|
Minuscule 472
Minuscule 472 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), α 1386 (in the Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 13th century. Biblical scholar and textual critic Frederick H. A. Scrivener labelled it by number 511. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing the text of the four Gospels on 210 parchment leaves (sized ), with numerous gaps (missing Matthew 4:1-7:6; 20:21-21:12; Luke 4:29-5:1; 5:17-33; 16:24-17:13; 20:19-41; John 6:51-8:2; 12:20-40; 14:27-15:13; 17:6-18:2; 18:37-19:14). The text is written in one column per page, 17-25 lines per page. The text is divided according to the chapters (known as / ''kephalaia''), whose numbers are given in the margin, and the chapter titles (known as / ''titloi'') at the top of the pages. There is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel
Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. Modern scholars are cautious of relying on the gospels uncritically, but nevertheless, they provide a good idea of the public career of Jesus, and critical study can attempt to distinguish the original ideas of Jesus from those of the later authors. The four canonical gospels were probably written between AD 66 and 110. All four were anonymous (with the modern names added in the 2nd century), almost certainly none were by eyewitnesses, and all are the end-products of long oral and written transmission. Mark was the first to be written, using a variety of sources. The authors of Matthew and Luke both independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichometry
Stichometry is the practice of counting lines in texts: Ancient Greeks and Romans measured the length of their books in lines, just as modern books are measured in pages. This practice was rediscovered by German and French scholars in the 19th century. ''Stichos'' ( pl. ''stichoi'') is the Greek word for a 'line' of prose or poetry and the suffix '-metry' is derived from the Greek word for measurement. The length of each line in the ''Iliad'' and ''Odyssey'', which may have been among the first long, Greek texts written down, became the standard unit for ancient stichometry. This standard line (''Normalzeile'', in German) was thus as long as an epic hexameter and contained about 15 syllables or 35 Greek letters. Stichometry existed for several reasons. Scribes were paid by the line and their fee per line was sometimes fixed by legal decree. Authors occasionally cited passages in the works of other authors by giving their approximate line number. Book buyers used total line cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 473
Minuscule 473 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), α1390 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, made from parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 11th century. Biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener described it as "one of the most splendid manuscripts extant" which contained "many remarkable variations" (variant readings), and labelled it by the number 512. It has liturgical books and full marginal notes. The manuscript was originally located in the city of Constantinople, but was brought to England in the 18th century along with several other manuscripts, all of which are now in the Lambeth Palace Library. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing the text of the four Gospels on 309 parchment leaves (size ), with only one gap (Matthew 1:1-8). The text is written in two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 471
Minuscule 471 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 136 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 510. The manuscript has no complex contents. Description The codex contains the text of the Gospels on 240 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacunae (Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in one column per page, 23-24 lines per page. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 240 sections - 16:9), but without references to the Eusebian Canons. It contains liturgical books with hagiographies: Synaxarion and Menologion. It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, Eusebian Canon tables (later hand), lists of the (''lists of contents'') before ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 470
Minuscule 470 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 136 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509. It has marginalia. Description The codex contains the text of the Gospels on 215 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacuna (Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in two columns per page, 23-24 lines per page. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 sections – the last section in 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers). It contains lists of the (''lists of contents'') before each of the Gospels, lectionary markings at the margin (''for liturgical service''), and subscriptions at the end of eac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Dacre Carlyle
