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Papyrus 114
Papyrus 114, designated by (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Letter to the Hebrews, containing verses 1:7-12 in a fragmentary condition. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), the manuscript has been dated by the INTF to the 3rd century CE. Papyrologist Philip Comfort dates the manuscript to Middle-Late 3rd century CE. The manuscript is currently housed in the Papyrology Rooms (P. Oxy. 4498) of the Sackler Library at Oxford, United Kingdom. Description The original manuscript would've been around 15cm x 25cm, with 27 lines per page. There is no extant writing on the opposite side, and so was either blank or contained the Title. The Greek text of this codex is too small to determine its textual character. The handwriting script is representative of the Reformed Documentary style.P. Comfort and D. Barrett, ''The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts'', pp 662 Textual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxyrhynchus Papyri
The Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a group of manuscripts discovered during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by papyrologists Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt (, modern ''el-Bahnasa''). The manuscripts date from the time of the Ptolemaic (3rd century BC) and Roman periods of Egyptian history (from 32 BC to the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 640 AD). Only an estimated 10% are literary in nature. Most of the papyri found seem to consist mainly of public and private documents: codes, edicts, registers, official correspondence, census-returns, tax-assessments, petitions, court-records, sales, leases, wills, bills, accounts, inventories, horoscopes, and private letters. Although most of the papyri were written in Greek, some texts written in Egyptian ( Egyptian hieroglyphics, Hieratic, Demotic, mostly Coptic), Latin and Arabic were also found. Texts in Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac and Pahlavi have so far ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Sinaiticus
The Codex Sinaiticus (Shelfmark: London, British Library, Add MS 43725), designated by siglum [Aleph] or 01 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 2 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), or Sinai Bible is a 4th-century Christian manuscript of a Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Greek Old Testament, including the Apocrypha, and the Greek New Testament, with both the Epistle of Barnabas and the Shepherd of Hermas included. It is written in uncial letters on parchment. It is one of the four great uncial codices (these being manuscripts which originally contained the whole of both the Old and New Testaments). Along with Codex Alexandrinus and Codex Vaticanus, it is one of the earliest and most complete manuscripts of the Bible, and contains the oldest complete copy of the New Testament. It is a historical treasure, and using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the mid-4th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of New Testament Papyri
A New Testament papyrus is a copy of a portion of the New Testament made on papyrus. To date, over 140 such papyri are known. In general, they are considered the earliest witnesses to the original text of the New Testament. This elite status among New Testament manuscripts only began in the 20th century. The grouping was first introduced by Caspar René Gregory, who assigned papyri texts the Blackletter character 𝔓 followed by a superscript number. This number refers not to the age of the papyrus, but to the order in which it was registered.Law 2012, p. 95 Before 1900, only 9 papyri manuscripts were known, and only one had been cited in a critical apparatus ( by Constantin von Tischendorf). These 9 papyri were just single fragments, except for , which consisted of a single whole leaf. The discoveries of the twentieth century brought about the earliest known New Testament manuscript fragments. Kenyon in 1912 knew 14 papyri, Aland in his first edition of ''Kurzgefasste...'' in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bible Translations Into Coptic
There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old Testament, Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic language, Coptic: Bohairic (northern), Fayyumic, Sahidic (southern), Akhmimic and Mesokemic (middle). Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version. The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period, after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language. Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive. A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic, most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library. Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith. Old Testament Translators of books of the Old Testament into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syriac Versions Of The Bible
Syriac is a dialect of Aramaic. Portions of the Old Testament were written in Aramaic and there are Aramaic phrases in the New Testament. Syriac translations of the New Testament were among the first and date from the 2nd century. The whole Bible was translated by the 5th century. Besides Syriac, there are Bible translations into other Aramaic dialects. Syria played an important or even predominant role in the beginning of Christianity. Here is where the Gospel of Matthew, the Gospel of Luke, the Didache, Ignatiana, and the Gospel of Thomas are believed to have been written. Syria was the country in which the Greek language intersected with the Syriac, which was closely related to the Aramaic dialect used by Jesus and the Apostles. That is why Syriac versions are highly esteemed by textual critics. Scholars have distinguished five or six different Syriac versions of all or part of the New Testament. It is possible that some translations have been lost. The manuscripts originate i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Porphyrianus
