Taoyuan () is a special municipality located in northwestern

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

, neighboring

New Taipei City New Taipei City is a Special municipality (Taiwan), special municipality located in regions of Taiwan, northern Taiwan. The city is home to an estimated population of 4,004,367 as of January 2023, making it the most populous city in Taiwan, a ...

to the north-east, Yilan County to the south-east, and

Hsinchu County Hsinchu is a County (Taiwan), county in Regions of Taiwan, north-western Taiwan. The population of the county is mainly Hakka people, Hakka; with a Taiwanese aboriginal minority in the southeastern part of the county. Zhubei is the county seat ...

to the south-west.

Taoyuan District Taoyuan District () is a District (Taiwan), district of Taoyuan City in northwestern Taiwan. Formerly a county-administered city also known as Taoyuan City () before 2014, when the former Taoyuan County was elevated to a special municipality (Ta ...

is the seat of the municipal government and which, along with

Zhongli District Zhongli District () is a District (Taiwan), district in Taoyuan City, Taiwan. Zhongli is spelled variously as ''Jungli'', ''Jongli'', ''Jhongli'' or ''Chungli'' on railway stations, bus stops and road signs. Historically, the city is the site of t ...

, forms a large

metropolitan area A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban area, urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories which share Industry (economics), industries, commercial areas, Transport infrastructure, transport network ...

. Taoyuan developed from a

satellite city A satellite city or satellite town is a smaller municipality or settlement that is part of (or on the edge of) a larger metropolitan area and serves as a regional population and employment center. It differs from mere suburbs, Subdivision (la ...

Taipei metropolitan area , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Countr ...

to become the fourth-largest metropolitan area, and fifth-largest populated city in Taiwan. "Taoyuan" literally means "peach garden" in Chinese, since the area used to have many peach trees. Formerly a county, Taoyuan became the latest new founding special municipality in 2014. Taoyuan City is home to many

industrial parks An industrial park, also known as industrial estate or trading estate, is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more heavyweight version of a business park or office park ...

and tech company headquarters. Due to the city's proximity to

Taipei , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country ...

, and the lower

cost of living The cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living for an individual or a household. Changes in the cost of living over time can be measured in a cost-of-living index. Cost of living calculations are also used to compare t ...

, Taoyuan has had the fastest population growth of any city in Taiwan in recent decades. The city is also home to 116,000

foreign workers Foreign workers or guest workers are people who work in a country other than one of which they are a citizen. Some foreign workers use a guest worker program in a country with more preferred job prospects than in their home country. Guest worke ...

, with many coming from

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

and working in factories or as household caregivers.

Taoyuan International Airport Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (Traditional Chinese: 臺灣桃園國際機場) is the main international airport serving Taiwan, particularly the northern region and Taipei. Located in Dayuan District, Dayuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Taoyuan, ...

, which serves the capital,

Taipei , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country ...

and the rest of northern Taiwan, is located in this city.

History

Early history

In ancient times, the Taoyuan plateau was the home of the

Taiwanese plains aborigines Plains indigenous peoples, also known as Pingpu people ( zh, c=平埔族群, p=Píngpu zúqún, poj=Pêⁿ-po͘-cho̍k-kûn) and previously as plain aborigines, are Taiwanese indigenous peoples originally residing in lowland regions, as opposed ...

. In prehistory, the Ketagalan people settled in '. In the early years of Dutch colonization, Spanish colonization, and

Zheng He Zheng He (also romanized Cheng Ho; 1371–1433/1435) was a Chinese eunuch, admiral and diplomat from the early Ming dynasty, who is often regarded as the greatest admiral in History of China, Chinese history. Born into a Muslims, Muslim famil ...

of the

Ming Dynasty The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...

, there were no large-scale cultivation or industrial activities. During the Qing era, a number of people from

Fujian Province Fujian is a province in southeastern China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou and its largest prefecture city by population is Qua ...

and

Guangdong province ) means "wide" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. The name "''Guang''" ultimately came from Guangxin ( zh, labels=no, first=t, t= , s=广信), an outpost established in Han dynasty ...

began to immigrate into present-day Taoyuan to develop and farm the land. They planted peach trees, which, when fully bloomed in spring, were so beautiful that the people named the land ''Toahong'' ().

