Freedom (Frudakis)
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Freedom (Frudakis)
''Freedom'' is a bronze public sculpture in the form of a large slab and a freestanding statue by American sculptor Zenos Frudakis, installed in 2000 outside the offices of GlaxoSmithKline in central Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The sculpture invites viewers to pose for a photograph in an empty cavity. Background The sculptor, Zenos Frudakis, wanted to create a sculpture centering around the idea of breaking free. The slab is said to represent freedom from all restrictions: mental, political, religious, and physical, and has been called a "visual metaphor for the process of transformation". Design The sculpture, completed in 2000 and dedicated on June 18, 2001, consists of a bronze slab weighing and a freestanding bronze statue. It is installed at ground level on a wall outside the Philadelphia offices of GlaxoSmithKline on Vine Street. ''Freedom'' centers around four human figures depicted in different stages of freeing themselves in the slab. The rightmost figure has bro ...
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Philadelphia
Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Since 1854, the city has been coextensive with Philadelphia County, the most populous county in Pennsylvania and the urban core of the Delaware Valley, the nation's seventh-largest and one of world's largest metropolitan regions, with 6.245 million residents . The city's population at the 2020 census was 1,603,797, and over 56 million people live within of Philadelphia. Philadelphia was founded in 1682 by William Penn, an English Quaker. The city served as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony during the British colonial era and went on to play a historic and vital role as the central meeting place for the nation's founding fathers whose plans and actions in Philadelphia ultimately inspired the American Revolution and the nation's inde ...
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Zenos Frudakis
Zenos Frudakis (born July 7, 1951), known as Frudakis, is an American sculptor whose diverse body of work includes monuments, memorials, portrait busts and statues of living and historic individuals, military subjects, sports figures and animal sculpture. Over the past four decades he has sculpted monumental works and over 100 figurative sculptures included within public and private collections throughout the United States and internationally. Frudakis currently lives and works near Philadelphia, and is best known for his sculpture '' Freedom'', which shows a series of figures breaking free from a wall and is installed in downtown Philadelphia. Other notable works are at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, Brookgreen Gardens in South Carolina,Robin R. Salmon, ''Brookgreen Gardens Sculpture'' (Brookgreen Gardens, 1993), v. 2, pp. 188-91. the National Academy of Design,When an artist is voted into membership in the National Academy the Academy accepts a work of art from that a ...
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Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such as arsenic or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as ultimate tensile strength, strength, ductility, or machinability. The three-age system, archaeological period in which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia and India is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age starting from about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in mod ...
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Bronze Sculpture
Bronze is the most popular metal for Casting (metalworking), cast metal sculptures; a cast bronze sculpture is often called simply "a bronze". It can be used for statues, singly or in groups, reliefs, and small statuettes and figurines, as well as bronze elements to be fitted to other objects such as furniture. It is often gilding, gilded to give gilt-bronze or ormolu. Common bronze alloys have the unusual and desirable property of expanding slightly just before they set, thus filling the finest details of a mould. Then, as the bronze cools, it shrinks a little, making it easier to separate from the mould. Their strength and wikt:ductility, ductility (lack of brittleness) is an advantage when figures in action poses are to be created, especially when compared to various ceramic or stone materials (such as marble sculpture). These qualities allow the creation of extended figures, as in ''Jeté'', or figures that have small cross sections in their support, such as the Richard ...
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GlaxoSmithKline
GSK plc, formerly GlaxoSmithKline plc, is a British multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with global headquarters in London, England. Established in 2000 by a merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham. GSK is the tenth largest pharmaceutical company and #294 on the 2022 ''Fortune'' Global 500, ranked behind other pharmaceutical companies China Resources, Sinopharm, Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Roche, AbbVie, Novartis, Bayer, and Merck. The company has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. , it had a market capitalisation of £70 billion, the eighth largest on the London Stock Exchange. It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange. The company developed the first malaria vaccine, RTS,S, which it said in 2014 it would make available for five percent above cost. Legacy products developed at GSK include several listed in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, such ...
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Zenos Frudakis Freedom Philadelphia - Cropped (2)
According to the Book of Mormon, Zenos () was an old world prophet whose pre-Christian era writings were recorded upon the plates of brass. Zenos is quoted or paraphrased a number of times by writers in the ''Book of Mormon'', including Nephi, Jacob, Alma, son of Alma, Nephi, son of Helaman,Helaman 8:19
, and . Zenos is reported to have written on a variety of topics, including the signs to accompany the death of the

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Vine Street (Philadelphia)
Vine Street is a major east-west street in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It begins at the Delaware River, and proceeds west until 20th Street, where it merges with the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. In West Philadelphia, it begins again near the intersection of 52nd Street & Haverford Avenue, and ends just past 66th Street, in Cobbs Creek Park. Vine Street is non-continuous between 5th and 7th Streets, because of the Vine Street Expressway and the approach to the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. It was part of Philadelphia's original street plan, laid out by William Penn and Thomas Holme in 1682, and remained the northern border of the City of Philadelphia until 1854. It forms the northern border of Franklin Square and Logan Circle. Parkway Central Library, the main branch of the Free Library of Philadelphia system and the (now-vacant) Family Court Building both have their main entrances on Vine Street. The Street is referenced in the song, "Beat Up Guitar" on the album Zig ...
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The Independent
''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition. The newspaper was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Irish Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to the Russian oligarch and former KGB Officer Alexander Lebedev in 2010. In 2017, Sultan Muhammad Abuljadayel bought a 30% stake in it. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press Awards. The website and mobile app had a combined monthly reach of 19,826,000 in 2021. History 1986 to 1990 Launched in 1986, the first issue of ''The Independent'' was published on 7 October in broadsheet format.Dennis Griffiths (ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of the British Press, 1422–1992'', London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992, p. 330 It was produc ...
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John Rentoul
John Rentoul (born 1958) is a British journalist. He is the chief political commentator for ''The Independent''. Early life Rentoul was born in India, where his father was a minister of the Church of South India. Educated at Wolverhampton Grammar School, he studied History and English at King's College, Cambridge, and worked on an oil rig before becoming a journalist on ''Accountancy Age''. He is related to Sir Gervais Rentoul, the Conservative MP who was the founding chairman of the 1922 Committee. Career as political journalist Rentoul was a journalist on the ''New Statesman'' between January 1983 and May 1988, latterly as Deputy Editor, and a political reporter for the BBC's '' On the Record'' between 1988 and 1995. He became a political correspondent of ''The Independent'' in 1995 and that newspaper's chief leader writer from January 1997, before becoming chief political commentator for ''The Independent on Sunday'' in 2004. His biography of Tony Blair has passed through s ...
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Bronze Sculptures In Pennsylvania
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such as arsenic or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as ultimate tensile strength, strength, ductility, or machinability. The three-age system, archaeological period in which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia and India is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age starting from about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in mod ...
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Outdoor Sculptures In Philadelphia
Outdoor(s) may refer to: * Wilderness *Natural environment * Outdoor cooking * Outdoor education *Outdoor equipment *Outdoor fitness *Outdoor literature *Outdoor recreation *Outdoor Channel, an American pay television channel focused on the outdoors See also * * * ''Out of Doors'' (Bartók) *Field (other) *Outside (other) *''The Great Outdoors (other) The Great Outdoors may refer to: * The outdoors as a place of outdoor recreation * ''The Great Outdoors'' (film), a 1988 American comedy film * ''The Great Outdoors'' (Australian TV series), an Australian travel magazine show * ''The Great Outd ...
'' {{disambiguation ...
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