|
Moldovan National Party
The National Moldavian Party was a political party in Bessarabia. History Prior to 1917, Bessarabian intelligentsia was divided between noblemen, conservatives, democrats, and socialists. Vasile Stroescu, a rich but very modest filantrop boyar, managed to persuade all major factions to leave internal fights and at four day meeting (–) the ''National Moldavian Party'' was created. In April 1917 the party leadership was elected. It was headed by Vasile Stroescu, having among its members Paul Gore (a renowned conservative), Vladimir Herța, Pan Halippa (a renowned socialist), Onisifor Ghibu. Among the leaders of the party were general Matei Donici, Ion Pelivan, Daniel Ciugureanu, Gurie Grosu, Nicolae Alexandri, Teofil Ioncu, P. Grosu, Mihail Minciună, Vlad Bogos, F. Corobceanu, Gheorghe Buruiană, Simeon Murafa, Al. Botezat, Alexandru Groapă, Ion Codreanu, Vasile Gafencu. The party, which demanded autonomy, had a newspaper called '' Cuvânt moldovenesc'', to which some r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasile Stroescu
Vasile Vasilievici Stroescu (russian: Василий Васильевич Строеско, ''Vasily Vasilyevich Stroesko''; November 11, 1845 – April 13, 1926), also known as Vasile de Stroesco,"Vasile de Stroesco" and ""Scrisoarea dlui V. de Stroesco, in ''Unirea'', Nr. 14/1910, pp. 1–2 Ion Preasca in ''Adevărul Moldova'', November 30, 2013 Basile Stroesco,"Communiqués", in ''Le Figaro'', September 2, 1918, p. 2 or Vasile Stroiescu, was a Bessarabian and Romanian politician, landowner, and philanthropist. One of the proponents and sponsors of Romanian nationalism in Russian Empire, Russia's Bessarabia Governorate, as well as among the Romanian communities of Austria-Hungary, he was also a champion of self-help and of cooperative farming. He inherited or purchased large estates, progressively dividing them among local peasants, while setting up local schools and churches for their use. An erudite and traveler, he abandoned his career in law to focus on his agricultural proje ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teofil Ioncu
Teofil Ioncu (22 July 1885, in Olișcani – 16 March 1954, in Iași) was a Bessarabian and Romanian politician, member of Sfatul Țării.Alexandru Chiriac, ''Mic dicționar al membrilor Sfatului Țării din Chișinău, (21 noiembrie 1917 — 27 noiembrie 1918)'', în „Patrimoniu. Revistă de cultură istorică”, Chișinău, nr.4/1991, p. 75. Biography Teofil Ioncu studied at the Moscow Higher Institute and the Higher Business School of the University of Leipzig. From 1913-1914 he was one of the permanent contributors to the magazine ''Cuvânt Moldovenesc''. Political activity On 3 April 1917 he took part in the establishment of the National Moldavian Party. On 20 May 1917 he was elected president of the first Student Congress, which has as topic of discussion the election of the National Moldavian Party. In the summer of that year he was sent as a voting delegate by NMP from Chișinău near the Verkhovna Rada to support the interests of Romanians in Bessarabia. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Old Kingdom
The Romanian Old Kingdom ( ro, Vechiul Regat or just ''Regat''; german: Regat or ) is a colloquial term referring to the territory covered by the first independent Romanian nation state, which was composed of the Romanian Principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia. The union of the two principalities was achieved when, under the auspices of the Treaty of Paris (1856), the ''ad hoc'' Divans of both countries, which were then under Ottoman Empire suzerainty, voted for Alexander Ioan Cuza as their prince. This process achieved a ''de facto'' unification under the name of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The region itself is defined by the result of that political act, followed by the Romanian War of Independence, the inclusion of Northern Dobruja and the transfer of the southern part of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire in 1878, the proclamation of the Kingdom of Romania in 1881, and the annexation of Southern Dobruja in 1913. The term came into use after World War I, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
February Revolution
The February Revolution ( rus, Февра́льская револю́ция, r=Fevral'skaya revolyutsiya, p=fʲɪvˈralʲskəjə rʲɪvɐˈlʲutsɨjə), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917. The main events of the revolution took place in and near Petrograd (present-day Saint Petersburg), the then-capital of Russia, where long-standing discontent with the monarchy erupted into mass protests against food rationing on 23 February Old Style (8 March New Style). Revolutionary activity lasted about eight days, involving mass demonstrations and violent armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. On 27 February O.S. (12 March N.S.) the forces of the capital's garrison sided with the revolutionaries. Three days later Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, ending Romanov dynastic rule and the Russian Empi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Tofan
George Tofan ( – 15 July 1920) was a writer and official from Austro Hungary, the Moldavian Democratic Republic, and Romania. He was the editor in chief of Școala magazine (1907); also, George Tofan was a journalist and official in Chișinău. Biography George Tofan was born on , in Bilca (at the time in Austria-Hungary, now in Romania), studied in Suceava (1892–1900) and graduated from the Chernowitz University (1904). He contributed to ''Junimea literară'' (1904), ''Viața Românească'' (1906), ''Patria'', and '' Foaia poporului'' (1909). On 31 January 1909 he became the president of the Teacher Training Resource Centre "George Tofan". Also, he was the secretary of "Societatea pentru Cultura și Literatura Română în Bucovina". In 1914, Tofan was appointed as an inspector for the Romanian private schools and director of a school from Bazargic (today Dobrich). In 1917, together with Onisifor Ghibu, Tofan edited Școala Moldovenească in Chișinău; there he was a fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cernăuţi
