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Arnold Achmad Baramuli
Achmad Arnold Baramuli (20 July 1930 – 11 October 2006) was an Indonesian prosecutor, politician and businessman. His highest position was chairman of the Supreme Advisory Council over 1998 to 1999 under President B.J. Habibie. A key vote-winner for Golkar Party, Baramuli was involved in the 1999 Bank Bali scandal that contributed to Habibie's failure to win re-election. Early life, religion and education Arnold Baramuli was born on 20 July 1930 in Pinrang, a traditional trading area in southern Sulawesi in the Dutch East Indies. He was one of six children born to Julius Baramuli, a Protestant from Manado, and Adolfina La Roempoeh (familiarly known as Ibu Pole), a Muslim woman of Bugis ethnicity. Her nickname 'Pole' means 'welcome' in the Bugis language. The Baramuli family's Poleko group of trading and manufacturing companies was named after Ibu Pole. Baramuli had five siblings: Annie, Eddy, Hengki, Mariyani, and Rita Arifien. Baramuli was raised as a Christian, but later con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudomo
Muhammad Sudomo, better known as Sudomo (20 September 1926 – 18 April 2012) was a high-ranking Indonesian military official who served in a number of positions during the New Order regime of Indonesian president Suharto. He served as Chief of Staff of the Navy from 1969 until 1973, Commander for Security and Order from 1978 until 1983, Minister of Manpower from 1983 until 1988, Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs from 1988 until 1993, and Chairman of the Supreme Advisory Council of the Republic of Indonesia from 1993 until 1998. References 1926 births 2012 deaths {{more cats, date=September 2021 Indonesian military personnel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singapore
Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world. With a multicultural population and recognising the need to respect cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca and numerous public services are available only in Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiranto
Wiranto (born 4 April 1947) is an Indonesian politician and former army general, who is serving as the chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council, since December 2019. Previously, he was the Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces from February 1998 to October 1999 during Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, he ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and for the vice-presidency in 2009. On 27 July 2016, Wiranto was appointed Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan. Wiranto played a significant role in facilitating severe human rights violations by the Indonesian army and Jakarta-backed militias, during Indonesia's withdrawal from the occupied territory of East Timor in 1999. Both the United Nations and domestic groups have gathered evidence on this, but he continues to deny the charges. In January 2000, an Indonesian commission placed general responsibility for these injustices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andi Muhammad Ghalib
Andi Muhammad Ghalib (June 3, 1946 – May 9, 2016) was an Indonesian Military officer, politician, and diplomat. He served as the Attorney General of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999 within the Development Reform Cabinet of President B. J. Habibie. Ghalib resigned as Attorney General in June 1999 amid a corruption scandal. Ghalib, an ethnic Bugis, was born in Bone in the present-day province of South Sulawesi on June 3, 1946. He was a native of Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi. On June 15, 1998, Indonesia's new President B. J. Habibie fired Indonesia's Suharto-era Attorney General, Sujono Atmonegoro, and appointed Maj. Gen. Andi Muhammad Ghalib as the country's new Attorney General. Ghalib has been serving as the director of the Indonesian National Armed Forces' law office at the time of his appointment. Ghalib was Attorney General of Indonesia within President Habibie's Development Reform Cabinet from June 1998 until June 1999. However, on June 3, 1999, which coincided with Ghalib's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tommy Suharto
Hutomo Mandala Putra (born 15 July 1962), commonly known as Tommy Suharto, is an Indonesian businessman, politician, and convicted murderer. The youngest son of Suharto, the second President of Indonesia, he has long had a reputation for nepotism, corruption, and being a playboy. He gained notoriety for commissioning the murder of a judge who convicted him of corruption. He was convicted of murder in 2002 and sentenced to 15 years in jail, but was released in under four years.The Economist "Lucky Tommy," ''The Economist'' 2 November 2006. Since 2020, he has been involved in a leadership dispute with over control of |
Eddy Tansil
Eddy Tansil or Tan Tjoe Hong or Tan TJU Fuan (born 2 February 1953, in Makassar, South Sulawesi) is an Indonesian businessman of Chinese descent who bribed his way out of Cipinang Prison, Jakarta, on 4 May 1996 while serving a 17-year sentence for embezzling $420 million in loans from Bank Pembangunan Indonesia, which subsequently went bust and was amalgamated into Bank Mandiri. Criminal penalty In 1994, Tansil was sentenced to 17 years in prison, fined 30 million rupiah, ordered to pay 500 billion rupiah compensation, and repay state losses of 1.3 trillion rupiah. Tansil's escape in 1996 was facilitated by corrupt prison officials. After prison escape An anti-corruption watchdog, Gempita, determined in 1998 that Tansil was conducting business under a corporate license of German company Becks Beer in Putian, Fujian, China. In 2013, Eddy Tansil's presence in China since 2011 was confirmed, and an extradition request was submitted to the Chinese government. In 2015, Tansil was re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Consultative Assembly
