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Luteostriata Graffi
''Luteostriata graffi'' is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. Description ''Luteostriata graffi'' is a relatively small land planarian, reaching up to in length when crawling. The dorsal color is gold-yellow with five black longitudinal stripes: one median, two paramedian and two lateral, the median being the thinnest and the paramedian the broadest. The anterior end has a slight orange tinge and the ventral side is yellowish white. Etymology The specific epithet ''graffi'' honors the zoologist Ludwig von Graff, who first described the species, but misidentified it as ''Geoplana marginata'' Schultze & Müller, 1858. Distribution ''Luteostrata graffi'' is known to occur in areas of Araucaria moist forest and Seasonal forests in the northeastern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It occurs in the São Francisco de Paula National Forest and in the Aparados da Serra National Park The Aparados da Serra National Park ( pt, Parque Nacional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animalia
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described—of which around 1 million are insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a bilaterally symmetric body plan. The Bilateria include the protostomes, containing animals such as nematodes, arthropods, flatworms, annelids and molluscs, and the deuterostomes, containing the echinode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritz Müller
Johann Friedrich Theodor Müller (31 March 1822 – 21 May 1897), better known as Fritz Müller, and also as Müller-Desterro, was a German biologist who emigrated to southern Brazil, where he lived in and near the German community of Blumenau, Santa Catarina. There he studied the natural history of the Atlantic forest south of São Paulo, and was an early advocate of Darwinism. He lived in Brazil for the rest of his life. ''Müllerian mimicry'' is named after him.West, David A. 2003. ''Fritz Müller: a naturalist in Brazil''. Blacksburg: Pocahontas Press. Life Müller was born in the village of Windischholzhausen, near Erfurt in Thuringia, Germany, the son of a minister. Müller had what would be seen today as a normal scientific education at the universities of Berlin (earning a BSc in Botany) and Greifswald, culminating in a doctoral degree in Biology. He subsequently decided to study medicine. As a medical student, he began to question religion and in 1846 became an athei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Francisco De Paula National Forest
The São Francisco de Paula National Forest ( pt, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula) is a national forest in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Origins Decree law 3.124 of 19 March 1941 created the National Pine Institute (Instituto Nacional do Pinho), a federal agency concerned with pine trees. Among its duties it created what would become the national forests of the south and south-east of Brazil. By ordinance 561 of 25 October 1968 these became the forest parks of the National Pine Institute, and were classed as national forests under the Forest Code of 1965. Location The São Francisco de Paula National Forest is in the Atlantic Forest biome. It has an area of . It is located in the municipality of São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul. *Altitudes range from . *Average annual rainfall is . *Average temperature is . The National Pine Institute planted zones of reforestation with exotic species. Half the area is native Atlantic forest. More than 20 en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Grande Do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul (, , ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative_units_of_Brazil#List, fifth-most-populous state and the List of Brazilian states by area, ninth largest by area. Located in the southernmost part of the country, Rio Grande do Sul is bordered clockwise by Santa Catarina (state), Santa Catarina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Uruguayan Departments of Uruguay, departments of Rocha Department, Rocha, Treinta y Tres Department, Treinta y Tres, Cerro Largo Department, Cerro Largo, Rivera Department, Rivera and Artigas Department, Artigas to the south and southwest, and the Argentina, Argentine Provinces of Argentina, provinces of Corrientes Province, Corrientes and Misiones Province, Misiones to the west and northwest. The capital and largest city is Porto Alegre. The state has the highest life expectancy in Brazil, and the crime rate i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araucaria Moist Forest
The Araucaria moist forests, officially classified as mixed ombrophilous forest (Portuguese: "Floresta Ombrófila Mista") in Brazil, are a montane subtropical moist forest ecoregion. The forest ecosystem is located in southern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. The ecoregion is a southern portion of the Atlantic Forest. The ecoregion also includes select areas of open field called "campos de cima da serra" or "coxilhas" (highland fields). Setting The moist forests cover an area of , encompassing a region of mountains and plateaus in the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, and extending into Misiones Province of Argentina. The ecoregion lies above , rising to elevation on the high slopes of the Serra Geral. The ecoregion is bounded by the Alto Paraná Atlantic forests to the north, west, and south, the Cerrado savannas and shrublands to the northeast, The Serra do Mar coastal forests to the east, and the Uruguayan savanna to the sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Von Graff
