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Balkanstreitkräfte
The Balkanstreitkräfte (German for "Balkan Armed Forces"), also known as the Balkan Army, was a military formation of the Austro-Hungarian Army created for operations against the Kingdom of Serbia at the onset of World War I. Formed in August 1914, the force participated in three unsuccessful invasions of Serbia, culminating in a decisive defeat at the Battle of Kolubara in December of that year. Following this failure, its commander, ''Feldzeugmeister'' Oskar Potiorek, was dismissed. The Balkanstreitkräfte was officially disbanded in May 1915, with its remaining elements, notably the 5th Army, reorganized under Archduke Eugen of Austria and redeployed to the Italian front. Formation and Organisation The Balkanstreitkräfte was formed on 7 August 1914 following the consolidation of (Balkan Minimal Group) and (B-Contingent). was composed of the Fifth and Sixth armies, designated for operations against the Serbia and Montenegro. , a reserve force renamed the Second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbian Campaign (1914)
The Serbian campaign of 1914 was a significant military operation during World War I. It marked the first major confrontation between the Central Powers, primarily Austria-Hungary, and the Allies of World War I, Allied Powers, led by the Kingdom of Serbia. The campaign started on 28 July 1914, when July Crisis#Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia (28 July), Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia and Bombardment of Belgrade (1914), bombarded Belgrade. On 12 August, the Austro-Hungarian Army, Austro-Hungarian forces, led by General Oskar Potiorek, launched their first offensive into Serbia. The Austro-Hungarian forces, known as Balkanstreitkräfte and consisting of the 5th Army (Austria-Hungary), 5th and 6th Army (Austria-Hungary), 6th Armies, attacked Serbia from the west and north. The Royal Serbian Army, Serbian army under the command of General Radomir Putnik using their knowledge of the rugged terrain and the strategic advantage of the rivers, defeated the 5th Army at the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5th Army (Austria-Hungary)
The Austro-Hungarian Fifth Army was an Austro-Hungarian field army that fought during World War I. Actions First Serbian Campaign The Fifth Army was formed in 1914 as part of Austro-Hungarian mobilisation following its declaration of war on Serbia and Russia. The Fifth Army was under the command of Gen. Liborius Ritter von Frank. Its headquarter was in the Bosnian town of Brčko. Together with Sixth Army it was a formation of ''Minimalgruppe Balkan'' and was assigned to the Balkan Front as part of Balkanstreitkräfte (Balkan Armed Forces) under the command of Lieutenant General Oskar Potiorek. The Fifth Army comprised the VIII Corps from Prague, under with two infantry divisions (9th ''K.u.k.'' and 21st ''Landwehr''), and the XIII Corps from Zagreb (''Agram'') in Croatia with two infantry divisions (36th ''K.u.k.'' and 42nd ''Honved'' Divisions). The Fifth Army represented approximately 93,000 rifles and included a large proportion of South Slavs from the Empire. Betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar Potiorek
Oskar Potiorek (20 November 1853 – 17 December 1933) was an officer of the Austro-Hungarian Army, who served as Governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1911 to 1914. He was a passenger in the car carrying Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Duchess Sophie of Hohenberg when they were assassinated in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Potiorek had failed to inform the driver of a change of route which led the royal car to take a wrong turn, stalling after trying to turn around, and ending up in front of Gavrilo Princip. In World War I, Potiorek commanded the Austro-Hungarian forces in the failed Serbian campaign of 1914. He was removed from command, retiring from the army shortly afterward. Early life The Potiorek family had Czech origin, the family moved from Bohemia to Carinthia before the birth of Oskar. His father, Paul Potiorek decided to move to Carinthia after he was appointed as a chief inspector of mines in Bad Bleiberg. Oskar Potiorek was born in Bad Bleiberg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liborius Ritter Von Frank
Liborius Ritter von Frank (5 October 1848 – 26 February 1935) was an Austro-Hungarian general in World War I. He commanded the Austro-Hungarian Fifth Army in 1914 at the start of the war, and fought at the Battle of Cer The Battle of Cer was a military campaign fought between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in August 1914, starting three weeks into the Serbian Campaign of 1914, the initial military action of the First World War. It took place around Cer Mountain an ..., Battle of the Drina and Battle of Kolubara. He was replaced by General Karl Tersztyánszky von Nádas after the failure of the first Serbian campaign, the enormous casualties suffered by his army reduced to about 40% of its strength and the disbandment of the Balkanstreitkräfte. References External links Biography of Liborius Ritter von Frank Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I 1848 births 1935 deaths Austro-Hungarian generals {{Europe-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archduke Eugen Of Austria
Archduke Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria of Austria-Teschen (21 May 1863 – 30 December 1954) was an Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Austria and a Prince of Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemia. He was the last Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from the House of Habsburg, Habsburg dynasty. Early life Eugen was the son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria (son of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen) and of his wife Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. He was born at the castle of Gross Seelowitz in Moravia (today Židlochovice near Brno in the Czech Republic). At his baptism he was given the names ''Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria''. His education was Spartan in character. His country living at Gross Seelowitz and holidays at Gmünd, Carinthia, Gmund alternated with a sound education and strict instruction. At the Palais Erzherzog Albrecht (Archduke Albrecht's Palace, also known as the Albrechtspalais) in Vienna, Eugen received inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Army (Austria-Hungary)
