|
Lohar
Lohar is a social group in India, Nepal and Pakistan. They are associated with iron smelting work. They form part of a loose grouping of traditionally artisanal castes known as Panchals. Lohars worship Lord Vishwakarma and other Hindu gods and claim to be Vishwakarma's descendants. Lohar caste is included in OBC in different parts of India. Regional synonyms include Vishwakarma and Saifi/Tarkhan (for Muslims). Names Lohar are known by varied surnames in different regions. * Assam: Lohar, Karmakar, Vishwakarma * Andhra Pradesh: VishwaBrahmins,Lohar, Achari, Chary, and Acharya * Bengal: Lohar, Karmakar, Raut, Majhi, Dandamajhi, Dalui, Sutar * Bihar and Uttar Pradesh: Lohar‚ Sharma, Vishwakarma and Thakur * Jammu and Punjab : Lohar, Verma, Tarkhan, Mistri * Delhi: Lohar, Panchal * Haryana: Lohar, Dhalwal, Tanwar, Panwar, Solanki, Chauhan, Dangi, Karhera, Dharra, Bhavra, Siwal, Panchal, Bhardwaj, pitlehra *Jharkhand: Lohar, Lohra, Lohara * karnataka : Lohar, kammara, Achari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. The state was formed on 15 November 2000, after carving out what was previously the southern half of Bihar. Jharkhand suffers from what is sometimes termed a resource curse: it accounts for more than 40% of the mineral resources of India, but 39.1% of its population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of children under five years of age are malnourished. Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haryana
Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land area. The state capital is Chandigarh, which it shares with the neighboring state of Punjab, and the most populous city is Faridabad, which is a part of the National Capital Region (India), National Capital Region. The city of Gurugram is among India's largest financial and technology hubs. Haryana has 6 Divisions of Haryana, administrative divisions, 22 List of districts of Haryana, districts, 72 sub-divisions, 93 tehsil, revenue tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils, 140 Community development block in India, community development blocks, 154 List of cities in Haryana by population, cities and towns, 7,356 villages, and 6,222 Gram panchayat, villages panchayats. Haryana contains 32 special economic zones (SEZs), mainly located within the industrial corri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjab
Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northwestern India. Punjab's capital and largest city and historical and cultural centre is Lahore. The other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Sialkot, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, and Bahawalpur. Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley civilization, dating back to 3000 BCE, and had numerous migrations by the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the major economic feature of the Punjab and has therefore formed the foundation of Punjabi culture, with one's social status being determined by land ownership. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lohra (tribe)
Lohra is a community found in Jharkhand. They are traditionally associated with works of iron smelting. History Histrorians have no idea from which period the Lohra are residing in Chotanagpur plateau. There is also no oral or folklore about the origin of Lohra. The use of iron tool and pottery spread in the Chotanagpur region during 1400 to 800 BCE according to carbon dating of iron slag, sickle and wheel made pottery which was found in Barudih of Singhbhum district. According to carbon dating, Iron celt was dated to 1200 BCE. Distribution They are mainly distributed in the state of Jharkhand in district of Ranchi, Simdega, Gumla, Lohardaga, Singhbhum, Hazaribagh, Palamu, Dhanbad, Bokaro, Giridih district. There population in Jharkhand is 2,16,226. Subgroups Loharas are divided into two subgroups i.e Kanujia Lohra, who are migrants from Bihar, and the indigenous Kol Lohra or Nagpuria Lohra. The Nagpuria Lohra are further divided into two groups i.e Sad Kamar and Lohra. Sad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saifi
The Muslim Saifi, or sometimes pronounced Barhai are Muslim community, found in North India. They are also known as Saifi which denotes the Muslim sub-caste of blacksmiths and carpenters. A small number are also found in the Terai region of Nepal. The community is also sometimes referred to as Saifi or Tarkhan descendent of Tarkhan Dynasty of Sindh Pakistan.''People of India Uttar Pradesh'', Volume XLII Part One, edited by A Hasan & J C Das, pp. 190-193. Origin The community derive their name from the word ''barhai'', which means carpenter in Hindi. According to their own traditions, they are descended from early Muslim settlers to India. It is however likely, that they are immigrant from the Central Asia.They are also known as Tarkhan. In Uttar Pradesh, the Barhai/ Saifi have two sub-divisions, the Tarkhan and the Multani or immigrants from Multan known as Multani Lohar Each of these two groups in endogamous. They are found mainly in the Doab and Rohilkhand regions, and speak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panchal
Panchal or Panchal Brahmin is a collective term for a variable range of Artisanal Indian caste groups who are Brahmins. According to Louis Dumont, it is derived from the word ''panch'', meaning ''five'', and refers to communities that have traditionally worked as blacksmiths, carpenters, goldsmiths, stonemasons and coppersmith. These groups include the Lohars and Suthars of South India. David Mandelbaum noted that the name had been assumed by the blacksmiths, carpenters, coppersmiths, goldsmiths and stonemasons of South India as a means towards achieving social upliftment, calling themselves ''Panchala'' and they are Brahmins who descend from Vishwakarma Vishvakarma or Vishvakarman ( sa, विश्वकर्मा, Viśvakarmā, all maker) is a craftsman deity and the divine architect of the devas in contemporary Hinduism. In the early texts, the craftsman deity was known as Tvastar and the .... They do, however, believe that they are equal among themselves: they percei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vishvakarma