Ludwig Graff de Pancsova (2 January 1851 – 6 February 1924), known as Ludwig von Graff, was an Austrian zoologist born in Pancsova. In 1871, he received his medical degree in Vienna, afterwards studying zoology at the University of Graz. In 1872, he was an assistant at the zoological institute in Strasbourg, where he worked closely with Eduard Oscar Schmidt (1823–1886). In 1873, he relocated to Munich as an assistant to Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold (1804–1885), gaining his habilitation during the following year. In 1876, he became a professor at the Academy of Forestry in Aschaffenburg, and from 1884 was a professor of zoology at the University of Graz. Here, he expanded the institute of zoology and its library. In 1896-97, he was rector of the university. Graff was a leading expert on Turbellaria (flatworms), especially remembered for research of its morphology and biological systematics. He gathered material for his studies on numerous expeditions, which included journe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert E
The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honour, praise, renown" and ''berht'' "bright, light, shining"). It is the second most frequently used given name of ancient Germanic origin. It is also in use as a surname. Another commonly used form of the name is Rupert. After becoming widely used in Continental Europe it entered England in its Old French form ''Robert'', where an Old English cognate form (''Hrēodbēorht'', ''Hrodberht'', ''Hrēodbēorð'', ''Hrœdbœrð'', ''Hrœdberð'', ''Hrōðberχtŕ'') had existed before the Norman Conquest. The feminine version is Roberta. The Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish form is Roberto. Robert is also a common name in many Germanic languages, including English, German, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish, Scots, Danish, and Icelandic. It can be use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Schultze
Max Johann Sigismund Schultze (25 March 1825 – 16 January 1874) was a German microscopic anatomist noted for his work on cell theory. Biography Schultze was born in Freiburg im Breisgau (Baden). He studied medicine at Greifswald and Berlin, and was appointed an associate professor of anatomy at Halle in 1854. Five years later he became a full professor of anatomy and histology and director of the Anatomical Institute at the University of Bonn. He died in Bonn on 16 January 1874; his successor at the anatomical institute being Adolph von La Valette-St. George. He was the older brother of obstetrician Bernhard Sigmund Schultze (1827–1919). He founded, in 1865, and edited the important "''Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie''", to which he contributed many papers, and he advanced the subject generally, by refining on its technical methods. His works included: *''Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Turbellarien'' (1851). *''Uber den Organismus der Polythalamien'' (1854). *''Beitr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platyhelminthes
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek language, Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a Phylum (biology), phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, Segmentation (biology), unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates. Unlike other bilaterians, they are acoelomates (having no coelom, body cavity), and have no specialized circulatory system, circulatory and respiratory system, respiratory organ (anatomy), organs, which restricts them to having flattened shapes that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by diffusion. The digestive cavity has only one opening for both ingestion (intake of nutrients) and egestion (removal of undigested wastes); as a result, the food cannot be processed continuously. In traditional medicinal texts, Platyhelminthes are divided into Turbellaria, which are mostly non-parasitic animals such as planarians, and three entirely p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudóxia Maria Froehlich
Eudóxia Maria Froehlich (21 October 1928 – 26 September 2015) was a Brazilian zoologist. Life Born in 1928, Eudóxia Maria de Oliveira Pinto was the daughter of Alice Alves de Camargo and the ornithologist Olivério Mário de Oliveira Pinto. Since she was a child, her parents used to take her and her siblings to the wooded areas near São Paulo, which helped her to become interested in zoology, especially small animals.Carbayo, F. (2013) "Vida de Zoólogo: Eudóxia Maria Froehlich." ''Informativo da Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia'' 106: 7–10. After finishing High School, she spent six months in Rio de Janeiro with an uncle who was a physician and returned home interested in studying medicine. Her father did not approve the idea, considering it an inappropriate career for a woman, and suggested her to study natural history and so she did. During this time she became engaged to Claudio Gilberto Froehlich, one of her colleagues. In 1951 she and Froehlich started their doct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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