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Pararhabdodon Isonensis
''Pararhabdodon'' (meaning "near fluted tooth" in reference to ''Rhabdodon'') is a genus of tsintaosaurin hadrosaurid dinosaur, from the Maastrichtian-age Upper Cretaceous Tremp Group of Spain. The first remains were discovered from the Sant Romà d’Abella fossil locality and assigned to the genus ''Rhabdodon'', and later named as the distinct species ''Pararhabdodon isonensis'' in 1993. Known material includes assorted postcranial remains, mostly vertebrae, as well as from the skull. Specimens from other sites, including remains from France, a maxilla previously considered the distinct taxon ''Koutalisaurus kohlerorum'', an additional maxilla from another locality, the material assigned to the genera ''Blasisaurus'' and ''Arenysaurus'', and the extensive Basturs Poble bonebed have been considered at different times to belong to the species, but all of these assignments have more recently been questioned. It was one of the last non-avian dinosaurs known from the fossil record th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the Latin word for the white limestone known as chalk. The chalk of northern France and the white cliffs of south-eastern England date from the Cretaceous Period. Climate During the Late Cretaceous, the climate was warmer than present, although throughout the period a cooling trend is evident. The tropics became restricted to equatorial regions and northern latitudes experienced markedly more seasonal climatic conditions. Geography Due to plate tectonics, the Americas were gradually moving westward, causing the Atlantic Ocean to expand. The Western Interior Seaway divided North America into eastern and western halves; Appalachia and Laramidia. India maintained a northward course towards Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, Australia and Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basturs Poble Bonebed
The Basturs Poble bonebed is a mega-bonebed of hadrosaur dinosaur fossils, discovered in Catalonia, Spain. Hundreds of hadrosaur fossils have been found at the site, which would have been on a large island during the Late Cretaceous when the animals preserved were alive. Despite the enormous amount of specimens, taxonomically informative material has been scarce at the site, leading to extensive debate as to its nature. The number of species present, age of the individuals present in the sample, and taxonomic identity of the remains have been the primary matters of debate. Previous considered to represent '' Koutalisaurus'', ''Pararhabdodon'', or multiple, perhaps dwarf species, it is currently thought that a single, indeterminate species of lambeosaurine was present at the site, and that individuals of many different ages were present. Discovery and extent Marc Boada discovered, in the late 1990s, a new fossil-bearing locality from the village of Basturs, Catalonia. As the villag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lleida (province)
The Province of Lleida (; Aranese Occitan: Lhèida ; es, Lérida ) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia. It lies in north-eastern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, and is bordered by the Provinces of Girona, Barcelona, Tarragona, Zaragoza and Huesca and the countries of France and Andorra. It is often popularly referred to as Ponent (i.e. the West). Of the population of 414,015 (2007), about 30% live in the capital, Lleida. Some other towns in the Province of Lleida are La Seu d'Urgell (see the archbishop, who is also the co-prince to Andorra), Mollerussa, Cervera, Tàrrega, and Balaguer. There are 231 municipalities in Lleida. (See ''List of municipalities in Lleida.'') Located in the Pyrenees, the Aran Valley is a special comarca with greater autonomy and with Aranese, a variety of Occitan, as its official language. The Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park is located in this province. The province enjoys a thrivin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isona
Isona is a locality located in the municipality of Isona i Conca Dellà, in Province of Lleida province, Catalonia, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 570. Isona is the capital of the municipality of Isona i Conca Dellà. Geography Isona is located 95km northeast of Lleida Lleida (, ; Spanish: Lérida ) is a city in the west of Catalonia, Spain. It is the capital city of the province of Lleida. Geographically, it is located in the Catalan Central Depression. It is also the capital city of the Segrià comarca, as .... References Populated places in the Province of Lleida {{Lleida-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. It extends nearly from its union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast. It reaches a maximum altitude of at the peak of Aneto. For the most part, the main crest forms a divide between Spain and France, with the microstate of Andorra sandwiched in between. Historically, the Crown of Aragon and the Kingdom of Navarre extended on both sides of the mountain range. Etymology In Greek mythology, Pyrene (mythology), Pyrene is a princess who eponym, gave her name to the Pyrenees. The Greek historiography, Greek historian Herodotus says Pyrene is the name of a town in Celts, Celtic Europe. According to Silius Italicus, she was the virgin daughter of Bebryx, a king in Narbonensis, Mediterranean Gaul by whom the hero Hercules was given hospitality during his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arenysaurini
