Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with the pioneering examples of a successful liquid-fueled rocket and a turbojet-powered aircraft in aviation history, with both Heinkel designs' first flights occurring shortly before the outbreak of World War II in Europe.

History

Following the successful career of Ernst Heinkel as the chief designer for the Hansa-Brandenburg aviation firm in World War I, Heinkel's own firm was established at Warnemünde in 1922, after the restrictions on German aviation imposed by the Treaty of Versailles were relaxed. By 1929, the firm's compressed air-powered catapults were in use on the German Norddeutscher Lloyd ocean-liners and to launch short-range mail planes from the liners' decks. The company's first post-World War I aircraft design success was the design of the all-metal, single-engined Heinkel He 70 ''Blitz'' high-speed mail plane and airliner for Deutsche Luft Hansa in 1932, which broke a number of air speed records for its class. It was followed by the two-engine

Heinkel He 111 The Heinkel He 111 is a German airliner and bomber designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1934. Through development, it was described as a "wolf in sheep's clothing". Due to restrictions placed on Germany after th ...

''Doppel-Blitz'', which became a mainstay of the Luftwaffe during World War II as a bomber. Heinkel's most important designers at this point were the twin

Günter brothers Gunter or Günter may refer to: * Gunter rig, a type of rig used in sailing, especially in small boats * Gunter Annex, Alabama, a United States Air Force installation * Gunter, Texas, city in the United States People Surname * Chris Gunter ( ...

, Siegfried and Walter, and Heinrich Hertel. The firm's headquarters was in Rostock later known as ''Heinkel-Nord'' (Heinkel-North), located in what used to be named the ''Rostock''- ''Marienehe'' neighborhood (today's ''Rostock''- ''Schmarl'' community, along the west bank of the Unterwarnow estuary), where the firm additionally possessed a factory airfield along the coastline in the Rostock/Schmarl neighborhood roughly three kilometers (1.9 miles) north-northwest of the main offices, with a second ''Heinkel-Süd'' engineering and manufacturing facility in Schwechat, Austria, after the Anschluss in 1938.

World War II

Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-774-0011-34, Produktion von Flugzeug Heinkel He 111 P-4

The Heinkel company is most closely associated with aircraft used by the Luftwaffe during World War II. This began with the adaptation of the He 70 and, in particular, the He 111, to be used as bombers. Heinkel also provided the Luftwaffe's only operational heavy bomber, the Heinkel He 177, although this was never deployed in significant numbers. The German Luftwaffe equipped both of these bombers with the ''Z-Gerät'', ''Y-Gerät'', and ''Knickebein'', developed by

Johannes Plendl Johannes "Hans" Plendl (6 December 1900 – 10 May 1991), German radar pioneer, was the scientist whose airplane navigation inventions made possible the early German bombing successes in World War II. Early life Plendl was born in 1900 in Munich, ...

, and thus they were among the first aircraft to feature advanced night navigation devices, common in all commercial airplanes today. Heinkel was less successful in selling fighter designs. Before the war, the

Heinkel He 112 The Heinkel He 112 is a German fighter aircraft designed by Walter and Siegfried Günter. It was one of four aircraft designed to compete for the 1933 fighter contract of the ''Luftwaffe'', in which it came second behind the Messerschmitt Bf 10 ...

had been rejected in favour of the

Messerschmitt Bf 109 The Messerschmitt Bf 109 is a German World War II fighter aircraft that was, along with the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, the backbone of the Luftwaffe's fighter force. The Bf 109 first saw operational service in 1937 during the Spanish Civil War an ...

, and Heinkel's attempt to top Messerschmitt's design with the

Heinkel He 100 The Heinkel He 100 was a German pre-World War II fighter aircraft design from Heinkel. Although it proved to be one of the fastest fighter aircraft in the world at the time of its development, the design was not ordered into series production. ...

failed due to political interference within the

Reichsluftfahrtministerium The Ministry of Aviation (german: Reichsluftfahrtministerium, abbreviated RLM) was a government department during the period of Nazi Germany (1933–45). It is also the original name of the Detlev-Rohwedder-Haus building on the Wilhelmstrasse ...

