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Minglun
Minglun () is a town in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 41,149 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the town is divided into one community and fifteen villages: *Minglun Community () *Yajing () *Longshui () *Xiangyao () *Baoshan () *Caibo () *Cuishan () *Baixiang () *Jixiang () *Gancheng () *Beisong () *Yinghao () *Bamian () *Hekuang () *Haodong () *Liuping () History The area belonged to Anhua Department () in 1905, during the late Qing dynasty (1644–1911). In 1912, it was renamed "Anhua County" () and soon renamed "Yibei County" () in January 1914, and came under the jurisdiction of Liujiang Municipality (). On 20 November 1949, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) took control of Yibei County and it came under the jurisdiction of Qingyuan Special District (). One year later, it was under the jurisdiction of Yishan Special District (). On 11 August 1952, Yibei County and Si'en County () merged t ...
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Luoyang, Huanjiang County
Luoyang () is a town in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 48,949 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the town is divided into three communities and twelve villages: *Luoyang Community () *Hongyang Community () *Hong'an Community () *Tuanjie () *Pule () *Wenya () *Yong'an () *Yongquan () *Dimeng () *Yuhe () *Yamai () *Jiangkou () *Guchang () *Hezuo () *Miaoshi () History During the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), it belonged to Si'en County (). In 1933 during the Republic of China, Luoyang Township was set up. In 1950, it came under the jurisdiction of the 3rd District. In 1959, its name was renamed Luoyang People's Commune () and then Luoyang District () in 1962. In 1984, it was upgraded to a town. Geography The town is situated at the south central of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County. The town shares a border with Chuanshan Town and Xianan Township to the west, Da'an Township and Minglun Town to ...
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Xunle Miao Ethnic Township
Xunle Miao Ethnic Township () is an ethnic township in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 28,563 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the township is divided into two communities and ten villages: *Fushou Community () *Pingzhi Community () *Pingmo () *Taiping () *Quan'an () *Shangang () *Daji () *Beishan () *Zhenbei () *Kangning () *Changbei () *Shunning () History The area belonged to Anhua Department () during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). In 1933 during the Republic of China, Xunle Township and Dao'an Township were founded and came under the jurisdiction of Yibei County (). In August 1951, it was under the jurisdiction of the 8th District. In February 1972, Shangchao Town () was set up here. In 1984, it was renamed Xunle Miao Ethnic Township. In 2005, Shangchao Town was merged into the township. Geography The township lies at the northern of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, bordering Chuans ...
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Changmei Township
Changmei Township () is a township in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 15,881 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the township is divided into one community and five villages: *Changmei Community () *Neitong () *Bafu () *Neidian () *Guan'an () *Aidong () History The area belonged to Si'en County () during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). In 1933 during the Republic of China, Changzhi Township () was set up. In 1950, it came under the jurisdiction of the Fifth District. In 1958, its name was changed to Da'an People's Commune (). It was incorporated as a township in September 1984. Geography The township is situated at the eastern of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County. It is bordered to the north by Minglun Town and Dongxing Town, to the east by Jian'ai Township, to the south by Yizhou District, and to the west by Da'an Township. The highest point in the township is Yangjiao Mountain () which ...
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Da'an Township
Da'an Township () is a township in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 21,805 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the township is divided into one community and six villages: *Da'an Community () *Dingxin () *Ke'ai () *Caiping () *Tangfang () *Huanjie () *Jinqiao () History The area belonged to Si'en County () during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). In 1933 during the Republic of China, Da'an Township was founded. In 1950, it came under the jurisdiction of the 5th District (also known as Da'an District). In August 1958, its name was changed to Da'an People's Commune (). In 1984, Da'an People's Commune was revoked and reverted to its former name of Da'an Township. Geography The township is situated at the southeastern of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County. It is surrounded by Minglun Town on the north, Luoyang Town on the west, Changmei Township on the east, and Dacai Township, Si'en Town and Yi ...
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Longyan Township
Longyan Township () is a township in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 23,309 and an area of . Administrative division As of 2021, the township is divided into one community and twelve villages: *Longyan Community () *Anshan () *Dake () *Jiule () *Liangxing () *Kenlan () *Chaoge () *Jiuwei () *Chenghuang () *Dadong () *Huangzhong () *Ganyan () *Guangrong () History The area belonged to Anhua Department () during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). In 1933 during the Republic of China, Zhi'an Township () was founded and was under the jurisdiction of Yibei County (). In 1951, Zhi'an Township and Chongxing Township () were merged to form the 7th District. It was renamed the Rocket People's Commune () in 1958 and one year later renamed Longyan People's Commune (). In 1962, its name was changed to Longyan District (). It was incorporated as a township in 1984. Geography The township is situated at the northeastern of Huan ...
