Karayakupovo culture was an archaeological culture in the

Southern Ural Southern Ural - the south, the widest part of the Ural Mountains, stretches from the river Ufa (near the village of Lower Ufaley) to the Ural River. From the west and east the Southern Ural is limited to the East European, West Siberian Plain and ...

. The researchers of Karayakupovo culture together with Kushnarenkovo archaeological culture think these the

Ugrians Historically, the Ugrians or Ugors were the ancestors of the Hungarians of Central Europe, and the Khanty and Mansi people of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia. The name is sometimes also used in a modern context as a cover term for th ...

, the ancestors of the

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...

or ancient

Bashkirs , native_name_lang = bak , flag = File:Bashkirs of Baymak rayon.jpg , flag_caption = Bashkirs of Baymak in traditional dress , image = , caption = , population = approx. 2 million , popplace ...

.Мажитов Н.А. Южный Урал в VII-XIV вв. М., 1977. Karayakupovo culture fits into the edge of the historic

Bashkortostan The Republic of Bashkortostan or Bashkortostan ( ba, Башҡортостан Республикаһы, Bashqortostan Respublikahy; russian: Республика Башкортостан, Respublika Bashkortostan),; russian: Респу́блик� ...

9th-10th centuries. Sometimes it is called the culture of early Bashkirs.

The cultural dwellings

Karayakupovskoe, Old Kalmashevskoe, Chatrinskoe, Taptykovskoe, Kushnarenkovskoe, Chukraklinskoe, Duvaneyskoe, Sasykulskoe, Davlekanovskiy etc. settlements. Area of the dwellings of 1 000 square meters. They are located on high ground, were reinforced by one or two low walls and moats.

Ritual cremation

The culture is also represented by earthen mounds with a diameter of 8–10 m and a height of 40–60 cm over the graves. Near the graves and within them there are traces of ritual burial horse (skins, heads and four legs). People were buried in wooden coffins. The bottom is littered coffins, woolen cloth. Coffins before lowering into the grave for holding of the fire. This simulated ritual

cremation Cremation is a method of Disposal of human corpses, final disposition of a Cadaver, dead body through Combustion, burning. Cremation may serve as a funeral or post-funeral rite and as an alternative to burial. In some countries, including India ...

. The feet of the dead is often associated with ropes - to the dead man could not stand up and do harm to survivors. On the coffin and put leather bridle sets. Sometimes near the grave dug pits for placing caches in them saddle and bridle sets.

Literature

# История башкирского народа : в 7 т./ гл. ред. М.М. Кульшарипов ; Институт истории, языка и литературы УНЦ РАН. Уфа.: изд. Гилем, 2012. - 400 с.: ил. - . т. 2. – 2012. – # Иванов В.А. Путями степных кочевий. Уфа, Башкнижиздат, 1984, С. 38-58. # Васюткин С.М. Некоторые спорные вопросы археологии Башкирии. СА, №1, 1968, с. 69-71; Археологическая карта Башкирии. М., 1976, с. 31, 32. # Мажитов Н.А. Новые материалы о ранней истории башкир. Уфа, АЭБ, Т.2, 1964б, с. 104-108; 1968, с. 69, 70. # Матвеева Г.И., 1968а, 1975; Мажитов Н.А. Южный Урал в VII-XIV вв. Москва, 1977, с. 60-74. # Мажитов Н.А. Курганный могильник в деревне Ново-Турбаслы//Башкирский археологический сборник. Уфа, 1959, с. 125, рис. 3; Матвеева Г.И., 1968б, рис. 19. # Мажитов Н.А. Бахмутинская культура. М., 1968, табл. 26. # Мажитов Н.А. Южный Урал в VII-XIV вв. Москва, 1977, с. 63, 73, 74, табл. XXI, XXII. # Мажитов Н.А. Южный Урал в VII-XIV вв. Москва, 1977, с. 17, 19. # Ковалевская В.Б., Краснов Ю.А. Рецензия на книгу Эрдели//СА, №2, 1973, с. 287; Амброз А.К. Рецензия на книгу Эрдели//СА, №2, 1973б, с. 297. # Матвеева Г.И. Памятники караякуповского типа в Приуралье//Из истории Среднего Поволжья и Приуралья. Куйбышев, вып.5, 1975, с. 19; Генинг В.Ф., 1972, с. 270-272. # Старостин П.Н. Памятники именьковской культуры//САИ, вып. Д1-32, 1967, с. 21, 26, табл. 13, 13, 15. # Генинг В.Ф. Азелинская культура III-V вв//Вопросы археологии Урала. Ижевск, вып.5, 1963, с. 26, 27, табл. XXIV, 5. # Ахмеров Р. Б. Уфимские погребения VI-VIII вв. н.э. и их место в древней истории Башкирии//Древности Башкирии. М., 1951, с. 126-131.

References

{{Reflist Iron Age cultures Ugric peoples History of Ural Bashkir people