Rev Joseph Dacre Carlyle FRSE (4 June 1758 – 12 April 1804) was an England, English oriental studies, orientalist. He gained church preferment and travelled widely. Life Joseph Dacre Carlyle was born in Carlisle, Cumberland, where his father George Carlyle served as a physician. He was educated at Carlisle grammar school, then Kirkby Lonsdale School, before being accepted by Christ's College, Cambridge. He moved shortly to Queens' College. He proceeded B.A. in 1779, and was elected a fellow of Queens', took his M.A, degree in 1783, and B.D. in 1793. During his residence at Cambridge he studied with David Zamio (Europeanised name) from Baghdad. He was appointed Sir Thomas Adams's Professor of Arabic when William Craven (professor), William Craven resigned in 1796. Meanwhile he had obtained some church preferment at Carlisle, becoming chancellor of the diocese in 1793. In 1792 he published ''Rerum Ægyptiacarum Annales'', translated from the Arabic of Ibn Taghribirdi, and in 1796 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ("the Great City"), Πόλις ("the City"), Kostantiniyye or Konstantinopolis ( Turkish) , image = Byzantine Constantinople-en.png , alt = , caption = Map of Constantinople in the Byzantine period, corresponding to the modern-day Fatih district of Istanbul , map_type = Istanbul#Turkey Marmara#Turkey , map_alt = A map of Byzantine Istanbul. , map_size = 275 , map_caption = Constantinople was founded on the former site of the Greek colony of Byzantion, which today is known as Istanbul in Turkey. , coordinates = , location = Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey , region = Marmara Region , type = Imperial city , part_of = , length = , width ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
INTF
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its Greek initial text on the basis of the entire manuscript tradition, the early translations and patristic citations; furthermore the preparation of an ''Editio Critica Maior'' based on the entire tradition of the New Testament in Greek manuscripts, early versions and New Testament quotations in ancient Christian literature. Under Kurt Aland's supervision, the INTF collected almost the entire material that was needed. The manuscript count in 1950 was 4250, in 1983, 5460, and in 2017 approximately 5800 manuscripts. Moreover, INTF produces several more editions and a variety of tools for New Testament scholarship, including the concise editions known as the "Nestle–Aland" – ''Novum Testamentum Graece'' and the UBS Greek New Testament. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caspar René Gregory
Caspar René Gregory (November 6, 1846 – April 9, 1917) was an American-born German theologian. Life Gregory was born to Mary Jones and Henry Duval Gregory in Philadelphia. He was the brother of the American zoologist Emily Ray Gregory. After completing his bachelor's degree at the University of Pennsylvania in 1864, he studied theology at two Presbyterian seminaries: in 1865–1867 at the Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, and in 1867–1873 at the Princeton Theological Seminary. In 1873, he decided to continue his studies at the University of Leipzig under Constantin von Tischendorf, to whose work on textual criticism of the New Testament he had been referred by his teacher Ezra Abbot. He administered the scientific legacy of Tischendorf, who died in 1874, and continued his work. In 1876, he obtained his PhD with a dissertation titled '' Grégoire the priest and the revolutionist''. The first examiner for it was the historian Georg Voigt. He comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claremont Profile Method
The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classification of the manuscript evidence of any ancient text with large manuscript attestation, and to present an adequate basis for the selection of balanced representatives of the whole tradition. The work of Wisse is limited only to three chapters in Luke: 1, 10, and 20. Wisse's profiles The word before the bracket is the reading of the UBS edition. The profile of a manuscript is formed by noting the numbers of those test readings where the manuscript agrees with the bold reading. The readings which are not bold are those of the Textus Receptus. Luke 1 * Luke 1:2 (1 reading) — ] * Luke 1:7 (2 reading) — ην η ελισαβετ ] η ελισαβετ ην * Luke 1:7 (3 reading) — η ] omit * Luke 1:8 (4 reading) — ] εναντ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William B
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the name should b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Categories Of New Testament Manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in ''The Text of the New Testament''. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian manuscripts are category I, while later Byzantine manuscripts are category V. Aland's method involved considering 1000 passages where the Byzantine text differs from non-Byzantine text. The Alands did not select their 1000 readings from all of the NT books; for example, none were drawn from Matthew and Luke. Description of categories The Alands' categories do not simply correspond to the text-types; all they do is demonstrate the 'Byzantine-ness' of a particular text; that is, how much it is similar to the Byzantine text-type, from least (Category I) to most similar (Category V). Category V can be equated with the Byzantine text-type, but the other categories are not necessarily re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
