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Matei Boilă
Matei Zaharia Boilă (17 April 1926 – 27 August 2015) was a conservative Romanian politician, who later became a Greek Catholic priest. Boilă was influenced by the activity of his great-uncle on his mother's side of the family, Iuliu Maniu, a Prime Minister of Romania. He represented the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (CDNPP) in the Senate between 1992 and 2000. Biography He was born in Blaj, the son of Zaharia Boilă (a Law professor at King Ferdinand I University) and Clara Pop (the daughter of Maniu's sister, Elena), and graduated from the Gheorghe Lazăr High School in Sibiu. He became a member of the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ) in 1945 and graduated from the University of Cluj's Faculty of Law in 1951. He was arrested by the Securitate in 1949, and again in December 1952, when he was sentenced to 15 months of prison for "conspiracy against the social order". He was sent to the Capul Midia penal colony at the Danube–Black Sea Canal, and in May 1953 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservatism
Conservatism is a Philosophy of culture, cultural, Social philosophy, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, Convention (norm), customs, and Value (ethics and social sciences), values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in which it appears. In Western culture, depending on the particular nation, conservatives seek to promote and preserve a range of institutions, such as the nuclear family, organized religion, the military, the nation-state, property rights, rule of law, aristocracy, and monarchy. Conservatives tend to favor institutions and practices that enhance social order and historical continuity. The 18th-century Anglo-Irish statesman Edmund Burke, who opposed the French Revolution but supported the American Revolution, is credited as one of the forefathers of conservative thought in the 1790s along with Savoyard statesman Joseph de Maistre. The first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gherla Prison
Gherla Prison is a penitentiary located in the Romanian city of Gherla (), in Cluj County. The prison dates from 1785; it is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during the Communist regime. In Romanian slang, the generic word for a prison is "gherlă", after the institution. History Early years The prison was built on the site of an old fortress from 1540. The Sabbatarian Simon Péchi was arrested in May 1621 by then-Prince Gabriel Bethlen and spent three years in Szamosújvár Prison. In 1785, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor decreed it as the central prison for Transylvania, and it opened in 1787. The military deposit rooms and barns were turned into large detention rooms, seven for men and two for women. Two pillories were built, one in front of the prison and the other in the town center. Following the Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan, some 10,000 prisoners passed through over the next decade. Inmates had to pay for their own food and clothing o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border are the Carpathian Mountains and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Historical Transylvania also includes small parts of neighbouring Western Moldavia and even a small part of south-western neighbouring Bukovina to its north east (represented by Suceava County). Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history, coupled with its multi-cultural character. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other very well preserved medieval iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Bistrița, Alba Iuli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Orthodox Church
The Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC; , ), or Romanian Patriarchate, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox Christian denomination, Christian churches, and one of the nine patriarchates in the Eastern Orthodox Church organization, Eastern Orthodox Church. Since 1925, the church's Primate (bishop), Primate has borne the title of Patriarch. Its jurisdiction covers the territories of Romania and Moldova, with additional dioceses for Romanians living in nearby Ukraine, Serbia and Hungary, as well as for diaspora communities in Central Europe, Central and Western Europe, North America and Oceania. It is the only autocephalous church within Eastern Orthodoxy to have a Romance languages, Romance language for liturgical use. The majority of Romania's population (16,367,267, or 85.9% of those for whom data were available, according to the 2011 census data), as well as some 720,000 Moldovans, belong to the Romanian Orthodox Church. Members o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies (Romania)
The Chamber of Deputies () is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms. Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats. Leadership and structure Standing Bureau The () is the body elected by the deputies that rules the Chamber. Its president is the President of the Chamber, who is elected for a whole legislature (usually four years). All the other members are elected at the beginning of each parliamentary session. The Chamber of Deputies in Romania is chosen through a democratic process, where all citizens have an equal opportunity to vote freely and privately. It serves as a forum for the exchange of dive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it shares Portugal-Spain border, the longest uninterrupted border in the European Union; to the south and the west is the North Atlantic Ocean; and to the west and southwest lie the Macaronesia, Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, which are the two Autonomous Regions of Portugal, autonomous regions of Portugal. Lisbon is the Capital city, capital and List of largest cities in Portugal, largest city, followed by Porto, which is the only other Metropolitan areas in Portugal, metropolitan area. The western Iberian Peninsula has been continuously inhabited since Prehistoric Iberia, prehistoric times, with the earliest signs of Human settlement, settlement dating to 5500 BC. Celts, Celtic and List of the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hajongard Cemetery
