Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 600 described species and more likely to be discovered. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, 66 of these species are endangered, and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group. 658 species are listed. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order: Didelphimorphia

* Family: Caluromyidae ** Genus: '' Caluromys'' *** Brown-eared woolly opossum, ''C. lanatus'' LC ***

Bare-tailed woolly opossum The bare-tailed woolly opossum (''Caluromys philander'') is an opossum from South America. It was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The bare-tailed woolly opossum is characterized by a gray head, brown to gray coat, ora ...

, ''C. philander'' LC * Family: Didelphidae ** Genus: '' Caluromysiops'' ***

Black-shouldered opossum The black-shouldered opossum (''Caluromysiops irrupta''), also known as the white-eared opossum, is an opossum known from western Brazil and southeastern Peru. It was first described by Colin Campbell Sanborn, curator of Field Museum of Natur ...

, ''Caluromysiops irrupta'' LC ** Genus: '' Glironia'' ***

Bushy-tailed opossum The bushy-tailed opossum (''Glironia venusta'') is an opossum from South America. It was first described by English zoologist Oldfield Thomas in 1912. It is a medium-sized opossum characterized by a large, oval, dark ears, fawn to cinnamon co ...

, ''Glironia venusta'' LC ** Genus: '' Chironectes'' *** Water opossum, ''Chironectes minimus'' LC ** Genus: '' Didelphis'' ***

White-eared opossum The white-eared opossum (''Didelphis albiventris''), known as the timbu in Brazil and comadreja overa in Argentina, is an opossum species found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is a terrestrial and, sometimes, arboreal a ...

, ''Didelphis albiventris'' LC ***

Big-eared opossum The big-eared opossum (''Didelphis aurita'') also known as a saruê is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. This species, which was considered a population of the common opossum The common ...

, ''Didelphis aurita'' LC ***

Guianan white-eared opossum The Guianan white-eared opossum (''Didelphis imperfecta'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link ...

, ''Didelphis imperfecta'' LC ** Genus: ''

Lutreolina ''Lutreolina'' is a genus of opossum found in South America. Both extant species in this genus are known as lutrine opossums. They have an otter-like body plan and occasionally semiaquatic tendencies, hence the genus name ''Lutreolina'', which is ...

'' ***

Big lutrine opossum The big lutrine opossum (''Lutreolina crassicaudata''), also known as the little water opossum, comadreja colorada, thick-tailed opossum, or coligrueso is an opossum species from South America in the genus ''Lutreolina''. Description The big ...

, ''Lutreolina crassicaudata'' LC ** Genus: '' Philander'' ***

Anderson's four-eyed opossum Anderson's four-eyed opossum (''Philander andersoni'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Its dorsal fur is dark, with a black stripe, about 3–4 cm wide, going vertical ...

, ''Philander andersoni'' LC ***

Southeastern four-eyed opossum The southeastern four-eyed opossum (''Philander frenatus'') is an opossum species native to South America. It is found in Atlantic Forest ecoregions, in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Description It is a large dark gray opossum. Dorsum (biolo ...

, ''Philander frenatus'' LC ***

McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum (''Philander mcilhennyi'') is a South American species of Opossum. Found in Brazil and Peru, it is almost entirely black, except for white spots above each eye. This species is named for John Stauffer "Jack" McIlhen ...

, ''Philander mcilhennyi'' LC *** Gray four-eyed opossum, ''Philander opossum'' LC ** Genus: ''

Gracilinanus ''Gracilinanus'' is a genus of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It was separated from the genus ''Marmosa'' in 1989, and has since had the genera ''Cryptonanus'', ''Chacodelphys'', and ''Hyladelphys'' removed from it. Physical description ...

'' ***

Agile gracile opossum The agile gracile opossum (''Gracilinanus agilis''), is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is nocturnal, arboreal and frequents the forest understory, ...

, ''Gracilinanus agilis'' LC ***

Emilia's gracile opossum Emilia's gracile opossum (''Gracilinanus emiliae'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana French Guiana ( or ; french: link=no, Guyane ; gcr, label=French Guianese Creole, Lagwiyann ) i ...

, ''Gracilinanus emiliae'' DD ***

Brazilian gracile opossum The Brazilian gracile opossum (''Gracilinanus microtarsus'') is a species of small opossum from Brazil. Description Brazilian gracile opossums are relatively small opossums, with males ranging from and females from in head-body length. The tai ...

, ''Gracilinanus microtarsus'' LC ** Genus: '' Marmosa'' ***

White-bellied woolly mouse opossum The white-bellied woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa constantiae'') is a small pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It was formerly assigned to the genus '' Micoureus'', which was made a subgenus of ''Marmosa'' in 2009. The specific epith ...

, ''Marmosa constantiae'' LC *** Woolly mouse opossum, ''Marmosa demerarae'' LC ***

Rufous mouse opossum The rufous mouse opossum (''Marmosa lepida'') or little rufous mouse opossum is an opossum species from South America. The species has been found in Bolivia, Suriname, French Guinea, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Suriname in l ...

, ''Marmosa lepida'' LC *** Linnaeus's mouse opossum, ''Marmosa murina'' LC ***

Tate's woolly mouse opossum Tate's woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa paraguayana'') is an omnivorous, arboreal South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae, named after American zoologist George Henry Hamilton Tate. It is native to Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil, ...

, ''Marmosa paraguayana'' LC ***

Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum The bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa regina'') or short-furred woolly mouse opossum is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae. Its range includes Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It is found in tropical rain ...

, ''Marmosa regina'' LC ** Genus: '' Marmosops'' *** Tschudi's slender opossum, ''Marmosops impavidus'' LC *** Gray slender opossum, ''Marmosops incanus'' LC ***

Neblina slender opossum The neblina slender opossum (''Marmosops neblina'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, and perhaps Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacio ...

, ''Marmosops neblina'' LC *** White-bellied slender mouse opossum, ''Marmosops noctivagus'' LC ***

Delicate slender opossum The delicate slender opossum (''Marmosops parvidens'') is a small pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae that occurs in French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and adjacent Venezuela and Brazil. '' Marmosops pinheiroi'', ''Marmosops bishopi'' an ...

, ''Marmosops parvidens'' LC ***

Brazilian slender opossum The Brazilian slender opossum (''Marmosops paulensis'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in moist montane forest in the Atlantic Forest region of southeastern Brazil, including the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, S ...

, ''Marmosops paulensis'' LC ***

Pinheiro's slender opossum Pinheiro's slender opossum (''Marmosops pinheiroi'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link ...

, ''Marmosops pinheiroi'' LC ** Genus: '' Metachirus'' ***

Brown four-eyed opossum The brown four-eyed opossum (''Metachirus nudicaudatus'') is a pouch (marsupial), pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is found in different forested habitats of Central America, Central and South America, from Nicaragua to Brazil an ...

, ''Metachirus nudicaudatus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Monodelphis ''Monodelphis'' is a genus of marsupials in the family Didelphidae, commonly referred to as short-tailed opossums. They are found throughout South America. , the most recently described species is ''M. vossi''. Species * Sepia short-tailed o ...

'' ***

Northern three-striped opossum The northern three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis americana'') is an opossum species from South America. It is endemic to Atlantic Forest ecoregions of coastal Brazil. References

Opossums Endemic fauna of Brazil Fauna of the Atlantic ...

, ''Monodelphis americana'' LC ***

Northern red-sided opossum The northern red-sided opossum or the Guianan short-tailed opossum, ''Monodelphis brevicaudata'', is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil. French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. Characteristics Body leng ...

, ''Monodelphis brevicaudata'' LC ***

Yellow-sided opossum The yellow-sided opossum (''Monodelphis dimidiata'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. They have grey or black fur on their dorsal side with yellowish fur on the lateral side that continues d ...

, ''Monodelphis dimidiata'' LC ***

Gray short-tailed opossum The gray short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis domestica'') is a small South American member of the family Didelphidae. Unlike most other marsupials, the gray short-tailed opossum does not have a true pouch. The scientific name ''Monodelphis'' is ...

, ''Monodelphis domestica'' LC ***

Emilia's short-tailed opossum Emilia's short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis emiliae'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg ...

, ''Monodelphis emiliae'' LC ***

Ihering's three-striped opossum Ihering's three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis iheringi''), is an opossum species found in Argentina and Brazil. References

Opossums Marsupials of South America Mammals of Brazil Mammals of Argentina Mammals described in 1888 Taxa named ...

, ''Monodelphis iheringi'' DD ***

Pygmy short-tailed opossum The pygmy short-tailed opossum, scientifically named ''Monodelphis kunsi,'' is an opossum species from South America. ''M. kunsi'' is a marsupial from the family Didelphidae of the order Didelphimorphia. Although it is a marsupial, it lacks the ...

, ''Monodelphis kunsi'' LC ***

Marajó short-tailed opossum The Marajó short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis maraxina'') is an opossum species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in ...

, ''Monodelphis maraxina'' DD ***

Chestnut-striped opossum The chestnut-striped opossum (''Monodelphis rubida'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil. More specifically, it is found in East and Central Brazil, including areas such as Goiás, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo. It i ...

, ''Monodelphis rubida'' DD ***

Long-nosed short-tailed opossum The long-nosed short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis scalops''), is an opossum species in Argentina and Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South Americ ...

, ''Monodelphis scalops'' LC ***

Southern red-sided opossum The southern red-sided opossum (''Monodelphis sorex'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, ...

, ''Monodelphis sorex'' LC ***

Southern three-striped opossum The southern three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis theresa'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in the Atlantic Forest region of Brazil. References Opossums Endemic fauna of Brazil Fauna of the Atlantic Forest Marsupials ...

, ''Monodelphis theresa'' DD ***

Red three-striped opossum The red three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis umbristriata'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in bot ...

, ''Monodelphis umbristriata'' VU ***

One-striped opossum The one-striped opossum (''Monodelphis unistriata'') is a possibly extinct opossum species from South America. It is known only from two specimens found in Brazil in 1821 and Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es ...

, ''Monodelphis unistriata'' CR ** Genus: ''

Thylamys ''Thylamys'' is a genus of opossums in the family Didelphidae. The premaxillae are rounded rather than pointed. The females lack a pouch. The females' nipples are arranged in two symmetrical rows on the abdomen. All species but ''T. macrurus'' ...

'' ***

Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum The dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum (''Thylamys velutinus''), also known as the velvety fat-tailed opossum is an opossum species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil, where it is found in cerrado and caatinga habitats. Its head-and-body len ...

, ''Thylamys velutinus'' LC

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Pilosa

* Family: Bradypodidae ** Genus: '' Bradypus'' ***

Maned sloth The maned sloth (''Bradypus torquatus'') is a three-toed sloth that is native to South America. It is one of four species of three-toed sloths belonging to the suborder Xenarthra and are placental mammals. They are endemic to the Atlantic coast ...

, ''Bradypus torquatus'' VU *** Pale-throated sloth, ''Bradypus tridactylus'' LC *** Brown-throated sloth, ''Bradypus variegatus'' LC * Family: Choloepodidae ** Genus: '' Choloepus'' ***

Linnaeus's two-toed sloth Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus didactylus''), also known as the southern two-toed sloth, unau, or Linne's two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from South America, found in Venezuela, the Guyanas, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil north ...

, ''Choloepus didactylus'' LC ***

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainf ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni'' LC * Family Cyclopedidae ** Genus: '' Cyclopes'' *** Silky anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'' LC * Family: Myrmecophagidae ** Genus: '' Myrmecophaga'' *** Giant anteater, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'' VU ** Genus: '' Tamandua'' *** Southern tamandua, ''Tamandua tetradactyla'' LC

Order: Cingulata

* Family: Dasypodidae ** Genus: '' Cabassous'' ***

Greater naked-tailed armadillo The greater naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous tatouay'') is an armadillo species from South America. Description Larger than the closely related southern naked-tailed armadillos, adults of the greater species measure in head-body length, wi ...

, ''Cabassous tatouay'' LC ***

Southern naked-tailed armadillo The southern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous unicinctus'') is a species of small armadillo from South America. Description Smaller than some other armadillos, males measure an average of in head-body length, and weigh around , while females ...

, ''Cabassous unicinctus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Dasypus ''Dasypus'' is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae. Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos. They are found in South, Central, and North America, as well as on the Caribbean islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Toba ...

'' ***

Southern long-nosed armadillo The southern long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus hybridus'') is a species of armadillo native to South America. Description Among the smallest of the long-nosed armadillos, individuals of the southern species measure about in head-body length, wit ...

, ''Dasypus hybridus'' NT *** Great long-nosed armadillo, ''Dasypus kappleri'' LC *** Nine-banded armadillo, ''Dasypus novemcinctus'' LC *** Seven-banded armadillo, ''Dasypus septemcinctus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Euphractus The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six- ...

'' *** Six-banded armadillo, ''Euphractus sexcinctus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Priodontes The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It lives ...

'' ***

Giant armadillo The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the Glyptodontidae, glyptodonts, were much l ...

, ''Priodontes maximus'' VU ** Genus: ''

Tolypeutes The genus ''Tolypeutes'' contains the two species of three-banded armadillos. They are restricted to open and semi-open habitats in South America. Of the several armadillo genera, only ''Tolypeutes'' rely heavily on their armor for protection. W ...

'' *** Southern three-banded armadillo, ''Tolypeutes matacus'' NT ***

Brazilian three-banded armadillo The Brazilian three-banded armadillo (''Tolypeutes tricinctus'') is an armadillo species endemic to eastern Brazil, where it is known as (, lit. ball armadillo). It is one of only two species of armadillo that can roll into a ball (the other is ...

, ''Tolypeutes tricinctus'' VU

Order: Chiroptera

* Family: Emballonuridae ** Genus: '' Centronycteris'' *** Shaggy bat, ''Centronycteris maximiliani'' LR/lc ** Genus: ''

Cormura The chestnut sac-winged bat, or Wagner's sac-winged bat (''Cormura brevirostris'') is a species of sac-winged bat native to South and Central America. It is the only species within its genus. Description The chestnut sac-winged bat is a relati ...