(RLM — Reich Aviation Ministry). The company also provided the Luftwaffe with an outstanding night fighter, the Heinkel He 219, which also suffered from politics and was produced only in limited numbers, but was the first Luftwaffe front-line aircraft to use retractable tricycle gear for its

undercarriage Undercarriage is the part of a moving vehicle that is underneath the main body of the vehicle. The term originally applied to this part of a horse-drawn carriage, and usage has since broadened to include: *The landing gear of an aircraft. *The ch ...

design, and the world's first front-line military aircraft to use ejection seats. By contrast, the only heavy bomber to enter service with the ''Luftwaffe'' during the war years – the Heinkel He 177 ''Greif'' – turned out to be one of the most troublesome German wartime aircraft designs, plagued with numerous engine fires from both its inadequate engine accommodation design and its general airframe design being mis-tasked, for a 30-meter (100 ft) class wingspan design, to be built to be able to perform moderate-angle dive bombing attacks from the moment of its approval by the RLM in early November 1937, which would not be rescinded until September 1942. From 1941 until the end of the war, the company was merged with engine manufacturer

Hirth Hirth Engines GmbH is an engine manufacturer based in Benningen, Germany. It is currently a part of the UMS Aero Group. Hirth began manufacturing aero engines in the 1920s, was taken over by Heinkel in WWII to develop the Heinkel-Hirth jet en ...

to form Heinkel-Hirth, giving the company the capability of manufacturing its own powerplants, including its ''Heinkel Strahltriebwerke'' turbojet engine manufacturing firm. The Heinkel name was also behind pioneering work in

jet engine A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition can include rocket, Pump-jet, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term ...

and rocket development, and also the German aviation firm that attempted to popularize the use of retractable tricycle landing gear, a relative rarity in early WW II German airframe design. In 1939, flown by Erich Warsitz, the

Heinkel He 176 The Heinkel He 176 was a German rocket-powered aircraft. It was the world's first aircraft to be propelled solely by a liquid-fueled rocket, making its first powered flight on 20 June 1939 with Erich Warsitz at the controls. It was a private ...

and Heinkel He 178 became the first aircraft designs to fly under liquid-fuel rocket and turbojet power respectively. Ruinen Heinkelwerk

Heinkel was the first to develop a jet fighter to prototype stage, the Heinkel He 280, the first Heinkel design to use and fly with retractable tricycle gear. In early 1942, the photographic interpretation unit at RAF Medmenham first saw evidence of the existence of the 280 in aerial reconnaissance photographs taken after a bombing raid on the Rostock factory. Thereafter, the Allies began intensive aerial reconnaissance intended to learn more about the German jet aircraft programme. The

He 219 The Heinkel He 219 ''Uhu'' (" Eagle-Owl") is a night fighter that served with the German Luftwaffe in the later stages of World War II. A relatively sophisticated design, the He 219 possessed a variety of innovations, including Lichtenstein S ...

night fighter design was the first German frontline combat aircraft to have retracting tricycle gear, and the first operational military aircraft anywhere to use ejection seats. Heinkel's He 280, the firm's only twin-jet aircraft design to fly never reached production, however, since the RLM wanted Heinkel to concentrate on bomber production and instead promoted the development of the rival Messerschmitt Me 262. Very late in the war, a Heinkel single-jet powered fighter finally took to the air as the Heinkel He 162A ''Spatz'' (sparrow) as the first military jet to use retractable tricycle landing gear, use a turbojet engine from its maiden flight forward, and use an ejection seat from the start, but it had barely entered service at the time of Germany's surrender.

Slave labour during World War II

Heinkel was a major user of Sachsenhausen concentration camp labour, using between 6,000 and 8,000 prisoners on the He 177 bomber.