Codex Porphyrianus designated by Papr or 025 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 3 ( von Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Acts of Apostles, Pauline epistles, and General epistles, with some lacunae, dated paleographically to the 9th century. It is one of a few uncial manuscripts that include the Book of Revelation.Bruce M. Metzger and Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration", Oxford University Press (New York – Oxford 2005), p. 79. It was discovered and edited by Constantin von Tischendorf. The manuscript is lacunose. Description The codex contains 327 parchment leaves (), written in one column per page, 24 lines per page. It is a palimpsest, the upper text is the codex 1834, dated to 1301. It contains the commentary of Euthalius on the Acts and the Pauline epistles together with the biblical text. It has breathings, accents, and apostrophes. The accents are often used wrongly. It has "Martyrdom of Peter and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Angelicus
Codex Angelicus designated by Lap or 020 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 5 ( von Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 9th century. Formerly it was known as ''Codex Passionei''. Description The codex contains text of the Acts of the Apostles, the Catholic epistles, and the Pauline epistles, on 189 parchment leaves (). The text is written in two columns per page, 26 lines per column (size of column ). The codex contains large lacunae in Acts 1:1-8:10; and in Hebrews 13:10-25. It contains prolegomena, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), subscriptions at the end of each book, and . Text The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type with a few non-Byzantine readings. It is one of the very earliest purely Byzantine manuscripts, and belongs to the textual family Family E. Aland placed it in Category V. The text of Romans 16:25-27 is following 14:23, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Mosquensis I
Codex Mosquensis I designated by Kap or 018 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Απρ1 ( Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of New Testament, palaeographically it has been assigned to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Description The manuscript contains an almost complete text of the Catholic and Pauline epistles, with the exception of two lacunae (Romans 10:18—1 Corinthians 6:13; 1 Corinthians 8:8-11). Formerly it also contained the Acts of the Apostles, which book has been lost. The text is written on 288 parchment leaves (), in 2 columns per page, 27 lines per page, in uncial script, but separated into paragraphs by comments, written in minuscule script.Bruce M. Metzger, Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration", ''Oxford University Press'', New York - Oxford 2005, p. 77. There are some scholia at the foot of the pages attributed to John Chrysostom. It contains breathings and accents. Text The Greek text ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 48 ( Soden), before the French Revolution was called ''Codex Colbertinus 2844''. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia. According to the textual critics it is one of the best minuscule manuscripts of the New Testament. Description The codex contains part of the Prophets of the Old Testament, and all the books of the New Testament (except Revelation of John), on 143 parchment leaves (), with three lacunae in Gospel of Mark, and Gospel of Luke (Mark 9:31-11:11; 13:11-14:60; Luke 21:38-23:26). The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numerals are given at the margin, and the τίτλοι (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. It contains Prolegomena to the Catholic epistles and the Pauline epistles (folios 73-76), the Euthalian Apparatus. It is written on a parchment in minus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uncial 0278
Uncial 0278 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 9th century. Description The codex contains the text of the Pauline epistles with numerous lacunae, on 120 parchment leaves (24.2 cm by 18.2 cm). It contains Romans 1:5-9, 24-30; 1 Corinthians 7:37-8:6; 2 Cor 13:3-12; Galatians 1:1 -2:16, 6:11-18; Ephesians 1:1-8, 16 - 2:5; 4:30 - Phil 3:4; Colossians 1:23 - 2 Thess. 3:18; Titus 2:11-3:2, 3:8 - Hebrews 10:12. It is a Greek-Arabic diglot, with the Greek text in the first of two columns per page, 20-22 lines per page, in uncial letters. It is a palimpsest, the lower text containing theological writings.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, ''Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments'', Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1994, p. 42. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 9th century. Location It is one of the manuscripts discovered in Saint Cather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uncial 0121b
Uncial 0121b (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), it was named as Fragmentum Uffenbachianum, or Codex Ruber. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th-century. The manuscript is very lacunose. Description The codex contains parts of Hebrews 1:1-4:3; 12:20-13:25 on two parchment leaves (). The text is written in two columns per page, 45 lines per page, in small semi-uncial letters, in red ink (hence ''Codex Ruber''). The accents and notes of aspiration are carefully marked, but the iota subscriptum does not occur anywhere. T. H. Horne, ''An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures'', (New York, 1852), vol. 1852, p. 237. The Iota adscriptum occurs three times, ν εφελκυστικον is rare. The interrogative (;) occurs once (Heb 3:7), and the inverted comma (>) is often repeated to mark quotations. The letters are a little unusual, small in form, and their character is between uncial and minuscu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Athous Lavrensis
The Codex Athous Laurae, designated by Ψ or 044 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), or δ 6 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament Manuscripts), is a manuscript of the New Testament written in Greek uncial letters on parchment. The manuscript has many gaps in the text, as well as containing handwritten notes (known as marginalia). Using the study of comparative writing styles ( palaeographically), the codex is dated to the 8th or 9th century. The codex is currently kept in the Great Lavra monastery (B' 52) on the Athos peninsula. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing 261 parchment leaves, which measure , with the text-block being . The text is written in small uncial letters, in one column of 31 lines per page. These letters have breathings (utilised to designate vowel emphasis) and accents (used to indicate voiced pitch changes). The codex contains a table of contents ("" / ''kephalaia'') before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
