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Maestà (Cimabue)
The ''Maestà'' is a painting by the Italian artist Cimabue, executed around 1280 and now in the Musée du Louvre in Paris. History It was acquired by the Louvre in 1813 as part of Napoleonic looting of artworks in Italy, together with Giotto's '' Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata'', also from the church of San Francesco in Pisa. Description The work is considered to be from around 1280, thus preceding the ''Santa Trinita Maestà''. It is also stylistically earlier to that work, being painted without pseudo-perspective, and having the angels around the Virgin simply placed one above the other, rather than being spatially arranged. The throne is similar to the ''Maestà'' painted by Cimabue in the Basilica of San Francesco di Assisi (1288–1292). This work established a new canon for the Madonna with Child, which was subsequently used by other painters, such as Duccio di Buoninsegna Duccio di Buoninsegna ( , ; – ), commonly known as just Duccio, was an Italian painter a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimabue
Giovanni Cimabue ( , ; – 1302), Translated with an introduction and notes by J.C. and P Bondanella. Oxford: Oxford University Press (Oxford World's Classics), 1991, pp. 7–14. . also known as Cenni di Pepo or Cenni di Pepi, was an Italian painter and designer of mosaics from Florence. Although heavily influenced by Byzantine models, Cimabue is generally regarded as one of the first great Italian painters to break from the Italo-Byzantine style. Compared with the norms of medieval art, his works have more lifelike figural proportions and a more sophisticated use of shading to suggest volume. According to Italian painter and historian Giorgio Vasari, Cimabue was the teacher of Giotto, the first great artist of the Italian Proto-Renaissance. However, many scholars today tend to discount Vasari's claim by citing earlier sources that suggest otherwise. Life Little is known about Cimabue's early life. One source that recounts his career is Vasari's ''Lives of the Most Excellen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musée Du Louvre
The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arrondissement (district or ward) and home to some of the most Western canon, canonical works of Art of Europe, Western art, including the ''Mona Lisa,'' ''Venus de Milo,'' and ''Winged Victory''. The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II of France, Philip II. Remnants of the Medieval Louvre fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to urban expansion, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function, and in 1546 Francis I of France, Francis I converted it into the primary residence of the French kings. The building was redesigned and extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his househ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleonic Looting
Napoleonic looting of art () was a series of confiscations of artworks and precious objects carried out by the French Army or French officials in the conquered territories of the French First Republic, French Republic and First French Empire, Empire, including the Italian Peninsula, Spain, Portugal, the Low Countries, and Central Europe. The looting began around 1794 and continued through Napoleon, Napoleon I's rule of France, until the Congress of Vienna in 1815 ordered the restitution of the works. During the Napoleonic era, an unknown but immense quantity of art was acquired, destroyed, or lost through treaties, public auctions, and unsanctioned seizures. Coins and objects made of precious metals, such as the ''Jewel of Vicenza'' and the bucentaur, the Venetian state barge, were melted down for easier sale and transport, to finance French military wages. In the confusion, many artworks and manuscripts were lost in transit or broken into pieces, which were often never reunited, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giotto
Giotto di Bondone (; – January 8, 1337), known mononymously as Giotto, was an List of Italian painters, Italian painter and architect from Florence during the Late Middle Ages. He worked during the International Gothic, Gothic and Italian Renaissance painting#Proto-Renaissance painting, Proto-Renaissance period. Giotto's contemporary, the banker and chronicler Giovanni Villani, wrote that Giotto was "the most sovereign master of painting in his time, who drew all his figures and their postures according to nature" and of his publicly recognized "talent and excellence".Bartlett, Kenneth R. (1992). ''The Civilization of the Italian Renaissance''. Toronto: D.C. Heath and Company. (Paperback). p. 37. Giorgio Vasari described Giotto as making a decisive break from the prevalent Byzantine art, Byzantine style and as initiating "the great art of painting as we know it today, introducing the technique of drawing accurately from life, which had been neglected for more than two hundred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Francis Receiving The Stigmata (Giotto)
''Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata'' is a panel painting in tempera by the Italian artist Giotto, painted around 1295–1300 for the Church of Saint Francis in Pisa and it is now in the Musée du Louvre in Paris. It shows an episode from the life of Saint Francis of Assisi, and is 314 cm high (to the top of the triangule) by 162 cm wide. It is signed OPUS IOCTI FLORENTINI ("Work of Florentine Giotto"). History In his ''Le Vite'', Giorgio Vasari mentions the work in a transept chapel of the church of San Francesco in Pisa. Despite having been disputed, the work is now generally recognized to be by Giotto, being also signed; it has been dated from shortly before or after the '' Stories of St. Francis'' in Assisi, around 1295–1300. In 1813 it became property of the Louvre (inv. 309), as part of the Napoleonic looting of art in Italy, together with Cimabue's ''Maestà'', also from San Francesco. Jean Baptise Henraux took it, due to the interest of Dominique Vivant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Francesco, Pisa
