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Codex Macedoniensis
Codex Macedoniensis or Macedonianus designated by Y or 034 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 073 ( von Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Description The codex contains 309 parchment leaves (). The text is written in one column per page, and 16 lines per column. The codex contains almost complete text of the four Gospels with six lacunae (Matthew 1:1-9:11; 10:35-11:4; Luke 1:26-36; 15:25-16:5; 23:22-34; John 20:27-21:17).Hermann von Soden, ''Die Schriften des neuen Testaments, in ihrer ältesten erreichbaren Textgestalt / hergestellt auf Grund ihrer Textgeschichte'' (Berlin 1902), vol. 1, p. 132 The texts of Matthew 16:2b–3 (''Signs of the Times'') and Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) are omitted. The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Aland placed it in Category V. History The manuscript was inadequately cited by Constantin von ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel
Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. Modern scholars are cautious of relying on the gospels uncritically, but nevertheless, they provide a good idea of the public career of Jesus, and critical study can attempt to distinguish the original ideas of Jesus from those of the later authors. The four canonical gospels were probably written between AD 66 and 110. All four were anonymous (with the modern names added in the 2nd century), almost certainly none were by eyewitnesses, and all are the end-products of long oral and written transmission. Mark was the first to be written, using a variety of sources. The authors of Matthew and Luke both independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex
The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with handwritten contents. A codex, much like the modern book, is bound by stacking the pages and securing one set of edges by a variety of methods over the centuries, yet in a form analogous to modern bookbinding. Modern books are divided into paperback or softback and those bound with stiff boards, called hardbacks. Elaborate historical bindings are called treasure bindings. At least in the Western world, the main alternative to the paged codex format for a long document was the continuous scroll, which was the dominant form of document in the Ancient history, ancient world. Some codices are continuously folded like a concertina, in particular the Maya codices and Aztec codices, which are actually long sheets of paper or animal skin folded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th-century Biblical Manuscripts
The 9th century was a period from 801 ( DCCCI) through 900 ( CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abbasid Baghdad, attracting many scholars to the city. The field of algebra was founded by the Muslim polymath al-Khwarizmi. The most famous Islamic Scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal was tortured and imprisoned by Abbasid official Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad during the reign of Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim and caliph al-Wathiq. In Southeast Asia, the height of the Mataram Kingdom happened in this century, while Burma would see the establishment of the major kingdom of Pagan. Tang China started the century with the effective rule under Emperor Xianzong and ended the century with the Huang Chao rebellions. While the Maya experienced widespread political collapse in the central Maya region, resulting in internecine warfare, the abandonment of cities, and a northward ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek New Testament Uncials
Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek. **Mycenaean Greek, most ancient attested form of the language (16th to 11th centuries BC). **Ancient Greek, forms of the language used c. 1000–330 BC. **Koine Greek, common form of Greek spoken and written during Classical antiquity. **Medieval Greek or Byzantine Language, language used between the Middle Ages and the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. **Modern Greek, varieties spoken in the modern era (from 1453 AD). *Greek alphabet, script used to write the Greek language. *Greek Orthodox Church, several Churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church. *Ancient Greece, the ancient civilization before the end of Antiquity. *Old Greek, the language as spoken from Late Antiquity to around 1500 AD. Other uses * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Journal Of Theological Studies
''The Journal of Theological Studies'' is an academic journal established in 1899 and now published by Oxford University Press in April and October each year. It publishes theological research, scholarship, and interpretation, and hitherto unpublished ancient and modern texts, inscriptions, and documents. Volumes I to L (the Old Series) span 1899 to 1949, while volumes 1 to 71 (the New Series) span 1950 to 2020. , the editors are Graham Gould, who oversees the articles and book reviews in non-biblical fields of study (including patristics, church history, and systematic theology), and Katharine Dell (Reader in Old Testament Literature and Theology, Faculty of Divinity, University of Cambridge and Fellow of St Catharine's College), who oversees articles and book reviews in biblical studies and closely related fields; Dr Courtney Friesen of the University of Arizona is assistant editor. Previous editors have included the patristic scholars James Bethune-Baker (1904–35), Henry Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Textual Criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts or of printed books. Such texts may range in dates from the earliest writing in cuneiform, impressed on clay, for example, to multiple unpublished versions of a 21st-century author's work. Historically, scribes who were paid to copy documents may have been literate, but many were simply copyists, mimicking the shapes of letters without necessarily understanding what they meant. This means that unintentional alterations were common when copying manuscripts by hand. Intentional alterations may have been made as well, for example, the censoring of printed work for political, religious or cultural reasons. The objective of the textual critic's work is to provide a better understanding of the creation and historical transmission of the text and its variants. This understanding may lead to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of New Testament Uncials