Chernivtsi ( uk, Чернівці́}, ; ro, Cernăuți, ; see also other names) is a city in the historical region of Bukovina, which is now divided along the borders of Romania and Ukraine, including this city, which is situated on the upper course of the Prut river in the Southwestern Ukrainian territory. Chernivtsi serves as the administrative center for the Chernivtsi raion, the Chernivtsi urban hromada, and the oblast itself. In 2021, the Chernivtsi population, by estimate, is and the latest census in 2001 was 240,600. The first document that refers to this city dates back to 1408, when Chernivtsi was a town in the region of Moldavia, formerly as a defensive fortification, and became the center of Bukovina in 1488. In 1538, Chernivtsi was under the control of the Ottoman Empire, and the Turkish control lasted for two centuries until 1774, when Austria took control of Bukovina in the aftermath of the Russo-Turkish War. Chernivtsi (known at that time as ) became the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia and Sighișoara. It is also the home of some of Romania's List of World Heritage Sites in Romania, UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Villages with fortified churches, the Historic Centre of Sighișoara, the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains and the Rosia Montana Mining Cultural Landsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukovina
Bukovinagerman: Bukowina or ; hu, Bukovina; pl, Bukowina; ro, Bucovina; uk, Буковина, ; see also other languages. is a historical region, variously described as part of either Central or Eastern Europe (or both).Klaus Peter BergerThe Creeping Codification of the New Lex Mercatoria Kluwer Law International, 2010, p. 132 The region is located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains, today divided between Romania and Ukraine. Settled initially and primarily by Romanians and subsequently by Ruthenians (Ukrainians) during the 4th century, it became part of the Kievan Rus' in the 10th century and then the Principality of Moldavia during the 14th century. The region has been sparsely populated since the Paleolithic, with several now extinct peoples inhabiting it. Consequently, the culture of the Kievan Rus' spread in the region, with the Bukovinian Church administered from Kyiv until 1302, when it passed to Halych metropoly. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasile Gafencu
Vasile Gafencu (1 February 1886 – 16 March 1942) was a Bessarabian politician. He was the father of Valeriu Gafencu (1921–1952), nicknamed ''The Saint of Prisons''. Biography He served as Member of the Moldovan Parliament (1917–1918). After the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina in 1940, Gafencu was deported to Siberia by the Soviet authorities. Gallery Image:Stamp of Moldova 227.gif, Moldovan stamp, 1998 File:Vasile Gafencu (1886-1942) and family.jpg, The standing man is Vasile Gafencu Bibliography * Gheorghe E. Cojocaru, ''Sfatul Țării: itinerar'', Civitas, Chişinău, 1998, * Mihai Taşcă, ''Sfatul Țării şi actualele autorităţi locale'', "Timpul de dimineaţă ''Timpul'' (Romanian for "The Time") is a literary magazine published in Romania. Originally a political newspaper, it was the official platform of the Conservative Party between 1876 and 1914. The publication is still active (2018) and publishe ...", no. 114 (849), Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Codreanu (parliamentary)
Ion Stepanovici Codreanu (born 14 April 1879 Ștefănești, Florești, Soroca County; died 15 February 1949 Bucharest) was a Moldovan politician. Biography In 1917, Codreanu was a founding member of the National Moldavian Party. Soon after, he was elected as a member of the Moldovan Parliament. After the Soviet invasion of Bessarabia in 1940, he became a political prisoner in USSR, but in May 1941, he was exchanged for the Communist Ana Pauker Ana Pauker (born Hannah Rabinsohn; 13 February 1893 – 3 June 1960) was a Romanian communist leader and served as the country's foreign minister in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Ana Pauker became the world's first female foreign minister whe .... External links DICTIONAR AL MEMBRILOR SFATULUI TARII DIN CHISINAU (VI) Notes 1879 births 1949 deaths Romanian people of Moldovan descent People from Florești District Moldovan MPs 1917–1918 Bessarabian Peasants' Party politicians National Moldavian Party politicians P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Groapă
Alexandru Groapă (14 August 1879, Chirileni - 1940) was a Bessarabian politician. Biography He served as Member of the Sfatul Țării, Moldovan Parliament (1917–1918). Gallery Image:Stamp of Moldova 227.gif, Moldovan stamp, 1998 Bibliography *Gheorghe E. Cojocaru, ''Sfatul Țării: itinerar'', Civitas, Chişinău, 1998, *Mihai Taşcă, ''Sfatul Țării şi actualele autorităţi locale'', "Timpul de dimineaţă", no. 114 (849), June 27, 2008 (page 16) External linksArhiva pentru Sfatul Tarii Notes Moldovan MPs 1917–1918 People from Ungheni District 1879 births 1940 deaths {{Romania-politician-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simeon Murafa
Simeon Gheorghevici Murafa Lucia Sava''Viața cotidiană în orașul Chișinău la începutul secolului al XX-lea (1900–1918). Monografii Antim VIII'' Editura Pontos, Chișinău, 2010, p.171-172. (also spelled Simion or Semion Murafa; May 24, 1887 – August 20, 1917) was a Bessarabian politician in the Russian Empire, also known as a publicist and composer. A trained classical singer and a graduate of Saint Vladimir (Shevchenko) University, he was one of the leading activists supporting ethnic Romanian emancipation in Bessarabia and beyond. By 1914, he associated with the revolutionary core of the Romanian nationalist movement, which he represented as director of '' Cuvânt Moldovenesc'' newspaper. An officer of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I, Murafa mainly used his position to advance Romanian nationalism. In early 1917, he helped establish the Moldavian National Party, helping to organize its cells in Bessarabia and Odessa. He was murdered while attending ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
