|
Émile Peynaud
Émile Peynaud (29 June 1912 – 18 July 2004) was a French oenologist and researcher who has been credited with revolutionizing winemaking in the latter half of the 20th century, and has been called "the forefather of modern oenology". Biography Peynaud entered the wine trade at the age of fifteen with the négociant Maison Calvet. At Calvet he worked under the chemical engineer Jean Ribéreau-Gayon, and they developed methods of analysing the wines that were to be purchased. In 1946, Peynaud completed his Doctorate at the University of Bordeaux and joined its faculty as a lecturer. Ribéreau-Gayon at this time was also teaching at the University, and the two shifted their previous focus of problems faced by Calvet to the problems faced by the winemakers themselves. While at the University of Bordeaux, where he became a professor of oenology, Peynaud worked at providing scientific explanations for many problems encountered in the process of winemaking. He convinced the wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madiran
Madiran () is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France. It is the centre of a wine-producing area. Madiran wine Wine is produced around Madiran under three '' Appellations d'Origine Contrôlées'' (AOCs): Madiran for powerful red wines primarily from the grape variety Tannat, Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh for sweet white wines and Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh Sec for dry white wines primarily from the grape varieties Courbu and Petit Manseng. The production area for Madiran wine, which consists of of vineyards, is spread over three departments of France—Gers, Hautes-Pyrénées, and Pyrénées-Atlantiques—and is a part of the South West France wine region.CIVSO: AOC MADIRAN carte d'identité accessed on May 17, 2008 See also |
Fermentation (wine)
The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, yeasts transform sugars present in the juice into ethanol and carbon dioxide (as a by-product). In winemaking, the temperature and speed of fermentation are important considerations as well as the levels of oxygen present in the must at the start of the fermentation. The risk of stuck fermentation and the development of several wine faults can also occur during this stage, which can last anywhere from 5 to 14 days for ''primary fermentation'' and potentially another 5 to 10 days for a '' secondary fermentation''. Fermentation may be done in stainless steel tanks, which is common with many white wines like Riesling, in an open wooden vat, inside a wine barrel and inside the wine bottle itself as in the production of many sparkling wines. History The natural occurrence of fermentation means it was probably first observed long ago by humans.H. Johnson: ''Vintage: The St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Winemakers
French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), a 2008 film * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a type of military jacket or tunic * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French (catheter scale), a unit of measurement * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French Revolution (other) * French River (other), several rivers and other places * Frenching (other) * Justice French (other) Justice French may refer to: * C. G. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1912 Births
This year is notable for Sinking of the Titanic, the sinking of the ''Titanic'', which occurred on April 15. In Albania, this leap year runs with only 353 days as the country achieved switching from the Julian to Gregorian Calendar by skipping 13 days. Friday, 30 November ''(Julian Calendar)'' immediately turned Saturday, 14 December 1912 ''(in the Gregorian Calendar)''. Events January * January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established. * January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens. * January 6 ** German Geophysics, geophysicist Alfred Wegener first presents his theory of continental drift. ** New Mexico becomes the 47th U.S. state. * January 8 – The African National Congress is founded as the South African Native National Congress, at the Waaihoek Wesleyan Church in Bloemfontein, to promote improved rights for Black people, black South Africans, with Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Wine Personalities
Sections are arranged from cultivation through processing, starting from vineyards to consumption advised by sommeliers. Vineyard owners Included are owners of well-known or sizable vineyards. Excluded are managers (CEOs) of public holding companies as owners and persons owning vineyards as a hobby, being notable for other reasons. Many vineyard owners are also winemakers as well. * Jean-Charles Boisset – head of Boisset Family Estates, Burgundy's largest wine producer * Jean-Michel Cazes – Managed estates such as Château Lynch-Bages and Château Les Ormes-de-Pez * Cecil O. De Loach, Jr. – Sonoma County grape grower and winemaker * Franco Biondi Santi – Winemaker whose family invented Brunello di Montalcino * Paul Champoux – Washington wine grower * Marie-Thérèse Chappaz – Swiss organic wine grower * Noemi Marone Cinzano – Italian businesswoman, and wine grower * Francesco Marone Cinzano – Italian businessman, and vineyard owner * Ernest Gallo †... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Léon
Patrick Léon (born 1943 in Bordeaux, died 2018 in Bordeaux) was a French winemaker. He worked for Alexis Lichine, Château Mouton Rothschild, and Sacha Lichine. Léon studied oenology Oenology (also enology; ) is the science and study of wine and winemaking. Oenology is distinct from viticulture, which is the science of the growing, cultivation, and harvesting of grapes. The English word oenology derives from the Greek word ' ... at Bordeaux University, where he was taught by Émile Peynaud, graduating in 1964. He started an oenology laboratory at the Gironde Chamber of Agriculture with Jacques Blouin in 1967. By 1972, he was technical director for Alexis Lichine, working at Château Lascombes in Margaux and Château Castera in Lesparre-Médoc. He joined Mouton Rothschild Group in the early 1980s, becoming technical director in 1984 and finally group managing director. He left in 2003 or 2004. He became a wine consultant, working for clients such as Château Biac in Bordeau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