Empire of Japan

In November 1901, during Japanese era, a local administrative office, , was established in the area, and renamed in 1905. In 1920, the ''Tōen'' area was incorporated into

Shinchiku Prefecture was one of the administrative divisions of Taiwan during the Japanese era. The prefecture consisted of modern-day Hsinchu City, Hsinchu County, Taoyuan City, and Miaoli County. Population Administrative divisions Cities and districts In ...

. During the Japanese era, the staged migration policy caused Taoyuan to develop into a city with a variety of cultures. For example, temples and worship paths (currently the Taoyuan Martyrs Shrine) symbolized cultural systems. were used to represent military systems, and the old Taoyuan City Office signified political systems.

Republic of China

After the transfer from Japan to the Republic of China, the present day-area of Taoyuan City was incorporated under

. In 1950,

Taoyuan County Taoyuan County () is under the administration of Changde, Hunan, Hunan Province, China. The Yuan River, a tributary of the Yangtze, flows through Taoyuan. It covers an area of 4441 square kilometers, of which is arable land. It is from Zhangji ...

was established by separating it from Hsinchu County. On 21 April 1971,

Taoyuan City Taoyuan () is a special municipality located in northwestern Taiwan, neighboring New Taipei City to the north-east, Yilan County to the south-east, and Hsinchu County to the south-west. Taoyuan District is the seat of the municipal gove ...

was made the county seat of Taoyuan County. It had 6

cities A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

, 1 urban

township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...

and 6

rural In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry are typically desc ...

townships. In June 2009, the

Executive Yuan The Executive Yuan () is the executive (government), executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Under the Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China, amended constitution, the head of the Execut ...

approved the plan to upgrade Taoyuan from a county to a special municipality. On 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County was upgraded into a special municipality of Taoyuan City ().

Geography

Taoyuan is located approximately southwest of

Taipei , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country ...

, in northern Taiwan, and occupies . It is made up of low-lying plains, interconnected mountains and plateaus. Its shape has a long and narrow southeast-to-northwest trend, with the southeast in the

Xueshan Range The Xueshan Range is a mountain range in northern Taiwan. It is bordered by the Chungyang Range to the southeast. The tallest peak of the Xueshan Range is Xueshan, Xueshan/Sekuwan, which has a height of . Shei-Pa National Park is located around ...

and the far end on the shores of the

Taiwan Strait The Taiwan Strait is a strait separating the island of Taiwan and the Asian continent. The strait is part of the South China Sea and connects to the East China Sea to the north. The narrowest part is wide. Names Former names of the Tai ...

. There are many irrigation ponds at Taoyuan Plateau, which caused Taoyuan to earn the nickname "Thousand-pond Township" ().

Climate

Taoyuan has a

humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...

, with mild to warm winters and hot summers, typical of northern Taiwan.

Ethnic composition

Han Chinese

Hoklo

As of most of the cities and urban towns of Taiwan, Minnan people (Hoklos) are one of the largest ethnic groups of Taoyuan, most of whom live in northern Taoyuan (北桃園) which comprises the northern districts of Taoyuan, including Taoyuan city centre, Bade, Daxi,

Dayuan Dayuan (or Tayuan; ; Middle Chinese ''dâiC-jwɐn'' <

LHC

: ''dɑh-ʔyɑn'') is the Chinese

Guishan and Luzhu, and the city seat of government,

citycentre.

Hakka

The

Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka-speaking Chinese, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas, are a southern Han Chinese subgroup whose principal settlements and ancestral homes are dispersed widely across the provinces of southern China ...

are the second-largest ethnic group in the city after the Minnan ethnicity (Hoklo) who won against the Hakkas in clan wars moved to the poor mountainous regions in southern Taoyuan, most of the Hakka peasants live in the rural peasant village areas of southern Taoyuan (南桃園), which includes Zhongli, Pingzhen, Yangmei, Longtan,

Guanyin Guanyin () is a common Chinese name of the bodhisattva associated with Karuṇā, compassion known as Avalokiteśvara (). Guanyin is short for Guanshiyin, which means " he One WhoPerceives the Sounds of the World". Originally regarded as m ...

and Xinwu districts. With more than 785,000 Hakka people, Taoyuan hosts the largest Hakka population among all of Taiwan's administrative divisions.

Waishengren

After the

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermitt ...

, many people from mainland China (unaffectionately referred to as "

Waishengren ''Waishengren'', sometimes called mainlanders, are a group of migrants who arrived in Taiwan from mainland China between the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945 and sometime following the Kuomintang retreat at the end of the ...