Arenysaurini is a proposed tribe of primitive lambeosaurine hadrosaurs. It is composed of genera found in Europe and North Africa during the end of the Cretaceous period, and has been suggested to unite all lambeosaurs from the former continent into a singular monophyletic group. Description Hadrosaurs were a group of herbivorous dinosaurs capable of walking on two or four legs, possessing beaks and complex batteries of teeth; members of Arenysaurini, being of the lambeosaurine lineage of Hadrosauridae, would have possessed large crests on their skulls made up of arrays of nasal passages. Multiple anatomical traits of the skull and teeth unite some or all potential members of Arenysaurini; a mixture of traits seen in primitive and derived lambeosaurs is observed. Examples of primitive traits include a short and a broad dorsal process (bony production) on the maxilla, reduced extensively in derived lambeosaurs. Additionally, several traits distinguish arenysaurs from other lambeos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsintaosaurini
Tsintaosaurini is a tribe of basal lambeosaurine hadrosaurs native to Eurasia. It is thought to contains the genera ''Tsintaosaurus'' (from China), ''Pararhabdodon'' (from Spain) and '' Koutalisaurus'' (also from Spain), though some studies have questioned its existence as a natural grouping. Classification Tsintaosaurini is part of the family Hadrosauridae, specifically the subfamily Lambeosaurinae. The existence of a tsintaosaur clade of lambeosaurines was first recognized by palaeontologists Albert Prieto-Márquez and Johnathan R. Wagner, who in 2009 published a paper recognizing a phylogenetic relationship between ''Tsintaosaurus'' and ''Pararhabdodon'' based both on shared anatomical traits and a phylogenetic analysis. A 2013 study by Prieto-Márquez corroborated the existence of this grouping, and coined the tribe Tsintaosaurini to refer to it. The type genus is ''Tsintaosaurus'', and it was defined as the smallest clade containing ''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus'' and ''Para ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsintaosaurus
''Tsintaosaurus'' (; meaning "Qingdao lizard", after the old transliteration "Tsingtao") is a genus of hadrosaurid dinosaur from China. It was about long and weighed . The type species is ''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus'', first described by Chinese paleontologist C. C. Young in 1958. A hadrosaur, ''Tsintaosaurus'' had a characteristic 'duck bill' snout and a battery of powerful teeth which it used to chew vegetation. It usually walked on all fours, but could rear up on its hind legs to scout for predators and flee when it spotted one. Like other hadrosaurs, ''Tsintaosaurus'' probably lived in herds. Discovery and naming In 1950, at Hsikou, near Chingkangkou, in Laiyang, Shandong, in the eastern part of China, various remains of large hadrosaurids were uncovered. In 1958 these were described by Chinese paleontologist Yang Zhongjian ("C.C. Young") as the type species ''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus''. The generic name is derived from the city of Qingdao, earlier often transliterat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadrosauroid
Hadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or hadrosaurids, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to ''Iguanodon''. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian '' Probactrosaurus'' and '' Altirhinus'', have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". With cladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes only ''Iguanodon'' and perhaps its closest relatives. Classification The cladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna. The cladogram below follows an analysis by Wu Wenhao and Pascal Godefroit (2012). Cladogram after Prieto-Marquez and Norell (2010). A phylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velasco ''et al.'' (2012) found a large polytom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambeosaurinae
Lambeosaurinae is a group of crested hadrosaurid dinosaurs. Classification Lambeosaurines have been traditionally split into the tribes or clades Parasaurolophini (''Parasaurolophus'', ''Charonosaurus'', others (?).) and Lambeosaurini (''Corythosaurus'', ''Hypacrosaurus'', ''Lambeosaurus'', others.). Corythosaurini (synonym of Lambeosaurini, see below) and Parasaurolophini as terms entered the formal literature in Evans and Reisz's 2007 redescription of ''Lambeosaurus magnicristatus''. Corythosaurini was defined as all taxa more closely related to ''Corythosaurus casuarius'' than to ''Parasaurolophus walkeri'', and Parasaurolophini as all those taxa closer to ''P. walkeri'' than to ''C. casuarius''. In this study, ''Charonosaurus'' and ''Parasaurolophus'' are parasaurolophins, and ''Corythosaurus'', ''Hypacrosaurus'', ''Lambeosaurus'', ''Nipponosaurus'', and ''Olorotitan'' are corythosaurins. However, later researchers pointed out that due to the rules of priority set forth b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
