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Ford AJD-V6/PSA DT17
The Ford AJD engine was first developed as a V6 with a clean-sheet architecture and variable valve timing by Ford of Europe for its then subsidiaries Jaguar Cars and Land Rover, as well as for its partner PSA Peugeot Citroën working under the Gemini joint development and production agreement. It is called the AJD-V6 in the Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles and the DT17/DT20 by Citroën and Peugeot. The engines share the same bore/stroke ratio, with the V6 displacing and the V8 displacing . The V6 was launched in 2004 and the V8 in 2006. The V6 engine meets the Euro IV emissions standards. A DT20 was added in 2009 and is based on the DT17 . The V6 is used across many vehicles, from the Citroën C5 and C6, to the Land Rover Discovery, Range Rover, multiple cars in the Jaguar range, and also the Ford Territory. Common Construction The engine family utilises twin overhead camshafts and multi-valves, single or twin-turbochargers with an air-to-air intercooler, and innovative com ...
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Turbocharger
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.
The current categorisation is that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gasses, whereas a supercharger is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger.


History

Prior to the invention of the turbocharger,

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Straight-4
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ...
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Ford DLD Engine
The DLD is the name for an automobile engine family – a group of compact inline-four Diesel engines, involving development by Ford of Britain, Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance and/or PSA Group (Peugeot and Citroën), and also Mazda where it is called the MZ-CD or CiTD. The Ford of Britain/PSA and joint-venture for the production of the DLD/DV was announced in September 1998. Half of the total engine count are produced at Ford of Britain's main plant at Dagenham, England and at Ford's Chennai plant in India, the other half at PSA's Trémery plant in France. The inline-four engines are sold under the DuraTorq TDCi name by Ford, and as the HDi by Citroën and Peugeot. and dCi engine by Renault. and Mazda also uses the Ford-made DLD engine in the Mazda2 and the Mazda3. Officially, there are three families of engines in the range: * The 1.4 L DLD-414 is generally non-intercooled * The 1.5 L DLD-415 derived from the 1.6 L * The 1.6 L DLD-416 is alway ...
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Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-called compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air plus residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. With the fuel being injected into the air just before combustion, the dispersion of the fuel is une ...
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V6 Engine
A V6 engine is a six-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V6 engines were designed and produced independently by Marmon Motor Car Company, Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik and Delahaye. Engines built after World War II include the Lancia V6 engine in 1950 for the Lancia Aurelia, and the Buick V6 engine in 1962 for the Buick Special. The V6 layout has become the most common layout for six-cylinder automotive engines. Design Due to their short length, V6 engines are often used as the larger engine option for vehicles which are otherwise produced with inline-four engines, especially in transverse engine vehicles. A downside for luxury cars is that V6 engines produce more vibrations than straight-six engines. Some sports cars use flat-six engines instead of V6 engines, due to their lower centre of gravity (which improves the handling). The displacement of modern V6 engines is typically between , though ...
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