'' ***

Chestnut sac-winged bat The chestnut sac-winged bat, or Wagner's sac-winged bat (''Cormura brevirostris'') is a species of sac-winged bat native to South and Central America. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. Description The chestnut sac-winged ...

, ''Cormura brevirostris'' LC ** Genus: ''

Cyttarops The short-eared bat (''Cyttarops alecto'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Costa Rica, Guyana and Nicaragua. It is the only species within its genus. Description The short-eared bat is a dark-colored sac-winged bat, similar in appearance ...

'' ***

Short-eared bat The short-eared bat (''Cyttarops alecto'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Costa Rica, Guyana and Nicaragua. It is the only species within its genus. Description The short-eared bat is a dark-colored sac-winged bat, similar in appearance ...

, ''Cyttarops alecto'' LC ** Genus: '' Diclidurus'' *** Northern ghost bat, ''Diclidurus albus'' LR/lc *** Greater ghost bat, ''Diclidurus ingens'' DD *** Isabelle's ghost bat, ''Diclidurus isabella'' LC ***

Lesser ghost bat The lesser ghost bat (''Diclidurus scutatus'') is a bat species found in South America. It is one of six bat species worldwide to have white fur. Taxonomy and etymology It was described by Wilhelm Peters in 1869 based on a specimen sent to the ...

, ''Diclidurus scutatus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Peropteryx ''Peropteryx'' is a genus of 5 species of bat in the family Emballonuridae, namely: *Greater dog-like bat (''Peropteryx kappleri'') *White-winged dog-like bat (''Peropteryx leucoptera'') *Lesser dog-like bat (''Peropteryx macrotis'') *Pale-win ...

'' ***

Greater dog-like bat The greater dog-like bat (''Peropteryx kappleri'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico through Brazil and Peru. Description It is the largest member of its genus, with a forearm length of . Individuals weigh approximately . Fur color ca ...

, ''Peropteryx kappleri'' LR/lc ***

White-winged dog-like bat The white-winged dog-like bat (''Peropteryx leucoptera'') is a bat species found in northern Brazil, southeastern Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, eastern Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Re ...

, ''Peropteryx leucoptera'' LC ***

Lesser dog-like bat The lesser dog-like bat (''Peropteryx macrotis''), also known as Peters' sac-winged bat, is a species of bat from South and Central America. First described in 1826, it was renamed in 1843 because the original scientific name was already in use f ...

, ''Peropteryx macrotis'' LR/lc ***

Pale-winged dog-like bat The pale-winged dog-like bat (''Peropteryx pallidoptera'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol ...

, ''Peropteryx pallidoptera'' ** Genus: ''

Rhynchonycteris The proboscis bat (''Rhynchonycteris naso'') is a species of bat found in South America and Central America. Other common names include Long-nosed proboscis bat, sharp-nosed bat, Brazilian long-nosed bat. and river bat It is the only species in ...

'' ***

Proboscis bat The proboscis bat (''Rhynchonycteris naso'') is a species of bat found in South America and Central America. Other common names include Long-nosed proboscis bat, sharp-nosed bat, Brazilian long-nosed bat. and river bat It is the only species i ...

, ''Rhynchonycteris naso'' LR/lc ** Genus: ''

Saccopteryx ''Saccopteryx'' is a genus of sac-winged bats from Central and South America. The species within this genus are: * Antioquian sac-winged bat ''Saccopteryx antioquensis'' *Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bilin ...

'' ***

Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bilineata'') is a bat of the family Emballonuridae native to Central and South America. They are the most common bats seen in the rainforest, as they often roost on the outside of large trees. They are ...

, ''Saccopteryx bilineata'' LC ***

Frosted sac-winged bat The frosted sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx canescens'') is a bat species of the family Emballonuridae found in northern Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela and possibly Bolivia. References

Saccopt ...

, ''Saccopteryx canescens'' LC ***

Amazonian sac-winged bat The Amazonian sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx gymnura'') is a bat species of the family Emballonuridae native to South America. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1901 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. Thomas identifi ...

, ''Saccopteryx gymnura'' DD ***

Lesser sac-winged bat The lesser sac-winged bat or lesser white-lined bat (''Saccopteryx leptura'') is a bat species of the family Emballonuridae from South and Middle America. Description The lesser white-lined bat belongs to the genus ''Saccopteryx''. The bat ...

, ''Saccopteryx leptura'' LC * Family: Phyllostomidae ** Subfamily: Desmodontinae *** Genus: ''

Desmodus ''Desmodus'' is a genus of bats which—along with the genera ''Diaemus'' and ''Diphylla''—are allied as the subfamily Desmodontinae, the carnivorous, blood-consuming vampire bats of the New World leaf-nosed bat family Phyllostomidae. The ge ...

'' **** Common vampire bat, ''Desmodus rotundus'' LC *** Genus: '' Diaemus'' ****

White-winged vampire bat The white-winged vampire bat (''Diaemus youngi''), a species of vampire bat, is the only member of the genus ''Diaemus''. They are found from Mexico to northern Argentina and are present on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita. Etymology and ta ...

, ''Diaemus youngii'' LC *** Genus: '' Diphylla'' ****

Hairy-legged vampire bat The hairy-legged vampire bat (''Diphylla ecaudata'') is one of three extant species of vampire bats. It mainly feeds on the blood of wild birds, but can also feed both on domestic birds and humans. This vampire bat lives mainly in tropical and su ...

, ''Diphylla ecaudata'' LC ** Subfamily:

Glossophaginae Glossophaginae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Subfamily: Glossophaginae * Tribe Glossophagini **Genus: '' Anoura'' - Geoffroy's long-nosed bats ***'' Anoura aequatoris'' *** Cadena's tailless bat, ''Anoura cadenai'' *** Ta ...

*** Genus: ''

Anoura ''Anoura'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats from Central and South America. ''Anoura'' members lack or have a short tail, and are nectarivorous bats of small to medium size among the Phyllostomidae. Etymology The genus ''Anoura'' was described in ...

'' ****

Tailed tailless bat The tailed tailless bat (''Anoura caudifer'') is a species of leaf-nosed bat from South America. Taxonomy The scientific name of this species is variously given as either ''A. caudifer'' or ''A. caudifera'', with scientists having argued for bot ...

, ''Anoura caudifer'' LC ****

Geoffroy's tailless bat Geoffroy's tailless bat (''Anoura geoffroyi'') is a species of phyllostomid bat from the American tropics. Description Geoffroy's tailless bat is a medium-sized bat, measuring around in total length and weighing . It has dark to dull brown fur o ...

, ''Anoura geoffroyi'' LC *** Genus: ''

Choeroniscus ''Choeroniscus'' (long-tailed bat) is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It contains the following species: * Godman's long-tailed bat (''Choeroniscus godmani'') * Greater long-tailed bat The greater long-tailed bat (''Choeroniscus ...

'' **** Minor long-nosed long-tongued bat, ''Choeroniscus minor'' LC *** Genus: ''

Glossophaga ''Glossophaga'' (long-tongued bat) is a genus of bats in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. Members of the genus are native to the American Neotropics. Species *''G. antillarum'' (Rehn, 1902): Jamaican long-tongued bat, Jamaica. *''G ...

'' ****

Commissaris's long-tongued bat Commissaris's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga commissarisi'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description The bat's length ranges from 43 to 65 mm, has a wingspan of 32 to 42 mm, and weighs on average 9.3 to 9.5 grams ...

, ''Glossophaga commissarisi'' LR/lc ****

Miller's long-tongued bat Miller's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga longirostris'') is a bat species found in northern Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, the Netherlands Antilles and the U.S. Virgin Islands The United States Virgin Isla ...

, ''Glossophaga longirostris'' DD ****

Pallas's long-tongued bat Pallas's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga soricina'') is a South and Central American bat with a fast metabolism that feeds on nectar. Metabolism It has the fastest metabolism ever recorded in a mammal, similar to those of hummingbirds. Althou ...

, ''Glossophaga soricina'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Hsunycteris ''Hsunycteris'' is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae and the only genus in the tribe Hsunycterini. List of species Genus ''Hsunycteris'' * Cadena's long-tongued bat, ''Hsunycteris cadenai'' * Dashe's nectar bat, ''Hsunycteris dashe'' ...

'' **** Thomas's nectar bat, ''Hsunycteris thomasi'' LC *** Genus: ''

Lichonycteris ''Lichonycteris'' (Little long-tongued bat) is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. Its members are native to South America. Species *''L. degener'' (Gerrit Smith Miller Jr., Miller, 1931): Pale brown long-nosed bat *''L. obscura'' (Old ...

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Dark long-tongued bat The dark long-tongued bat (''Lichonycteris obscura'') is a species of bat from South America, South and Central America. It was formerly considered monotypic taxon, the only species within the genus ''Lichonycteris,'' but is now recognized as on ...

, ''Lichonycteris degener'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Lionycteris The chestnut long-tongued bat (''Lionycteris spurrelli'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United Sta ...

'' **** Chestnut long-tongued bat, ''Lionycteris spurrelli'' LC *** Genus: ''

Lonchophylla ''Lonchophylla'' is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. List of species Genus ''Lonchophylla'' * Bokermann's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla bokermanni'' * Cadena's long-tongued bat, ''Lonchophylla cadenai'' * Chocoan long-tongued bat, ''L ...

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Bokermann's nectar bat Bokermann's nectar bat (''Lonchophylla bokermanni'') is a bat species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil. It feeds on nectar, and is listed as an endangered species. Etymology This species was discovered by Ivan Sazima and Marlies Sazima ...

, ''Lonchophylla bokermanni'' DD ****

Dekeyser's nectar bat Dekeyser's nectar bat (''Lonchophylla dekeyseri'') is a bat species found in Brazil and Bolivia.Griffiths, T.A. and Gardner, A.L. 2008. Subfamily Glossophaginae Bonaparte, 1845. In: A.L. Gardner (ed.), Mammals of South America. Volume 1, pp. 224 ...

, ''Lonchophylla dekeyseri'' NT **** Lonchophylla inexpectata, ''Lonchophylla inexpectata'' ****

Godman's nectar bat Goldman's nectar bat (''Lonchophylla mordax'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transco ...

, ''Lonchophylla mordax'' LC **** Peracchi's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla peracchii'' *** Genus: ''

Scleronycteris The Ega long-tongued bat (''Scleronycteris ega'') is a bat species found in northwestern Brazil and southern Venezuela. It is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate ...

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Ega long-tongued bat The Ega long-tongued bat (''Scleronycteris ega'') is a bat species found in northwestern Brazil and southern Venezuela. It is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate ...

, ''Scleronycteris ega'' LC ** Subfamily: Carolliinae ** Genus: ''

Rhinophylla ''Rhinophylla'' is a genus of South American bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustaine ...

'' *** Fischer's little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla fischerae'' LC *** Dwarf little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla pumilio'' LC ** Genus: '' Carollia'' *** Benkeith's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia benkeithi'' *** Silky short-tailed bat, ''Carollia brevicauda'' LR/lc *** Seba's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia perspicillata'' LR/lc *** Little white-shouldered bat, ''Ametrida centurio'' LC ** Subfamily:

Phyllostominae Phyllostominae is a subfamily of bats that include big-eared, spear-nosed, sword-nosed bats and relatives. List of species *Subfamily: Phyllostominae ** Tribe Micronycterini ***Genus: ''Glyphonycteris'' ****Behn's bat, ''Glyphonycteris behnii'' ...

*** Genus: '' Chrotopterus'' ****

Big-eared woolly bat The big-eared woolly bat or (Peters's) woolly false vampire bat (''Chrotopterus auritus'') is a species of bat, belonging to the family Phyllostomidae. The name ''Chrotopterus'' is derived from Greek roots ''ch''ariots (skin, color), and ''pter ...

, ''Chrotopterus auritus'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Garnderycteris'' **** Striped hairy-nosed bat, ''Gardnerycteris crenulatum'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Glyphonycteris'' **** Davies's big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris daviesi'' DD **** Tricolored big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris sylvestris'' LC *** Genus: ''

Lampronycteris The yellow-throated big-eared bat or orange-throated bat(''Lampronycteris brachyotis'') is a species of bat that ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is the only species within the genus ''Lampronycteris''. A frugivore and insectivore, it i ...

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Yellow-throated big-eared bat The yellow-throated big-eared bat or orange-throated bat(''Lampronycteris brachyotis'') is a species of bat that ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is the only species within the genus ''Lampronycteris''. A frugivore and insectivore, it i ...

, ''Lampronycteris brachyotis'' LC *** Genus: '' Lonchorhina'' **** Tomes's sword-nosed bat, ''Lonchorhina aurita'' LR/lc **** Northern sword-nosed bat, ''Lonchorhina inusitata'' DD *** Genus: '' Lophostoma'' ****

Pygmy round-eared bat The pygmy round-eared bat (''Lophostoma brasiliense'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. Description Its ears are large with rounded tips. Its upper lip has several small warts. The fur is dark brown or black in col ...

, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' LR/lc ****

Carriker's round-eared bat Carriker's round-eared bat (''Lophostoma carrikeri'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Boli ...

, ''Lophostoma carrikeri'' LC ****

Schultz's round-eared bat Schultz's round-eared bat (''Lophostoma schulzi'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, ...

, ''Lophostoma schulzi'' LC ****

White-throated round-eared bat The white-throated round-eared bat (''Lophostoma silvicolum'') is a bat species found from Honduras to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It creates roosts inside the nests of the termite, ''Nasutitermes corniger''. It thrives on a mainly insect-base ...

, ''Lophostoma silvicola'' LC *** Genus: '' Macrophyllum'' ****

Long-legged bat The long-legged bat (''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'') is a member of the Phyllostomidae family in the order Chiroptera. Both males and females of this species are generally small, with wingspans reaching 80mm with an average weight ranging betwee ...

