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List Of AMD Sempron Processors
The Sempron is a name used for AMD's low-end CPUs, replacing the Duron processor. The name was introduced in 2004, and processors with this name continued to be available for the FM2/FM2+ socket in 2015. Features overview CPU features table Desktop processors Sempron "Thoroughbred-B" (Socket A, 130 nm, Model 8) * All models support: '' MMX, SSE, Enhanced 3DNow!'' "Thorton" (Socket A, 130 nm, Model 10) * All models support: '' MMX, SSE, Enhanced 3DNow!'' "Barton" (Socket A, 130 nm, Model 10) * All models support: '' MMX, Extended MMX, SSE, 3DNow!, Enhanced 3DNow!'' "Paris" (Socket 754, CG, 130 nm) * All models support: '' MMX, SSE, SSE2, Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit'' "Palermo" (Socket 754, D0, E3 & E6, 90 nm) * All models support: '' MMX, SSE, SSE2, Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit'' * ''SSE3'' supported by: all models with an OPN ending in BO and BX * ''AMD64'' supported by: all models with an OPN ending in BX and CV * ''Cool'n'Quiet'' supported by: 3000+ and higher models ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sempron
Sempron has been the marketing name used by AMD for several different budget desktop CPUs, using several different technologies and CPU socket formats. The Sempron replaced the AMD Duron processor and competed against Intel's Celeron series of processors. AMD coined the name from the Latin '' semper'', which means "always", to suggest the Sempron is suitable for "daily use, practical, and part of everyday life". The last Semprons were launched in April 2014. The brand was retired with the launch of the AMD A-Series APUs. History and features The first Sempron CPUs were based on the Athlon XP architecture using the ''Thoroughbred'' or ''Thorton'' core. These models were equipped with the Socket A interface, 256 KiB L2 cache and 166 MHz Front side bus (FSB 333). Thoroughbred cores natively had 256 KiB L2 cache, but Thortons had 512 KiB L2 cache, half of which was disabled and could sometimes be reactivated with a slight physical modification to the chip. Later, AM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AMD64
x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first released in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging mode. With 64-bit mode and the new paging mode, it supports vastly larger amounts of virtual memory and physical memory than was possible on its 32-bit predecessors, allowing programs to store larger amounts of data in memory. x86-64 also expands general-purpose registers to 64-bit, and expands the number of them from 8 (some of which had limited or fixed functionality, e.g. for stack management) to 16 (fully general), and provides numerous other enhancements. Floating-point arithmetic is supported via mandatory SSE2-like instructions, and x87/ MMX style registers are generally not used (but still available even in 64-bit mode); instead, a set of 16 vector registers, 128 bits each, is used. (Each register can store one or two double-preci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advanced Vector Extensions
Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) are extensions to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessors from Intel and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). They were proposed by Intel in March 2008 and first supported by Intel with the Sandy Bridge processor shipping in Q1 2011 and later by AMD with the Bulldozer processor shipping in Q3 2011. AVX provides new features, new instructions and a new coding scheme. AVX2 (also known as Haswell New Instructions) expands most integer commands to 256 bits and introduces new instructions. They were first supported by Intel with the Haswell processor, which shipped in 2013. AVX-512 expands AVX to 512-bit support using a new EVEX prefix encoding proposed by Intel in July 2013 and first supported by Intel with the Knights Landing co-processor, which shipped in 2016. In conventional processors, AVX-512 was introduced with Skylake server and HEDT processors in 2017. Advanced Vector Extensions AVX uses sixteen YMM registers to perform a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CLMUL Instruction Set
Carry-less Multiplication (CLMUL) is an extension to the x86 instruction set used by microprocessors from Intel and AMD which was proposed by Intel in March 2008 and made available in the Intel Westmere processors announced in early 2010. Mathematically, the instruction implements multiplication of polynomials over the finite field GF(2) where the bitstring a_0a_1\ldots a_ represents the polynomial a_0 + a_1X + a_2X^2 + \cdots + a_X^. The CLMUL instruction also allows a more efficient implementation of the closely related multiplication of larger finite fields GF(2''k'') than the traditional instruction set. One use of these instructions is to improve the speed of applications doing block cipher encryption in Galois/Counter Mode, which depends on finite field GF(2''k'') multiplication. Another application is the fast calculation of CRC values, including those used to implement the LZ77 sliding window DEFLATE algorithm in zlib and pngcrush. ARMv8 also has a version of CLMUL. SP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AES Instruction Set
An Advanced Encryption Standard instruction set is now integrated into many processors. The purpose of the instruction set is to improve the speed and security of applications performing encryption and decryption using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). They are often implemented as instructions implementing a single round of AES along with a special version for the last round which has a slightly different method. The side channel attack surface of AES is reduced when implemented in an instruction set, compared to when AES is implemented in software only. x86 architecture processors AES-NI (or the Intel Advanced Encryption Standard New Instructions; AES-NI) was the first major implementation. AES-NI is an extension to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessors from Intel and AMD proposed by Intel in March 2008. Instructions Intel The following Intel processors support the AES-NI instruction set: * Westmere based processors, specifically: ** Westmere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SSE4