Post-war

Following the war, Heinkel was prohibited from manufacturing aircraft and instead built

bicycle A bicycle, also called a pedal cycle, bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered assisted, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist. Bic ...

motor scooter A scooter (motor scooter) is a motorcycle with an underbone or step-through frame, a seat, and a platform for the rider's feet, emphasizing comfort and fuel economy. Elements of scooter design were present in some of the earliest motorcycles ...

s (see below), and the Heinkel microcar. The company eventually returned to aircraft in the mid-1950s, licence building

F-104 Starfighter The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic air superiority fighter which was extensively deployed as a fighter-bomber during the Cold War. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the "Century Series" of fi ...

s for the West German Luftwaffe. In 1965, the company was absorbed by Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke (VFW), which was in turn absorbed by

Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) was a West German aerospace manufacturer. It was formed during the late 1960s as the result of efforts to consolidate the West German aerospace industry; aircraft manufacturer Messerschmitt AG merged with the civi ...

in 1980 and later became part of Airbus. The company designed a

VSTOL A vertical and/or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) aircraft is an airplane able to take-off or land vertically or on short runways. Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft are a subset of V/STOL craft that do not require runways at al ...

aircraft called the Heinkel He 231 (VJ 101A), intended to protect West Germany's airfields against Soviet attack.

Products

Aircraft

;HD - ''Heinkel Doppeldecker'' *

Heinkel HD 14 The Heinkel HD 14 was a single-engine biplane torpedo aircraft developed by the German aviation company Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in the 1920s, and produced in a single prototype, under license, from Swedish by Svenska Aero in Stockholm. Deve ...

Heinkel HD 15 The Heinkel HD 15 was a single-engine biplane seaplane, developed by the German aeronautical company Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in the late 1920s and remained at the prototype stage. Design The HD 15 was a hydroplane with a central hull, character ...

Heinkel HD 16 The Heinkel HD 16 was a single-engine biplane torpedo aircraft developed by the German aviation company Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in the nineteen-twenties and produced under license by Svenska Aero in Stockholm, Sweden. Development The Heink ...

Heinkel HD 17 The Heinkel HD 17 was a military reconnaissance aircraft produced in Germany in the late 1920s. Design The Heinkel HD 17 was a conventional single-bay biplane with strongly staggered wings of unequal span braced with N-type interplane struts ...

* Heinkel HD 19 *

Heinkel HD 20 The Heinkel HD 20 was a twin engine, three seat German biplane built in 1926 for civil survey work. Design and development The Heinkel HD 20 was one of the early products of post-World War I aircraft companies after the Allies aviation ban was ...

* Heinkel HD 21 *

Heinkel HD 22 The Heinkel HD 22 was a trainer designed in Germany during the 1920s. It was a conventional single-bay biplane with staggered wings braced with N-type interplane struts. The pilot and instructor sat in tandem, open cockpits, and the main units ...

Heinkel HD 23 The Heinkel HD 23 was a carrier-borne fighter biplane designed in Germany at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in the 1920s, for export to Japan. Two examples were delivered to Aichi is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshū. ...

* Heinkel HD 24 seaplane trainer (1926) *

Heinkel HD 25 The Heinkel HD 25 was a two-seat shipboard biplane reconnaissance floatplane developed in Germany during the 1920s for production in Japan. Development It was intended to provide a spotter aircraft for warships, to take off from a short ramp sin ...

Heinkel HD 26 The Heinkel HD 26 was a reconnaissance seaplane developed in Germany during the 1920s for production in Japan. It was intended as a smaller, single-seat counterpart to the HD 25, to provide a spotter aircraft for warships, to take off from a sho ...

* Heinkel HD 27 *

Heinkel HD 28 The Heinkel HD 28 was a reconnaissance seaplane developed in Germany in the 1920s for export to Japan. It was a conventional single-bay biplane with equal-span, unstaggered wings and three cockpits in tandem. The fuselage was braced to both t ...

* Heinkel HD 29 * Heinkel HD 30 * Heinkel HD 32 *

Heinkel HD 33 The Heinkel HD 33 was a scout bomber developed by Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke. Development The HD 33 was a two-seat biplane powered by an Armstrong Siddeley Puma inline engine. It first flew in 1928 but initial flight tests showed disappointi ...

