Minuscule 470 (in the
Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 136 (in the
Soden numbering),
is a
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
minuscule
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...
manuscript
A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in ...
of the
New Testament
The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Chri ...
, on parchment.
Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509.
[ It has marginalia.
]
Description
The codex contains the text of the Gospel
Gospel originally meant the Christian message (" the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words a ...
s on 215 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacuna
Lacuna (plural lacunas or lacunae) may refer to:
Related to the meaning "gap"
* Lacuna (manuscripts), a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or musical work
** Great Lacuna, a lacuna of eight leaves where there was heroic Old Norse p ...
(Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in two columns per page, 23-24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 sections – the last section in 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons
Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...
(written below Ammonian section numbers).[
It contains lists of the (''lists of contents'') before each of the Gospels, lectionary markings at the margin (''for liturgical service''), and subscriptions at the end of each of the Gospels.][
It was beautifully written in a clear bold hand. It has breathings and accents, tolerably but not uniformly correct. The manuscript is remarkable free from the errors of ]itacism
Iotacism ( el, ιωτακισμός, ''iotakismos'') or itacism is the process of vowel shift by which a number of vowels and diphthongs converged towards the pronunciation in post-classical Greek and Modern Greek. The term "iotacism" refers to ...
, or interchange of vowels (hiatus
Hiatus may refer to:
*Hiatus (anatomy), a natural fissure in a structure
* Hiatus (stratigraphy), a discontinuity in the age of strata in stratigraphy
*''Hiatus'', a genus of picture-winged flies with sole member species '' Hiatus fulvipes''
* Gl ...
).[F. H. A. Scrivener]
''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''
(Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXVII.
The nomina sacra
In Christian scribal practice, nomina sacra (singular: ''nomen sacrum'' from Latin ''sacred name'') is the abbreviation of several frequently occurring divine names or titles, especially in Greek manuscripts of the Bible. A nomen sacrum consists ...
are contracted. N ephelkystikon
In ancient Greek grammar, movable nu, movable N or ephelcystic nu ( grc, νῦ ἐφελκυστικόν ''nû ephelkustikón'', literally "nu dragged onto" or "attracted to") is a letter nu (written ; the Greek equivalent of the letter ''n'') pl ...
is not frequent. Iota adscript
The iota subscript is a diacritic mark in the Greek alphabet shaped like a small vertical stroke or miniature iota placed below the letter. It can occur with the vowel letters eta , omega , and alpha . It represents the former presence of an ...
um is found twice, Iota subscript
The iota subscript is a diacritic mark in the Greek alphabet shaped like a small vertical stroke or miniature iota placed below the letter. It can occur with the vowel letters eta , omega , and alpha . It represents the former presence of an o ...
um never.
The liturgical apparatus has the larger prefixed to the last three Gospels, capital letters at the commencement of the Church lessons in gold, the Ammonian Sections in the margin in red ink, and references to the Eusebian Canons in blue.[
]
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fo ...
. According to Hermann von Soden it represents the Byzantine commentated text.[ Aland placed it in Category V.]
In the whole manuscript very few rare or noticeable readings will be found. According to Scrivener "it approaches as nearly to the received text
''Textus Receptus'' (Latin: "received text") refers to all printed editions of the Greek New Testament from Erasmus's ''Novum Instrumentum omne'' (1516) to the 1633 Elzevir edition. It was the most commonly used text type for Protestant denomi ...
as many of a much lower date".[
Hermann von Soden included it to the textual group Ak (subgroup of Kx). According to the ]Claremont Profile Method
The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classi ...
it belongs to the same textual cluster as the codex 490 in Luke 1; 10; 20.
The text of the Pericope Adulterae
Jesus and the woman taken in adultery (or the ) is a passage (pericope) found in John 7:53– 8:11 of the New Testament. It has been the subject of much scholarly discussion.
In the passage, Jesus was teaching in the Second Temple after com ...
(John 7:53-8:11) was omitted by original scribe, but was added by later hand at the end of the Gospel of John
The Gospel of John ( grc, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ἰωάννην, translit=Euangélion katà Iōánnēn) is the fourth of the four canonical gospels. It contains a highly schematic account of the ministry of Jesus, with seven "sig ...
.[
]
History
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 11th century.
According to the inscription at the end (apparently in the same hand as John 7:53-8:11), it was once at Constantinople:
επακουσον ημων ο θς η ελπις παντων των περατων της γης και των εν θαλασση μακραν και ρυσαι ο θς ημων την πολιν ταυτην και χωραν των χριστιανων απο λιμου λιμου οιμουσισμου καταποντισμου πυρος μαχαιρας επιστιανων αλλοφιλον πολεων δαιμων (?) ημων επακουσον και ελαιησον.[
]
The manuscript was brought from the monastery in the Greek Archipelago to England by Carlyle (1759-1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts: 206, 471, 472
__NOTOC__
Year 472 ( CDLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Festus and Marcianus (or, less frequently, year 1225 ''A ...
, 473, 474
__NOTOC__
Year 474 ( CDLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Leo without colleague (or, less frequently, year 1227 ...
, 475
__NOTOC__
Year 475 ( CDLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Zeno without colleague (or, less frequently, year 1228 ...
, 488, 642.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (509) and Gregory (470).
The manuscript was examined and collated by J. Farrer of Carlisle in 1804, Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener
A scrivener (or scribe) was a person who could read and write or who wrote letters to court and legal documents. Scriveners were people who made their living by writing or copying written material. This usually indicated secretarial and ad ...
collated and edited its text in 1852.
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace (1175) in London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
.
See also
* List of New Testament minuscules
The list of New Testament Minuscules ordered by Gregory-Aland index number is divided into three sections:
* List of New Testament minuscules (1–1000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (1001–2000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (2001– ...
* Biblical manuscript
* Textual criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts or of printed books. Such texts may range in da ...
References
Further reading
* F. H. A. Scrivener
''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''
(Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXVI-XXVII, 1-178. (as a)
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0470
Greek New Testament minuscules
11th-century biblical manuscripts