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Dongxing, Huanjiang County
Dongxing (; Zhuang language, Zhuang: Dunghhingh Zen) is a town under the administration of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, China, located in the northeast of the county. The town itself is inhabited mainly by Zhuang People speaking the Guibei dialect of Zhuang Language but there are also sizeable amounts of Yao people, Yao, Miao people, Miao, Maonan people, Maonan, Han Chinese, Han and Sui people, Sui. The town is composed of Donxing Town with its adjacent villages Banmao () and Dongxing Village () and it previously held a township status. Description Donxing Town is built on both sides of the river bank of Xiaohuangjiang () river, commonly known as Zhongzhouhe (), a river with great importance for the economy and agriculture of Dongxing but which faces concerning levels of pollution and flooding in the last decade. People are often seen fishing on boats or from the river bank, while during the Dragon Boat Festival, the river is a source of festive events and family g ...
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Republic Of China (1912–1949)
The Republic of China (ROC), between 1912 and 1949, was a sovereign state recognised as the official designation of China when it was based on Mainland China, prior to the Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan, relocation of Government of the Republic of China, its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War. At a Population history of China, population of 541 million in 1949, it was the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's most populous country. Covering , it consisted of 35 provinces of China, provinces, 1 Special administrative regions of China#ROC special administrative regions, special administrative region, 2 regions, 12 special municipality (Republic of China), special municipalities, 14 leagues, and 4 special banners. The China, People's Republic of China (PRC), which rules mainland China today, considers ROC as a country that ceased to exist since 1949; thus, the history of ROC before 1949 is often ...
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Pyrrhotite
Pyrrhotite is an iron sulfide mineral with the formula Fe(1-x)S (x = 0 to 0.2). It is a nonstoichiometric variant of FeS, the mineral known as troilite. Pyrrhotite is also called magnetic pyrite, because the color is similar to pyrite and it is weakly magnetic. The magnetism decreases as the iron content increases, and troilite is non-magnetic.Vaughan, D. J.; Craig, J. R. "Mineral Chemistry of Metal Sulfides" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1978. . Structure Pyrrhotite exists as a number of polytypes of hexagonal or monoclinic crystal symmetry; several polytypes often occur within the same specimen. Their structure is based on the NiAs unit cell. As such, Fe occupies an octahedral site and the sulfide centers occupy trigonal prismatic sites. Materials with the NiAs structure often are non-stoichiometric because they lack up to 1/8th fraction of the metal ions, creating vacancies. One of such structures is pyrrhotite-4C (Fe7S8). Here "4" indicates that iron vacancies ...
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table. In some respects, zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size.The elements are from different metal groups. See periodic table. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest workable lodes are in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc is refined by froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity ( electrowinning). Zinc is an essential trace element for humans, animals, plants and for microorganisms and is necessary for prenatal and postnatal development. It ...
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cut, lead is a shiny gray with a hint of blue. It tarnishes to a dull gray color when exposed to air. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and three of its isotopes are endpoints of major nuclear decay chains of heavier elements. Lead is toxic, even in small amounts, especially to children. Lead is a relatively unreactive post-transition metal. Its weak metallic character is illustrated by its amphoteric nature; lead and lead oxides react with acids and bases, and it tends to form covalent bonds. Compounds of lead are usually found in the +2 oxidation state rather than the +4 state common with lighter members of the carbon group. Exceptions are mostly limited to organolead compounds. Like the lighter members of the ...
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Anthracite
Anthracite, also known as hard coal, and black coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic luster. It has the highest carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest energy density of all types of coal and is the highest ranking of coals. Anthracite is the most metamorphosed type of coal (but still represents low-grade metamorphism), in which the carbon content is between 86% and 97%. The term is applied to those varieties of coal which do not give off tarry or other hydrocarbon vapours when heated below their point of ignition. Anthracite ignites with difficulty and burns with a short, blue, and smokeless flame. Anthracite is categorized into standard grade, which is used mainly in power generation, high grade (HG) and ultra high grade (UHG), the principal uses of which are in the metallurgy sector. Anthracite accounts for about 1% of global coal reserves, and is mined in only a few countries around the world. The Coal Region of northeastern Pen ...
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Sugarcane
Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of (often hybrid) tall, Perennial plant, perennial grass (in the genus ''Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar Sugar industry, production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sucrose, which accumulates in the Plant stem, stalk internodes. Sugarcanes belong to the grass family, Poaceae, an economically important flowering plant family that includes maize, wheat, rice, and sorghum, and many forage crops. It is native to the warm temperate and tropical regions of India, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea. The plant is also grown for biofuel production, especially in Brazil, as the canes can be used directly to produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol). Grown in tropical and subtropical regions, sugarcane is the world's largest crop by production quantity, totaling 1.9 billion tonnes in 2020, with Brazil accounting for 40% of the world total. Sugarcane accounts for 79% of sug ...
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