Vishvakarma or Vishvakarman ( sa, विश्वकर्मा, Viśvakarmā, all maker) is a craftsman deity and the divine architect of the devas in contemporary Hinduism. In the early texts, the craftsman deity was known as Tvastar and the word "Vishvakarma" was originally used as an epithet for any powerful deity. However, in many later traditions, Vishvakarma became the name of the craftsman god. Vishvakarma crafted all of the chariots of the devas and weapons including the ''Vajra'' of the god Indra. Vishvakarma was related to the sun god Surya through his daughter Samjna. According to the legend, when Samjna left her house due to Surya's energy, Vishvakarma reduced the energy and created various other weapons using it. Vishvakarma also built various cities like Lanka, Dvaraka, and Indraprastha. According to the epic ''Ramayana'', the ''vanara'' (forest-man or monkey) Nala was the son of Vishvakarma, created to aid the avatar Rama. Literature and legends Vedas The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vishwakarma (caste)
The Vishwakarma community, also known as the Vishwabrahmin although having no general connection to the Brahmins, they use the term 'Brahmin' at the end of their community name. Vishwakarma are a social group of India, sometimes described as a caste. The community comprises five sub-groups carpenters, blacksmiths, bronze smiths, goldsmiths and stonemasons claim to be descendants of Vishvakarma, the builder and architect of heavenly realm, a Hindu deity. Origin myths The community claims to be descended from the god Vishvakarma, who is considered by Hindus to be the divine architect or engineer of the universe. He had five children — Manu, Maya, Tvastar, Shilpi and Visvajna — and these are believed by the Vishwakarma community to have been the forebears of their five sub-groups, being respectively the gotras (clans) of blacksmiths, carpenters, bell metalworkers (metal casters), stonemasons and goldsmiths. It is not known whether these five subgroups historically pra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarkhan (Punjab)
The Tarkhan is a large Clan commonly found in the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. They are traditionally carpenters by occupation. The Hindu members of this clan are generally identified as Khatis, Suthars or Lohars following the Vishwakarma community of India. Whereas, Tarkhan Sikhs are among those groups who are identified as Ramgarhias, after the Misl leader Jassa Singh Ramgarhia. According to the 1921 census of India, which may not be reliable, some Tarkhan Sikhs owned large areas of land and, in some cases, whole villages. Despite Sikhism generally rejecting the caste system, it does have its own very similar socio-economic hierarchy and in that the Ramgarhias, of which the Tarkhans are a part, now rank second only to the Jat Sikhs, thanks to significant economic and social power that elevated this middle class group from its high caste confines. In 2001, the Punjab Government included Ramgarhia, Tarkhan and Dhiman in the list of Other Backward Classes (OBC) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerala
Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South Canara, and Thiruvithamkoor. Spread over , Kerala is the 21st largest Indian state by area. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33 million inhabitants as per the 2011 census, Kerala is the 13th-largest Indian state by population. It is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state. The Chera dynasty was the first prominent kingdom based in Kerala. The Ay kingdom in the deep south and the Ezhimala kingdom in the north formed the other kingdoms in the early years of the Common Era (CE). The region had been a prominent spic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnataka'' in 1973. The state corresponds to the Carnatic region. Its capital and largest city is Bengaluru. Karnataka is bordered by the Lakshadweep Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the northeast, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. It is the only southern state to have land borders with all of the other four southern Indian sister states. The state covers an area of , or 5.83 percent of the total geographical area of India. It is the sixth-largest Indian state by area. With 61,130,704 inhabitants at the 2011 census, Karnataka is the eighth-largest state by population, comprising 31 districts. Kannada, one of the classical languages of India, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kammara
The Kammara are blacksmiths since ancient times, situated in the state of Karnataka in India. The name Kammāra/kammar (in Prakrit/pali/kannada) / Karmāra (in Sanskrit) means a smith, artist, mechanic, craftsman, sculptor, blacksmith; a maker of tools and weapons (Mar. śikalagāra); ततः संधाय विमलान् भल्लान् कर्मारमार्जितान् (tataḥ saṃdhāya vimalān bhallān karmāramārjitān). Since Vedic times they are masters in metallurgy and craftsmanship. Owing to their usefulness they were held in great esteem by the people and king alike. They worship goddess Kali and Lord Vishwakarma Vishvakarma or Vishvakarman ( sa, विश्वकर्मा, Viśvakarmā, all maker) is a craftsman deity and the divine architect of the devas in contemporary Hinduism. In the early texts, the craftsman deity was known as Tvastar and the .... Their services were in great demand by everyone since ancient times, fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
