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Manuel Sánchez Arcas
Manuel Sánchez Arcas (1897–1970) was a Spanish Modernist architect. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he served in the Republican government as Undersecretary for Propaganda. After the Republican defeat he went into exile in Moscow, Warsaw and Berlin. Life Early years: 1897–1936 Manuel Sánchez Arcas was born in Madrid in 1897. He studied at the Madrid School of Architecture (''Escuela de Arquitectura de Madrid''), and graduated in 1921. He went to London for further studies. On his return to Spain he first worked with Secundino Zuazo, then from 1925 worked alone. He was one of the architects known as the "1925 generation" that tried to introduce avant-garde Modernist concepts into Spain. Modesto López Otero was the director for the Madrid University City (''Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid'') project. He formed a diverse team of young architects to design the various buildings, including Sánchez Arcas. Sánchez Arcas and Jesús Martí Martín designed a new b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its monocentric metropolitan area is the third-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. Capital city of both Spain (almost without interruption since 1561) and the surrounding autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. The city is situated on an elevated plain about from the closest seaside location. The climate of Madrid features hot summers and cool winters. The Madrid urban agglomeration has the second-large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Largo Caballero
Francisco Largo Caballero (15 October 1869 – 23 March 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist. He was one of the historic leaders of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and of the Workers' General Union (UGT). In 1936 and 1937 Caballero served as the Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. Biography Early years Born in Madrid, as a young man he made his living stuccoing walls. He participated in a construction workers strike in 1890 and joined the PSOE in 1894. Upon the death in 1925 of party founder Pablo Iglesias, he succeeded him as head of the party and of the UGT. Political career Moderate in his positions at the beginning of his political life, he advocated maintaining a degree of UGT cooperation with the dictatorial government of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, which permitted the union to continue functioning under his military dictatorship (that lasted from 1923 to 1930). This was the start of his politica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enrique Líster
Enrique Líster Forján (21 April 1907 – 8 December 1994) was a Spanish communist politician and military officer. Early life Líster was born in 1907 at Ameneiro, A Coruña. A stonemason, he spent his adolescence in Cuba, before returning in 1925 and joining the Communist Party of Spain (PCE). His involvement with the revolutionary movement forced his exile until 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. In August 1931, he took part in the Cuban uprising against Gerardo Machado, who had declared martial law. Between 1932 and 1935, Líster received training in the Frunze Military Academy, one of the most respected in the Soviet Union. Spanish Civil War In 1936, when the Spanish Civil War started, he joined the Fifth Regiment.Comín Colomer, Eduardo (1973); El 5º Regimiento de Milicias Populares. Madrid. The following year, as a high-ranking army officer, commanding the 11th division of the republican army, Líster was instrumental in the defense of Madrid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Modesto
Juan Guilloto León, usually referred to as Modesto or Juan Modesto (24 September 1906 – 16 April 1969), was a Republican army officer during the Spanish Civil War. Biography Early life Born at El Puerto de Santa María in Cádiz, Juan Guilloto worked at a sawmill before joining the Spanish Army. He served in Morocco, becoming a corporal of the Regulares colonial troops based in Larache. Juan Guilloto was affiliated with the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1930, and in 1933 he was placed in charge of the ''Milicias Antifascistas Obreras y Campesinas (MAOC)'' in Madrid, which constituted a paramilitary force for the Party. He organized the ''Sindicato de Oficios Varios y el Socorro Rojo'', which coordinated relations with the Socorro Rojo Internacional. Spanish Civil War When the Spanish Civil War broke out in July 1936, Juan Guilloto participated in the assault of Cuartel de la Montaña, and the Battle of Guadarrama fought in the Guadarrama Mountain Range. He was one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolores Ibárruri
Isidora Dolores Ibárruri Gómez (; 9 December 189512 November 1989), also known as (English: "the Passionflower"), was a Spanish Republican politician of the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939 and a communist known for her slogan ''¡No Pasarán!'' ("They shall not pass!") issued during the Battle for Madrid in November 1936. She joined the Spanish Communist Party ( es , Partido Comunista Español) when it was founded in 1920. In the 1930s she became a writer for the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) publication ''Mundo Obrero'' and in February 1936 was elected to the Cortes Generales as a PCE deputy for Asturias. Going into exile from Spain towards the end of the Civil War in 1939, she became General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Spain, a position she held from 1942 to 1960. The Party then named her honorary president of the PCE, a post she held for the rest of her life. Upon her return to Spain in 1977 she was re-elected as a deputy to the Cortes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segismundo Casado
Segismundo Casado López (10 October 1893 – 18 December 1968) was a Spanish Army officer; he served during the late Restoration, the Primo de Rivera dictatorship and the Second Spanish Republic. Following outbreak of the Spanish Civil War he sided with the Republicans, gradually rising to commander of the Army of the Centre. He is best known as leader of the coup against the government of Juan Negrín; its objectives were preventing a Communist takeover and terminating fratricidal bloodshed during the war, considered already lost. The rebels seized control of the Republican zone; in their quasi-government Casado served as the minister of defense. Negotiations with the Nationalists failed; Casado went on exile, first to Britain and from 1947 to Latin America, returning to Spain in 1961. Military career There is little clarity as to Casado’s parents. Himself he claimed - and this information is reproduced by the Spanish Real Academia de la Historia - that his parents, T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julio Álvarez Del Vayo
