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Parahyparrhenia Annua
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Parahyparrhenia Jaegeriana
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Parahyparrhenia Laegaardii
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Panicoideae
Panicoideae is the second-largest subfamily of the grasses with over 3,500 species, mainly distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions. It comprises some important agricultural crops, including sugarcane, maize (or corn), sorghum, and switchgrass. C4 photosynthesis evolved independently a number of times in the subfamily, which presumably had a C3 ancestor. Description The ligule has a fringe of hairs. The inflorescence is branched around a common axis. The spikelets are all alike with two bisexual florets that are joined below the glumes (the outer floral envelopes). The lower glume is shorter than the spikelet. Systematics and taxonomy Within the PACMAD clade of grasses, the Panicoideae are sister to a clade made of the four subfamilies Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Danthonioideae, and Micrairoideae. A modern phylogenetic classification divides the Panicoideae in twelve tribes corresponding to monophyletic clades; two genera, '' Chandrasekharania'' and ''Jansenella ...
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Parahyparrhenia Tridentata
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. Present-day Laos traces its historic and cultural identity to Lan Xang, which existed from the 14th century to the 18th century as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. In ...
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Parahyparrhenia Siamensis
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Senegal
Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Renndaandi Senegaali); Arabic: جمهورية السنغال ''Jumhuriat As-Sinighal'') is a country in West Africa, on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. Senegal is bordered by Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea to the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to the southwest. Senegal nearly surrounds the Gambia, a country occupying a narrow sliver of land along the banks of the Gambia River, which separates Senegal's southern region of Casamance from the rest of the country. Senegal also shares a maritime border with Cape Verde. Senegal's economic and political capital is Dakar. Senegal is notably the westernmost country in the mainland of the Old World, or Afro-Eurasia. It owes its name to the ...
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Liberia
Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean to its south and southwest. It has a population of around 5 million and covers an area of . English is the official language, but over 20 indigenous languages are spoken, reflecting the country's ethnic and cultural diversity. The country's capital and largest city is Monrovia. Liberia began in the early 19th century as a project of the American Colonization Society (ACS), which believed black people would face better chances for freedom and prosperity in Africa than in the United States. Between 1822 and the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, more than 15,000 freed and free-born black people who faced social and legal oppression in the U.S., along with 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans, relocated to Liberia. Gradually developing an Americo- ...
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Guinea
Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Cote d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sierra Leone and Liberia to the south. It is sometimes referred to as Guinea-Conakry after its capital Conakry, to distinguish it from other territories in the eponymous region such as Guinea-Bissau and Equatorial Guinea. It has a population of million and an area of . Formerly French Guinea, it achieved independence in 1958. It has a history of military coups d'état.Nicholas Bariyo & Benoit FauconMilitary Faction Stages Coup in Mineral-Rich Guinea ''Wall Street Journal'' (September 5, 2021).Krista LarsonEXPLAINER: Why is history repeating itself in Guinea's coup? Associated Press (September 7, 2021).Danielle PaquettH ...
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Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and the Ivory Coast to the southwest. It has a population of 20,321,378. Previously called Republic of Upper Volta (1958–1984), it was renamed Burkina Faso by President Thomas Sankara. Its citizens are known as ''Burkinabè'' ( ), and its capital and largest city is Ouagadougou. The largest ethnic group in Burkina Faso is the Mossi people, who settled the area in the 11th and 13th centuries. They established powerful kingdoms such as the Ouagadougou, Tenkodogo, and Yatenga. In 1896, it was colonized by the French as part of French West Africa; in 1958, Upper Volta became a self-governing colony within the French Community. In 1960, it gained full independence with Maurice Yaméogo as president. Throughout the decades post in ...
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Parahyparrhenia Perennis
''Parahyparrhenia'' is a genus of Afro-Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Parahyparrhenia annua'' (Hack.) Clayton - Sahara + Sahel regions of Africa * ''Parahyparrhenia bellariensis'' (Hack.) Clayton - Andhra PradeshLandge, Shahid Nawaz (29 March 2022). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species". ''Phytotaxa''. 541 (3): 247–260 – via Magnolia Preshttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.541.3.4] * ''Parahyparrhenia khannae'' A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe - Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India * ''Parahyparrhenia laegaardii'' Veldkamp - Thailand * ''Parahyparrhenia perennis'' Clayton - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal * ''Parahyparrhenia siamensis'' Clayton - Thailand, Laos * ''Parahyparrhenia tridentata'' Clayton - Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre ...
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Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the extremity of Myanmar. Thailand also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast, and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the nation's capital and largest city. Tai peoples migrated from southwestern China to mainland Southeast Asia from the 11th century. Indianised kingdoms such as the Mon, Khmer Empire and Malay states ruled the region, competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, Lan Na and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European contact began in 1511 with a Portuguese diplomatic mission to Ayutthaya, w ...
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