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2011 Bloc Québécois Leadership Election
The 2011 Bloc Québécois leadership election was held on December 11, 2011, to replace Gilles Duceppe, who resigned on May 2 after the party lost 43 of its 47 seats, including his own seat, in the 2011 federal election. It was won by Daniel Paillé. Voter turnout for the leadership election was 38%. Timeline *March 15, 1997: Gilles Duceppe wins the leadership election taking over for Michel Gauthier as party president (leader). *March 25, 2011: Stephen Harper's government is defeated in a Motion of no confidence losing 156—145 which sets-up the May 2 election. *May 2, 2011: The election is held. The Bloc Québécois won only 4 ridings after having 47 at dissolution of Parliament. The party lost official party status. Gilles Duceppe loses his own riding in Laurier—Sainte-Marie and announces his resignation. *May 3, 2011: Vivian Barbot becomes interim president after failing to regain her riding the night before. *May 11, 2011: Former MP Pierre Paquette announces his in ...
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1997 Bloc Québécois Leadership Election
The 1997 Bloc Québécois leadership election was the leadership election that picked the new leader to replace Michel Gauthier as leader. The leadership election was conducted by a one member one vote, one member, one vote (OMOV) process involving all party members. Voters were asked to list their first, second and third choices on the ballot. Bloc MP Gilles Duceppe won the leadership election. Timeline *February 17, 1996: Michel Gauthier became leader of the Bloc Québécois. *March 15, 1997: Gilles Duceppe won the leadership election on the 2nd ballot. Candidates Result Notes Sources

Bloc Québécois leadership elections, 1997 1997 elections in Canada 1997 in Quebec 1997 political party leadership elections March 1997 in Canada Gilles Duceppe {{Canada-election-stub ...
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Stephen Harper
Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is a Canadian politician who served as the 22nd prime minister of Canada from 2006 to 2015. He is to date the only prime minister to have come from the modern-day Conservative Party of Canada, serving as the party's first leader from 2004 to 2015. Since 2018, he has also been the chairman of the International Democracy Union. Harper studied economics, earning a bachelor's degree in 1985 and a master's degree in 1991 at the University of Calgary. He was one of the founders of the Reform Party of Canada and was first elected in 1993 in Calgary West. He did not seek re-election in the 1997 federal election, instead joining and later leading the National Citizens Coalition, a conservative lobbyist group. In 2002, he succeeded Stockwell Day as leader of the Canadian Alliance, the successor to the Reform Party, and returned to parliament as leader of the Official Opposition. In 2003, Harper negotiated the merger of the Canadian Al ...
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Sainte-Flavie, Quebec
Sainte-Flavie () is a parish municipality in the La Mitis Regional County Municipality of Quebec, Canada, located on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River, about northwest of Mont-Joli. It is named after Flavia, a martyred saint. Sainte-Flavie is the westernmost point of Route 132's loop around the Gaspé Peninsula at which the road intersects with itself. History Formerly, the territory of the municipality covered a much larger area, extending deeper inland until what is the current municipality of Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc. In 1696, Louis de Buade de Frontenac, governor of New France, ceded the territory as a seigneury to Louis Lepage and Gabriel Thibierge. The territory was given the name of Lepage. However, the demographic development of the seigneury was long and progressive. Seigneur Lepage and Thibierge seemed to have little interest in clearing the land. They mostly contented themselves with hunting and fishing. The seigneury passed into the hands of the wealthy m ...
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Le Devoir
(, ) is a French-language newspaper published in Montreal and distributed in Quebec and throughout Canada. It was founded by journalist and politician Henri Bourassa in 1910. is one of few independent large-circulation newspapers in Quebec (and one of the few in Canada) in a market dominated by the media conglomerate Quebecor (including ). Historically was considered Canada's francophone newspaper of record, although by the end of the 20th century, that title was mostly used for its competitor . History Henri Bourassa, a young Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal Party MP from Montreal, rose to national prominence in 1899 when he resigned his seat in Parliament of Canada, Parliament in protest at the Liberal government's decision to send troops to support the British in the South African War of 1899–1902. Bourassa was opposed to all Canadian participation in British wars and would go on to become a key figure in fighting for an independent Canadian foreign policy. He is co ...
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Louis Plamondon
Louis Plamondon (born July 31, 1943) is a Canadian politician who has served as a member of Parliament (MP) since his election in 1984. As the longest-serving current member of the House of Commons, Plamondon is Dean of the House, and holds the record as Canada's longest-serving dean. He represents Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel (formerly known as Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour and Richelieu) and briefly served as the 38th speaker of the House of Commons in an interim capacity in 2023. Plamondon is a member of the Bloc Québécois; he was first elected as a Progressive Conservative (PC), until leaving the PC caucus in 1990. Plamondon has won his seat in twelve consecutive federal elections, winning twice as a Progressive Conservative before becoming a founding member of the Bloc Québécois in 1990, after which he has been re-elected ten more times. He, along with six other Bloc MPs, resigned from the Bloc's caucus to sit as an independent MP on February 28, 2018 c ...