, ''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'' LC *** Genus: ''

Micronycteris ''Micronycteris'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Genus ''Micronycteris'' - little big-eared bats * Brosset's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris brosseti ''Simmons & Voss, 1998 * '' Micronycteris buriri'' Larsen, Siles, Pedersen, & Kw ...

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Brosset's big-eared bat Brosset's big-eared bat (''Micronycteris brosseti'') is a bat species found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana and Peru. It feeds on insects and sometimes fruit and the exact population is unknown. The only listed threat is deforestation De ...

, ''Micronycteris brosseti'' DD ****

Hairy big-eared bat The hairy big-eared bat (''Micronycteris hirsuta'') is a bat species from South and Central America, as well as Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is ...

, ''Micronycteris hirsuta'' LC ****

Little big-eared bat The little big-eared bat (''Micronycteris megalotis'') is a bat species in the order Chiroptera and family Phyllostomidae. It is from South and Central America particularly Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Boli ...

, ''Micronycteris megalotis'' LC ****

Common big-eared bat The common big-eared bat (''Micronycteris microtis'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a member of the family Phyllostomidae. Recent research has demonstrated this bat's ability to find motionless food within clutter. Echo ...

, ''Micronycteris microtis'' LC ****

White-bellied big-eared bat The white-bellied big-eared bat (''Micronycteris minuta'') is a bat species from South and Central America, as well as Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost islan ...

, ''Micronycteris minuta'' LC ****

Sanborn's big-eared bat Sanborn's big-eared bat (''Micronycteris sanborni'') is a bat species found in Bolivia and Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin ...

, ''Micronycteris sanborni'' DD ****

Schmidts's big-eared bat Schmidts's big-eared bat (''Micronycteris schmidtorum'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description Individuals weigh and have forearm lengths of . Its ears are long with rounded tips. Its dorsal fur is brown while its ventral ...

, ''Micronycteris schmidtorum'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Mimon'' **** Golden bat, ''Mimon bennettii'' LC *** Genus: ''

Neonycteris The least big-eared bat (''Neonycteris pusilla'') is a bat species of the family Phyllostomidae, found in northwestern Brazil and eastern Colombia. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. References

Bats of South Ameri ...

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Least big-eared bat The least big-eared bat (''Neonycteris pusilla'') is a bat species of the family Phyllostomidae, found in northwestern Brazil and eastern Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with ...

, ''Neonycteris pusilla'' VU *** Genus: '' Phylloderma'' ****

Pale-faced bat The pale-faced bat (''Phylloderma stenops'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. References

Phyllostomidae Bats of Central America Bats of South America Bats of Brazil Mammals of Colombia Mammals described in ...

, ''Phylloderma stenops'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Phyllostomus ''Phyllostomus'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bat The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) are found from southern North America to South America, specifically from the Southwest United States to northern Argentina. They are ecologically the ...

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Pale spear-nosed bat The pale spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus discolor'') is a species of phyllostomid bat from South and Central America. Description Pale spear-nosed bats are relatively robust for bats. Adults range from in total length, with an average wingspan ...

, ''Phyllostomus discolor'' LC ****

Lesser spear-nosed bat The lesser spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus elongatus'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, Rep� ...

, ''Phyllostomus elongatus'' LC ****

Greater spear-nosed bat The greater spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus hastatus'') is a bat species of the family Phyllostomidae from South and Central America. It is one of the larger bats of this region and is omnivorous. Habitat ''Phyllostomus hastatus'' lives in tr ...

, ''Phyllostomus hastatus'' LC ****

Guianan spear-nosed bat The Guianan spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus latifolius'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de ...

, ''Phyllostomus latifolius'' LC *** Genus: '' Tonatia'' **** Greater round-eared bat, ''Tonatia bidens'' DD ****

Stripe-headed round-eared bat The stripe-headed round-eared bat (''Tonatia saurophila'') is a species of bat from family Phyllostomidae. It can be found on forests in Central and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and most ...

, ''Tonatia saurophila'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Trachops'' ****

Fringe-lipped bat The fringe-lipped bat (''Trachops cirrhosus'') is a leaf-nosed bat from southern Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil. It has three subspecies and no known fossils. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. Morphology The fringe ...

, ''Trachops cirrhosus'' LC *** Genus: ''

Trinycteris Niceforo's big-eared bat (''Trinycteris nicefori'') is a bat species from South and Central America, ranging from Chiapas to Bolivia and northeastern Brazil. Its habitat is primary and secondary forest at altitudes from sea level to 1000 m. It i ...

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Niceforo's big-eared bat Niceforo's big-eared bat (''Trinycteris nicefori'') is a bat species from South and Central America, ranging from Chiapas to Bolivia and northeastern Brazil. Its habitat is primary and secondary forest at altitudes from sea level to 1000 m. It i ...

, ''Trinycteris nicefori'' LC *** Genus: ''

Vampyrum The spectral bat (''Vampyrum spectrum''), also called the great false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus '' ...

'' **** Spectral bat, ''Vampyrum spectrum'' LR/nt ** Subfamily:

Stenodermatinae Stenodermatinae is a large subfamily of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. List of species Subfamily Stenodermatinae *Genus: ''Ametrida'' **Little white-shouldered bat, ''Ametrida centurio'' *Genus: ''Ardops'' **Tree bat, ''Ardops nichollsi'' *G ...

*** Genus: '' Artibeus'' **** Brown fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus concolor'' LC **** Fringed fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus fimbriatus'' LC ****

Great fruit-eating bat The great fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus lituratus'') is a bat species found from Mexico to Brazil and Argentina, as well as in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobag ...

, ''Artibeus lituratus'' LC ****

Dark fruit-eating bat The dark fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus obscurus''), is a bat species from South America. Description Dark fruit-eating bats are relatively small, with an average body length of , and weighing from . Their fur is longer and darker than that of ...

, ''Artibeus obscurus'' LC **** Flat-faced fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus planirostris'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Chiroderma'' **** Brazilian big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma doriae'' LC **** Salvin's big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma salvini'' LR/lc **** Little big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma trinitatum'' LC **** Hairy big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma villosum'' LR/lc **** Vizotto's big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma vizottoi'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Dermanura'' ****

Andersen's fruit-eating bat Andersen's fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura anderseni'') is a bat species found in South America. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1916 by American zoologist Wilfred Hudson Osgood. The holotype had been collected in 1915 ...

, ''Dermanura anderseni'' LC **** Bogota fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura bogotensis'' **** Gervais's fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura cinerea'' LC ****

Gnome fruit-eating bat The gnome fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura gnoma'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela. This species was originally determined to be different from the other known specie ...

, ''Artibeus gnoma'' LC *** Genus: ''

Mesophylla MacConnell's bat (''Mesophylla macconnelli''), is a bat species from South and Central America. It is the only species within the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living ...

'' **** MacConnell's bat, ''Mesophylla macconnelli'' LC *** Genus: '' Platyrrhinus'' ****

Slender broad-nosed bat The slender broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus angustirostris'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. As a phyllostomid bat, it is characterized by a narrow uropatagium which is fringed with hair; a white dorsal stripe; large inner upp ...

, ''Platyrrhinus angustirostris'' **** Eldorado broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus aurarius'' **** Short-headed broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus brachycephalus'' LC **** Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus fusciventris'' **** Heller's broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus helleri'' LC ****

Incan broad-nosed bat The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, ( Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The adm ...

, ''Platyrrhinus incarum'' LC ****

Buffy broad-nosed bat The buffy broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus infuscus'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, western Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , o ...

, ''Platyrrhinus infuscus'' LC ****

White-lined broad-nosed bat The white-lined broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus lineatus'') is a bat species found in southern and eastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, northern Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, French Guiana French Guiana ( or ; french: link=n ...

, ''Platyrrhinus lineatus'' LC **** Recife broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus recifinus'' LC *** Genus: ''

Pygoderma The Ipanema bat (''Pygoderma bilabiatum'') is a bat species of order Chiroptera and family Phyllostomidae. It is found in northern Argentina, Bolivia, southeastern Brazil and Paraguay. It is the only species within its genus. Description The I ...

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Ipanema bat The Ipanema bat (''Pygoderma bilabiatum'') is a bat species of order Chiroptera and family Phyllostomidae. It is found in northern Argentina, Bolivia, southeastern Brazil and Paraguay. It is the only species within its genus. Description The ...

, ''Pygoderma bilabiatum'' LC *** Genus: ''

Sphaeronycteris The visored bat, (''Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum''), is a bat species from tropical South America. It is the monotypic taxon, only species in the genus ''Sphaeronycteris''. Although visored bats have some unique characteristics, they are thought t ...

'' **** Visored bat, ''Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum'' DD *** Genus: ''

Sturnira ''Sturnira'' known as a yellow-shouldered bat or American epauleted bat, is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. The genus name comes from the Latin for "starling" and refers to , which took part in an 1836 voyage to Brazil during which ...

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Little yellow-shouldered bat The little yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira lilium'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a frugivore A frugivore is an animal that thrives mostly on raw fruits or succulent fruit-like produce of plants such as roots, shoo ...

, ''Sturnira lilium'' LR/lc ****

Greater yellow-shouldered bat The greater yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira magna'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo na ...

, ''Sturnira magna'' **** Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira tildae'' LC *** Genus: '' Uroderma'' **** Tent-making bat, ''Uroderma bilobatum'' LR/lc **** Brown tent-making bat, ''Uroderma magnirostrum'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Vampyressa'' **** Southern little yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyressa pusilla'' DD **** Northern little yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyressa thyone'' LC *** Genus: '' Vampyriscus'' **** Bidentate yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyriscus bidens'' LC **** Brock's yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyriscus brocki'' LC *** Genus: ''

Vampyrodes The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat (''Vampyrodes caraccioli'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two ...

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Great stripe-faced bat The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat (''Vampyrodes caraccioli'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two ...

, ''Vampyrodes caraccioli'' LC * Family: Mormoopidae ** Genus: '' Pteronotus'' ***

Big naked-backed bat The big naked-backed bat (''Pteronotus gymnonotus''), is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. Taxonomy It was species description, described as a new species in 1843 by German zoologist Johann Andreas Wagner. Wagner plac ...

, ''Pteronotus gymnonotus'' LR/lc *** Parnell's mustached bat, ''Pteronotus parnellii'' LR/lc ***

Wagner's mustached bat Wagner's mustached bat (''Pteronotus personatus'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is one of the few New World bats species known to perform Doppler shift compensation behavior. Description Wagner's mustached bat is a relati ...

, ''Pteronotus personatus'' LC * Family: Noctilionidae ** Genus: '' Noctilio'' ***

Lesser bulldog bat The lesser bulldog bat (''Noctilio albiventris'') is an insectivorous and occasionally carnivorous bat of the (Neotropics), ranging through Central America and northern South America. Some unique characteristics of the bat include, large feet tha ...

, ''Noctilio albiventris'' LC *** Greater bulldog bat, ''Noctilio leporinus'' LC * Family:

Furipteridae Furipteridae is family of bats, allying two genera of single species, '' Amorphochilus schnablii'' (smoky bat) and the type '' Furipterus horrens'' (thumbless bat). They are found in Central and South America and are closely related to the bats ...

** Genus: ''

Furipterus The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

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Thumbless bat The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

, ''Furipterus horrens'' LC * Family: Thyropteridae ** Genus: ''

Thyroptera Disk-winged bats are a small group of bats of the family Thyropteridae and genus Thyroptera. They are found in Central and South America, usually in moist tropical rain forests. It is a very small family, consisting of a single genus with five e ...

'' *** De Vivo's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera devivoi'' *** Peters's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera discifera'' LC *** LaVal's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera lavali'' *** Spix's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera tricolor'' LC *** Patricia's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera wynneae'' * Family:

Natalidae The family Natalidae, or funnel-eared bats, are found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. The family has three genera, '' Chilonatalus'', '' Natalus'' and '' Nyctiellus''. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as th ...

** Genus: ''

Natalus The genus ''Natalus'' of funnel-eared bats is found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as their name suggests, funnel-shaped ears. They are small, at only 3.5 to 5.5 cm in l ...

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Brazilian funnel-eared bat The Brazilian funnel-eared bat (''Natalus macrourus'') is a bat species found in eastern Brazil and in Paraguay. It roosts in caves, which makes it vulnerable to disturbance of these scarce sites, and in particular, to extermination campaigns agai ...

, ''Natalus macrourus'' LC * Family: Molossidae ** Genus: ''

Cynomops ''Cynomops'' is a genus of Central and South American dog-faced bats in the family Molossidae. It has sometimes been considered a subgenus of '' Molossops''. It contains the following species: * Cinnamon dog-faced bat (''C. abrasus'') * Free ...

'' ***

Cinnamon dog-faced bat The cinnamon dog-faced bat (''Cynomops abrasus''), is a South American bat species of the family Molossidae. It is found in northern and central South America. Taxonomy The bat belongs to the genus ''Cynomops'', which was recently split from ...

, ''Cynomops abrasus'' DD *** Greenhall's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops greenhalli'' *** Miller's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops milleri'' ***

Para dog-faced bat The Para dog-faced bat (''Cynomops paranus''), also called the brown dog-faced bat, is a South American bat species of the family Molossidae. It is found in Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, and ...

, ''Cynomops paranus'' DD *** Southern dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops planirostris'' LC ** Genus: ''

Eumops ''Eumops'' (mastiff bats or bonneted bats) is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true ...

'' ***

Black bonneted bat The black bonneted bat, also known as Shaw's mastiff bat, (''Eumops auripendulus''), is a species of bat from the Americas. Description The black-bonneted bat is a medium-sized bat, with adults weighing between . The head and back are covered in ...