San Francesco de' Ferri is a church in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy. Mentioned for the first time in a document from 1233, the church was rebuilt starting from 1261 by will of archbishop Federico Visconti. The church was under the patronage of the Pisane noble families, who owned a series of private chapels for their burials; the Franciscan were limited to the administration of the cult. The works, directed by Giovanni di Simone, ended in 1270 and included also the slender bell tower. The marble façade is from 1603. The interior was revamped in the same age, with paintings by Jacopo da Empoli, Domenico Passignano and Santi di Tito. In the transept are frescoes by Taddeo Gaddi (1342-1345), Galileo Chini (20th century) and an altar frontal by Tommaso Pisano (late 14th century). The sacristy has frescoes by Taddeo di Bartolo (1397) with ''Histories of Mary'', while the Capitolium Hall has frescoes by Niccolò di Pietro Gerini with ''Histories of the life of Christ'' (1392). The rect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisa
Pisa ( ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) in Tuscany, Central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the city contains more than twenty other historic churches, several medieval palaces, and bridges across the Arno. Much of the city's architecture was financed from its history as one of the Italian maritime republics. The city is also home to the University of Pisa, which has a history going back to the 12th century, the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, founded by Napoleon in 1810, and its offshoot, the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies.Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna di Pisa Information statistics History ...
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Santa Trinita Maestà
The ''Santa Trinita Maestà'' (Italian: ''Maestà di Santa Trinita'') is a panel painting by the Italian medieval artist Cimabue, dating to -1292. Originally painted for the church of Santa Trinita, Florence, where it remained until 1471, it is now in the Uffizi, Uffizi Gallery of Florence, Italy. It represents the Maestà, Madonna enthroned with the Baby Jesus and surrounded by eight angels and, below, four half portraits of prophets. History The commissioning client of the painting is unknown, but they could have been a member of the order of Vallombrosians, who governed the Santa Trinita at the time, or a member of another religious order that intended the painting for another destination. According to Giorgio Vasari, Vasari's testimony in his ''Lives'', the work remained at the Santa Trinita until 1471, when it was replaced by the ''Trinitá'' of Alesso Baldovinetti and transferred to a side chapel of the church, since it was less respected than the newer Renaissance paint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilica Of San Francesco Di Assisi
The Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi (; ) is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Order of Friars Minor Conventual in Assisi, a town in the Umbria region in central Italy, where Saint Francis was born and died. It is a papal minor basilica and one of the most important places of Christian pilgrimage in Italy. With its accompanying friary, Sacro Convento, the basilica is a distinctive landmark to those approaching Assisi. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. The basilica, which was begun in 1228, is built into the side of a hill and comprises two churches (known as the Upper Church and the Lower Church) and a crypt, where the remains of the saint are interred. The interior of the Upper Church is an important early example of the Gothic style in Italy. The Upper and Lower Churches are decorated with frescoes by numerous late medieval painters from the Roman and Tuscan schools, and include works by Cimabue, Giotto, Simone Martini, Pietro Lorenzetti, and possibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duccio Di Buoninsegna
Duccio di Buoninsegna ( , ; – ), commonly known as just Duccio, was an Italian painter active in Siena, Tuscany, in the late 13th and early 14th century. He was hired throughout his life to complete many important works in government and religious buildings around Italy. Duccio is considered one of the greatest Italian painters of the Middle Ages,Duccio ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. and is credited with creating the painting styles of Gothic style and the Sienese school. Biography Although much is still unconfirmed about Duccio ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rucellai Maestà
The ''Rucellai Madonna'' is a panel painting representing the Virgin and Child enthroned with Angels by the Sienese list of Italian painters, painter Duccio, Duccio di Buoninsegna. The original contract for the work is dated 1285; the painting was probably delivered in 1286. The painting was commissioned by the Laudesi confraternity of Florence to decorate the chapel they maintained in the Dominican Order, Dominican church of Santa Maria Novella (in 1591, the painting was moved to the adjacent, much larger Rucellai family chapel, hence the modern title of convenience). It was transferred to the Uffizi, Galleria degli Uffizi in the 19th century. The ''Rucellai Madonna'' is the largest 13th-century panel painting extant. History The ''Rucellai Madonna'' is the earlier of the two works by Duccio for which there is written documentation (the other is the ''Maestà (Duccio), Maestà'' of 1308–11). The altarpiece was commissioned by the ''Compagnia dei Laudesi'', a lay confraternity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1280s Paintings
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