Heinkel HD 34 The Heinkel HD 34 was a reconnaissance bomber built in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most popu ...

Heinkel HD 35 The Heinkel HD 35 was a trainer developed in Germany in the 1920s. It was a conventional single-bay biplane with staggered wings of equal span. The design was based on that of the HD 21, and like that aircraft, it had three open cockpits in ta ...

Heinkel HD 36 The Heinkel HD 36 was a Trainer (aircraft), trainer developed in Germany in the 1920s at the request of the Swedish Air Force, which was in search of a new trainer aircraft. The newly formed air force had previously evaluated the Heinkel HD 35, H ...

Heinkel HD 37 The Heinkel HD 37 was a fighter aircraft, designed in Germany in the late 1920s, but produced in the USSR for Soviet Air Force service. It was a compact, single-bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span, braced by N-type interplane stru ...

fighter (biplane) *

Heinkel HD 38 The Heinkel HD 38 was a fighter aircraft developed in Germany in the late 1920s. It was a compact, single-bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span, braced with N-type interplane struts, a refined version of the HD 37 that had been eval ...

fighter (biplane) * Heinkel HD 39 * Heinkel HD 40 *

Heinkel HD 41 The Heinkel HD 41 was a reconnaissance developed in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populou ...

* Heinkel HD 42 seaplane trainer *

Heinkel HD 43 The Heinkel Doppeldecker 43 was a prototype German fighter aircraft of the 1930s. A single-engined, single-seat biplane, the HD 43 was designed to meet a secret German ''Reichswehr'' requirement for a single-seat fighter. It had two-bay wooden wi ...

fighter (biplane) * Heinkel HD 44 *

Heinkel HD 45 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

Heinkel HD 46 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

* Heinkel HD 49 * Heinkel HD 50 * Heinkel HD 55 reconnaissance flying boat *

Heinkel HD 56 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

Heinkel HD 59 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

* Heinkel HD 60 * Heinkel HD 61 *

Heinkel HD 62 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

* Heinkel HD 63 *

Heinkel HD 66 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

;HE - ''Heinkel Eindecker'' *

Heinkel HE 1 The Heinkel HE 1 (aka Caspar S 1) was a two-seat, low-wing monoplane floatplane, designed in 1921 by German designer Ernst Heinkel at Caspar-Werke. The HE 1 was produced under licence in Sweden for the '' Marinen'' (Swedish Navy) in 1921 as th ...

low-wing floatplane (monoplane) *

Heinkel HE 2 The Heinkel He 2, produced in Sweden as the Svenska S 3 and nicknamed the "Hansa", was a reconnaissance floatplane built in small numbers to equip the Swedish Navy in the 1920s. It was a refinement of the HE 1, sharing its same basic configurati ...

improvement on the HE 1 * Heinkel HE 3 *

Heinkel HE 4 The Heinkel HE 1 (aka Caspar S 1) was a two-seat, low-wing monoplane floatplane, designed in 1921 by German designer Ernst Heinkel at Caspar-Werke. The HE 1 was produced under licence in Sweden for the '' Marinen'' (Swedish Navy) in 1921 as ...

reconnaissance (monoplane) *

Heinkel HE 5 The Heinkel HE 5, produced in Sweden as the Svenska S 5 and nicknamed the "Hansa", was a reconnaissance floatplane built during the 1920s. It was a further development of the HE 1, sharing its same basic configuration as a low-wing, strut-brac ...

reconnaissance (monoplane) * Heinkel HE 8 reconnaissance (monoplane) *

Heinkel HE 9 The Heinkel HE 9 was a reconnaissance seaplane developed by the German aviation company Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke AG in the late 1920s. The aircraft was equipped with 660 liters (492 kW) BMW VI . The planned crew consisted of three people. On ...