, ''Eumops auripendulus'' LC ***

Dwarf bonneted bat The dwarf bonneted bat, or Peters' mastiff bat, (''Eumops bonariensis''), is a bat species from South and Central America. Description As its common name implies, ''E. bonariensis'' is the smallest species of bonneted bat. Adults measure in ...

, ''Eumops bonariensis'' LC *** ''

Eumops delticus ''Eumops delticus'' is a species of free-tailed bat found in South America. Taxonomy ''Eumops delticus'' was described as a new species in 1923 by British mammalogist Oldfield Thomas. The holotype had been collected by Wilhelm Ehrhardt (1860&nd ...

'' ***

Wagner's bonneted bat Wagner's bonneted bat or Wagner's mastiff batBest, T. L., et al. (1997)''Eumops glaucinus''. ''Mammalian Species'' 551, 1-6. (''Eumops glaucinus''), is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in the Americas from Argentina and Peru ...

, ''Eumops glaucinus'' LC ***

Sanborn's bonneted bat Sanborn's bonneted bat (''Eumops hansae''), is a bat species from South and Central America. It was first described from a specimen collected at Colonia Hansa, Brazil, and is sometimes also known as the Hansa bonneted bat. Description Sanborn's ...

, ''Eumops hansae'' LC ***

Guianan bonneted bat The Guianan bonneted bat, or Thomas's mastiff bat, (''Eumops maurus'') is a species of free-tailed bat from South America. It is poorly understood, because it is difficult to capture, and may be one of the rarest Neotropical bats. Description The ...

, ''Eumops maurus'' LC ***

Patagonian bonneted bat The Patagonian bonneted bat (''Eumops patagonicus''), also called the Patagonian dwarf bonneted bat, is a species of free-tailed bat found in Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1924 by Br ...

, ''Eumops patagonicus'' LC *** Western bonneted bat, ''Eumops perotis'' LC *** Colombian bonneted bat, ''Eumops trumbulli'' LC ** Genus: ''

Molossops ''Molossops'' (meaning: false molossus bat) is a genus of bat in the family Molossidae. The four member species are found in nearly every country of South America, with the dwarf dog-faced bat being found in the most countries. It contains ...

'' ***

Rufous dog-faced bat The rufous dog-faced bat (''Molossops neglectus''), is a bat species found in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Peru and Suriname Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, Republiek Suriname , s ...

, ''Molossops neglectus'' DD ***

Dwarf dog-faced bat The dwarf dog-faced bat (''Molossops temminckii'') is a species of free-tailed bat from South America. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Paraguay and Uruguay, typically at lower elevations. It is one of ...

, ''Molossops temminckii'' LC ** Genus: '' Molossus'' *** Aztec mastiff bat, ''Molossus aztecus'' *** Coiba mastiff bat, ''Molossus coibensis'' *** Bonda mastiff bat, ''Molossus currentium'' ***

Velvety free-tailed bat The velvety free-tailed bat or Pallas's mastiff bat (''Molossus molossus''), is a bat species in the family Molossidae. Description ''M. molossus'' is a medium-sized bat, with a length of and with a wingspan of . This species is brown in color ...

, ''Molossus molossus'' LC *** Miller's mastiff bat, ''Molossus pretiosus'' *** Black mastiff bat, ''Molossus rufus'' LC ** Genus: '' Neoplatymops'' ***

Mato Grosso dog-faced bat The Mato Grosso dog-faced bat (''Neoplatymops mattogrossensis''), is a bat species found in South America. It is the only species in the genus ''Neoplatymops''. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1942 by C. O. C. Vie ...

, ''Neoplatymops mattogrossensis'' LC ** Genus: ''

Nyctinomops ''Nyctinomops'' is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats ...

'' ***

Peale's free-tailed bat Peale's free-tailed bat (''Nyctinomops aurispinosus'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States ...

, ''Nyctinomops aurispinosus'' LC ***

Broad-eared bat The broad-eared bat or broad-tailed bat (''Nyctinomops laticaudatus'') is a species of free-tailed bat from the Americas. Description The broad-eared bat is a relatively small bat, measuring about in total length, and weighing on average. The ...

, ''Nyctinomops laticaudatus'' LC ***

Big free-tailed bat The big free-tailed bat (''Nyctinomops macrotis'') is a bat species found in the Americas. Taxonomy It was described as a new species in 1839 by British zoologist John Edward Gray. Gray placed it in the now-defunct genus ''Nyctinomus'', with a ...

, ''Nyctinomops macrotis'' LC ** Genus: ''

Promops ''Promops'' is a genus of free-tailed bats. Species * ''Promops centralis'' - big crested mastiff bat * ''Promops davisoni'' * ''Promops nasutus'' - brown mastiff bat References

Promops, Molossidae Bat genera Taxa named by Paul Gervai ...

'' ***

Big crested mastiff bat The big crested mastiff bat (''Promops centralis''), is a bat species from South and Central America. Taxonomy It was described as a new species in 1915 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. The holotype was collected by George F. Gaumer, and p ...

, ''Promops centralis'' LC ***

Brown mastiff bat The brown mastiff bat (''Promops nasutus''), is a bat species found in Venezuela, Trinidad, Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and northern Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link ...

, ''Promops nasutus'' LC ** Genus: '' Tadarida'' ***

Brazilian free-tailed bat The Mexican free-tailed bat or Brazilian free-tailed bat (''Tadarida brasiliensis'') is a medium-sized bat native to the Americas, so named because its tail can be almost half its total length and is not attached to its uropatagium. It has been ...

, ''Tadarida brasiliensis'' LC * Family: Vespertilionidae ** Genus: '' Eptesicus'' ***

Little black serotine The little black serotine (''Eptesicus andinus'') is a species of insectivorous vesper bat. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Bolivia and Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portug ...

, ''Eptesicu andinus'' ***

Brazilian brown bat The Brazilian brown bat (''Eptesicus brasiliensis''), is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States ...

, ''Eptesicus brasiliensis'' LC ***

Chiriquinan serotine The Chiriquinan serotine (''Eptesicus chiriquinus'') is a species of house bat. The Chiriquinan serotine is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List due to its wide distribution and the unlikelihood of its speedy decline. However, the spe ...

, ''Eptesicus chiriquinus'' ***

Diminutive serotine The diminutive serotine (''Eptesicus diminutus'') is a bat species found in Argentina, Colombia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivarian ...

, ''Eptesicus diminutus'' DD ***

Argentine brown bat The Argentine brown bat (''Eptesicus furinalis''), is a bat species from South and Central America. Description The Argentine brown bat is a small to medium sized bat, its dorsal pelage is a cinnamon brown color. Its ventral pelage is a dark bro ...

, ''Eptesicus furinalis'' LC *** Taddei serotine, ''Eptesicus taddeii'' ** Genus: ''

Histiotus ''Histiotus'' (meaning "sail ears") is a genus of South American vesper bats with species that include: * Strange big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus alienus'' * Cadena-García's big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus cadenai'' * Colombian big-eared b ...

'' ***

Strange big-eared brown bat The strange big-eared brown bat (''Histiotus alienus''), is a bat species found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America ...

, ''Histiotus alienus'' DD ***

Thomas's big-eared brown bat Thomas's big-eared brown bat (''Histiotus laephotis'') is a species of vesper bat found in South America. Taxonomy and etymology Thomas's big-eared brown bat was described as a new species in 1916 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. Thomas de ...

, ''Histiotus laephotis'' DD ***

Small big-eared brown bat The small big-eared brown bat (''Histiotus montanus'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), offic ...

, ''Histiotus montanus'' DD ***

Tropical big-eared brown bat The tropical big-eared brown bat (''Histiotus velatus''), is a bat species found in Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã ...

, ''Histiotus velatus'' DD ** Genus: ''

Lasiurus ''Lasiurus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilio ...

'' ***

Desert red bat The western red bat or desert red bat (''Lasiurus frantzii'') is a species of microbat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in western North America and Central America. Taxonomy Previously, it was believed to be a subspecies of the ...

, ''Lasiurus blossevillii'' LC ***

Tacarcuna bat The Tacarcuna bat (''Lasiurus castaneus'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama and possibly Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in N ...

, ''Lasiurus castaneus'' ***

Hoary bat The hoary bat (''Lasiurus cinereus'') is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. It lives throughout most of North America (possibly including Hawaii, although this is disputed). Taxonomy The hoary bat was described as a ...

, ''Lasiurus cinereus'' LC ***

Hairy-tailed bat The hairy-tailed bat (''Lasiurus ebenus''), is a bat species originally known only from its type locality, Ilha do Cardoso State Park in Brazil. A second specimen was collected in 2018, in Carlos Botelho State Park The Carlos Botelho State Park ...

, ''Lasiurus ebenus'' DD ***

Southern yellow bat The southern yellow bat (''Dasypterus ega'') is a species of vesper bat that belongs to suborder microchiroptera (microbat) in the family Vespertilionidae. It is native to South, North and Central America, from the Rio Grande Valley of Texas i ...

, ''Lasiurus ega'' LC ***

Big red bat The big red bat (''Aeorestes egregius'') is a species of vesper bat from South and Central America. Taxonomy It was described as a new species in 1870 by German naturalist Wilhelm Peters. Peters placed it in the now-defunct genus ''Atalpha'', ...

, ''Lasiurus egregius'' DD *** Saline red bat, ''Lasiurus salinae'' ** Genus: ''

Rhogeessa ''Rhogeessa'' is a genus of bats within the vesper bats family, Vespertilionidae. Species *Yucatan yellow bat (''R. aeneus'') *Allen's yellow bat (''R. alleni'') * Bickham's little yellow bat (''Rhogeessa bickhami'') * Genoways's yellow bat ('' ...

'' *** Husson's yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa hussoni'' LC ***

Thomas's yellow bat Thomas's yellow bat (''Rhogeessa io'') is a species of bat from the family Vespertilionidae. Taxonomy Thomas's yellow bat was given its binomial nomenclature by Oldfield Thomas in 1903 as ''Rhogeessa io''. Synonyms for the species include ''Rho ...

, ''Rhogeessa io'' LC ** Genus: '' Myotis'' ***

Silver-tipped myotis The silver-tipped myotis (''Myotis albescens'') is a species of mouse-eared bat found in a range of lowland habitats in the Americas. It is part of the vesper bat genus ''Myotis'', which includes many common species across the world. Genetic ana ...

, ''Myotis albescens'' LC *** ''

Myotis dinellii Dinelli's myotis (''Myotis dinellii'') is a species of vesper bat found in southern South America. Taxonomy It was described in 1902 by Oldfield Thomas. It was previously considered a subspecies of the yellowish myotis (''M. levis''), but was ...

'' *** Izecksohn's myotis, ''Myotis izecksohni'' *** LaVal's myotis, ''Myotis lavali'' ***

Yellowish myotis The yellowish myotis (''Myotis levis''), is a vesper bat species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Dinelli's myotis Dinelli's myotis (''Myotis dinellii'') is a species of vesper bat found in southern ...

, ''Myotis levis'' LC *** Black myotis, ''Myotis nigricans'' LR/lc *** Riparian myotis, ''Myotis riparius'' LC *** Red myotis, ''Myotis ruber'' NT ***

Velvety myotis The velvety myotis (''Myotis simus''), is a species of vesper bat from South America. Description The velvety myotis is a small bat, although of average size for a myotine, with a total length of and weighing between . It has short, velvety, o ...

, ''Myotis simus'' DD

Order:
Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...

* Family: Callitrichidae ** Genus: '' Callimico'' *** Goeldi's marmoset, ''Callimico goeldii'' VU ** Genus: '' Callithrix'' ***

Buffy-tufted marmoset The buffy-tufted marmoset (''Callithrix aurita''), also known as the buffy tufted-ear marmoset or white-eared marmoset, is a New World monkey that lives in the forests on the Atlantic coast of southeast Brazil. Of all the marmosets, it has the so ...

, ''Callithrix aurita'' VU *** Buffy-headed marmoset, ''Callithrix flaviceps'' EN *** White-headed marmoset, ''Callithrix geoffroyi'' LC *** Common marmoset, ''Callithrix jacchus'' LC *** Wied's marmoset, ''Callithrix kuhlii'' NT *** Black-tufted marmoset, ''Callithrix penicillata'' LC ** Genus: '' Cebuella'' *** Pygmy marmoset, ''Cebuella pygmaea'' LC ** Genus: '' Leontocebus'' ***

Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus cruzlimai'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin, ' ...

, ''Leontocebus cruzlimai'' LC ***

Lesson's saddle-back tamarin Lesson's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus fuscus'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Lesson's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin, ''L. fus ...

, ''Leontocebus fuscus'' LC ***

Brown-mantled tamarin The brown-mantled tamarin (''Leontocebus fuscicollis''), also known as Spix's saddle-back tamarin, is a species of saddle-back tamarin. This New World monkey is found in the Southern American countries of Bolivia, Brazil and Peru. This omnivorous ...

, ''Leontocebus fuscicollis'' LC ***

Black-mantled tamarin The black-mantled tamarin, ''Leontocebus nigricollis'', is a species of saddle-back tamarin from the northwestern Amazon Amazon most often refers to: * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek mythology * Amazon rainforest, a rainfores ...

, ''Leontocebus nigricollis'' LC *** Weddell's saddle-back tamarin, ''Leontocebus weddelli'' LC ** Genus: '' Leontopithecus'' *** Superagui lion tamarin, ''Leontopithecus caissara'' CR *** Golden-headed lion tamarin, ''Leontopithecus chrysomelas'' EN *** Black lion tamarin, ''Leontopithecus chrysopygus'' EN *** Golden lion tamarin, ''Leontopithecus rosalia'' EN ** Genus: '' Mico'' *** Rio Acari marmoset, ''Mico acariensis'' DD ***

Gold-and-white marmoset The gold-and-white marmoset (''Mico chrysoleucos''), also known as the golden-white tassel-ear marmoset, is a species of marmoset, a small monkey endemic to the Amazon rainforest in eastern Amazonas state, Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), ...