The 2nd Army (), later designated East Army (), was a field army-level command of Austro-Hungarian Army that was active during World War I. It was initially formed to take part in the Balkans Campaign before being transferred to the Eastern Front. In the final stages of the war, the army was evacuated from Ukraine before demobilizing in November 1918. History The 2nd Army was formed in August 1914 as part of Austria-Hungary's mobilization and the formation of Balkanstreitkräfte (Balkan Armed Forces) following its declaration of war on Serbia and Russia, carrying out the prewar plans for the formation of six field armies. Just as all Austro-Hungarian field armies, it consisted of a headquarters and several corps, along with some unattached units.John Dixon-NuttalTHE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN ARMY 1914-18. Chapter 4: The Army in the Field/ref> It was initially composed of the XXI and III Corps, based in Hermannstadt and Graz, respectively, and was reinforced with the VII and IV Corps o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Army (Austria-Hungary)
The Austro-Hungarian Sixth Army was a field army of the Austro-Hungarian Army that fought during World War I as part of the Balkanstreitkräfte. Actions The Sixth Army was formed in 1914 and the Austro-Hungarian mobilization following its declaration of war on Serbia and Russia. The Sixth Army was put under the command of Gen. Oskar Potiorek, who also was commander of the entire Balkan Front. Before the start of the invasion of Serbia Potiorek demanded that all the Serbs be removed from its units. Between August and December 1914, the 6th Army fought in the Serbian Campaign and suffered such enormous casualties that it was disbanded on 27 December 1914. It participated in the * Battle of Drina (September - October 1914) * Battle of Kolubara (November - December 1914). The Sixth Army was reestablished in January 1918 on the Italian Front, where it remained active until the end of the War. It participated in the * Battle of the Piave River (June 1918) * Battle of Vittorio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army, also known as the Imperial and Royal Army,; was the principal ground force of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. It consisted of three organisations: the Common Army (, recruited from all parts of Austria-Hungary), the Imperial-Royal Landwehr (recruited from Cisleithania) and the Royal Hungarian Honvéd (recruited from Transleithania). In the wake of fighting between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary and the subsequent two decades of uneasy co-existence, Hungarian troops served either in ethnically mixed units or were stationed away from Hungarian regions. With the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the Austro-Hungarian Army was brought into being. It existed until the disestablishment of Austria-Hungary in 1918 following the end of World War I. Common Army units were generally poorly trained and had very limited access to new equipment, because the governments of the Austrian and Hungarian parts of the empire often preferred to ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague
Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its Prague metropolitan area, metropolitan area is home to approximately 2.3 million people. Prague is a historical city with Romanesque architecture, Romanesque, Czech Gothic architecture, Gothic, Czech Renaissance architecture, Renaissance and Czech Baroque architecture, Baroque architecture. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV (r. 1346–1378) and Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolf II (r. 1575–1611). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austria-Hungary. The city played major roles in the Bohemian Reformation, Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zagreb
Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb stands near the international border between Croatia and Slovenia at an elevation of approximately above mean sea level, above sea level. At the 2021 census, the city itself had a population of 767,131, while the population of Zagreb metropolitan area is 1,086,528. The oldest settlement in the vicinity of the city was the Roman Andautonia, in today's Šćitarjevo. The historical record of the name "Zagreb" dates from 1134, in reference to the foundation of the settlement at Kaptol, Zagreb, Kaptol in 1094. Zagreb became a free royal city in 1242. In 1851, Janko Kamauf became Zagreb's List of mayors of Zagreb, first mayor. Zagreb has special status as a Administrative divisions of Croatia, Croatian administrative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dubrovnik
Dubrovnik, historically known as Ragusa, is a city in southern Dalmatia, Croatia, by the Adriatic Sea. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean, a Port, seaport and the centre of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. In 2021, its total population was 41,562. Recognizing its outstanding medieval architecture and fortifications, UNESCO inscribed the Old City of Dubrovnik as a World Heritage Site in 1979. The history of the city probably dates back to the 7th century, when the town known as was founded by refugees from Epidaurum (). It was under protectorate of the Byzantine Empire and later under the sovereignty of the Republic of Venice. Between the 14th and 19th centuries, Dubrovnik ruled itself as a Free state (polity), free state. The prosperity of the city was historically based on trade, maritime trade; as the capital of the maritime Republic of Ragusa, it achieved a high level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
42nd Home Guard Infantry Division
The 42nd Home Guard Infantry Division (, also ), nicknamed the Devil's Division (), was an infantry division of the Royal Croatian Home Guard within the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I. Composed primarily of Croatian troops, the division was deployed on multiple fronts, including Serbia, Galicia, the Russian front, and the Italian Front. Formation history The 42nd Home Guard Infantry Division was an infantry division of the Royal Croatian Home Guard, part of the Austro-Hungarian Army. In Hungarian, it was referred to as ''Honvéd'', and in German as ''Landwehr''. While it carried the honorary designation Slavonski Domobrani (''Slavonian Home Guard''), its official title was the Devil's Division. The division was formed shortly before the outbreak of World War I as part of the 7th Home Guard Croatia-Slavonia District of the Royal Croatian Home Guard. It consisted of approximately 14,000 troops in peacetime. As with other Austro-Hungarian Home Guard divisions, its un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
