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Federico Melchor
Federico Melchor Fernández (10 April 1915 – 11 September 1985) was a Spanish journalist and communist politician. He was one of the leaders of the Communist Youth Union of Spain. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) he was general director of Propaganda in the government of Juan Negrín. He became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Spain. Life Early years Federico Melchor was born in Madrid on 10 April 1915. As a boy he spent time at the ''Casa del Pueblo''. He became a militant in the youth organization of the Socialist Party. He was editor of the weekly paper ''Renovación''. He became secretary of the Socialist Youth in Madrid. He became a member of the National Executive of the Socialist Youth of Spain (''Juventudes Socialistas de España'', JSE), and editor of ''Claridad''. Writing in the 21 December 1933 issue of ''Rundschau'', the German-language journal of the Communist International, Melchor said the Communist Party of Spain (''Partido Comun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its monocentric metropolitan area is the third-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. Capital city of both Spain (almost without interruption since 1561) and the surrounding autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. The city is situated on an elevated plain about from the closest seaside location. The climate of Madrid features hot summers and cool winters. The Madrid urban agglomeration has the second-large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Claudín Pontes
Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa, the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka. It is equivalent to the Germanic given name Ferdinand, with an original meaning of "adventurous, bold journey". First name * Fernando el Católico, king of Aragon A * Fernando Acevedo, Peruvian track and field athlete * Fernando Aceves Humana, Mexican painter * Fernando Alegría, Chilean poet and writer * Fernando Alonso, Spanish Formula One driver * Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan footballer * Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter * Fernando Antogna, Argentine track and road cyclist * Fernando de Araújo (other), multiple people B * Fernando Balzaretti (1946–1998), Mexican actor * Fernando Baudrit Solera, Costa Rican president of the supreme court * Fernando Botero, Colombian artist * Fernando Bujones, ballet dancer C * Fernando Cabrera (baseball) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1915 Births
Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction". *January 1 ** WWI: British Royal Navy battleship HMS ''Formidable'' is sunk off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by an Imperial German Navy U-boat, with the loss of 547 crew. ** Battle of Broken Hill: A train ambush near Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, is carried out by two men (claiming to be in support of the Ottoman Empire) who are killed, together with 4 civilians. * January 5 – Joseph E. Carberry sets an altitude record of , carrying Capt. Benjamin Delahauf Foulois as a passenger, in a fixed-wing aircraft. * January 12 ** The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposal to give women the right to vote. ** '' A Fool There Was'' premières in the United States, starring Theda Bara as a '' femme fatale''; she quickly become ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mundo Obrero
''Mundo Obrero'' (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Workers World'') is the periodical of the Communist Party of Spain (main), Communist Party of Spain (PCE). The paper is based in Madrid, Spain. History and profile ''Mundo Obrero'' was first published on 14 November 1931. During its initial phase the paper was edited by the Peruvians, Peruvian journalist César Falcón and was financed by the Soviet Union. Its headquarters is in Madrid. One of its notable contributors was Dolores Ibárruri. Its editor-in-chief was Jesus Hernández at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. The paper was illegally published during the Francoist Spain, rule of Franco and adopted a strict Bolsheviks, Bolshevist stance arguing that capitalism, social democracy and Trotskyism were all threatening views. The paper is published fortnightly and contains articles related to the Spanish and international political situations, the opinions of the different bodies of the party as well as relevant party members, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. The city became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (mostly Eclectic, but also Neoclassical and Art Nouveau), interbellum ( Bauhaus, Art Deco and Romanian Revival architecture), socialist era, and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of 'Paris of the East' ( ro, Parisul Estului) or 'Little Paris' ( ro, Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and even Nic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unión General De Trabajadores
The Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT, General Union of Workers) is a major Spanish trade union, historically affiliated with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). History The UGT was founded 12 August 1888 by Pablo Iglesias Posse in Mataró (Barcelona), with Marxist socialism as its ideological basis, despite its statutory apolitical status. Until its nineteenth Congress in 1920, it did not consider class struggle as a basic principle of trade union action. Being a member of the UGT implies an affiliation to the PSOE and vice versa. During World War I era, the UGT followed a tactical line of close relationship and unity of action with the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT, National Labour Confederation). The UGT grew rapidly after 1917, and by 1920 had 200,000 members. This era came to a sudden end with the advent of the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, who gave a legal monopoly on labor organizing to his own government-sponsored union. While the CNT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Esplá
Carlos Esplá Rizo (23 June 1895 – 6 July 1971) was Spanish Left Republican politician and journalist. For several months during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he was the first Spanish Minister of Propaganda. Early years: 1895–1931 Carlos Esplá Rizo was born in Alicante on 23 June 1895. His family was middle class and liberal. He soon became interested in politics, and helped found the Republican Left journal ''El Luchador'' (The Wrestler) in Alicante. Due to his anti-monarchy articles he had to leave the city and move to Valencia. There he became involved with well-known Republicans and continued to work as a journalist. In 1921 Esplá went to Paris for a planned stay of three months that became seven years. While in Paris he founded ''España con Honra'' (Spain with Honor). He was connected to Miguel de Unamuno and collaborated with Vicente Blasco Ibáñez in anti-monarchist activities. Esplá became Paris correspondent of the Spanish Fabra news agency, He helped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Sánchez Arcas
Manuel Sánchez Arcas (1897–1970) was a Spanish Modernist architect. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he served in the Republican government as Undersecretary for Propaganda. After the Republican defeat he went into exile in Moscow, Warsaw and Berlin. Life Early years: 1897–1936 Manuel Sánchez Arcas was born in Madrid in 1897. He studied at the Madrid School of Architecture (''Escuela de Arquitectura de Madrid''), and graduated in 1921. He went to London for further studies. On his return to Spain he first worked with Secundino Zuazo, then from 1925 worked alone. He was one of the architects known as the "1925 generation" that tried to introduce avant-garde Modernist concepts into Spain. Modesto López Otero was the director for the Madrid University City (''Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid'') project. He formed a diverse team of young architects to design the various buildings, including Sánchez Arcas. Sánchez Arcas and Jesús Martí Martín designed a new b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan José Domenchina
Juan José Domenchina Moreu (18 May 1898 – 27 October 1959) was a Spanish poet and literary critic from the "Generation of '27". Life Juan José Domenchina was born in Madrid in 1898. He trained as a teacher but never taught. His early poetry shows the influence of Juan Ramón Jiménez, although it has a more Baroque quality. Apart from poetry he wrote at least two novels, ''La túnica de Neso'' (1919) and ''Dédalo'' (1932). His wife was Ernestina de Champourcín (born 1905), also a poet and novelist. By 1936 Domenchina had published eight books of poetry. Domenchina also contributed literary criticism to the Madrid newspapers ''El Sol'' and ''La Voz'', and was involved in politics. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) under the government of Juan Negrín the sub-secretariat of Propaganda was headed by Leonard Martín Echevarría of the Republican Left. Domenchina, also of the Republican Left, headed the Spanish Information Service. Due to his Republican ideals Domenchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spanish State, Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title ''Caudillo''. This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Spain, Ferrol, Galicia (Spain), Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910. While serving in Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Morocco, he rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1926 at age 33, which made him the #Military career, youngest general in all of Europe. Two years later, Franco became the director of the General Military Academy in Zaragoza. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confederación Nacional Del Trabajo
The Confederación Nacional del Trabajo ( en, National Confederation of Labor; CNT) is a Spanish confederation of anarcho-syndicalist labor unions, which was long affiliated with the International Workers' Association (AIT). When working with the latter group it was also known as CNT-AIT. Historically, the CNT has also been affiliated with the Federación Anarquista Ibérica ( en, Iberian Anarchist Federation); thus, it has also been referred to as the CNT-FAI. Throughout its history, it has played a major role in the Spanish labor movement. Founded in 1910 in Barcelona from groups brought together by the trade union ''Solidaridad Obrera'', it significantly expanded the role of anarchism in Spain, which can be traced to the creation of the Spanish chapter of the IWA in 1870 and its successor organization, the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region. Despite several decades when the organization was illegal in Spain, today the CNT continues to participate in the Spanis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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