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Great Hungary
{{Expand French, Magna Hungaria, date=June 2022 Magna Hungaria ( la, Magna Hungaria, Hungaria maior, pl, Wielkie Węgry), literally "Great Hungary" or "Ancient Hungary", refers to the ancestral home of the Hungarians. Magna Hungaria was mentioned by the thirteenth-century Franciscan Giovanni da Plano Carpini in his reports of his travels in northern and central Asia. Friar Julian also visited Magna Hungaria in the interest of finding the Eastern Hungarians. According to the most common version, Magna Hungaria was in the forest-steppe regions of Bashkortostan, in the area of the Kushnarenkovo Kushnarenkovo (russian: Кушнаре́нково, ba, Кушнаренко, translit=Kuşnarenko) is a rural locality (a '' selo'') and the administrative center of Kushnarenkovsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia Rus ... and Karayakupovo cultures, in the region of the Southern Urals. Literature # Аннинский С. А. Известия венгер ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west. Hungary has a population of nearly 9 million, mostly ethnic Hungarians and a significant Romani minority. Hungarian, the official language, is the world's most widely spoken Uralic language and among the few non-Indo-European languages widely spoken in Europe. Budapest is the country's capital and largest city; other major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs, and Győr. The territory of present-day Hungary has for centuries been a crossroads for various peoples, including Celts, Romans, Germanic tribes, Huns, West Slavs and the Avars. The foundation of the Hungarian state was established in the late 9th century AD with the conquest of the Carpathian Basin by Hungar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Uralic language family. There are an estimated 15 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2–3 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, and Austria. Significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in the United States, Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Chile, Brazil, Australia, and Argentina. Hungarians can be divided into several subgroups according to local linguistic and cultural characteristics; subgroups with distinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Hungary 1
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, art and material artifacts, and ecological markers. History is not complete and still has debatable mysteries. History is also an academic discipline which uses narrative to describe, examine, question, and analyze past events, and investigate their patterns of cause and effect. Historians often debate which narrative best explains an event, as well as the significance of different causes and effects. Historians also debate the nature of history as an end in itself, as well as its usefulness to give perspective on the problems of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Da Pian Del Carpine
Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, variously rendered in English as ''John of Pian de Carpine'', ''John of Plano Carpini'' or ''Joannes de Plano'' (c. 11851 August 1252), was a medieval Italian diplomat, archbishop and explorer and one of the first Europeans to enter the court of the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. He is the author of the earliest important Western account of northern and Central Asia, Rus, and other regions of the Mongol dominion. He was the Primate of Serbia, based in Antivari, from 1247 to 1252. Life before the journey Giovanni appears to have been a native of Umbria, in central Italy. His surname was derived from Pian del Carpine (literally "Hornbeam Plain"), an area known later as Magione, between Perugia and Cortona. He was one of the companions and disciples of his near-contemporary and countryman Saint Francis of Assisi. Highly esteemed within the Franciscan order, Giovanni had a prominent role in the propagation of its teachings in northern Europe, holdi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friar Julian
Friar Julian ( hu, Julianus barát) was one of a group of Hungarian Dominican friars who, in 1235, left Hungary in order to find those Magyars who — according to the chronicles — remained in the eastern homeland. After travelling a great distance, Friar Julian reached the capital of Volga Bulgaria, where he was told that the Magyars lived only two days' travel away. Julian found them, and despite the gap of at least 300–400 years since the split between the Magyars that invaded and settled in Pannonia and those that were found in Bashkiria, their language remained mutually intelligible, and they were able to communicate. Julian named the old country Magna Hungaria or Great Hungary. He became aware of stories about the Tatars, who were the enemies of the eastern Magyars and Bulgars. Two years after the original journey, Julian returned to Magna Hungaria, only to find it had been devastated by the Mongol Tatars. He returned to his kingdom with news of mortal danger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Hungarians
The term Eastern Hungarians ( hu, Keleti magyarok; or "Eastern Magyars") is used in scholarship to refer to peoples related to the Proto-Hungarians, that is, theoretically parts of the ancient community that remained in the vicinity of the Ural Mountains (at the European– Asian border) during the Migration Period and as such did not participate in the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. The possible locations of the remnants of Hungarians Yugra Yugra ( gr, Οὔγγροι) has been believed by some to have been the Hungarian ''Urheimat'' (homeland), which is today inhabited by the Mansi and Khanty, two related ethnic groups. Magna Hungaria The term "Eastern Hungarians" is also used in relation to the ''Magna Hungaria'' of Friar Julian ( 1235), located at Bashkortostan (the land of the Bashkirs), where Julian was able to communicate with the locals in his Hungarian language. Savard Hungarians According to Hungarian scholarship, there was a group of "Savard Hungari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bashkortostan