") settled in the then-

after the retreat of the

nationalist government The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT ...

in 1949. Most of them live in

military dependents' village Military dependents' villages () are communities in Taiwan built in the late 1940s and the 1950s whose original purpose was to serve as provisional housing for soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines of the Republic of China Armed Forces, along ...

s in Zhongli, Pingzhen and Guishan. Longgang is well known for its immigrants from

Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...

, featuring many Yunnan-style restaurants.

Indigenous peoples

Most

Taiwanese indigenous peoples Taiwanese indigenous peoples, formerly called Taiwanese aborigines, are the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, with the nationally recognized subgroups numbering about 600,303 or 3% of the Geography of Taiwan, island's population. This total is incr ...

in the city live in Fuxing District, with most of them belonging to the

Atayal people The Atayal (Atayal language, Atayal: Tayal), also known as the Tayal and the Tayan, are a Taiwanese indigenous peoples, Taiwanese indigenous people. The Atayal people number around 90,000, approximately 15.9% of Taiwan's total indigenous popula ...

. Outside of the Fuxing District, Taoyuan is the one Special Municipality of Taiwan that has no Aboriginal populations, appearing on related maps as empty.

Economy

Taoyuan is one of the Taiwan's top industrial and technological cities. High-tech companies including Quanta,

MiTAC MiTAC Holdings Corporation, formerly MiTAC International Corp. () is a Taiwanese electronics company established 8 December 1982. It is a subsidiary of MiTAC-Synnex Group. Through a 100% stock swap from MiTAC International Corp., MiTAC Holdings ...

, Inotera,

Nanya Technology Formosa Plastics Group (FPG, ) is a titular Taiwanese conglomerate of diverse interests, including biotechnology, petrochemical processing and production of electronics components. The group was founded by Wang Yung-ching and his brother Wan ...

HTC HTC Corporation ( zh, t=宏達國際電子股份有限公司, p=Hóngdá Guójì Diànzǐ Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī, first=t), or High Tech Computer Corporation (abbreviated and trading as HTC), is a Taiwanese consumer electronics corporatio ...

, CPT and

AU Optronics AUO Corporation (AUO; ) is a Taiwanese company that specialises in optoelectronics. It was formed in September 2001 by the merger of Acer Display Technology, Inc. (the predecessor of AUO, established in 1996) and Unipac Optoelectronics Corpora ...

have all opted to build or expand their factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has now become a bastion of electronics and

semiconductor A semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Its conductivity can be modified by adding impurities (" doping") to its crystal structure. When two regions with different doping level ...

manufacturing. Over 200 of Taiwan's top 500 manufacturing companies have factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has also led Taiwan in terms of industrial output for nine straight years. There are now 29 registered industrial areas with of non-urban industrial land and of urban industrial land. There are over of land available for factories and industrial use in the city, representing the fact that Taoyuan's development bureau is based on industry and commerce. There are also 9 sites (57 ha; 140 acres) for mixed industrial-commercial use, the most of any county and city in Taiwan. On 26 March 2010,

China Airlines China Airlines (CAL; zh, t=中華航空, poj=Tiong-hôa Hâng-khong, p=Zhōnghuá Hángkōng, first=t, c=, s=) is the state-owned flag carrier of the Taiwan, Republic of China (Taiwan). It is one of Taiwan's two major airlines, along with E ...

(Taiwan's government-owned airline) moved into its new headquarters on the grounds of Taipei Taoyuan International Airport and in Dayuan Township in Taoyuan County (now Dayuan District, Taoyuan).

EVA Air EVA Airways Corporation ( ; ) () is an international airline headquartered in Taoyuan City. It is one of the two largest airlines in Taiwan along with state-owned China Airlines. The privately owned airline operates passenger and dedicated c ...

maintains its headquarters in Luzhu District. Evergreen Airlines Services Corporation, Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corp., and Evergreen Air Cargo Services Corporation, subsidiaries of

Evergreen Group The Evergreen Group () is the Business group, organizational designation used by a Taiwan-based Conglomerate (company), conglomerate of shipping, transportation, and associated service companies. The Evergreen Group arose in 1975 from the diver ...

, are headquartered in Dayuan. On 25 December 2016, The Asia Silicon Valley Development Agency (ASVDA) was inaugurated in northern Taoyuan City, in a governmental effort to foster innovation, promote the

Internet of Things Internet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other communication networks. The IoT encompasse ...