The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, MPR-RI) is the legislative branch in Politics of Indonesia, Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia, 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the highest governing body in Indonesia. In accordance with Law No. 16/1960, the assembly was formed after the 1971 Indonesian legislative election, general election in 1971. It was decided at that time that the membership of the Assembly would be twice that of the House. The 920 membership of MPR continued for the terms of 1977–1982 and 1982–1987. For the terms 1987–1992, 1992–1997, and 1997–1999 the MPR's membership became 1000. One hundred members were appointed representing delegations from groups as addition to the faction delegates of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto led Indonesia through a dictatorship for 31 years, from the fall of Sukarno in 1967 until his own resignation in 1998. The legacy of his 31-year rule, and his US$38 billion net worth, is still debated at home and abroad. Suharto was born in the small village of Kemusuk, in the Godean area near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation era, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indonesian security forces. During Indonesia's independence struggle, he joined the newly formed Indonesian Army. There, Suharto rose to the rank of major g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amirmachmud
Amir Machmud (21 February 1923 – 21 April 1995) was an Indonesian military general who was an eyewitness to the signing of the Supersemar document transferring power from President Sukarno to General Suharto. Early life Amir Machmud was born on 21 February 1923 in Cimahi, West Java. He was the second of five siblings and his father worked for a public company under the Dutch Colonial Government. He was educated at the "Ardjoena" ''Hollandsch-Inlandsche School'' in Bandung, gradiating in 1938. He continued his education at a technical school for a further two years, then in 1941 he took a topography course. Military career The Japanese Occupation In 1942, the Dutch Colonial Government was defeated by the Japanese Imperial Army and Indonesia came under the occupation of the Japanese Empire. By 1943, with the tide of the war beginning to turn against them, the Japanese established Defenders of the Homeland (PETA), an auxiliary force made up of Indonesians designed to bolster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guided Democracy In Indonesia
Guided Democracy () was the political system in place in Indonesia from 1959 until the New Order began in 1966. It was the brainchild of President Sukarno, and was an attempt to bring about political stability. Sukarno believed that the parliamentarian system implemented during the liberal democracy period in Indonesia was ineffective due to its divisive political situation at that time. Instead, he sought a system based on the traditional village system of discussion and consensus, which occurred under the guidance of village elders. With the declaration of martial law and the introduction of this system, Indonesia returned to the presidential system and Sukarno became the head of government again. Sukarno proposed a threefold blend of (nationalism), (religion), and (communism) into a co-operative Nas-A-Kom or Nasakom governmental concept. This was intended to satisfy the four main factions in Indonesian politics—the army, the secular nationalists, Islamic groups, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventje Sumual
Herman Nicolas Ventje Sumual (11 June 1923 – 28 March 2010) was a military officer involved in the Indonesian National Revolution. His appointments include regional commander of KODAM VII/Wirabuana, but he is best known as the leader of the Permesta Permesta was a rebel movement in Indonesia, its name based on the Universal Struggle Charter (or ''Piagam Perjuangan Semesta'') that was declared on 2 March 1957 by civil and military leaders in East Indonesia. Initially the center of the movem ... movement. References * Matindas, Benny, and Supit, Bert (1998) ''Ventje Sumual, Pemimpin Yang Menatap Hanya Ke Depan: Biografi Seorang Patriot, Filsuf, Gembong Pemberontak (Ventje Sumual, a Leader that only Looks Forward: A biography of a Patriot, Philosopher, Rebel)'', Bina Insani, Jakarta {{DEFAULTSORT:Sumual, Ventje 1923 births 2010 deaths People from Manado Indonesian Christians Minahasa people People from Minahasa Regency Indonesian military personnel Indonesian re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permesta
Permesta was a rebel movement in Indonesia, its name based on the Universal Struggle Charter (or ''Piagam Perjuangan Semesta'') that was declared on 2 March 1957 by civil and military leaders in East Indonesia. Initially the center of the movement was in Makassar, which at that time was the capital of the province of Sulawesi. However, support for the movement in South Sulawesi gradually dissipated, forcing the headquarters to move to Manado in North Sulawesi. On 17 February 1958, Permesta joined forces with the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI or ''Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia'') based in Sumatra that declared a revolutionary government two days earlier. Following successful attacks by government forces ( TNI) from the Indonesian central government on the PRRI in Sumatra, the conflict swung to the east where the Permesta rebels were based. Manado was captured at the end of June 1958. However, the Permesta rebels continued their resistanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