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Quebec
Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast and a coastal border with the territory of Nunavut. In the south, it shares a border with the United States. Between 1534 and 1763, what is now Quebec was the List of French possessions and colonies, French colony of ''Canada (New France), Canada'' and was the most developed colony in New France. Following the Seven Years' War, ''Canada'' became a Territorial evolution of the British Empire#List of territories that were once a part of the British Empire, British colony, first as the Province of Quebec (1763–1791), Province of Quebec (1763–1791), then Lower Canada (1791–1841), and lastly part of the Province of Canada (1841–1867) as a result of the Lower Canada Rebellion. It was Canadian Confederation, ...
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Pierre Paquette
Pierre A. Paquette (born June 1, 1955) is a Canadian economist, professor, union leader and politician. Born in Sorel, Quebec, Paquette was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a member of the Bloc Québécois in the 2000 Canadian federal election in the riding of Joliette. He was re-elected in the 2004 Canadian federal election defeating the Liberal candidate by nearly 20,000 votes. He is the Bloc former critic of International Financial Institutions and Finance, and is the current critic of Globalization, Financial Institutions, and International Trade. After his promotion to House Leader in April 2007, many pundits claimed he was being groomed as Gilles Duceppe's successor. Paquette made no attempt to dispel rumours that he was considering a run for BQ leadership, openly stating he was "considering" a run during the 24-hour period in which it seemed Duceppe would depart for the 2007 Parti Québécois leadership election. Paquette was the Bloc's House Leader un ...
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Papineau (electoral District)
Papineau (; formerly Papineau—Saint-Denis and Papineau—Saint-Michel) is a federal electoral district (riding) in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 1948. Its population in 2016 was 110,750. Justin Trudeau, the former Prime Minister of Canada and former leader of the Liberal Party, represented the riding from the 2008 federal election until he resigned in 2025. Trudeau became Liberal leader in a 2013 leadership election, succeeding Bob Rae, and prime minister when the Liberals returned to government in the 2015 Canadian federal election, succeeding Conservative leader Stephen Harper. The name of the riding comes from a street in the Villeray neighbourhood, named after Joseph Papineau. At , it covers the second smallest area of any federal riding in Canada after Toronto Centre. Linguistically, 45% of residents list French as their mother tongue, 8% list English, and 47% list neither English nor French, with large groups spea ...
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Laurier—Sainte-Marie
Laurier—Sainte-Marie () is a federal Electoral district (Canada), electoral district in Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada, which has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada, House of Commons since the 1988 Canadian federal election, 1988 federal election. Its 2016 population was 111,835. 2019 Canadian federal election, Since 2019, its Member of Parliament (Canada), member of Parliament (MP) has been Steven Guilbeault of the Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal Party. Geography The district includes Côte Saint-Louis and the eastern parts of the Plateau and Mile End, Montreal, Mile End in the Borough of Le Plateau-Mont-Royal and the eastern part of Downtown Montreal and the western part of Centre-Sud (including part of the neighbourhood of Sainte-Marie, Montreal, Sainte-Marie) in the Borough of Ville-Marie, Montreal, Ville-Marie. History In 1987, the district of "Laurier—Sainte-Marie" was created from Laurier (federal electoral district), Laurier, Hochelaga (electora ...
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Montreal Gazette
''The Gazette'', also known as the ''Montreal Gazette'', is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper which is owned by Postmedia Network. It is published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is the only English-language daily newspaper currently published in Montreal. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of the 20th century. It is one of the French-speaking province's last two English-language dailies; the other is the ''Sherbrooke Record'', which serves the anglophone community in Sherbrooke and the Eastern Townships southeast of Montreal. Founded in 1778 by Fleury Mesplet, ''The Gazette'' is Quebec's oldest daily newspaper and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Canada. The oldest newspaper overall is the English-language ''Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph'', which was established in 1764 and is published weekly. History Fleury Mesplet founded a French-language weekly newspaper called ''La Gazette du c ...
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Official Party Status
Official party status refers to the Westminster system, Westminster practice which is used in the Parliament of Canada and the provincial legislatures of recognizing Parliamentary group, parliamentary caucuses of political parties. In parliamentary documents, this is sometimes referred to as being a recognized party (). History Traditionally in Westminster system, Westminster-style parliaments, the only non-governmental member other than the speaker with a recognized status is the Leader of the Opposition. This would be the member who had the widest support among opposition MPs, who would take the lead in questioning the government during parliamentary debates, and who would traditionally be called upon by the Monarch or Governor General to attempt to form a government if the previous government lost the confidence of the House. As political parties became more formalized in the 20th century, some Westminster parliaments (particularly in Canada, but also elsewhere) began to recogni ...
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Toronto Star
The ''Toronto Star'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and part of Torstar's Daily News Brands (Torstar), Daily News Brands division. The newspaper was established in 1892 as the ''Evening Star'' and was later renamed the ''Toronto Daily Star'' in 1900, under Joseph E. Atkinson. Atkinson was a major influence in shaping the editorial stance of the paper, with the paper reflecting his principles until his death in 1948. His son-in-law, Harry C. Hindmarsh, shared those principles as the paper's longtime managing editor while also helping to build circulation with sensational stories, bold headlines and dramatic photos. The paper was renamed the ''Toronto Star'' in 1971 and introduced a Sunday edition in 1977. History The ''Star'' was created in 1892 by striking ''Toronto News'' printers and writers, led by future mayor of Toronto and social reformer Horatio Clarence Hocke ...
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