(IoT) sector and attract top-class technology talent. The Asia Silicon Valley Development Plan aimed to transform Taiwan into an R&D hub for the IoT sector as well as a global center of entrepreneurship.

Industry and environment

A former

RCA RCA Corporation was a major American electronics company, which was founded in 1919 as the Radio Corporation of America. It was initially a patent pool, patent trust owned by General Electric (GE), Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghou ...

facility is located in the city. The RCA facility is the source of significant

trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an organochloride with the formula C2HCl3, commonly used as an industrial metal-degreasing solvent. It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like pleasant mild smell and sweet taste.

contamination.

Tourism

Historical sites

*Daxi Old Street : Daxi Old Street is one of the more famous Taiwanese old streets. It used to be a bustling hub for

camphor Camphor () is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma. It is classified as a terpenoid and a cyclic ketone. It is found in the wood of the camphor laurel (''Cinnamomum camphora''), a large evergreen tree found in East Asia; and in the kapu ...

and the

tea Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of '' Camellia sinensis'', an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of south-western China and nor ...

trade, filled with diverse stores with façades designed in a

Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...

style. The street also has the

Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum The Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum () is a museum complex in Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The idea of ecomuseum is based on Scandinavian concept which emphasizes the integration between local communities and the preservation of cultural assets. ...

, which includes buildings such as Daxi Butokuden and

Lee Teng-fan's Ancient Residence The Lee Teng-fan's Ancient Residence () is a former residence in Yuemei Village, Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The residence is part of Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum. History The residence building was built in 1859 after Teng-fan was recommen ...

. *Furen Temple : Furen Temple was established in 1813, dedicated to Kai Zhang Sheng Wang and the temple is located along Daxi Old Street in Daxi District. *Tianhou Temple : Tianhou Temple was established in 1826, and is located in Xinwu District. The temple built a magnificent bronze statue of Goddess

Mazu Mazu or Matsu is a sea goddess in Chinese folk religion, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. She is also known by several other names and titles. Mazu is the deified form of Lin Moniang (), a shamaness from Fujian who is said to ...

in 2002, which is the 2nd-tallest statue of Mazu in Taiwan and the 3rd-tallest in the world. *Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine : Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine is one of the best-kept Shinto shrines outside Japan.

Nature attractions

*Shimen Reservoir Shihmen Reservoir is one of Taiwan's major reservoirs. Once the largest water conservancy project in

, visitors may find many restaurants open near the reservoir serving fresh reservoir fish delicacies. There is also a bikeway surrounding the back pond. Shimen Reservoir provides almost all of the water in Taoyuan, as well as to New Taipei City's Xinzhuang, Banqiao, and Linkou districts. *Lala Mountain : Lala Mountain is one of Taiwan's "natural protection zones," including 500- to 2,800-year-old divine trees and the "No. 5 Divine Tree," which predates Confucius.

Museums and art centers

*Taoyuan Arts Center :

Taoyuan Arts Center The Taoyuan Arts Center () is a performance center located in Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. It is situated in the Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District. History The center was opened in 2010. Architecture The building ...

is the main performance center in Taoyuan, located in

Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District ( zh, 桃園中正藝文特區) is located on the north side of Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The total area of Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District is . It was de ...

. *Hengshan Calligraphy Art Center : Hengshan Calligraphy Art Center is the first official art museum in Taiwan with the theme of

calligraphy Calligraphy () is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instruments. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an e ...

Others

*Cihu Mausoleum :

Cihu Mausoleum Cihu Mausoleum (), officially known as the Mausoleum of Late President Chiang () or President Chiang Kai-shek Mausoleum, is the temporary resting place of President Chiang Kai-shek. It is located in Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. When Chia ...

is the final resting place of the former president of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek. *Window on China Theme Park :The Window on China Theme Park is one of Taiwan's earliest theme parks, established in 1984. The park consists of three areas: Mini World, Water Park, and Amusement Park. The park features numerous small-scale replicas of many famous world landmarks. *Longgang Mosque :The Longgang Mosque in

is Taiwan's fifth mosque. It was originally built in 1967 to serve an area with many

Taiwanese Muslims Islam is a minor religion in Taiwan and it represents about 0.25% of the population. There are around 60,000 Muslims in Taiwan, in which about 90% belong to the Hui people, Hui ethnic group. There are also more than 250,000 foreign Muslims w ...