, ''Mico chrysoleucus'' DD ***

Emilia's marmoset The Emilia's marmoset (''Mico emiliae''), also known as Snethlage's marmoset, is a marmoset endemic to Brazil.Emmons, L & Feer, F. (1997). ''Neotropical Rainforest Mammals''. It is found only in the Brazilian states of Pará and Mato Grosso. It ...

, ''Mico emiliae'' DD ***

Santarem marmoset The Santarem marmoset (''Mico humeralifer''), also known as the black and white tassel-ear marmoset, is a marmoset endemic to the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará. Description The Santarem marmoset is a small monkey, with a head-body leng ...

, ''Mico humeralifer'' DD *** Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset, ''Mico humilis'' VU ***

Hershkovitz's marmoset The Hershkovitz's marmoset (''Mico intermedius''), also known as the Aripuanã marmoset is a marmoset species endemic to the south-central Amazon rainforest in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (P ...

, ''Mico intermedia'' LC *** White marmoset, ''Mico leucippe'' VU *** Manicore marmoset, ''Mico manicorensis'' LC ***

Marca's marmoset The Marca's marmoset (''Mico marcai'') is a species of marmoset that is endemic to the Amazon, in the Aripuanã-Manicoré interfluvium in Brazil. Its body is light grey, with orange legs, a black tail, a pinkish face, and naked ears. It is about ...

, ''Mico marcai'' DD ***

Maués marmoset The Maués marmoset (''Mico mauesi'') is a marmoset endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over ...

, ''Mico mauesi'' LC ***

Munduruku marmoset The Munduruku marmoset (''Mico munduruku'') is a marmoset endemic to Brazil. It is found only in the southern Amazon rainforest, Amazon, in an area of approximately 120,000 km2, from the right bank of the Jamanxim River, below the mouth of t ...

, ''Mico munduruku'' VU ***

Black-tailed marmoset The black-tailed marmoset (''Mico melanurus'') is a species of New World monkey from central South America, where it ranges from the south-central Amazon in Brazil, south through the Pantanal and eastern Bolivia, to the Chaco in far northern Pa ...

, ''Mico melanurus'' LC ***

Black-headed marmoset The black-headed marmoset (''Mico nigriceps'') is a marmoset species endemic to Brazil. It inhabits humid tropical rainforest, mostly second growth and edge; the distribution is not exactly known but is thought to be Rio dos Marmelos in the nort ...

, ''Mico nigriceps'' DD *** Sateré marmoset, ''Mico saterei'' LC ** Genus: '' Saguinus'' *** Pied tamarin, ''Saguinus bicolor'' EN *** Emperor tamarin, ''Saguinus imperator'' LC ***

Mottle-faced tamarin The mottle-faced tamarin (''Saguinus inustus'') is a species of tamarin from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South Am ...

, ''Saguinus inustus'' LC ***

White-lipped tamarin The white-lipped tamarin (''Saguinus labiatus''), also known as the red-bellied tamarin, is a tamarin which lives in the Amazon area of Brazil and Bolivia. The red belly of these New World monkeys is its most remarkable outward characteristic. ...

, ''Saguinus labiatus'' LC ***

Martins's tamarin Martins's tamarin (''Saguinus martinsi'') or Martin's ochraceous bare-face tamarin, is a species of tamarin endemic to Brazil. Taxonomy Martin's tamarin is a monkey in the genus ''Saguinus''. It has two subspecies: '' S. m. martinsi'' and '' ...

, ''Saguinus martinsi'' LC *** Red-handed tamarin, ''Saguinus midas'' LC *** Moustached tamarin, ''Saguinus mystax'' LC *** Black tamarin, ''Saguinus niger'' VU * Family:

Cebidae The Cebidae are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. Extant members are the capuchin and squirrel monkeys. These species are found throughout tropical and subtropical South and Central America. Characteristics Cebid mo ...

** Genus: '' Cebus'' *** Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin, ''Cebus albifrons'' LC *** Kaapori capuchin, ''Cebus kaapori'' CR *** Spix's white-fronted capuchin, ''Cebus unicolor'' ***

Wedge-capped capuchin The wedge-capped capuchin or Guianan weeper capuchin (''Cebus olivaceus'') is a capuchin monkey from South America. It is found in northern Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela. ''Cebus olivaceus'' is known to dwell in tall, primary forest and travel ove ...

, ''Cebus olivaceus'' LC *** Marañón white-fronted capuchin, ''Cebus yuracus'' ** Genus: '' Sapajus'' *** Tufted capuchin, ''Sapajus apella'' LC ***

Black-striped capuchin The black-striped capuchin (''Sapajus libidinosus''), also known as the bearded capuchin, is a New World monkey in the family Cebidae. They can be found in northern and central Brazil. These capuchins mostly live in dry forests, and savannah lands ...

, ''Sapajus libidinosus'' LC *** Large-headed capuchin, ''Sapajus macrocephalus'' LC *** Black capuchin, ''Sapajus nigritus'' NT ***

Crested capuchin The crested capuchin or robust tufted capuchin (''Sapajus robustus'') is a species of robust capuchin monkey. It is endemic to Brazil. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the black capuchin but is now considered by some to be a separate sp ...

, ''Sapajus robustus'' EN *** Golden-bellied capuchin, ''Sapajus xanthosternos'' CR ** Genus: '' Saimiri'' ***

Black-capped squirrel monkey The black-capped squirrel monkey (''Saimiri boliviensis'') is a species of New-World monkey native to the upper Amazon basin in Bolivia, western Brazil and eastern Peru. They weigh between 365 and 1135 grams and measure, from the head to the b ...

, ''Saimiri boliviensis'' LC ***

Collins' squirrel monkey Collins' squirrel monkey (''Saimiri collinsii'') is a species of squirrel monkey from Brazil. It had been considered a subspecies of the common squirrel monkey (''S. sciureus'') until a genetic study by Jessica Lynch Alfaro et al. elevated it to ...

, ''Saimiri collinsi'' ***

Humboldt's squirrel monkey Humboldt's squirrel monkey (''Saimiri cassiquiarensis'') is a species of squirrel monkey from Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. It had previously been considered a subspecies of the common squirrel monkey, ''S. scuireus'', but was el ...

, ''Saimiri cassiquiarensis'' *** Guianan squirrel monkey, ''Saimiri sciureus'' LC ***

Bare-eared squirrel monkey The bare-eared squirrel monkey (''Saimiri ustus'') is a squirrel monkey endemic to Brazil and possibly eastern Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow ...

, ''Saimiri ustus'' NT *** Black squirrel monkey, ''Saimiri vanzolinii'' VU * Family:

Aotidae Night monkeys, also known as owl monkeys or douroucoulis (), are nocturnal New World monkeys of the genus ''Aotus'', the only member of the family Aotidae (). The genus comprises eleven species which are found across Panama and much of South Ame ...

** Genus: '' Aotus'' *** Feline night monkey, ''Aotus azarae'' LC *** Nancy Ma's night monkey, ''Aotus nancymaae'' LC *** Black-headed night monkey, ''Aotus nigriceps'' LC ***

Three-striped night monkey The three-striped night monkey (''Aotus trivirgatus''), also known as northern night monkey or northern owl monkey, is one of several species of owl monkeys currently recognised. It is found in Venezuela and north-central Brazil. Until 1983, all ...

, ''Aotus trivirgatus'' LC *** Spix's night monkey, ''Aotus vociferans'' LC * Family: Pitheciidae ** Genus: ''

Cacajao Uakari (, ) is the common name for the New World monkeys of the genus ''Cacajao''. Both the English and scientific names are believed to have originated from indigenous languages. The uakaris are unusual among New World monkeys in that the tail ...

'' *** Bald uakari, ''Cacajao calvus'' VU *** Black-headed uakari, ''Cacajao melanocephalus'' LC ***

Aracá uakari The Aracá uakari (''Cacajao ayresi''), also known as the Ayres black uakari, is a newly described species of monkey from the northwest Brazilian Amazon. It was found by Jean-Phillipe Boubli of the University of Auckland after following native ...

, ''Cacajao ayresi'' VU ***

Neblina uakari The Neblina uakari (''Cacajao hosomi'') or black-headed uakari, is a newly described species of monkey from the far northwest Brazilian Amazon and adjacent southern Venezuela. It was found by Jean-Phillipe Boubli of the University of Auckland a ...

, ''Cacajao hosomi'' VU ** Genus: '' Callicebus'' *** Baptista Lake titi, ''Callicebus baptista'' LC ***

Barbara Brown's titi Barbara Brown's titi monkey (''Callicebus barbarabrownae''), also popularly known as the blond titi monkey or northern Bahian blond titi, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. This critically endangered species is endemic to the Caat ...

, ''Callicebus barbarabrownae'' CR ***

Prince Bernhard's titi Prince Bernhard's titi monkey (''Plecturocebus bernhardi''), also called the zog-zog monkey, is a species of titi monkey in the genus ''Plecturocebus'', first described in 2002. It is named after Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands. They have var ...

, ''Callicebus bernhardi'' LC *** Brown titi, ''Callicebus brunneus'' LC ***

Chestnut-bellied titi The chestnut-bellied titi monkey (''Plecturocebus caligatus'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest c ...

, ''Callicebus caligatus'' LC *** Ashy black titi, ''Callicebus cinerascens'' LC ***

Coimbra Filho's titi Coimbra Filho's titi monkey (''Callicebus coimbrai'') or just Coimbra's titi is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to forests in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe. It was first discovered by Shuji Kobayashi. It is co ...

, ''Callicebus coimbrai'' EN *** Coppery titi, ''Callicebus cupreus'' LC *** White-eared titi, ''Callicebus donacophilus'' LC ***

Hershkovitz's titi Hershkovitz's titi monkey (''Plecturocebus dubius'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru. The common name is in reference to American zoologist Philip Hershkovitz, ...

, ''Callicebus dubius'' LC ***

Hoffmanns's titi Hoffmanns's titi monkey (''Plecturocebus hoffmannsi'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country i ...

, ''Callicebus hoffmannsi'' LC ***

Lucifer titi The Lucifer titi monkey (''Cheracebus lucifer'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It was described as ''Callicebus lucifer'' in 1914. The Lucifer titi has p ...

, ''Callicebus lucifer'' LC ***

Black titi The black titi monkey (''Cheracebus lugens''), is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. It was described in 1811 as ''Calicebus lugens''. It is sometimes called the wid ...

, ''Callicebus lugens'' LC ***

Coastal black-handed titi The coastal black-handed titi monkey (''Callicebus melanochir'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. Description Coastal black-handed titis are relatively small primates with fluffy fur, a long, bushy tail and ...

, ''Callicebus melanochir'' VU *** Red-bellied titi, ''Callicebus moloch'' LC ***

Black-fronted titi The black-fronted titi monkey (''Callicebus nigrifrons'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. The black-fronted titi is a small diurnal primate. The body of this primate is covered in grey to brown fur with black fur concentrated ...

, ''Callicebus nigrifrons'' NT ***

White-coated titi The white-coated titi monkey (''Plecturocebus pallescens'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, ...

, ''Callicebus pallescens'' LC *** Atlantic titi, ''Callicebus personatus'' VU ***

Rio Purus titi The collared titi monkey (''Cheracebus torquatus'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to northern Brazil. Taxonomy At the end of the 1980s the genus ''Callicebus'' was revised from the Hershkovitz concept of three ...

, ''Callicebus purinus'' LC *** Red-headed titi, ''Callicebus regulus'' LC ***

Stephen Nash's titi Stephen Nash's titi monkey (''Plecturocebus stephennashi''), also known as just Nash's titi or Stephen Nash's monkey, is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to the eastern bank of the Purus River in Brazil. It was disco ...

, ''Callicebus stephennashi'' DD *** Collared titi, ''Callicebus torquatus'' LC ** Genus: '' Chiropotes'' *** White-nosed saki, ''Chiropotes albinasus'' EN ***

Red-backed bearded saki The red-backed bearded sakiBonvicino, C. R., Boubli, J. P., Otazú, I. B., Almeida, F. C., Nascimento, F. F., Coura, J. R. and Seuánez, H. N. (2003). ''Morphologic, karyotypic, and molecular evidence of a new form of Chiropotes (primates, pithec ...

, ''Chiropotes chiropotes'' LC ***

Brown-backed bearded saki The brown-backed bearded saki (''Chiropotes israelita'') is one of five species of bearded saki, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to the Amazon in north-western Brazil (north of the Rio Negro and west of the Branco River) and southern V ...

, ''Chiropotes israelita'' ***

Black bearded saki The black bearded saki (''Chiropotes satanas'') is a species of New World monkey, native to the Amazon rainforest of South America, specifically to an area of north-eastern Brazil. It is one of five species of bearded saki. Bearded sakis are med ...

, ''Chiropotes satanas'' CR ***

Uta Hick's bearded saki Uta Hick's bearded saki (''Chiropotes utahicki'') is an endangered species of bearded saki, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to Brazil, where restricted to the Amazon between the Xingu and Tocantins Rivers. It was formerly treated as a ...

, ''Chiropotes utahicki'' EN ** Genus: ''

Pithecia Sakis, or saki monkeys, are any of several New World monkeys of the genus ''Pithecia''. They are closely related to the bearded sakis of genus ''Chiropotes''. Range Sakis' range includes northern and central South America, extending from the so ...

'' *** White-footed saki, ''Pithecia albicans'' VU ***

Rio Tapajós saki The Rio Tapajós saki or Gray's bald-faced saki (''Pithecia irrorata'') is a species of saki monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in parts of western Brazil, southeastern Colombia, southeastern Peru and possibly nor ...

, ''Pithecia irrorata'' LC *** Monk saki, ''Pithecia monachus'' LC ***

White-faced saki The white-faced saki (''Pithecia pithecia''), called the Guianan saki and the golden-faced saki, is a species of the New World saki monkey. They can be found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. This species lives in the und ...