A New Testament uncial is a section of the New Testament in Greek or Latin majuscule letters, written on parchment or vellum. This style of writing is called ''Biblical Uncial'' or ''Biblical Majuscule''. New Testament uncials are distinct from other ancient texts based on the following differences: * New Testament papyri – written on papyrus and generally more ancient * New Testament minuscules – written in minuscule letters and generally more recent * New Testament lectionaries – usually written in minuscule (but some in uncial) letters and generally more recent * New Testament uncials – written in majuscule letters, on parchment or vellum. Classification of uncials In 1751, New Testament theologian Johann Jakob Wettstein knew of only 23 uncial codices of the New Testament. By 1859, Constantin von Tischendorf had increased that number to 64 uncials, and in 1909 Caspar René Gregory enumerated 161 uncial codices. By 1963, Kurt Aland, in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruce M
The English language name Bruce arrived in Scotland with the Normans, from the place name Brix, Manche in Normandy, France, meaning "the willowlands". Initially promulgated via the descendants of king Robert the Bruce (1274−1329), it has been a Scottish surname since medieval times; it is now a common given name. The variant ''Lebrix'' and ''Le Brix'' are French variations of the surname. Actors * Bruce Bennett (1906–2007), American actor and athlete * Bruce Boxleitner (born 1950), American actor * Bruce Campbell (born 1958), American actor, director, writer, producer and author * Bruce Davison (born 1946), American actor and director * Bruce Dern (born 1936), American actor * Bruce Gray (1936–2017), American-Canadian actor * Bruce Greenwood (born 1956), Canadian actor and musician * Bruce Herbelin-Earle (born 1998), English-French actor and model * Bruce Jones (born 1953), English actor * Bruce Kirby (1925–2021), American actor * Bruce Lee (1940–1973), martial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family Π
Family Π is a group of New Testament manuscripts. Belonging to the Byzantine text-type, it is one of the textual families of this group. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie"), is drawn from the symbol used for the Codex Petropolitanus. One of the most distinct of the Byzantine sub-groups, it is very old and the third largest. The oldest Byzantine manuscripts belong to this family. Hermann von Soden designated this group by the symbol "Ka". According to him, its text is not purely Byzantine. Codices and manuscripts Soden included the following in this group of codices: Cyprius (K), Petropolitanus (Π), 72, 114, 116, 178, 265, 389, 1008, 1009, 1079, 1154, 1200, 1219, 1346, and 1398. Lake added to this group of manuscripts: 489, 537, 652, 775, 796, 904, 1478, 1500, 1546, 1561, 1781, 1816. Soden also associated Codex Alexandrinus with this group. Wisse lists about 150 witnesses of the family, but the majority of them belong to this family only in some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirsopp Lake
Kirsopp Lake (7 April 187210 November 1946) was an English New Testament scholar, Church historian, Greek Palaeographer, and Winn Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Harvard Divinity School. He had an uncommon breadth of interests. His main lines of research were the history of early Christianity, textual criticism of the New Testament, and Greek palaeography, in which fields he published definitive monographs. He also studied the historical figure of Jesus and wrote about theology and archaeology (especially in his later life). He edited and translated a two-volume anthology of ancient Christian literature and the first five books of Eusebius' ''Church History'' for the Loeb Classical Library. He is best known for his massive five-volume work ''The Beginnings of Christianity''—an edition, translation, commentary, and study of the Acts of the Apostles—that he conceived and edited with F. J. Foakes-Jackson, and for the 10-volumes series of ''Dated Greek Manuscripts to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expository Times
''The Expository Times'' is a long-established academic journal of biblical studies, theology, and ministry established in 1889 by the Scottish theologian James Hastings. The journal is abstracted and indexed in the ATLA Religion Database, New Testament Abstracts and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index. The current Executive Editor is Guy Bennett-Hunter. Scope The ''Expository Times'' aims to combine an interest in all pastoral matters, practical and theoretical with the latest international scholarship in religious studies, biblical studies and philosophy. The journal contains resources for the month for those conducting worship: a sermon by a preacher of distinction, exegetical notes and other resources. Abstracting and indexing The ''Expository Times'' is abstracted and indexed in the following databases: :* Arts and Humanities Citation Index :* ATLA Religion Database :* New Testament Abstracts :* SCOPUS References External links * Editor's profileat University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Charles Braithwaite
William Charles Braithwaite (23 December 1862 – 28 January 1922) was a British historian, specialising in the early history of the Society of Friends (Quakers). Braithwaite was born on 23 December 1862, the son of Joseph Bevan Braithwaite (1818–1905) and Martha Gillett (1823–1895). One of his eight siblings was stockbroker Joseph Bevan Braithwaite (1855–1934). He attended Oliver's Mount School, Scarborough, and University College London.‘BRAITHWAITE, William Charles’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 200accessed 1 Aug 2012/ref> Upon the death of John Wilhelm Rowntree in 1905, Rufus Jones invited Braithwaite to write the early history of the Society of Friends. Rowntree and Jones had set out in 1897 to write a "comprehensive history of Quakerism", but the former died before this was possible. As a result, it is Braithwaite who wrote the two classic histories which popularised this research; ''The Beginnings of Quakerism'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