. *Taoyuan Aquarium Xpark : Xpark is a

public aquarium A public aquarium () or public water zoo is the aquatic counterpart of a zoo, which houses living aquatic animal and aquatic plant, plant specimens for public viewing. Most public aquariums feature tanks larger than those kept by home aquarists, ...

operated by

Yokohama Hakkeijima is an amusement park consisting of an aquarium, shopping mall, hotel, marina and amusement rides. It is located in Hakkeijima, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. It opened for business on May 8, 1993. It is a pay-as-you-go theme park, ha ...

. The Taiwanese

sea A sea is a large body of salt water. There are particular seas and the sea. The sea commonly refers to the ocean, the interconnected body of seawaters that spans most of Earth. Particular seas are either marginal seas, second-order section ...

-themed tank "Formosa" is popular. File:Taiwan ShihMan Reservoir.JPG, Shihmen Reservoir File:Cihu President Chiang Mausoleum entrance.JPG,

of Chiang Kai-shek File:LonggangMosque.jpg, Longgang Mosque

Government and politics

The

Taoyuan City Government The Taoyuan City Government (TYCG; ) is the municipal government of Taoyuan, Taiwan. History Originally established as Taoyuan County, the county was upgraded to Taoyuan City on 25 December 2014. Organization * Department of Civil Affairs * De ...

is the municipal government of Taoyuan. The

Taoyuan City Council The Taoyuan City Council (TYCC; ) is the elected municipal council of Taoyuan City, Republic of China (Taiwan). The council composes of 60 councillors elected once every four years by single non-transferable vote, most recently in the 2022 Taiwan ...

is the elected municipal council of Taoyuan, the council composes of 60 councillors elected once every four years by single non-transferable vote.

Mayor

In 2001,

Eric Chu Eric Li-luan Chu (; born on 7 June 1961) is a Taiwanese politician, statistician, and academic who is currently the Chairman of the Kuomintang, chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT). Born into a political family with strong ties to the Kuomintan ...

of the

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the one party state, sole ruling party of the country Republic of China (1912-1949), during its rule from 1927 to 1949 in Mainland China until Retreat ...

defeated

Democratic Progressive Party The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is a centre to centre-left Taiwanese nationalist political party in Taiwan. As the dominant party in the Pan-Green Coalition, one of the two main political camps in Taiwan, the DPP is currently the ...

incumbent Peng Shao-Chin in the race for Taoyuan County magistrate. Peng had inherited the magistrate position after

Annette Lu Lu Hsiu-lien (; born 7 June 1944), also known by her English name Annette, is a Taiwanese politician and lawyer. A feminist active in the tangwai movement, she joined the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in 1990, and was elected to the Legis ...

vacated the post to serve as vice president. Chu ran for re-election in 2005 and defeated DPP challenger Pao-Ching Cheng, CEO of the Taiwan Salt Company. In 2009, John Wu of the KMT defeated his DPP opponent,

Cheng Wen-tsan Cheng Wen-tsan (; born 6 July 1967) is a Taiwanese politician who has served as the vice premier of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2023 to 2024 and chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation briefly in 2024. A member of the Democratic Pro ...

and became the Magistrate of Taoyuan County. In 2014, following the upgrade of Taoyuan County to Taoyuan City,

of the DPP won the Taoyuan City mayoral election and became the city's first mayor. In 2022 Taoyuan City mayoral election,

Chang San-cheng Chang San-cheng (; born 24 June 1954), also known by his English name Simon Chang, is a Taiwanese civil engineer, academic, and politician who has served as the mayor of Taoyuan City since 2022. He previously served as Premier of Taiwan from 1 ...

of the KMT was elected as the new mayor.

Administrative divisions

Taoyuan City is divided into 12 municipal

districts A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...

and 1 mountain indigenous district. The city government is located within

. Colors indicate the common language status of

and

Formosan languages The Formosan languages are a geographic grouping comprising the languages of the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, all of which are Austronesian. They do not form a single subfamily of Austronesian but rather up to nine separate primary subfamili ...

within each division. Prior to becoming a municipality on 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County used to have 6 county-administered cities (Bade, Luzhu, Pingzhen, Taoyuan, Yangmei, Zhongli), 1 urban township (Daxi), 5 rural townships (Dayuan, Guanyin, Guishan, Longtan, Xinwu), and 1 Mountain indigenous township (Fuxing).

Education

Public universities

* Central Police University *

National Central University National Central University (; abbreviated NCU; ) is a public research university based in Taiwan. It was founded in 1902 in Nanjing; initially located in Miaoli after moving to Taiwan, it relocated to Zhongli in 1962 and developed into a com ...