, ''Pithecia pithecia'' * Family: Atelidae ** Genus: '' Alouatta'' *** Red-handed howler, ''Alouatta belzebul'' VU *** Black howler, ''Alouatta caraya'' LC *** Brown howler, ''Alouatta guariba'' LC ***

Amazon black howler The Amazon black howler (''Alouatta nigerrima'') is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to the south-central Amazon in Brazil. Until 2001, most authorities included it as a subspecies (or simply a taxonomically insigni ...

, ''Alouatta nigerrima'' LC *** Venezuelan red howler, ''Alouatta seniculus'' LC ***

Maranhão red-handed howler The Maranhão red-handed howler (''Alouatta ululata'') is an endangered species of howler monkey endemic to forests (for example Babaçu forests) in the northeastern Brazilian states of Ceará, Maranhão and Piauí. It was previously thought to ...

, ''Alouatta ululata'' EN ** Genus: '' Ateles'' ***

White-fronted spider monkey The white-bellied spider monkey (''Ateles belzebuth''), also known as the white-fronted or long-haired spider monkey, is an endangered species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey. It is found in the north-western Amazon in Colombia, Ecua ...

, ''Ateles belzebuth'' EN ***

Peruvian spider monkey The Peruvian spider monkey (''Ateles chamek''), also known as the black-faced black spider monkey, is a species of spider monkey that lives in Peru, as well as in Brazil and in Bolivia. At long, they are relatively large among species of monkey, ...

, ''Ateles chamek'' EN ***

White-cheeked spider monkey The white-cheeked spider monkey (''Ateles marginatus'') is a species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. It moves around the forest canopy in small family groups of two to four, part of larger groups of a few dozen an ...

, ''Ateles marginatus'' EN ***

Red-faced spider monkey The red-faced spider monkey (''Ateles paniscus'') also known as the Guiana spider monkey or red-faced black spider monkey, is a species of spider monkey found in the rain forests in northern South America. The species faces issues with hunting a ...

, ''Ateles paniscus'' VU ** Genus: ''

Brachyteles The muriquis, also known as woolly spider monkeys, are the monkeys of the genus ''Brachyteles''. They are closely related to both the spider monkeys and the woolly monkeys. The two species are the southern (''B. arachnoides'') and northern (' ...

'' ***

Southern muriqui The southern muriqui (''Brachyteles arachnoides'') is a muriqui (woolly spider monkey) species endemic to Brazil. Taxonomy Taxonomy of muriquis is controversial because some scientists believe that they are a monotypic genus while others favo ...

, ''Brachyteles arachnoides'' EN ***

Northern muriqui The northern muriqui (''Brachyteles hypoxanthus)'' is one of two species of muriqui. They are also known as woolly spider monkey because they exhibit the woollen pelt of woolly monkeys and the long prehensile tail of spider monkeys. Muriquis are ...

, ''Brachyteles hypoxanthus'' CR ** Genus: ''

Lagothrix The woolly monkeys are the genus ''Lagothrix'' of New World monkeys, usually placed in the family Atelidae. Both species in this genus originate from the rainforests of South America. They have prehensile tails and live in relatively large soci ...

'' *** Gray woolly monkey, ''Lagothrix cana'' EN ***

Brown woolly monkey The common woolly monkey, brown woolly monkey, or Humboldt's woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha'') is a woolly monkey from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Venezuela. It lives in groups of two to 70 individuals, usually splitting ...

, ''Lagothrix lagothricha'' VU ***

Silvery woolly monkey The silvery woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha poeppigii''), also known as Poeppig's woolly monkey or the red woolly monkey, is a subspecies of the common woolly monkey from South America. Named after the German zoologist Eduard Friedrich Poe ...

, ''Lagothrix poeppigii'' VU

Order:
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
- dogs, foxes, wolves

* Genus: '' Atelocynus'' **

Short-eared dog The short-eared dog (''Atelocynus microtis''), also known as the short-eared zorro or small-eared dog,de la Rosa, Carlos L.; and Nocke, Claudia. A Guide to the Carnivores of Central America: Natural History, Ecology, and Conservation. Austin: Uni ...

, ''A. microtis'' * Genus: '' Cerdocyon'' **

Crab-eating fox The crab-eating fox (''Cerdocyon thous''), also known as the forest fox, wood fox, bushdog (not to be confused with the bush dog) or maikong, is an extant species of medium-sized canid endemic to the central part of South America since at least ...

, ''C. thous'' * Genus: '' Chrysocyon'' ** Maned wolf, ''C. brachyurus'' *Genus: ''

Dusicyon ''Dusicyon'' is an extinct genus of South American canids. The type species is ''Dusicyon australis'', the Falkland Islands wolf. In 1914, Oldfield Thomas established this genus, in which he included the culpeo and other South American foxes. ...

'' ** ''

Dusicyon avus ''Dusicyon avus'' is an extinct species of cerdocyonine canid in the genus ''Dusicyon,'' native to South America during the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. It was medium to large, about the size of a German shepherd. It was closely related to t ...

'' * Genus: ''

Lycalopex The South American foxes (''Lycalopex''), commonly called ''raposa'' in Portuguese, or ''zorro'' in Spanish, are a genus from South America of the subfamily Caninae. Despite their name, they are not true foxes, but are a unique canid genus more ...

'' **

Pampas fox The Pampas fox (''Lycalopex gymnocercus''), also known as grey pampean fox, Pampas zorro, Azara's fox, or Azara's zorro (in Spanish also called , anglicized as aguarachay, in Portuguese also called ), is a medium-sized zorro, or "false" fox, na ...

, ''L. gymnocercus'' ** Hoary fox, ''L. vetulus'' * Genus: ''

Speothos ''Speothos'' is a genus of canid found in Central and South America. The genus includes the living bush dog, ''Speothos venaticus'', and an extinct Pleistocene species, ''Speothos pacivorus''. Unusually, the fossil species was identified and nam ...

'' **

Bush dog The bush dog (''Speothos venaticus'') is a canine found in Central and South America. In spite of its extensive range, it is very rare in most areas except in Suriname, Guyana and Peru; it was first identified by Peter Wilhelm Lund from fossils ...

, ''S. venaticus''

Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
- cats

* Genus: '' Leopardus'' ** Pampas cat ''L. colocola'' ** Geoffroy's cat ''L. geoffroyi'' **

Ocelot The ocelot (''Leopardus pardalis'') is a medium-sized spotted wild cat that reaches at the shoulders and weighs between on average. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized. It is native to the southwes ...

''L. pardalis'' ** Oncilla ''L. tigrinus'' ** Margay ''L. wiedii'' * Genus: ''

Herpailurus The jaguarundi (''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'') is a wild cat native to the Americas. Its range extends from central Argentina in the south to northern Mexico, through Central and South America east of the Andes. The jaguarundi is a medium-sized ...

'' **

Jaguarundi The jaguarundi (''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'') is a wild cat native to the Americas. Its range extends from central Argentina in the south to northern Mexico, through Central and South America east of the Andes. The jaguarundi is a medium-sized ...

, ''H. yagouaroundi'' * Genus: ''

Puma Puma or PUMA may refer to: Animals * ''Puma'' (genus), a genus in the family Felidae ** Puma (species) or cougar, a large cat Businesses and organisations * Puma (brand), a multinational shoe and sportswear company * Puma Energy, a mid- and d ...

'' **

Cougar The cougar (''Puma concolor'') is a large Felidae, cat native to the Americas. Its Species distribution, range spans from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes in South America and is the most widespread of any large wild terrestrial mamm ...

, ''P. concolor'' * Genus: ''

Panthera ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family (biology), family Felidae that was named and described by Lorenz Oken in 1816 who placed all the spotted cats in this group. Reginald Innes Pocock revised the classification of this genus in 1916 as co ...

'' **

Jaguar The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus '' Panthera'' native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the largest cat species in the Americas and the th ...

, ''P. onca''

Mustelidae -
otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes wea ...
s, weasels and allies

* Tayra, ''Eira barbara'' *

Lesser grison The lesser grison (''Galictis cuja'') is a species of mustelid from South America. Description Lesser grisons have a long, slender body, short legs, and a bushy tail. They have a long neck and a small head with a flattened forehead and rounded ea ...

, ''Galictis cuja'' * Greater grison, ''Galictis vittata'' *

Neotropical river otter The Neotropical otter or Neotropical river otter (''Lontra longicaudis'') is an otter species found in Mexico, Central America, South America, and the island of Trinidad. It is physically similar to the northern and southern river otter, which ...

, ''Lontra longicaudis'' *

Amazon weasel The Amazon weasel (''Neogale africana''), also known as the tropical weasel, is a species of weasel native to South America. It was first identified from a museum specimen mislabelled as coming from Africa, hence the scientific name. Taxonomy ...

, ''Neogale africana'' * Long-tailed weasel, ''Neogale frenata'' * Giant otter, ''Pteronura brasiliensis''

Mephitidae -
skunk Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginge ...
s

* Molina's hog-nosed skunk, ''Conepatus chinga'' * Striped hog-nosed skunk, ''Conepatus semistriatus''

Otariidae - eared seals

* South American fur seal, ''Arctocephalus australis'' * Subantarctic fur seal, ''Arctocephalus tropicalis'' *

South American sea lion The South American sea lion (''Otaria flavescens'', formerly ''Otaria byronia''), also called the southern sea lion and the Patagonian sea lion, is a sea lion found on the western and southeastern coasts of South America. It is the only member ...

, ''Otaria flavescens''

Phocidae - earless seals

* Southern elephant seal, ''Mirounga leonina''

Procyonidae Procyonidae is a New World family of the order Carnivora. It comprises the raccoons, ringtails, cacomistles, coatis, kinkajous, olingos, and olinguitos. Procyonids inhabit a wide range of environments and are generally omnivorous. Character ...
- raccoons, coatis,
olingo The genus ''Bassaricyon'' consists of small Neotropical procyonids, popularly known as olingos (), cousins of the raccoon. They are native to the rainforests of Central and South America from Nicaragua to Peru. They are arboreal and nocturnal, an ...
s and allies

Eastern lowland olingo The eastern lowland olingo (''Bassaricyon alleni'') is a species of olingo from South America, where it is known from the lowlands east of the Andes in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela.South American coati, ''Nasua nasua'' * Kinkajou, ''Potos flavus'' * Crab-eating raccoon, ''Procyon cancrivorus''

Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...

Balaenidae Balaenidae () is a family of whales of the parvorder Mysticeti that contains two living genera: the right whales (genus ''Eubalaena''), and in a separate genus, the closely related bowhead whale (genus ''Balaena''). Evolutionary history Bale ...
-
right whale Right whales are three species of large baleen whales of the genus ''Eubalaena'': the North Atlantic right whale (''E. glacialis''), the North Pacific right whale (''E. japonica'') and the Southern right whale (''E. australis''). They are clas ...
s

Southern right whale The southern right whale (''Eubalaena australis'') is a baleen whale, one of three species classified as right whales belonging to the genus ''Eubalaena''. Southern right whales inhabit oceans south of the Equator, between the latitudes of 20 ...

, ''Eubalaena australis''

Balaenopteridae Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin wha ...
-
rorqual Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin wha ...
s

* Common minke whale, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'' * Antarctic minke whale, ''Balaenoptera bonaerensis'' *

Sei whale The sei whale ( , ; ''Balaenoptera borealis'') is a baleen whale, the third-largest rorqual after the blue whale and the fin whale. It inhabits most oceans and adjoining seas, and prefers deep offshore waters. It avoids polar and tropical ...

, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' *

Bryde's whale Bryde's whale ( Brooder's), or the Bryde's whale complex, putatively comprises three species of rorqual and maybe four. The "complex" means the number and classification remains unclear because of a lack of definitive information and research ...

, ''Balaenoptera brydei'' * Omura's whale, ''Balaenoptera omurai'' (the second case found in Atlantic oceans) * Blue whale, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' * Fin whale, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' * Humpback whale, ''Megaptera novaeangliae''

Delphinidae - dolphins

Long-beaked common dolphin The common dolphin (''Delphinus delphis'') is the most abundant cetacean in the world, with a global population of about six million. Despite this fact and its vernacular name, the common dolphin is not thought of as the archetypal dolphin, with ...

, ''Delphinus capensis'' * Pygmy killer whale, ''Feresa attenuata'' * Short-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala macrorhynchus'' * Long-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala melas'' * Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' *

Fraser's dolphin Fraser's dolphin or the Sarawak dolphin (''Lagenodelphis hosei'') is a cetacean in the family Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Taxonomy ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' is spe ...

, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' * Southern right whale dolphin, ''Lissodelphis peronii'' * Killer whale, ''Orcinus orca'' * Melon-headed whale, ''Peponocephala electra'' * False killer whale, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' *

Costero The Guiana dolphin (''Sotalia guianensis''), also known as the estuarine dolphin or costero, is a dolphin found in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America, and east of Central America. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin fami ...

, ''Sotalia guianensis'' *

Tucuxi The tucuxi (''Sotalia fluviatilis''), alternatively known in Peru ''bufeo gris'' or ''bufeo negro'', is a species of freshwater dolphin found in the rivers of the Amazon basin. The word ''tucuxi'' is derived from the Tupi language word ''tuchuc ...

, ''Sotalia fluviatilis'' *

Pantropical spotted dolphin The pantropical spotted dolphin (''Stenella attenuata'') is a species of dolphin found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse s ...

, ''Stenella attenuata'' *

Clymene dolphin The Clymene dolphin (''Stenella clymene''), in older texts known as the short-snouted spinner dolphin, is a dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only confirmed case of hybrid speciation in marine mammals, descending from the spinner ...

, ''Stenella clymene'' * Striped dolphin, ''Stenella coeruleoalba'' * Spinner dolphin, ''Stenella longirostris'' *

Rough-toothed dolphin The rough-toothed dolphin (''Steno bredanensis'') is a species of dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. The species was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1823. The genus name ''Steno'', of which this spe ...