SSE4 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 4) is a SIMD CPU instruction set used in the Intel Core microarchitecture and AMD K10 (K8L). It was announced on September 27, 2006, at the Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum, with vague details in a white paper; more precise details of 47 instructions became available at the Spring 2007 Intel Developer Forum in Beijing, in the presentation. SSE4 is fully compatible with software written for previous generations of Intel 64 and IA-32 architecture microprocessors. All existing software continues to run correctly without modification on microprocessors that incorporate SSE4, as well as in the presence of existing and new applications that incorporate SSE4. SSE4 subsets Intel SSE4 consists of 54 instructions. A subset consisting of 47 instructions, referred to as ''SSE4.1'' in some Intel documentation, is available in Penryn. Additionally, ''SSE4.2'', a second subset consisting of the 7 remaining instructions, is first available in Nehalem-based Core i7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SSSE3
Supplemental Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSSE3 or SSE3S) is a SIMD instruction set created by Intel and is the fourth iteration of the SSE technology. History SSSE3 was first introduced with Intel processors based on the Core microarchitecture on June 26, 2006 with the "Woodcrest" Xeons. SSSE3 has been referred to by the codenames Tejas New Instructions (TNI) or Merom New Instructions (MNI) for the first processor designs intended to support it. Functionality SSSE3 contains 16 new discrete instructions. Each instruction can act on 64-bit MMX or 128-bit XMM registers. Therefore, Intel's materials refer to 32 new instructions. They include: * Twelve instructions that perform horizontal addition or subtraction operations. * Six instructions that evaluate absolute values. * Two instructions that perform multiply-and-add operations and speed up the evaluation of dot products. * Two instructions that accelerate packed integer multiply operations and produce integer values with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socket FM2
Socket FM2 is a CPU socket used by AMD's desktop ''Trinity'' and ''Richland'' APUs to connect to the motherboard as well as Athlon X2 and Athlon X4 processors based on them. FM2 was launched on September 27, 2012. Motherboards which feature the at the time new FM2 CPU socket also utilize AMD's at the time new A85X chipset. The socket is very similar to FM1, based on a 31×31 grid of pins with a 5×7 central void, 3 pins missing from each corner, and a few additional key pins missing. Compared to Socket FM1, two key pins were moved, and one more is removed, leaving 904 pins. For available chipsets consult Fusion controller hubs (FCH). Steamroller-based "Kaveri" APUs are ''not'' supported, see Socket FM2+ (FM2r2) and Socket FP3 (BGA-???). Heatsink The 4 holes for fastening the heatsink to the motherboard are placed in a rectangle with lateral lengths of 48 mm and 96 mm for AMD's sockets Socket AM2, Socket AM2+, Socket AM3, Socket AM3+ AM3+ is a modifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AMD-V
x86 virtualization is the use of hardware-assisted virtualization capabilities on an x86/x86-64 CPU. In the late 1990s x86 virtualization was achieved by complex software techniques, necessary to compensate for the processor's lack of hardware-assisted virtualization capabilities while attaining reasonable performance. In 2005 and 2006, both Intel (VT-x) and AMD ( AMD-V) introduced limited hardware virtualization support that allowed simpler virtualization software but offered very few speed benefits. Greater hardware support, which allowed substantial speed improvements, came with later processor models. Software-based virtualization The following discussion focuses only on virtualization of the x86 architecture protected mode. In protected mode the operating system kernel runs at a higher privilege such as ring 0, and applications at a lower privilege such as ring 3. In software-based virtualization, a host OS has direct access to hardware while the guest OSs have limited ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bit Manipulation Instruction Sets
Bit manipulation instructions sets (BMI sets) are extensions to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessors from Intel and AMD. The purpose of these instruction sets is to improve the speed of bit manipulation. All the instructions in these sets are non-SIMD and operate only on general-purpose registers. There are two sets published by Intel: BMI (now referred to as BMI1) and BMI2; they were both introduced with the Haswell microarchitecture with BMI1 matching features offered by AMD's ABM instruction set and BMI2 extending them. Another two sets were published by AMD: ABM (''Advanced Bit Manipulation'', which is also a subset of SSE4a implemented by Intel as part of SSE4.2 and BMI1), and TBM (''Trailing Bit Manipulation'', an extension introduced with Piledriver-based processors as an extension to BMI1, but dropped again in Zen-based processors). ABM (Advanced Bit Manipulation) AMD was the first to introduce the instructions that now form Intel's BMI1 as part o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SSE4a
SSE4 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 4) is a SIMD CPU instruction set used in the Intel Core microarchitecture and AMD K10 (K8L). It was announced on September 27, 2006, at the Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum, with vague details in a white paper; more precise details of 47 instructions became available at the Spring 2007 Intel Developer Forum in Beijing, in the presentation. SSE4 is fully compatible with software written for previous generations of Intel 64 and IA-32 architecture microprocessors. All existing software continues to run correctly without modification on microprocessors that incorporate SSE4, as well as in the presence of existing and new applications that incorporate SSE4. SSE4 subsets Intel SSE4 consists of 54 instructions. A subset consisting of 47 instructions, referred to as ''SSE4.1'' in some Intel documentation, is available in Penryn. Additionally, ''SSE4.2'', a second subset consisting of the 7 remaining instructions, is first available in Nehalem-based Core i7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socket AM3
Socket AM3 is a CPU socket for AMD processors. AM3 was launched on February 9, 2009 as the successor to Socket AM2+, alongside the initial grouping of Phenom II processors designed for it. The sole principal change from AM2+ to AM3 is support for DDR3 SDRAM. The fastest CPU for socket AM3 is the Phenom II X6 1100T. Like the previous AMD socket, the "AM3 Processor Functional Data Sheet" (AMD document number 40778) has not been made publicly available. The "Family 10h AMD Phenom™ Processor Product Data Sheet" (document 446878) has, but contains only a brief list of features of the Phenom, and does not contain any substantive technical data regarding socket AM3. Compatibility Socket AM3 breaks compatibility with AM2/AM2+ processors due to a subtle change in key placement. The AM3 socket has 941 pin contacts in a different layout while AM2+ processors have 940 pins. Tom's Hardware removed the two obstructing key pins from an AM2+ Phenom processor in order to fit it into an AM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