National Defense University National Defence (or Defense) University (or College) may refer to: :''Alphabetical by country'' University * Marshal Fahim National Defense University, Afghanistan * National Defense University (Azerbaijan) * People's Liberation Army National Defe ...

National Taiwan Sport University The National Taiwan Sport University (NTSU; ) is a public university specializing in sports in Taoyuan City, Taoyuan, Taiwan. NTSU offers a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs, including bachelor's and master's degrees in fields suc ...

Private universities

Chang Gung University Chang Gung University (CGU; ) is a private university in Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. History The institution was established as the Chang Gung Medical College in April 1987. Engineering and management students have been accepted si ...

Ming Chuan University Ming Chuan University (MCU; ) is a private university with four campuses in Taipei, Taoyuan and Kinmen in Taiwan, as well as one in Michigan, United States. MCU also has international education centers in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and Thailand. ...

Chung Yuan Christian University Chung Yuan Christian University (CYCU; ) is a private university in Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The university was established as Chung Yuan Christian College of Science and Engineering in 1955 by a group of Taiwanese and American Ch ...

Kainan University Kainan University (KNU; ) is a private university located near Taoyuan International Airport, Taiwan. KNU was founded as Kainan Commercial and Technical High School in 1917. In January 1990, the school was upgraded to Kainan Institute of Techno ...

Yuan Ze University Yuan Ze University (YZU; ) is a private university located in Taoyuan City, Taiwan. Established in 1989, YZU campus is in Zhongli District, Taoyuan; Taipei; and Bade District, Taoyuan. Yuan Ze has five colleges, Engineering (accredited by IEET), ...

Technical and vocational universities

* Chien Hsin University of Science and Technology * Lunghwa University of Science and Technology * Vanung University

Military Academies

* Army Academy R.O.C. *

Republic of China Army The Republic of China Army ( Chinese, 中華民國陸軍) also known as the ROC Army (ROCA); colloquially the Taiwanese Army ( Chinese, 台湾陆军) by western or mainland Chinese media, or commonly referred as the National Military Army ( Chi ...

Communication, Electronics and Information School *

Chemical School *

Logistics School *

Republic of China Military Police The Republic of China Military Police (ROCMP; zh, t=中華民國憲兵, informally the Taiwanese Military Police) is a military police force operating under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China), Ministry of ...

School

Public high schools

* The Affiliated Jhongli Senior High School of National Central University * Taoyuan Municipal Nei Li Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Taoyuan Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Yang Mei Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Yang Ming Senior High School * Taoyuan Municipal Wu-Ling Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Dasi Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Dayuan International Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Nankan Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Pingjen Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Shoushan Senior High School * Taoyuan Municipal Yung-Feng High School *Taoyuan Municipal Yungfong Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Xinwu High School *Taoyuan Municipal Longtan Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal LuoFu Senior High School *Taoyuan Municipal Guanyin High School

Junior high schools

Elementary schools

International schools

* Taoyuan American School

Taoyuan Main Public Library

Taoyuan Main Public Library is the central library of Taoyuan, located in Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District. The new library building opened in December 2022. It was designed by T.C.K. Architect Engineer Planner and . It is the largest local public library in Taiwan.

Sports

The

Taoyuan International Baseball Stadium The Rakuten Taoyuan Baseball Stadium (), originally known as Taoyuan International Baseball Stadium () until Rakuten acquired the naming rights in 2022, is a multi-use stadium located in Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The stadium opened in 2009 and has a ...

is home to the

Rakuten Monkeys The Rakuten Monkeys (), formerly known as La New Bears (2004–2010) and Lamigo Monkeys (2011–2019), are a professional baseball team in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. Owned and administered by the Japanese technol ...

of the

Chinese Professional Baseball League The Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL; ) is the top-tier professional baseball league in Taiwan. The league was established in 1989 and played the first season in 1990. CPBL eventually absorbed the competing Taiwan Major League in 20 ...

(CPBL). Taoyuan also has two professional basketball teams, the Taoyuan Leopards of the

T1 League The T1 League ( zh, T1聯盟) was a professional basketball league in Taiwan. It was the third Taiwanese professional basketball league after the now-defunct Chinese Basketball Alliance (CBA; 1994–1999) and P. League+ (PLG; founded in 2020). ...

and the

Taoyuan Pauian Pilots Taoyuan Pauian Pilots () is a professional basketball team based in Taoyuan, Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lie ...

of the P. League+ (shared with

Changhua County Changhua (Wade-Giles: ''Chang¹-hua⁴'') is a Taiwanese County (Taiwan), county that is the smallest on the Geography of Taiwan, main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest in the country. With a total population of 1.24 million, Chan ...

