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Cnidium Monnieri
''Cnidium monnieri'' (L.) Cusson ex Juss., Monnier's snowparsley, is a flowering plant species in the genus ''Cnidium''. Also known as Shechuangzi, Osthole, Jashoshi, Cnidii Fructus (Fruits of Cnidium). It may be confused with ''Bacopa monnieri'', ''Ligusticum officinale'' (syn. ''Cnidium officinale''), both similar but different plants. The coumarins osthol, imperatorin and xanthotoxol can be found in ''C. monnieri''. Naming ''Cnidium monnieri'' was already described and the name validly published by Carl Linnaeus. It was Pierre Cusson, however, who reclassified it into today's valid botanical systematics in 1787. Taxonomy ''Cnidium monnieri'' is a species in the genus ''Cnidium'' which contains approximately 11 to 35 species and belongs to thfamilyof thApiaceae(carrot family). Characteristics Plants annual, 10–60(–80) cm. Taproot 2–3 mm thick. Stem solitary, striate, scabrous. Lower petioles 3–8 cm; blade ovate-lanceolate, 3–8 × 2–5 cm, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Cusson
Pierre Cusson (1727–1783), anglicised as Peter Cusson, was a French botanist who specialised in Umbelliferae. As a young man, he travelled through Majorca, Spain and the Pyrenees, building up an excellent specimen collection of the flora of those regions. Shortly after his return to his home in Montpellier, an elderly female relative with whom he lived cleaned his study in his absence, discarding his entire collection. In 1967, botanist John Hutchinson published ''Neocussonia'', a genus of flowering plants from southern Afria, belonging to the family Araliaceae The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguisha ... and named in Pierre Cusson's honour. References 1727 births 1783 deaths 18th-century French botanists {{france-botanist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cnidium
''Cnidium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia and North America. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: *''Cnidium bhutanicum'' M.F.Watson *''Cnidium cnidiifolium'' (Turcz.) Schischk. *''Cnidium dauricum'' (Jacq.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey. *''Cnidium divaricatum'' (Jacq.) Ledeb. *''Cnidium japonicum'' Miq. *''Cnidium monnieri'' (L.) Cusson *''Cnidium silaifolium'' (Jacq.) Simonk. *''Cnidium warburgii ''Cnidium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia and North America. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: *'' Cnidium bhutanicum'' M.F.Watson *'' Cnidium cnidiifolium'' (Turcz.) ...'' H.Wolff References External links Alternative, Herbal Medicine — Cnidium Seeds Medicinal plants of Asia Medicinal plants of Europe Medicinal plants of North America Apioideae Apioideae genera {{medicinal-plant-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacopa Monnieri
''Bacopa monnieri'' is a perennial, creeping herb native to the wetlands of southern and Eastern India, Australia, Europe, Africa, Asia, and North and South America. It is known by the common names water hyssop, waterhyssop, brahmi, thyme-leafed gratiola, herb of grace, and Indian pennywort. ''Bacopa monnieri'' is used in Ayurveda. In 2019, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned manufacturers of dietary supplement products containing ''Bacopa monnieri'' against making illegal and unproven claims that the herb can treat various diseases. Description ''Bacopa monnieri'' is a non-aromatic herb. The leaves of this plant are succulent, oblong, and thick. Leaves are oblanceolate and are arranged oppositely on the stem. The flowers are small, actinomorphic and white, with four to five petals. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions. Propagation is often achieved through cuttings. Ecology ''Bacopa monnieri'' is one of the most widespread ''Bacopa'' species. It com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligusticum Officinale
''Ligusticum'' (lovage, licorice root) is a genus of about 60 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Its name is believed to derive from the Italian region of Liguria.Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan . Species *''Ligusticum ajanense'' *'' Ligusticum albanicum'' *''Ligusticum apiifolium'' *'' Ligusticum brachylobum'' *'' Ligusticum calderi'' *''Ligusticum californicum'' *''Ligusticum canadense'' *'' Ligusticum canbyi'' - Canby's licorice root *''Ligusticum filicinum'' *''Ligusticum gingidium'' *''Ligusticum grayi'' - oshala, Gray's lovage *''Ligusticum holopetalum'' *''Ligusticum hultenii'' *''Ligusticum huteri'' *''Ligusticum ibukicola'' *''Ligusticum jeholense'' *''Ligusticum monnieri'' *''Ligusticum mutellina'' – alpine lovage *''Ligusticum porteri'' – oshá *''Ligusticum scoticum'' – Scots lovage *''Ligusticum sinense'' – ''gaoben'' 藁本 *''Ligusticum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coumarins
Coumarin () or 2''H''-chromen-2-one is an aromatic organic chemical compound with formula . Its molecule can be described as a benzene molecule with two adjacent hydrogen atoms replaced by a lactone-like chain , forming a second six-membered heterocycle that shares two carbons with the benzene ring. It can be placed in the benzopyrone chemical class and considered as a lactone. Coumarin is a colorless crystalline solid with a sweet odor resembling the scent of vanilla and a bitter taste. It is found in many plants, where it may serve as a chemical defense against predators. By inhibiting synthesis of vitamin K, a related compound is used as the prescription drug warfarin – an anticoagulant – to inhibit formation of blood clots, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Etymology Coumarin is derived from ''coumarou'', the French word for the tonka bean. The word ''tonka'' for the tonka bean is taken from the Galibi (Carib) tongue spoken by natives of French Guia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osthol