Julio Álvarez del Vayo (1890 in Villaviciosa de Odón, Community of Madrid – 3 May 1975 in Geneva, Switzerland) was a Spanish Socialist politician, journalist and writer. Biography Álvarez studied Law at the Universities of Madrid and Valladolid and he did postdoctoral work at the London School of Economics. He joined the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) at a very young age and he opposed to the collaboration of that party with the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera (1923–1930). He wrote for the newspapers ''La Nación'' of Argentina, ''El Liberal'' and '' El Sol'' of Spain, and ''The Guardian'' of Britain. He visited the United States, the European fronts during the First World War and the Soviet Union as a journalist. In 1930 he conspired for an armed uprising against the Monarchy. When the Second Republic was proclaimed he was appointed ambassador to Mexico and to the Soviet Union, and later he was elected a member of the Parliament. He followed the PSOE's revol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federico Melchor
Federico Melchor Fernández (10 April 1915 – 11 September 1985) was a Spanish journalist and communist politician. He was one of the leaders of the Communist Youth Union of Spain. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) he was general director of Propaganda in the government of Juan Negrín. He became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Spain. Life Early years Federico Melchor was born in Madrid on 10 April 1915. As a boy he spent time at the ''Casa del Pueblo''. He became a militant in the youth organization of the Socialist Party. He was editor of the weekly paper ''Renovación''. He became secretary of the Socialist Youth in Madrid. He became a member of the National Executive of the Socialist Youth of Spain (''Juventudes Socialistas de España'', JSE), and editor of ''Claridad''. Writing in the 21 December 1933 issue of ''Rundschau'', the German-language journal of the Communist International, Melchor said the Communist Party of Spain (''Partido Comun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Giral
José Giral y Pereira (22 October 1879 – 23 December 1962) was a Spanish politician, who served as the 75th Prime Minister of Spain during the Second Spanish Republic. Life Giral was born in Santiago de Cuba. He had degrees in Chemistry and Pharmacy from the University of Madrid. In 1905 he became professor of chemistry in the University of Salamanca. He founded Acción Republicana with Manuel Azaña. During the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera he conspired against the regime, and was imprisoned three times. When the Second Republic was declared, he was named director of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid and advisor of State. Between 1931 and 1933 he served as Minister of the Navy. After the failure of Diego Martínez Barrio to form a government to restrain the military revolt of 17 July 1936, Azaña ordered Giral to form a new government constituted exclusively by republicans. This 133rd Prime Minister government lasted from 19 July to 4 September 1936. Then, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Negrín
Juan Negrín López (; 3 February 1892 – 12 November 1956) was a Spanish politician and physician. He was a leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) and served as finance minister and prime minister of the left-leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. He was the last Loyalist premier of Spain (1937–1939), leading the Republican forces defeated by the Nationalists under General Francisco Franco. He was President of the Council of Ministers of the Second Spanish Republic and the Spanish Republican government in exile between 1937 and 1945. He died in exile in Paris, France. None of the leaders of the Second Spanish Republic has been as vilified as Negrín, not only by Francoist historians, but also by important sectors of the exiled Spanish Left, including the leadership of his own Socialist Party and as his friend-turned-nemesis Indalecio Prieto. He has been depic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercado Torroja
Mercado is the Portuguese and Spanish word for ''market''. It may refer to: Public markets * Mercado de las Carnes, a former meat market in Ponce, Puerto Rico * Mercado Central, Valencia, a public market in Valencia, Spain * Mercado Central de Santiago, the central market of Santiago de Chile * Mercado Jamaica, Mexico City, a traditional market in Mexico City * Mercado Modelo (Montevideo), a central fruit and vegetable wholesale market in Montevideo * Mercado de Sonora, a traditional market in Mexico City People with the surname * Jerges Mercado Suárez, Bolivian politician * Juan Miguel Mercado, Spanish cyclist * Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín, Peruvian politician * Gabriel Mercado, Argentine footballer * Joseph Mercado, Filipino academic * Mai Mercado (born 1980), Danish politician * Melinda Mercado, American soccer player * Noel Kempff Mercado, Bolivian biologist * Oscar Mercado, baseball player * Scarleth Mercado, Nicaraguan weightlifter * Walter Mercado, Puerto Rican astrolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Esplá
Carlos Esplá Rizo (23 June 1895 – 6 July 1971) was Spanish Left Republican politician and journalist. For several months during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he was the first Spanish Minister of Propaganda. Early years: 1895–1931 Carlos Esplá Rizo was born in Alicante on 23 June 1895. His family was middle class and liberal. He soon became interested in politics, and helped found the Republican Left journal ''El Luchador'' (The Wrestler) in Alicante. Due to his anti-monarchy articles he had to leave the city and move to Valencia. There he became involved with well-known Republicans and continued to work as a journalist. In 1921 Esplá went to Paris for a planned stay of three months that became seven years. While in Paris he founded ''España con Honra'' (Spain with Honor). He was connected to Miguel de Unamuno and collaborated with Vicente Blasco Ibáñez in anti-monarchist activities. Esplá became Paris correspondent of the Spanish Fabra news agency, He helped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