). The Taoyuan County Stadium, built in 1993, is a multi-use stadium used mostly for

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...

matches that also has an

athletics track An all-weather running track is a rubberized, artificial Race track#Surfaces, running surface for track and field athletics. It provides a consistent surface for competitors to test their athletic ability unencumbered by adverse weather conditi ...

. The stadium has a capacity of 30,000 spectators. It is within walking distance southwest from

Taoyuan Senior High School Station Taoyuan Senior High School () was a railway station on the Taiwan Railways Administration Linkou line located in Taoyuan City, Taoyuan County (present-day Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City), Taiwan. History The train station was opened on 28 Octo ...

of the

Taiwan Railway Administration Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) was a governmental agency in Taiwan which operated Taiwan Railway from 1948 to 2023. It managed, maintained, and operated conventional passenger and freight railway services on of track. Passenger traffic ...

. The

Taoyuan Arena The Taoyuan Arena () is an indoor arena, indoor sporting arena located in Taoyuan City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan, Taoyuan County, Taiwan. The capacity of the arena is 15,000 and was opened in 1993. It is used to host indoor sporting events, such as ...

, also built in 1993, is an indoor sporting arena located in

. The concept of its roof structure was based on the bicycle structure, the outer ring (to bear pressure) and inner tire (to bear tensile strength) of the bicycle wheels are connected by cable wires. It occupies an area of with a capacity of 15,000 spectators. It is used to host indoor sporting events, such as

basketball Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appro ...

and

volleyball Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Summ ...

. The then-Taoyuan County is also the birthplace of Taiwanese

professional golfer A professional golfer is somebody who receives payments or financial rewards in the sport of golf that are directly related to their skill or reputation. A person who earns money by teaching or playing golf is traditionally considered a "golf pr ...

Yani Tseng Yani Tseng (; born 23 January 1989) is a Taiwanese professional golfer playing on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She is the youngest player ever, male or female, to win five major championships and was ranked number 1 in the Women's World Golf Ran ...

and

taekwondo Taekwondo (; ; ) is a Korean martial art and combat sport involving primarily kicking techniques and punching. "Taekwondo" can be translated as ''tae'' ("strike with foot"), ''kwon'' ("strike with hand"), and ''do'' ("the art or way"). In ad ...

athlete

Chu Mu-Yen Chu Mu-yen (; born 14 March 1982) is a Taiwanese Taekwondo athlete from Taiwan. He is the second Taiwanese athlete and the first male to win a gold medal at the Olympics, winning in men's under 58-kilogram class in Taekwondo at the Athens 2004 ...

. Recent major sporting events held by Taoyuan include: * 2004 Asian Karate Championships *

2011 BWF World Junior Championships The 2011 BWF World Junior Championships is the thirteenth tournament of the BWF World Junior Championships. This tournament was held in Taoyuan, Taiwan, Taoyuan, Taiwan at Taoyuan Arena from October 28 to November 6, 2011. Host city In June 2009 ...

* 2015 Asia Pacific Deaf Games *

2015 WBSC Premier12 The 2015 WBSC Premier12 was an international baseball championship sponsored by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), the inaugural event of the WBSC Premier12. It was held from November 8 to 21 in Taiwan and Japan. The South Korea ...

(co-hosted with

Taichung Taichung (, Wade–Giles: '), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality (Taiwan), special municipality in central Taiwan. Taichung is Taiwan's second-largest city, with more than 2.85 million residents, making it the largest city in Ce ...

Taipei , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country ...

, and

Yunlin Yunlin is a county in western Taiwan. Yunlin County borders the Taiwan Strait to the west, Nantou County to the east, Changhua County to the north at the Zhuoshui River, and Chiayi County to the south at the Beigang River. It has a population ...

(

Douliu Douliu (Hokkien POJ: ''Táu-la̍k'') is a county-administered city and the county seat of Yunlin County, Taiwan. It is also the political and economic center of the county. Douliu City is served by National Highway No. 3. Name Its former name ...