* Heinkel HE 12 *

Heinkel HE 18 The Heinkel HE 18 was a sports aircraft built in Germany in the mid 1920s. It was a two-seat conventional low-wing monoplane. A development of the HE 3, it had a narrower fuselage than the HE3, having tandem seating instead of side-by-side. Also ...

;He - ''Heinkel'' (RLM designator) *

Heinkel He 45 The Heinkel He 45 was a light bomber produced in Germany in the early 1930s, one of the first aircraft adopted by the newly formed ''Luftwaffe''. Its appearance was that of a conventional biplane and included seating for pilot and gunner in ta ...

bomber + trainer * Heinkel He 46 reconnaissance *

Heinkel He 49 The Heinkel He 49 was a German single-bay, single-seat biplane of mixed construction armed with two machine guns. Four variants were made, the He 49a, He 49b, He 49c and He 49d. Variants ''Data from: ;HD 49: original Heinkel designation for the ...

fighter (biplane) * Heinkel He 50 reconnaissance + dive bomber (biplane) * Heinkel He 51 fighter + close-support (biplane) *

Heinkel He 57 The Heinkel He 57 was a single engine amphibious flying boat built in 1929. Development The sole He 57 {factory designation HE.57) was built by the Ernst-Heinkel-Flugzeugwerken at Warnemunde in 1929. It was displayed at the Paris Aero Show i ...

''Heron'' *

Heinkel He 58 The Heinkel HE 12 was a pontoon-equipped mail plane built in Germany in 1929, designed to be launched by catapult from a liner at sea. Development The concept was hit upon after Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) had carried a Junkers F.13 seaplane ab ...

* Heinkel He 59 reconnaissance (biplane seaplane) * Heinkel He 60 ship-borne reconnaissance (biplane seaplane) * Heinkel He 62 reconnaissance seaplane *

Heinkel He 63 The Heinkel He 63 was a trainer biplane built in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a largely conventional design with single-bay wings, fixed tailskid undercarriage, and two open cockpits in tandem. An unusual feature of the design was the hig ...

trainer biplane *

Heinkel He 64 The Heinkel He 64 was a sports plane built in Germany in 1933 to participate in the touring plane championships that year, designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter. Development The He 64 was a sleek, low-wing monoplane of conventional configura ...

sports plane * Heinkel He 70 "Blitz" (Lightning), single-engine transport + mailplane, 1932 *

Heinkel He 71 __NOTOC__ The Heinkel He 71 was a German single-seat monoplane, a smaller version of the two-seat Heinkel He 64. A low-wing monoplane with a fixed conventional landing gear, the prototype first flew with an open cockpit and a Hirth HM 60 engine ...

single-seat monoplane *

Heinkel He 72 The Heinkel He 72 ''Kadett'' ("Cadet") was a German single-engine biplane trainer of the 1930s. Development The ''Kadett'' was designed in 1933 to meet an official requirement for a basic trainer. It was a single-bay biplane of fabric-covered ...

''Kadett'' (Cadet), trainer *

Heinkel He 74 The Heinkel He 74 was a light fighter aircraft developed in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a conventional, single-bay biplane with staggered, unequal-span wings braced with an I-type interplane strut. The pilot sat in an open cockpit, and th ...

fighter + advanced trainer (prototype) *

fighter *

bomber *

fighter * Heinkel He 113 (fictitious alternative designation for He 100D-1) * Heinkel He 114 reconnaissance seaplane * Heinkel He 115 general-purpose seaplane *

Heinkel He 116 The Heinkel He 116 was an extremely long-range mail plane designed to deliver airmail between Germany and Japan. Several examples were built for this role, as well as a small batch to be used in the long-range reconnaissance role. Development an ...

transport + reconnaissance * Heinkel He 118 * Heinkel He 119 single-engine high-speed bomber (prototypes), reconnaissance aircraft, 1937 * Heinkel He 120 four-engine long-range passenger flying-boat (project), 1938 * Heinkel He 162 ''Spatz'' (sparrow), ''Volksjäger'' (People's Fighter) design competition choice, fighter (jet-engined) *

Heinkel He 170 The Heinkel He 70 ''Blitz'' ("lightning") was a German mail plane and fast passenger monoplane aircraft of the 1930s designed by Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, which was later used as a bomber and for aerial reconnaissance. It had a brief commercial c ...