, ''Steno bredanensis'' * Common bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops truncatus''

Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...
-
porpoise Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...
s

Burmeister's porpoise Burmeister's porpoise (''Phocoena spinipinnis'') is a species of porpoise endemic to the coast of South America. It was first described by Hermann Burmeister, for whom the species is named, in 1865. Locally it is known as ''marsopa espinosa'' (t ...

, ''Phocoena spinipinnis'' * Spectacled porpoise, ''Phocoena dioptrica''

Physeteridae

Sperm whale The sperm whale or cachalot (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the genus ''Physeter'' and one of three extant species in the sperm whale famil ...

, ''Physeter macrocephalus''

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ...
- South American river dolphins

* Amazon river dolphin, ''Inia geoffrensis'' *

Araguaian river dolphin The Araguaian river dolphin or Araguaian boto (''Inia araguaiaensis'') is a South American river dolphin population native to the Araguaia–Tocantins basin of Brazil. Discovery and species recognition The recognition of ''I. araguaiaensis'' ...

, ''Inia araguaiaensis''

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

La Plata dolphin The La Plata dolphin, franciscana or toninha (''Pontoporia blainvillei'') is a species of dolphin found in coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. It is a member of the river dolphin group and the only one that lives in the ocean ...

, ''Pontoporia blainvillei''

Ziphiidae -
beaked whale Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...
s

Arnoux's beaked whale Arnoux's beaked whale (''Berardius arnuxii''), also called the southern four-toothed whale, southern beaked whale, New Zealand beaked whale, southern giant bottlenose whale and southern porpoise whale is one of the species of '' Berardius''. Arno ...

, ''Berardius arnuxii'' *

Southern bottlenose whale The southern bottlenose whale (''Hyperoodon planifrons'') is a species of whale, in the Ziphiid family, one of two members of the genus ''Hyperoodon''. Seldom observed, the southern bottlenose whale is resident in Antarctic waters. The species wa ...

, ''Hyperoodon planifrons'' *

Blainville's beaked whale Blainville's beaked whale (''Mesoplodon densirostris''), or the dense-beaked whale, is believed to be the widest ranging mesoplodont whale. The French zoologist Henri de Blainville first described the species in 1817 from a small piece of jaw � ...

, ''Mesoplodon densirostris'' * Hector's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon hectori'' * Cuvier's beaked whale, ''Ziphius cavirostris''

Sirenia

Trichechidae - manatees

Amazonian manatee The Amazonian manatee (''Trichechus inunguis'') is a species of manatee that lives in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. It has thin, wrinkled brownish or gray colored skin, with fine hairs scattered over its body and a whit ...

, ''Trichechus inunguis'' * West Indian manatee, ''Trichechus manatus'' * Dwarf manatee, ''Trichechus pygmaeus''

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...
- tapirs

* Brazilian tapir, ''Tapirus terrestris'' * Kabomani tapir, ''Tapirus kabomani''

Artiodactyla

Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...
- pigs

Feral hog The feral pig is a domestic pig which has gone feral, meaning it lives in the wild. They are found mostly in the Americas and Australia. Razorback and wild hog are Americanisms applied to feral pigs or boar-pig hybrids. Definition A feral pi ...

, ''Sus scrofa'' (introduced species)

Tayassuidae - peccaries

* Collared peccary, ''Dicotyles tajacu'' *

Giant peccary The collared peccary (''Dicotyles tajacu'') is a species of artiodactyl (even-toed) mammal in the family Tayassuidae found in North, Central, and South America. It is the only member of the genus ''Dicotyles''. They are commonly referred to as ' ...

, ''Pecari maximus'' *

White-lipped peccary The white-lipped peccary (''Tayassu pecari'') is a species of peccary found in Central America, Central and South America and the only member of the genus ''Tayassu''. Multiple subspecies have been identified. White-lipped peccaries are similar ...

, ''Tayassu pecari''

Cervidae - deer

* Chital or axis deer, ''Axis axis'' (introduced species) * Marsh deer, ''Blastocerus dichotomus'' * Red brocket, ''Mazama americana'' *

Gray brocket The gray brocket (''Mazama gouazoubira''), also known as the brown brocket, is a species of brocket deer from northern Argentina, Bolivia, southern Peru, eastern and southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It formerly included the Amazonian br ...

, ''Mazama gouazoubira'' * Pygmy brocket, ''Mazama nana'' * White-tailed deer, ''Odocoileus virginianus'' * Pampas deer, ''Ozotoceros bezoarticus''

Rodentia

Sciuridae -
squirrel Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
s

* Amazon dwarf squirrel, ''Microsciurus flaviventer'' *

Neotropical pygmy squirrel The Neotropical pygmy squirrel (''Sciurillus pusillus'') is a South American species of tree squirrel, being the only living species in the genus ''Sciurillus'' and the subfamily Sciurillinae. Genetic analysis has shown it to be the sister group ...

, ''Sciurillus pusillus'' *

Brazilian squirrel The Brazilian squirrel (or Guianan squirrel) (''Sciurus aestuans'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' endemic to South America. It is found in South-eastern Colombia, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname and Venezuela Vene ...

, ''Sciurus aestuans'' *

Yellow-throated squirrel The yellow-throated squirrel (''Sciurus gilvigularis'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' endemic to South America. It is found in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( e ...

, ''Sciurus gilvigularis'' *

Bolivian squirrel The Bolivian squirrel (''Sciurus ignitus'') is a tree squirrel that is endemic to South America. Little is known of the species, which may represent a species complex. Description Bolivian squirrels are moderately sized tree squirrels, with a he ...

, ''Sciurus ignitus'' *

Northern Amazon red squirrel The northern Amazon red squirrel (''Sciurus igniventris'') is a squirrel species from South America. It occurs in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, ...

, ''Sciurus igniventris'' * Southern Amazon red squirrel, ''Sciurus spadiceus''

Myocastoridae

* Nutria, ''Myocastor coypus''

Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ...
- Old World rats and allies

Norway rat The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown o ...

, ''Rattus norvegicus'' (introduced species) *

Black rat The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is n ...

, ''Rattus rattus'' (introduced species) *

House mouse The house mouse (''Mus musculus'') is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus '' Mus''. Althoug ...

, ''Mus musculus'' (introduced species)

Cricetidae -
New World rat The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging in from the tiny ''Baiomys'' to the large ''Kunsia''. They represent one of the few exampl ...
s and allies

*''

Abrawayaomys chebezi Ruschi's rat or Ruschi's spiny mouse (''Abrawayaomys ruschii'') is a rodent species found in Argentina and Brazil. Some cranial features suggest it may be an archaic relative of the paramo Oldfield mouse (''Thomasomys paramorum''). The upper par ...

'' * Ruschi's rat, ''Abrawayaomys ruschii'' * Azara's grass mouse, ''Akodon azarae'' *

Cursor grass mouse The cursor grass mouse or cursorial akodont (''Akodon cursor''), is a Sigmodontinae, sigmodontine rodent from South America. Description The cursor grass mouse is a moderately sized rodent, with a head-body length of , and a tail long. Males ar ...

, ''Akodon cursor'' *

Lindbergh's grass mouse Lindbergh's grass mouse (''Akodon lindberghi'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America ...

, ''Akodon lindberghi'' *

Montane grass mouse The montane grass mouse (''Akodon montensis'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. See also *''Trichuris navonae ''Trichuris navonae'' is parasite found in forest dwelling mice, '' A ...

, ''Akodon montensis'' * Caparaó grass mouse, ''Akodon mystax'' * Paraná grass mouse, ''Akodon paranaensis'' * Reig's grass mouse, ''Akodon reigi'' * Sao Paulo grass mouse, ''Akodon sanctipaulensis'' *

Serra do Mar grass mouse The Serra do Mar grass mouse or Cerrado grass mouse (''Akodon serrensis'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil. Pardiñas ''et al.'' (2016) transferred this species from the genus '' Akodon'' to the separate akodontine ...

, ''Akodon serrensis'' *

Large-lipped crimson-nosed rat ''Bibimys labiosus''), also known as the large-lipped crimson-nosed rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Brazil and Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argent ...

, ''Bibimys labiosus'' *

Brazilian shrew mouse The Brazilian shrew mouse (''Blarinomys breviceps''), also known as the blarinine akodont,Musser and Carleton, 2005 is a rodent in the tribe Akodontini from the Atlantic Forest The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American ...

, ''Blarinomys breviceps'' *

Gray-bellied brucie ''Brucepattersonius griserufescens'', also known as the gray-bellied akodontMusser and Carleton, 2005 or grey-bellied brucie,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a rodent in the cricetid genus ''Brucepattersonius'' from southeastern Brazil, specifically the ...

, ''Brucepattersonius griserufescens'' *

Red-bellied brucie ''Brucepattersonius igniventris'', also known as the red-bellied akodontMusser and Carleton, 2005 or red-bellied brucie,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a South American rodent in the genus ''Brucepattersonius''. It is known only from a few specimens fro ...

, ''Brucepattersonius igniventris'' *

Ihering's hocicudo ''Brucepattersonius iheringi'', also known as Ihering's akodont,Musser and Carleton, 2005 Ihering's hocicudo, or Ihering's brucie,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a South American rodent in the genus ''Brucepattersonius''. It occurs in Santa Catarina an ...

, ''Brucepattersonius iheringi'' *

Soricine brucie The soricine brucie (''Brucepattersonius soricinus'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South A ...

, ''Brucepattersonius soricinus'' *

Large vesper mouse The large vesper mouse (''Calomys callosus'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. Its karyotype has 2n = 50 and FN = 66. It was formerly synonymized with '' C. ...

, ''Calomys callosus'' *''

Calomys cerqueirai ''Calomys cerqueirai'' is a species of rodent in the genus ''Calomys'' from southeastern Brazil. Distinct from other ''Calomys'' in its karyotype and characters of the fur, it is known only from two places in Minas Gerais. The karyotype was first ...

'' * Small vesper mouse, ''Calomys laucha'' *

Delicate vesper mouse The delicate vesper mouse (''Calomys tener'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. Its karyotype has Ploidy#Diploid, 2n = 66 and Karyotype#Fundamental number, FN = 66. Refere ...

, ''Calomys tener'' *

Tocantins vesper mouse The Tocantins vesper mouse (''Calomys tocantinsi'') is a South American rodent species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often de ...

, ''Calomys tocantinsi'' *''

Cerradomys langguthi ''Cerradomys langguthi'' is a species of rodent from South America in the genus ''Cerradomys''. It occurs only in northeastern Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest countr ...

'' *''

Cerradomys maracajuensis ''Cerradomys maracajuensis'', also known as the Maracaju oryzomys, is a rodent species from South America. It is terrestrial and is found in gallery forests in Bolivia, Paraguay and nearby Brazil and Peru , image_flag = Flag of ...

'' * Marinho's oryzomys, ''Cerradomys marinhus'' * Lindbergh’s oryzomys, ''Cerradomys scotti'' * Terraced rice rat, ''Cerradomys subflavus'' *''

Cerradomys vivoi ''Cerradomys vivoi'' is a species of rodent from South America in the genus ''Cerradomys''. It occurs only in eastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia, Goiás, and Sergipe Sergipe (), officially State of Sergipe, is a state of Brazil. Located in ...

'' *

Montane Atlantic Forest rat The montane Atlantic Forest rat (''Delomys collinus'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to part of the Atlantic Forest region of southeastern Brazil, where it is found at elevations from 1000 to 2700 ...

, ''Delomys collinus'' *

Striped Atlantic Forest rat The striped Atlantic Forest rat (''Delomys dorsalis'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Argentina and Brazil. References * Delomys Mammals of Argentina Mammals of Brazil Mammals described in 1873 {{Cricet ...

, ''Delomys dorsalis'' *

Pallid Atlantic Forest rat The pallid Atlantic Forest rat (''Delomys sublineatus'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil. References Delomys Mammals of Brazil Mammals described in 1903 Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas {{Cricetidae-s ...

, ''Delomys sublineatus'' *''

Drymoreomys albimaculatus ''Drymoreomys'' is a rodent genus in the tribe Oryzomyini that lives in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. The single species, ''D. albimaculatus'', is known only from the states of São Paulo and Santa Catarina and was not named until 2011. ...

'' * Emmons's rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys emmonsae'' * Buffy-sided oryzomys, ''Euryoryzomys lamia'' *

MacConnell's rice rat ''Euryoryzomys macconnelli'', also known as MacConnell's rice rat or MacConnell's oryzomys, is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela, where it lives in ...

, ''Euryoryzomys macconnelli'' * Elegant rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys nitidus'' * Russet rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys russatus'' *

Gray leaf-eared mouse The gray leaf-eared mouse (''Graomys griseoflavus'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay; its habitat includes the Gran Chaco. This is a variable and widely distributed species that can ...

, ''Graomys griseoflavus'' * Web-footed marsh rat, ''Holochilus brasiliensis'' * Amazonian marsh rat, ''Holochilus sciureus'' * Atlantic Forest oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys laticeps'' * Azara's broad-headed oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys megacephalus'' * Sowbug rice rat, ''Hylaeamys oniscus'' * Western Amazonian oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys perenensis'' * Yungas rice rat, ''Hylaeamys yunganus'' *''

Juliomys anoblepas ''Juliomys anoblepas'' is a rodent in the genus ''Juliomys'' of the subfamily Sigmodontinae known from a single broken skull. The specimen was collected by Peter Wilhelm Lund in the caves of Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the first half o ...

'' (extinct) *''

Juliomys ossitenuis ''Juliomys ossitenuis'' is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae native to South America. Taxonomy This rodent is in the Kingdom Animalia. They are found in the Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, and Order Rodentia. Its specific epithe ...

'' * Lesser Wilfred's mouse, ''Juliomys pictipes'' * Cleft-headed juliomys, ''Juliomys rimofrons'' * Aracuaria Forest tree mouse, ''

Juliomys ximenezi ''Juliomys'' is a genus of South American rodents of the family Cricetidae. Five species are known, all found in Argentina and Brazil. They are as follows: *''Juliomys anoblepas'' (extinct) *''Juliomys ossitenuis'' *''Juliomys pictipes'' (Les ...

