Family Π is a group of

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

manuscripts. Belonging to the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fo ...

, it is one of the textual families of this group. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie"), is drawn from the symbol used for the Codex Petropolitanus. One of the most distinct of the Byzantine sub-groups, it is very old and the third largest. The oldest Byzantine manuscripts belong to this family.

Hermann von Soden Baron Hermann von Soden (16 August 1852 – 15 January 1914) was a German Biblical scholar, minister, professor of divinity, and textual theorist. Life Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on August 16, 1852, Soden was educated at the University of Tübinge ...

designated this group by the symbol "K^a". According to him, its text is not purely Byzantine.

Codices and manuscripts

Soden included the following in this group of codices: Cyprius (K), Petropolitanus (Π), 72, 114,

116 116 (''one hundred and sixteen'') may refer to: *116 (number) *AD 116 * 116 BC * 116 (Devon and Cornwall) Engineer Regiment, Royal Engineers, a military unit * 116 (MBTA bus) * 116 (New Jersey bus) * 116 (hip hop group), a Christian hip hop collect ...

, 178,

265 __NOTOC__ Year 265 ( CCLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valerianus and Lucillus (or, less frequently, year 1018 ' ...

, 389, 1008, 1009, 1079, 1154, 1200, 1219, 1346, and 1398.

Lake A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much large ...

added to this group of manuscripts: 489,

537 __NOTOC__ Year 537 ( DXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Second year after the Consulship of Belisarius (or, less frequently, year 1290 ...

652 __NOTOC__ Year 652 ( DCLII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 652 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era be ...

775 __NOTOC__ Year 775 (Roman numerals, DCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 775 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domi ...

796 __NOTOC__ Year 796 ( DCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 796 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era b ...

904 __NOTOC__ Year 904 ( CMIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * July 29 – Sack of Thessalonica: A Muslim fleet, led by the Greek ren ...

, 1478, 1500, 1546, 1561, 1781, 1816. Soden also associated

Codex Alexandrinus The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manu ...

with this group. Wisse lists about 150 witnesses of the family, but the majority of them belong to this family only in some parts of their text. The

Peshitta The Peshitta ( syc, ܦܫܺܝܛܬܳܐ ''or'' ') is the standard version of the Bible for churches in the Syriac tradition, including the Maronite Church, the Chaldean Catholic Church, the Syriac Catholic Church, the Syriac Orthodox Church, ...

, in the Gospels, represents this family. Some manuscripts are related to the family: Minuscule 706. In the Pericope Adultera, Tommy Wasserman found Family Π to include

581 __NOTOC__ Year 581 (Roman numerals, DLXXXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 581 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Do ...

, 1272, 1306, 1571, 1627, 1690, 1699, and 2463. Some manuscripts represent this family in some parts: 2278.

Group profile

According to the

Claremont Profile Method The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classif ...

group Π has following profile in Luke 1, 10, and 20:The word before the bracket is the reading of the UBS edition; the readings which are not bold are those of the

Textus Receptus ''Textus Receptus'' (Latin: "received text") refers to all printed editions of the Greek New Testament from Erasmus's ''Novum Instrumentum omne'' (1516) to the 1633 Elzevir edition. It was the most commonly used text type for Protestant denomi ...

. See F. Wisse, ''The profile method for the classification and evaluation of manuscript evidence'', p. 95 * Luke 1:2 (1 reading) — παρεδοσαν ] παρεδοκαν * Luke 1:8 (4) — εναντι ] εναντιον * Luke 1:17 (12) — ετοιμασαι ] + τω * Luke 1:22 (14) — εδυνατο ] ηδυνατο * Luke 1:39 (30) — αναστασα δε ] και αναστασα * Luke 1:44 (34) — εν αγαλλιασει το βρεφος ] το βρεφος εν αγαλλιασει * Luke 1:61 (41) — εκ της συγγενειας ] εν τη συγγενεια * Luke 10:1 (1 reading) — δυο δυο ] δυο * Luke 10:2 (8) — οπως ] + αν * Luke 10:6 (15) — εαν ] + μεν * Luke 10:11 (22) — εις τους ποδας ] omit * Luke 10:12 (23) — λεγω ] + δε * Luke 10:16 (30) — ακουων υμων ] υμων ακουων * Luke 10:17 (32) — οι εβδομηκοντα μετα χαρας ] μετα χαρας οι εβδομηκοντα * Luke 10:22 (33) — παντα ] και στραφεις προς τους μαθητας ειπε παντα * Luke 10:22 (38) — παρεδοθε ] παρα δεδοται * Luke 10:32 (47) — ελθων ] omit * Luke 10:32 (48) — ιδων ] + αυτον * Luke 10:35 (53) — τι ] + δ' * Luke 10:36 (57) — πλησιον δοκει σοι ] δοκει σοι πλησιον * Luke 10:41 (63) — ειπεν αυτη ο κυριος (or Ιησους) ] ο κυριος ειπεν αυτη * Luke 20:1 (2 reading) — εν τω ιερω ] omit * Luke 20:1 (4) — αρχιερεις ] ιερεις * Luke 20:3 (8) — υμας καγω ] καγω υμας * Luke 20:3 (9) — ενα λογον (=TR) ] λογον ενα * Luke 20:9 (19) — τις ] omit * Luke 20:10 (23) — εξαπεστειλαν ] απεστειλαν * Luke 20:12 (24) — και τουτον ] κακεινον * Luke 20:14 (26) — διελογιζοντο ] διελογισαντο * Luke 20:14 (28) — κληρονομος ] + δευτε * Luke 20:19 (33) — υστερον ] + παντων * Luke 20:19 (34) — τας χειρας ] την χειρα * Luke 20:28 (50) — Μωυσης ] Μωσης * Luke 20:34 (61) — γαμισκονται ] εκγαμιζονται (ΤR reads: εκγαμισκονται) * Luke 20:35 (62) — γαμιζονται ] εκγαμιζονται (ΤR reads: εκγαμισκονται) * Luke 20:36 (64) — εισι(ν) ] omit * Luke 20:37 (65) — Μωυσης ] Μωσης * Luke 20:41 (70) — λεγουσι(ν) ] + τινες * Luke 20:44 (74) — κυριον αυτον ] αυτον κυριον * Luke 20:44 (75) — αυτου υιος ] υιος αυτου.Frederik Wisse, ''The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence'', '' William B. Eerdmans Publishing'', 1982, p. 103, 122-125.

Codices and manuscripts

Group profile

See also

Νοtes

References

Further reading