Heinkel He 172 The Heinkel He 72 ''Kadett'' ("Cadet") was a German single-engine biplane Trainer (aircraft), trainer of the 1930s. Development The ''Kadett'' was designed in 1933 to meet an official requirement for a basic trainer. It was a single-bay biplane ...

trainer (prototype) *

pioneering liquid-fueled rocket-powered experimental aircraft (prototype) * Heinkel He 177 ''Greif'' (Griffon), the Third Reich's only long-range heavy bomber * Heinkel He 178 world's first jet-engined aircraft * Heinkel He 219 ''Uhu'' (Eagle-Owl), night-fighter *

Heinkel He 220 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

four-engine long-range passenger flying-boat (project), 1939 *

Heinkel He 270 The Heinkel He 70 ''Blitz'' ("lightning") was a German mail plane and fast passenger monoplane aircraft of the 1930s designed by Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, which was later used as a bomber and for aerial reconnaissance. It had a brief commercial ca ...

* Heinkel He 274 high-altitude bomber, He 177 development, two prototypes completed post-war in France *

Heinkel He 275 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, w ...

four-engine bomber; project only * Heinkel He 277 heavy bomber, paper-only '' Amerika Bomber'' He 177 development (by February 1943) with four BMW 801E radial engines, never built *

Heinkel He 278 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

four-engine turboprop bomber; project only * Heinkel He 280 fighter (jet-engined) *

Heinkel He 343 The Heinkel He 343 was a quadjet bomber project designed by the German aircraft manufacturer Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke during the final years of the Second World War. It was intended to perform aerial reconnaissance and fighter-bomber operatio ...

four-engined bomber (jet-engined project), 1944 *

Heinkel He 519 The Heinkel He 119 was an experimental single-propeller monoplane with two coupled engines, developed in Germany. A private venture by Heinkel to test radical ideas by the Günter brothers, the He 119 was originally intended to act as an unarme ...

, high-speed bomber (He 119 derivative; project only), 1944 * Heinkel Type 98 Medium Bomber - He 111 for service with the IJNAS *

Heinkel A7He The Heinkel He 112 is a German fighter aircraft designed by Walter and Siegfried Günter. It was one of four aircraft designed to compete for the 1933 fighter contract of the ''Luftwaffe'', in which it came second behind the Messerschmitt Bf 10 ...

He 112 development for the IJAAS * Heinkel Navy Type He Interceptor Fighter He 100 development for the IJNAS P - ''Projekt'' * Heinkel P.1054 * Heinkel P.1062 * Heinkel P.1063 * Heinkel P.1064 * Heinkel P.1065 * Heinkel P.1066 * Heinkel P.1069 * Heinkel P.1070 * Heinkel P.1071 * Heinkel P.1072 * Heinkel P.1074 * Heinkel P.1075 *

Heinkel He P.1076 Heinkel Flugzeugwerke () was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with ...

, A nearly conventional 1944 design, with slightly forward swept wings and contra-rotating propellers at the front. *

Heinkel P.1077 The Heinkel P.1077 (or He P.1077) was a single seat interceptor design developed for the Luftwaffe by Heinkel under the Emergency Fighter Program during the last year of the Third Reich. This rocket-powered project was originally known as He P.1 ...

''Julia'' rocket-propulsion point-defense interceptor *

Heinkel P.1078 The Heinkel P.1078 (He P.1078) was a single seat interceptor developed for the Luftwaffe by Heinkel aircraft manufacturing company under the Emergency Fighter Program during the last years of the Third Reich. History As part of the Emergency Fig ...

Heinkel He P.1078A The Heinkel P.1078 (He P.1078) was a single seat interceptor developed for the Luftwaffe by Heinkel aircraft manufacturing company under the Emergency Fighter Program during the last years of the Third Reich. History As part of the Emergency Fig ...