'' *''

Juscelinomys candango The candango mouse or candango akodont (''Juscelinomys candango'') is an extinct rodent species from South America. It was found around Brasilia in 1960, but its habitat has been overtaken by urban sprawl Urban sprawl (also known as suburban s ...

'' (extinct) *'' Juscelinomys talpinus'' *

Molelike mouse The molelike mouse, ''Juscelinomys vulpinus'', is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South Americ ...

, ''Juscelinomys vulpinus'' * Woolly giant rat, ''Kunsia tomentosus'' *

Lund's amphibious rat ''Lundomys molitor'', also known as Lund's amphibious ratMusser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1124 or the greater marsh rat, is a semiaquatic rat species from southeastern South America. Its distribution is now restricted to Uruguay and nearby Rio ...

, ''Lundomys molitor'' * Transitional colilargo, ''Microakodontomys transitorius'' * Dubost's bristly mouse, ''Neacomys dubosti'' * Guiana bristly mouse, ''Neacomys guianae'' * Jurua bristly mouse, ''Neacomys minutus'' * Musser’s neacomys, ''Neacomys musseri'' * Paracou neacomys, ''Neacomys paracou'' * Common neacomys, ''Neacomys spinosus'' *

Narrow-footed bristly mouse ''Neacomys tenuipes'', also known as the narrow-footed neacomysMusser and Carleton, 2005 or narrow-footed bristly mouse, is found along the northern Andes from northwestern Venezuela through Colombia into Ecuador, in rainforest at elevations fr ...

, ''Neacomys tenuipes'' *

Hairy-tailed bolo mouse The hairy-tailed bolo mouse or hairy-tailed akodont (''Necromys lasiurus'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. Description The hairy-tailed bolo mouse grows to a ...

, ''Necromys lasiurus'' * Small-footed bristly mouse, ''Nectomys rattus'' * Scaly-footed water rat, ''Nectomys squamipes'' * Guianan arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys auyantepui'' *

Bicolored arboreal rice rat ''Oecomys bicolor'', also known as the white-bellied oecomysMusser and Carleton, 2005 or bicolored arboreal rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus '' Oecomys'' of family Cricetidae. It has a wide distribution in the Amazon biome, occurrin ...

, ''Oecomys bicolor'' * Cleber's arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys cleberi'' * Unicolored arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys concolor'' *

Mamore arboreal rice rat The mamore arboreal rice rat, (''Oecomys mamorae''), also known as the Mamore oecomysMusser and Carleton, 2005 is an arboreal species of rodent in the genus ''Oecomys'' of family Cricetidae. Its distribution extends over much of Bolivia and into ...

, ''Oecomys mamorae'' * Brazilian arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys paricola'' *

King arboreal rice rat ''Oecomys rex'', also known as the regal oecomysMusser and Carleton, 2005 or king arboreal rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oecomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is found in Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and nearby parts of Venez ...

, ''Oecomys rex'' * Robert's arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys roberti'' *

Trinidad arboreal rice rat ''Oecomys trinitatis'', also known as the long-furred oecomys, long-furred rice rat, Trinidad arboreal rice rat, or big arboreal rice rat,Duff, A. and Lawson, A. 2004. Mammals of the World: A checklist. New Haven: A & C Black. is a species of r ...

, ''Oecomys trinitatis'' * Chacoan pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys chacoensis'' * Yellow pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys flavescens'' *

Fulvous pygmy rice rat ''Oligoryzomys fulvescens'', also known as the fulvous colilargo,Musser and Carleton, 2005 fulvous pygmy rice rat, or northern pygmy rice rat,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oligoryzomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is fo ...

, ''Oligoryzomys fulvescens'' *

Small-eared pygmy rice rat ''Oligoryzomys microtis'', also known as the small-eared colilargo or small-eared pygmy rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oligoryzomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is found in western Brazil, eastern Peru, Bolivia, and northern Paragu ...

, ''Oligoryzomys microtis'' *''

Oligoryzomys moojeni ''Oligoryzomys moojeni'' is a species of rodent from South America in the genus ''Oligoryzomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is known only from central Brazil, where it is found in the cerrado and gallery forests. It is named after twentieth-cent ...

'' * Black-footed pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys nigripes'' *''

Oligoryzomys rupestris ''Oligoryzomys rupestris'' is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oligoryzomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is known only from eastern Brazil, where it has been found in several localities in the campos rupestres montane savanna ecoregion An ec ...

'' * Straw-colored pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys stramineus'' * Amazonian hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus amazonicus'' * Angular hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus angularis'' * Caparaó hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus caparaoe'' * Hispid hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus hispidus'' *

Long-nosed hocicudo The long-nosed hocicudo (''Oxymycterus nasutus'') is a South American rodent species found in southeastern Brazil and Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in ...

, ''Oxymycterus nasutus'' * Robert's hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus roberti'' *

Red hocicudo The red hocicudo (''Oxymycterus rufus'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. Ecology The red hocicudo has been found to be one of the most heavily ectoparasite-infested rodents in a village studi ...

, ''Oxymycterus rufus'' * Rio de Janeiro arboreal rat, ''Phaenomys ferrugineus'' * Brazilian false rice rat, ''Pseudoryzomys simplex'' *

Brazilian arboreal mouse The Brazilian arboreal mouse (''Rhagomys rufescens'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is found in the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil, often close to bamboo thickets. It can be distinguished from '' Rhagomys lo ...

, ''Rhagomys rufescens'' * Gardner's climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys gardneri'' *

White-footed climbing mouse The white-footed climbing mouse (''Rhipidomys leucodactylus'') is a species of South American rodent found in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela. It is the type species of the genus and the type ...

, ''Rhipidomys leucodactylus'' *MacConnell's climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys macconnelli'' *Atlantic Forest climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys mastacalis'' *Splendid climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys nitela'' *Waterhouse's swamp rat, ''Scapteromys tumidus'' *Ucayali spiny mouse, ''Scolomys ucayalensis'' *Alston's cotton rat, ''Sigmodon alstoni'' *Paraguayan rice rat, ''Sooretamys angouya'' *Cerrado mouse, ''Thalpomys cerradensis'' *Hairy-eared cerrado mouse, ''Thalpomys lasiotis'' *Blackish grass mouse, ''Thaptomys nigrita'' *Cerrado red-nosed mouse, ''Wiedomys cerradensis'' *Red-nosed mouse, ''Wiedomys pyrrhorhinos'' *Greater Wilfred's mouse, ''Wilfredomys oenax'' *Short-tailed cane rat, ''Zygodontomys brevicauda''

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

*Bristle-spined porcupine, ''Chaetomys subspinosus'' *Bahia porcupine, ''Coendou insidiosus'' *Black-tailed hairy dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou melanurus'' *Black dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou nycthemera'' *Brazilian porcupine, ''Coendou prehensilis'' *Roosmalen's dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou roosmalenorum'' *Paraguaian hairy dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou spinosus''

Dinomyidae

*Pacarana, ''Dinomys branickii''

Caviidae - guinea pigs and Cavy, cavies

*Brazilian guinea pig, ''Cavia aperea'' *Shiny guinea pig, ''Cavia fulgida'' *Santa Catarina's guinea pig, ''Cavia intermedia'' *Greater guinea pig, ''Cavia magna'' *Guinea pig, ''Cavia porcellus'' *Yellow-toothed cavy, ''Galea flavidens'' *Spix's yellow-toothed cavy, ''Galea spixii'' *Acrobatic cavy, ''Kerodon acrobata'' *Rock cavy, ''Kerodon rupestris''

Hydrochaeridae

*Capybara, ''Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris''

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

*Azara's agouti, ''Dasyprocta azarae'' *Black agouti, ''Dasyprocta fuliginosa'' *Red-rumped agouti, ''Dasyprocta leporina'' *Black-rumped agouti, ''Dasyprocta prymnolopha'' *Central American agouti, ''Dasyprocta punctata'' *Red acouchi, ''Myoprocta acouchy'' *Green acouchi, ''Myoprocta pratti''

Cuniculidae

*Lowland paca, ''Cuniculus paca''

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

*Brazilian tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys brasiliensis'' *Flamarion's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys flammarioni'' *Tiny tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys minutus'' *Natterer's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys nattereri'' *Rondon's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys rondoni'' *Collared tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys torquatus''

Echimyidae - Echimyidae, spiny rats and allies

*Painted tree-rat, ''Callistomys pictus'' *Owl's spiny rat, ''Carterodon sulcidens'' *Bishop's fossorial spiny rat, ''Clyomys bishopi'' *Broad-headed spiny rat, ''Clyomys laticeps'' *Bolivian bamboo rat, ''Dactylomys boliviensis'' *Amazon bamboo rat, ''Dactylomys dactylinus'' *White-faced spiny tree-rat, ''Echimys chrysurus'' *Giant tree-rat, ''Toromys grandis'' *Brandt's guiara, ''Euryzygomatomys guiara'' *Fischer's guiara, ''Euryzygomatomys spinosus'' *Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix bistriata'' *Rio Negro brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix negrensis'' *Plain brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix pagurus'' *Atlantic bamboo rat, ''Kannabateomys amblyonyx'' *Tuft-tailed spiny tree-rat, ''Lonchothrix emiliae'' *Long-tailed armored tree-rat, ''Makalata macrura'' *Ferreira's spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys hispidus'' *Tufted-tailed spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys occultus'' *Pará spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys stimulax'' *Golden Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys blainvilii'' *Orange-brown Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys brasiliensis'' *Drab Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys dasythrix'' *Kerr's Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys kerri'' *Pallid Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys lamarum'' *Lund's Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys lundi'' *Mantiqueira Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys mantiqueirensis'' *Long-furred Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys medius'' *Black-spined Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys nigrispinus'' *Rusty-sided Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys pattoni'' *Giant Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys thomasi'' *Short-furred Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys unicolor'' *Napo spiny rat, ''Proechimys quadruplicatus'' *Short-tailed spiny rat, ''Proechimys brevicauda'' *Guyenne spiny rat, ''Proechimys guyannensis'' *Cuvier's spiny rat, ''Proechimys cuvieri'' *Stiff-spine spiny rat, ''Proechimys echinothrix'' *Gardner's spiny rat, ''Proechimys gardneri'' *Goeldi's spiny rat, ''Proechimys goeldii'' *Guyanan spiny rat, ''Proechimys hoplomyoides'' *Kulina spiny rat, ''Proechimys kulinae'' *Long-tailed spiny rat, ''Proechimys longicaudatus'' *Mouse-tailed Atlantic spiny rat, ''Proechimys myosuros'' *Roberto's spiny rat, ''Proechimys roberti'' *Patton's spiny rat, ''Proechimys pattoni'' *Napo spiny rat, ''Proechimys quadruplicatus'' *Simon's spiny rat, ''Proechimys simonsi'' *Steere's spiny rat, ''Proechimys steerei'' *Common punaré, ''Thrichomys apereoides'' *White-spined Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys albispinus'' *Soft-spined Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys dimidiatus'' *Elias's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys eliasi'' *Gracile Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys gratiosus'' *Ihering's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys iheringi'' *Dark-caped Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys mirapitanga'' *Moojen's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys moojeni'' *Spiked Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys paratus'' *Hairy Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys setosus'' *Yonenaga's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys yonenagae''

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

*Common tapetí, ''Sylvilagus brasiliensis'' *Coastal tapetí, ''Sylvilagus tapetillus'' *European hare, ''Lepus europaeus'' (introduced species)

References

* Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. ''Conservation Biology'' 19 (3), pp. 672–679. * Moratelli, R., Dias, D. 2015. A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus ''Lonchophylla'', from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ''ZooKeys'' 514, pp. 73–91. * Nogueira, M.R. et al. 2014. Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. ''Check List'' 10 (4), pp. 808–821. * Rocha, P.A. et al. 2015. First record of Salvin's big-eyed bat ''Chiroderma salvini'' Dobson, 1878 for Brazil. ''Mammalia'' (in press).
natureserve.org
{{South America topic, List of mammals of Lists of mammals of Brazil,

Infraclass: Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order: Didelphimorphia

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Pilosa

Order: Cingulata

Order: Chiroptera

Order: Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...

Order: Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ... - dogs, foxes, wolves

Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ... - cats

Mustelidae - otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes wea ...s, weasels and allies

Mephitidae - skunk Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginge ...s

Otariidae - eared seals

Phocidae - earless seals

Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...

Delphinidae - dolphins

Physeteridae

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ... - South American river dolphins

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

Ziphiidae - beaked whale Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...s

Sirenia

Trichechidae - manatees

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ... - tapirs

Artiodactyla

Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ... - pigs

Tayassuidae - peccaries

Cervidae - deer

Rodentia

Sciuridae - squirrel Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...s

Myocastoridae

Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ... - Old World rats and allies

Cricetidae - New World rat The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging in from the tiny ''Baiomys'' to the large ''Kunsia''. They represent one of the few exampl ...s and allies

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

Dinomyidae

Caviidae - guinea pigs and Cavy, cavies

Hydrochaeridae

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

Cuniculidae

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

Echimyidae - Echimyidae, spiny rats and allies

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

See also

References

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order:
Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...

Order:
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
- dogs, foxes, wolves

Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
- cats

Mustelidae -
otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes wea ...
s, weasels and allies

Mephitidae -
skunk Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginge ...
s

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ...
- South American river dolphins

Ziphiidae -
beaked whale Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...
s

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...
- tapirs

Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...
- pigs

Sciuridae -
squirrel Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
s

Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ...
- Old World rats and allies

Cricetidae -
New World rat The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging in from the tiny ''Baiomys'' to the large ''Kunsia''. They represent one of the few exampl ...
s and allies