)) * 2018 World Taekwondo Grand Prix (Series 3) * 2019 WBSC Premier12 (co-hosted with

) * 2019 Asian Airgun Championships

Notable persons

(

Guishan District Guishan District () is a District (Taiwan), district in northeastern Taoyuan City, Taiwan. History Guishan was formerly known as ''Kulunsia'' ( (Ku-lun-siā)). The name originated from a hill by the Mercy Buddha Temple of Shou Shan Rock, built in ...

) * Lu Chao-Hsuan (

) *

Jerry Yan Jerry Yan (; born Liao Yang-zhen, January 1, 1977) is a Taiwanese actor, model and singer. A former member of boy band group F4, Yan is known for his lead role as Daoming Si in the Taiwanese drama '' Meteor Garden'' and its sequel. Early lif ...

(

Bade District Bade District () is a district in the central part of Taoyuan City, Taiwan (Republic of China.) It is the smallest district by area in Taoyuan City. History Bade City was originally established as Bakuaicuo (八塊厝) during Qing Dynasty ru ...

) *

(

) * Lin Chung-lung * Yeh Shuhua * Martino Yu

Transportation

Rail

Taiwan Railways Administration Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) was a governmental agency in Taiwan which operated Taiwan Railway from 1948 to 2023. It managed, maintained, and operated conventional passenger and freight Rail transport, railway services on of track. Pa ...

Western Line（ Taoyuan - '' Zhonglu'' - '' Taoyuan Hospital'' - Neili - '' Chungyuan'' - Zhongli - '' Pingzhen'' - Puxin - Yangmei -

Fugang Fugang may refer to: * Fugang Fishery Harbor, a harbor in Taitung City, Taitung County, Taiwan * Fugang railway station, a railway station on the Taiwan Railways Administration West Coast line * Fugang Residential Community (富冈社区), Chaol ...

- Xinfu） *

Taiwan High Speed Rail Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) is a high-speed railway network in Taiwan, which consists of a single line that runs approximately along the western coast of the island, from the capital Taipei in the north to the southern city of Kaohsiung. Its c ...

:Taoyuan HSR station, Taoyuan Station is located at the Qingpu (青埔) area, in

Mass Rapid Transit

The rapid transit system of the city is Taoyuan Metro and is operational since April 2017. *Lines and stations of the Taoyuan MRT System:

Road

National Highway No. 1 (Taiwan), National Highway No. 1 and National Highway No. 3 (Taiwan), 3 are nearby and connect via local highways to the city itself. National Highway No. 2 (Taiwan), National Highway No. 2 connects to

. Bridges in the city are Luofu Bridge.

Bus

* Taoyuan Bus Co. * Zhongli Bus Co.

Air

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport at Dayuan District is the largest airport in Taiwan. It serves as the main international hub for

and

. Taiwan Taoyuan handled 25,114,418 passengers in 2010. It is the fifteenth-busiest air freight hub in the world and thirteenth-busiest by international passenger traffic. Taipei Taoyuan International Airport currently has two terminals which are connected by two, short people movers. A third terminal and a rapid transit system linking the terminals together underground are currently under construction.

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

* Miaoli City, Taiwan (2006) * Incheon, South Korea (2009) * Narita, Chiba, Narita, Chiba Prefecture, Chiba, Japan (2016) * Ramat Gan, Israel (2016) * Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia (2017) * Grenoble, France (2018) * Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture, Miyazaki, Japan (2018) * Aur Atoll, Marshall Islands (2018) * Long Beach, California, United States (2022)

Sister county

* Alameda County, California, United States (1977)Alameda – Taoyuan Sister County Association – Homepage
Acgov.org. Retrieved on July 15, 2013. * Hartford County, Connecticut, United States (1982) * Dallas County, Texas, United States (2007)

Notes

Words in native languages

References

External links

* * * * {{Authority control Articles containing video clips Municipalities of Taiwan Taoyuan City,

History

Early history

Empire of Japan

Republic of China

Geography

Climate

Ethnic composition

Han Chinese

Hoklo

Hakka

Waishengren

Indigenous peoples

Economy

Industry and environment

Tourism

Historical sites

Nature attractions

Museums and art centers

Others

Government and politics

Mayor

Administrative divisions

Education

Public universities

Private universities

Technical and vocational universities

Military Academies

Public high schools

Junior high schools

Elementary schools

International schools

Taoyuan Main Public Library

Sports

Notable persons

Transportation

Rail

Mass Rapid Transit

Road

Bus

Air

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Sister county

See also

Notes

Words in native languages

References

External links