, fighter (jet-engined) (project) *

Heinkel He P.1078B The Heinkel P.1078 (He P.1078) was a single seat interceptor developed for the Luftwaffe by Heinkel aircraft manufacturing company under the Emergency Fighter Program during the last years of the Third Reich. History As part of the Emergency Fig ...

, tailless fighter (jet-engined) (project) *

Heinkel He P.1078C The Heinkel P.1078 (He P.1078) was a single seat interceptor developed for the Luftwaffe by Heinkel aircraft manufacturing company under the Emergency Fighter Program during the last years of the Third Reich. History As part of the Emergency Figh ...

, tailless fighter (jet-engined) (project), 1944 *

Heinkel He P.1079A The Heinkel He P.1079 was a projected German V-tail all weather jet fighter designed by Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in the closing stages of World War II. The aircraft was only a design; it was not produced. Design and development In 1945, the Air Min ...

, two-engine night-fighter (jet-engined) (project) * Heinkel He P.1079B/I, all-weather heavy fighter (flying wing design) (jet-engined) * Heinkel He P.1079B/II, all-weather heavy fighter (flying wing design) (jet-engined), 1945 * Heinkel Lerche *

Heinkel Wespe The Heinkel Wespe ( en, Wasp) was a project study by the German company Heinkel for a tail-sitting, vertical take off and landing-interceptor aircraft. The aircraft did not have conventional wings, but instead featured a large rotor. Completed in ...

Microcar

Heinkel introduced the "Kabine" bubble car in 1956. It competed with the BMW Isetta and the Messerschmitt KR200. It had a unit body and a

four-stroke A four-stroke (also four-cycle) engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crankshaft. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either directio ...

single-cylinder engine.Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum: 1956 Heinkel Kabine
''www.microcarmuseum.com'', accessed 17 March 2021 Heinkel stopped manufacturing the Kabine in 1958 but production continued under licence, first by Dundalk Engineering Company in Ireland and then by Trojan Cars Ltd., which ceased production in 1966.Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum: 1963 Trojan 200

Scooters

Heinkel introduced the "Tourist"

in the 1950s which was known for its reliability. A large and relatively heavy touring machine, it provided good weather protection with a full fairing and the front wheel turning under a fixed nose extension. The "Tourist" had effective streamlining, perhaps unsurprising in view of its aircraft ancestry, and although it had only a , 9.5 bhp 4-stroke engine, it was capable of sustaining speeds of up to (official figures ), given time to get there. Heinkel also made a lighter scooter called the Heinkel 150.Heinkel 150
Faraway Montevideo Heinkel 150 site, ''www.faraway.htmlplanet.com'', accessed 17 March 2021

Mopeds

Heinkel built the Perle moped from 1954 to 1957.Biker Szene Interview with Ernst Heinkel's Son
/ref> The Perle was a sophisticated cycle with a cast alloy unit frame, rear suspension, a fully enclosed chain with part of the chain enclosure integral with the

swingarm A swingarm, or "swinging arm" (UK), originally known as a swing fork or pivoted fork, is a single or double sided mechanical device which attaches the rear wheel of a motorcycle to its body, allowing it to pivot vertically. The main component of ...

, and interchangeable wheels. This high level of sophistication came at a high cost.Wilson, H. "The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle" p. 77 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1995 CycleMaster PAGE 10. 1955 Earls Court Show: Debut of the ‘Mo-ped’ - "HEINKEL - Stand 96"
/ref> As with most mopeds, it had a two-stroke engine with a displacement of 50cc that operated on a mixture of gasoline and lubrication oil.Die Heinkel-Perle von Dieter Lammersdorf
''www.heinkel-club.de'', accessed 17 March 2021 Approximately twenty-seven thousand Perles were sold.

References

External links

Heinkel Motor ScootersHeinkel Scale ModelsThe official Erich Warsitz Website (world's first jet pilot), inclusive rare videos and audio commentaries
* {{Authority control Defunct aircraft manufacturers of Germany Scooter manufacturers Companies involved in the Holocaust