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Paralepistopsis
''Paralepistopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae. Taxonomy The ''Paralepistopsis'' genus was created in 2012 by the Italian mycologist Alfredo Vizzini to better classify two rare toxic species formerly located in the '' Clitocybe'' genus. ''Clitocybe amoenolens'' found in Morocco and parts of South Europe and C. acromelalga from Asia were noted to have habits more similar to ''Paralepista flaccida'' (formerly ''Lepista flaccida'') than to other ''Clitocybe'' species. Additionally the pileipellis and microscopic details of these species were distinct from others in the ''Clitocybe'' genus and related genera. Genetic sequencing placed these species close to ''Cleistocybe'' and '' Catathelasma'' genera. The most important distinction for mushroom hunters however is the presence of toxic acromelic acids in these species which can present dangers when foraging for similar looking edible species in these locations. Acromelic acid A is a potent neurotoxin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralepistopsis
''Paralepistopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae. Taxonomy The ''Paralepistopsis'' genus was created in 2012 by the Italian mycologist Alfredo Vizzini to better classify two rare toxic species formerly located in the '' Clitocybe'' genus. ''Clitocybe amoenolens'' found in Morocco and parts of South Europe and C. acromelalga from Asia were noted to have habits more similar to ''Paralepista flaccida'' (formerly ''Lepista flaccida'') than to other ''Clitocybe'' species. Additionally the pileipellis and microscopic details of these species were distinct from others in the ''Clitocybe'' genus and related genera. Genetic sequencing placed these species close to ''Cleistocybe'' and '' Catathelasma'' genera. The most important distinction for mushroom hunters however is the presence of toxic acromelic acids in these species which can present dangers when foraging for similar looking edible species in these locations. Acromelic acid A is a potent neurotoxin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralepistopsis Amoenolens
''Paralepistopsis amoenolens'' is an agaric fungus in the Tricholomataceae family. It is commonly known as the paralysis funnel. Taxonomy It was first described in 1975 by the French mycologist Georges Jean Louis Malençon from a specimen found in Morocco and classified as ''Clitocybe amoenolens.'' In 2012, following DNA analysis, Vizzini and Ercole assigned this species to the new genus ''Paralepistopsis'', which forms a separate clade from other ''Clitocybe''s.See . The authors provide a phylogram which indicates the evidence that ''Paralepistopsis'' forms a separate clade. This change has been accepted by Index Fungorum and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and so the correct name is currently ''Paralepistopsis amoenolens''. Toxicity It was discovered to be poisonous after several people had consumed specimens all found in the alpine Maurienne valley in the Savoie department over three years. They had mistaken it for the edible common funnel cap (''Infundibu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralepistopsis Acromelalga
''Paralepistopsis acromelalga'' is a basidiomycete fungus in the Tricholomataceae family. It was formerly classified as ''Clitocybe'' ''acromelalga''. Taxonomy It was first described in 1918 by the mycologist T. Ichimura and classified as ''Clitocybe'' ''acromelalga''. The ''Paralepistopsis'' genus was created in 2012 by the Italian mycologist Alfredo Vizzini to better classify two rare toxic species formerly located in the '' Clitocybe'' genus and this species was subsequently reclassified. Habitat and distribution It has been found in Japan and South Korea. Toxicity It was discovered to be poisonous in 1918, when symptoms of mushroom poisoning occurred within three days of consumption. It had been mistaken for the edible tawny funnel cap (''Paralepista flaccida'' formerly ''Lepista flaccida''). Consumption of a related species, ''Paralepistopsis amoenolens ''Paralepistopsis amoenolens'' is an agaric fungus in the Tricholomataceae family. It is commonly known as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralepista Flaccida
''Paralepista flaccida'' (also called ''Clitocybe flaccida'', ''Clitocybe inversa'', ''Lepista flaccida'' and ''Lepista inversa'', or in English tawny funnel cap) is a species of mushroom found across the Northern Hemisphere. It is known to form fairy rings. Naming The naming history of this mushroom is complicated by the fact that for a long time it was regarded as two different species, "''flaccida''" (associated with broad-leaved trees) and "''inversa''" (associated with conifers and with a smoother shinier cap). These forms can still be differentiated as varieties within ''P. flaccida'' if desired. The earliest description was by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1772 as ''Agaricus inversus'' in his booFlora Carniolica then in 1799 James Sowerby created a description under the name ''Agaricus flaccidus'' in his major work " Coloured Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms". In later years there were defined the combinations ''Clitocybe flaccida'' (by Paul Kummer, 1871), ''Clitocybe in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralepista
''Paralepista'' is a genus of mushrooms in family Tricholomataceae. Until 2012, its member species were generally assigned either to '' Lepista'' or to '' Clitocybe''. Naming history There have long been differing opinions as to how mushrooms which were assigned to genus '' Lepista'' (sometimes also placed in genus '' Clitocybe'') should be classified. The fungi in question all have a white or slightly pink/yellow spore print, finely warty spores, and easily separable gills. In 1981 Jörg H. Raithelhuber identified as separate a subgroup having very crowded strongly decurrent gills and spores which are oval in section to almost spherical, including '' Lepista flaccida'' and ''Lepista gilva''. He proposed this subgroup as a new genus ''Paralepista''. In the following years it was recognized at the level of a subgenus (also called "''Lepista'' section ''Inversae''" or "''Lepista'' sect. ''Gilva''), but not as a genus. Then in 2012 Alfredo Vizzini and Enrico Ercole published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocybe
''Clitocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus. ''Clitocybe'' means ''sloping head''. A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of ''Clitocybe'' is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis of microscopic characters. Therefore, with the exception of a few charismatic and readily identified members, ''Clitocybe'' mushrooms are rarely collected for consumption. Taxonomy ''Clitocybe'' was originally proposed by Elias Fries in 1821 as a tribe in the genus ''Agaricus''. Friedrich Staude elevated it to generic status in 1857. Recent molecular work has shown the genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae. The name derives from the Greek ''trichos'' (τριχος) meaning hair and ''loma'' (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature. The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing ''Tricholoma'' and its close relatives, and whatever other genera can at some future point be described as part of a monophyletic family including ''Tricholoma''. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catathelasma
''Catathelasma'' is a genus of fungi in the family (biology), family Biannulariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaric, agaricoid, with a conspicuous Universal veil, veil (leaving a double ring on the stem), Lamella (mycology), adnate to decurrent lamellae (mycology), lamellae, and amyloid (mycology), amyloid basidiospores. The genus is separated on DNA characteristics as well as morphology. Species are known from North America, Europe, and Asia and are ectomycorrhizal, forming an association with the living roots of trees. Taxonomy The genus ''Catathelasma'' was originally described in 1910 by American botanist and mycologist Ruth Ellen Harrison Lovejoy with ''Catathelasma evanescens, C. evanescens'' as the type species. in 1922 the Austrian botanist Günther Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau referred the European species ''Armillaria imperialis'' to his new genus ''Biannularia''. For a time ''Catathelasma'' and ''Biannularia'' were regarded as separate (though closely r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricales Genera
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom. History, classification and phylogeny In his three volumes of '' Systema Mycologicum'' published between 1821 and 1832, Elias Fries put almost all of the fleshy, gill-forming mushrooms in the genus ''Agaricus''. He organized the large genus into "tribes", the names of many of which still exist as common genera of today. Fries later elevated several of these tribes to generic level, but later authors—including Gillet, Karsten, Kummer, Quélet, and Staude—made most of the changes. Fries based his classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricomycetes
The Agaricomycetes are a class of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. The taxon is roughly identical to that defined for the Homobasidiomycetes (alternatively called holobasidiomycetes) by Hibbett & Thorn, with the inclusion of Auriculariales and Sebacinales. It includes not only mushroom-forming fungi, but also most species placed in the deprecated taxa Gasteromycetes and Homobasidiomycetes. Within the subdivision Agaricomycotina, which already excludes the smut and rust fungi, the Agaricomycetes can be further defined by the exclusion of the classes Tremellomycetes and Dacrymycetes, which are generally considered to be jelly fungi. However, a few former "jelly fungi", such as ''Auricularia'', are classified in the Agaricomycetes. According to a 2008 estimate, Agaricomycetes include 17 orders, 100 families, 1147 genera, and about 21000 species. Modern molecular phylogenetic analyses have been since used to help define several new orders in the Agaricomycetes: Amylocorticiales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is somewhat comparable to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), in which the Royal Botanic Gardens is also involved. A difference is that where IPNI does not indicate correct names, the ''Index Fungorum'' does indicate the status of a name. In the returns from the search page a currently correct name is indicated in green, while others are in blue (a few, aberrant usages of names are indicated in red). All names are linked to pages giving the correct name, with lists of synonyms. ''Index Fungorum'' is one of three nomenclatural repositories recognized by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi; the others are ''MycoBank'' and ''Fungal Names''. Current names in ''Index Fungorum'' (''Speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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