Hajongard cemetery (officially Central Cemetery, in Hungarian ''Házsongárdi temető'', from German ''Hasengarten''), on Avram Iancu Street, is one of the oldest cemeteries in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, founded in the sixteenth century. It is one of the most picturesque sights of the city. It covers an area of approximately . Notable interments * Ion Agârbiceanu (1882–1963), writer, journalist, politician, academician and archpriest * János Apáczai Csere (1625–1659), humanist scholar * Gheorghe Avramescu (1884–1945), Lieutenant General during World War II * Miklós Bánffy (1873–1950), writer, illustrator, scenographer and foreign minister of Hungary * Matei Boilă (1926–2015), politician and priest * Ilona Borsai (1924–1982), musicologist, music historian, folk music researcher * Sámuel Brassai (1797–1897), linguist and teacher * Nicolae Bretan (1887–1968), opera composer, baritone, conductor, and music critic * Constantin Daicoviciu (1898–1973), histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca ( ; ), or simply Cluj ( , ), is a city in northwestern Romania. It is the second-most populous city in the country and the seat of Cluj County. Geographically, it is roughly equidistant from Bucharest (), Budapest () and Belgrade (). Located in the Someșul Mic river valley, the city is considered the unofficial capital of the Historical regions of Romania, historical province of Transylvania. For some decades prior to the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, it was the official capital of the Grand Principality of Transylvania. , 286,598 inhabitants live in the city. The Cluj-Napoca metropolitan area had a population of 411,379 people, while the population of the peri-urbanisation, peri-urban area is approximately 420,000. According to a 2007 estimate, the city hosted an average population of over 20,000 students and other non-residents each year from 2004 to 2007. The city spreads out from St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca, St. Michael's Church in Unirii Square, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Greek Catholic Major Archeparchy Of Făgăraș And Alba Iulia
The Romanian Catholic Archeparchy of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia (; in Romanian ''Arhieparhia de Făgăraș și Alba Iulia''), is an ecclesiastical territory or archeparchy (equivalent to an archdiocese in the Latin Church) of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church, a particular Eastern Catholic Church, that is located in Romania. The ordinary is the Archeparch of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia who is also the Metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia and the Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church. The incumbent Archeparch is Lucian, Cardinal Mureșan. The cathedral church of the archeparchy is the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity that is situated in the city of Blaj. There are five suffragan dioceses of the archeparchy in Romania : * Cluj–Gherla * Lugoj * Maramureș * Oradea Mare * Saint Basil the Great of Bucharest. Additionally, in North America, the Romanian Greek Catholic Eparchy of St George is part of the Church but is exempt. The Eparc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Todea
Alexandru Todea (5 June 1912, Teleac, Mureș County–22 May 2002, Târgu Mureș) was a Romanian Greek-Catholic bishop of the Alba Iulia Diocese and later cardinal. He was also a victim of the communist regime, suffering at Jilava, Sighet, and Pitești prisons. Born into a peasant family, Todea was the 13th of 16 children. After attending primary school in his native village, and high school in Reghin and Blaj, Metropolitan bishop Vasile Suciu send him to pursue his theological studies in Rome. He received his doctorate from the Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide and returned to Romania in 1940. He was created cardinal on 28 June 1991 and given the titular church of Sant'Atanasio a Via Tiburtina. Todea is buried at the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in Blaj Blaj (; archaically spelled as ''Blaș''; ; ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Blußendref'') is a city in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 17,816 inhabitants as of 2021. The city admi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reghin
Reghin (; , or ; ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Reen'') is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2021, it had a population of 29,742, making it the second biggest city of the Mureș county, just behind the capital Târgu Mureș and ahead of Sighișoara.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011: Location Reghin lies north-northeast of Târgu Mureș, extending on both shores of the river Mureș, at the confluence with the Gurghiu River. It was created by the 1926 union of the German-inhabited (formerly Szászrégen) and the Hungarian-inhabited (formerly Magyarrégen) city, and later joined with the two smaller communities of Apalina (Hungarian: ''Abafája''; German: ''Bendorf'') and Iernuțeni (Hungarian: ''Radnótfája''; German: ''Etschdorf''), added in 1956. Formally, the latter two are separate villages administered by the city. The city is on the Târgu Mureș– Deda– Gheorgheni Romanian Railways line 405. Histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iuliu Hirțea
Iuliu Hirțea (13 April 1914—28 June 1978) was a Romanian bishop of the Greek-Catholic Church. Born in Vintere village, Bihor County, he attended high school in Beiuș, entering the seminary in Oradea upon graduation in 1931. A year later, he went to the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples in Rome, receiving a doctorate in theology. He was ordained a priest in Rome in 1937, by Bishop Valeriu Traian Frențiu. His return to Romania was marked by the handover to Hungary of Northern Transylvania in 1940. From that year until 1945, he was secretary to Frențiu at his headquarters in Beiuș. He then started teaching at the Oradea seminary, following the area's reincorporation into Romania at the end of World War II. In late 1948, the new communist regime outlawed the Greek-Catholic Church; Hirțea had been arrested in the spring of that year. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