The Republic of Bashkortostan or Bashkortostan ( ba, Башҡортостан Республикаһы, Bashqortostan Respublikahy; russian: Республика Башкортостан, Respublika Bashkortostan),; russian: Респу́блика Башкортоста́н, r=Respublika Bashkortostan, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə bəʂkərtɐˈstan also unofficially called Bashkiria (russian: Башкирия, tr. Bashkiriya), is a republic of Russia located between the Volga and the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. It covers and has a population of 4 million. It is Russia's 7th most populous federal subject and most populous republic. Its capital and largest city is Ufa. Bashkortostan was established on .Национально-государственное устройство Башкортостана, 1917–1925 гг: Общее введение и Том 1 // Билал Хамитович Юлдашбаев, Китап, 2002, , 9785295029165Хрестоматия по и ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kushnarenkovo Culture
The Kushnarenkovo culture is an archaeological culture of the Iron Age in the Southern Ural. First described V. F. Gening on the basis of excavations carried out in 1955–1959 years in the cemetery in Kushnarenkovo (Bashkortostan). Localization in 6th-8th centuries on the territory of Belaya River (Kama), Zakamye, in the basins of Belaya River (Kama), White, Kama River, Kama and Ik River, Ik rivers. It is assumed that the culture came in the middle of VI. forest-steppe regions of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia. In the 8th century to the west of the Ural (region), Ural from other groups arose Karayakupovo culture. Archaeologists have found that the studied tribes at an early stage (in 6th-8th centuries) were buried under mounds, the heads to north. Skull buried - with signs of artificial deformation. Later, the head to the dead already oriented to the west. The burials of the remains of weapons, horse gear, a variety of jewelry and ceramics. A significant amount of pottery fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karayakupovo Culture
Karayakupovo culture was an archaeological culture in the Southern Ural. The researchers of Karayakupovo culture together with Kushnarenkovo archaeological culture think these the Ugrians, the ancestors of the Hungarians or ancient Bashkirs.Мажитов Н.А. Южный Урал в VII-XIV вв. М., 1977. Karayakupovo culture fits into the edge of the historic Bashkortostan 9th-10th centuries. Sometimes it is called the culture of early Bashkirs. The cultural dwellings Karayakupovskoe, Old Kalmashevskoe, Chatrinskoe, Taptykovskoe, Kushnarenkovskoe, Chukraklinskoe, Duvaneyskoe, Sasykulskoe, Davlekanovskiy etc. settlements. Area of the dwellings of 1 000 square meters. They are located on high ground, were reinforced by one or two low walls and moats. Ritual cremation The culture is also represented by earthen mounds with a diameter of 8–10 m and a height of 40–60 cm over the graves. Near the graves and within them there are traces of ritual burial horse (skins, hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Ural
Southern Ural - the south, the widest part of the Ural Mountains, stretches from the river Ufa (near the village of Lower Ufaley) to the Ural River. From the west and east the Southern Ural is limited to the East European, West Siberian Plain and the steppes near Aral Sea and Caspian sea. Geography The relief of the Southern Urals is complex, with numerous valleys and parallel ridges directed south-west and meridionally. The range includes the Ilmensky Mountains separated from the main ridges by the Miass River. The maximum height is (Mount Yamantau) and the width reaches . Other notable peaks lie along the Iremel mountain ridge (Bolshoy Iremel and Maly Iremel), the Nurgush, highest point , and the Nakas, highest point . The Southern Urals extend some up to the sharp westward bend of the Ural River and terminate in the wide Mugodzhar Hills. The foothills of the Southern Urals extend up to with an average width between and . The Southern Urals include lakes such as Zyuratkul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Prehistory
Hungarian prehistory ( hu, magyar őstörténet) spans the period of history of the Hungarian people, or Magyars, which started with the separation of the Hungarian language from other Finno-Ugric or Ugric languages around , and ended with the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around . Based on the earliest records of the Magyars in Byzantine, Western European, and Hungarian chronicles, scholars considered them for centuries to have been the descendants of the ancient Scythians and Huns. This historiographical tradition disappeared from mainstream history after the realization of similarities between the Hungarian language and the Uralic languages in the late . Thereafter, linguistics became the principal source of the study of the Hungarians' ethnogenesis. In addition, chronicles written between the , the results of archaeological research and folklore analogies provide information on the Magyars' early history. Study of pollen in fossils based on cognate words for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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