Osthol, or osthole, is a chemical compound which is a derivative of coumarin. It is found in a variety of plants including ''Cnidium monnieri'', ''Angelica archangelica ''Angelica archangelica'', commonly known as garden angelica, wild celery, and Norwegian angelica, is a biennial plant from the family Apiaceae, a subspecies of which is cultivated for its sweetly scented edible stems and roots. Like several oth ...'' and '' Angelica pubescens''. References Coumarins {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperatorin
Imperatorin is a furocoumarin and a phytochemical that has been isolated from ''Urena lobata'' L. (Malvaceae), ''Angelica archangelica'', '' Angelica dahurica'', '' Glehnia littoralis'', '' Saposhnikovia divaricata'', ''Cnidium monnieri'', '' Incarvillea younghusbandii'', and '' Zanthoxylum americanum mill''. It is biosynthesized from umbelliferone, a coumarin derivative. Isolation The procedure for the isolation of imperatorin from ''Urena lobata'' involves exhaustively extracting under reflux with benzene the air-dried and pulverised roots followed by separation by column chromatography.A furocoumarin, Imperatorin isolated from Urena lobata L. (Malvaceae) Keshab Ghosh Molbank 2004, M38 Open access (publishing), open access publication Biochemical activity Imperatorin was identified from a Bioactive Molecules library in a high throughput screening experiment for inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase PDE4. It displays a significant preference for PDE4B over PDE4A. See also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xanthotoxol
Xanthotoxol is a furanocoumarin. It is one of the major active ingredients in ''Cnidium monnieri''.Xanthotoxol exerts neuroprotective effects via suppression of the inflammatory response in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. He W, Chen W, Zhou Y, Tian Y and Liao F, Cell Mol Neurobiol., July 2013, volume 33, issue 5, pages 715-722, Metabolism * Xanthotoxol O-methyltransferase ( 8-hydroxyfuranocoumarin 8-O-methyltransferase) is an enzyme that uses S-adenosyl methionine and xanthotoxol to produce S-adenosylhomocysteine and O-methylxanthotoxol (xanthotoxin or methoxsalen Methoxsalen, sold under the brand name Oxsoralen among others, is a medication used to treat psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, and some cutaneous lymphomas in conjunction with exposing the skin to ultraviolet (UVA) light from lamps or sunlight. Methox ...). References Furanocoumarins Phenols {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bipinnate
The following is a list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflets). The edge of the leaf may be regular or irregular, may be smooth or bearing hair, bristles or spines. For more terms describing other aspects of leaves besides their overall morphology see the leaf article. The terms listed here all are supported by technical and professional usage, but they cannot be represented as mandatory or undebatable; readers must use their judgement. Authors often use terms arbitrarily, or coin them to taste, possibly in ignorance of established terms, and it is not always clear whether because of ignorance, or personal preference, or because usages change with time or context, or because of variation between specimens, even specimens from the same plant. For example, whether to call leaves on the same tree "acuminate", "lanceolate", or "linear" could ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achenes
An achene (; ), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat. Examples The fruits of buttercup, buckwheat, caraway, quinoa, amaranth, and cannabis are typical achenes. The achenes of the strawberry are sometimes mistaken for seeds. The strawberry is an accessory fruit with an aggregate of achenes on its outer surface, and what is eaten is accessory tissue. A rose produces an aggregate of achene fruits that are encompassed within an expanded hypanthium (aka fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hippocampus
The hippocampus (via Latin from Greek , 'seahorse') is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates. Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in each side of the brain. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation. The hippocampus is located in the allocortex, with neural projections into the neocortex in humans, as well as primates. The hippocampus, as the medial pallium, is a structure found in all vertebrates. In humans, it contains two main interlocking parts: the hippocampus proper (also called ''Ammon's horn''), and the dentate gyrus. In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage; short-term memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. Damage to the hippocampus can also result from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apioideae
This is a list of genera belonging to the family Apiaceae. It contains all the genera accepted by Plants of the World Online (PoWO) . A few extra genus names are included that PoWO regards as synonyms. Unless otherwise indicated, the placement of genera into sub-taxa is based on the taxonomy used by the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). "Not assigned" means either that the genus is unplaced in GRIN or that it is not listed by GRIN. Not assigned to a subfamily In a 2021 molecular phylogenetic study, the ''Platysace'' clade and the genera ''Klotzschia'' and ''Hermas'' fell outside the four subfamilies. It has been suggested that they could be placed in subfamilies of their own. *''Hermas'' L. *''Klotzschia'' Cham. *''Platysace'' Bunge ;Others Subfamily Apioideae Subfamily Azorelloideae Subfamily Mackinlayoideae Subfamily Saniculoideae The NCBI Taxonomy Browser lists the tribes Saniculeae and Steganotaenieae in a separate subfamily, Saniculoide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
