Eday
Eday is one of the islands of Orkney, which are located to the north of the Scottish mainland. One of the North Isles, Eday
Eday is about 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the Orkney
Orkney Mainland. With an area of 27 square kilometres (10 sq mi), it is the ninth largest island of the archipelago. The bedrock of the island is Old Red Sandstone, which is exposed along the sea-cliffs. There are various well-preserved Neolithic
Neolithic tombs, as well as evidence of Bronze Age
Bronze Age settlement and the remains of a Norse-era castle. During the period of Scottish rule the substantial property of Carrick House was developed at Calfsound, which became a burgh for a short period. During the British era many agricultural improvements were introduced, although there has been a substantial decline in the population since the mid-nineteenth century. In the twenty-first century the Eday Partnership has had success in promoting the island's economy. Local placenames reflect the diverse linguistic heritage and the landscapes of the island and its surrounding seas attract abundant wildlife.

Contents

1 Geography and geology 2 History

2.1 Prehistory 2.2 Norse colonisation 2.3 Scottish rule 2.4 British era

3 Etymology 4 Transport and economy 5 Natural history 6 Prominent natives 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

Geography and geology[edit]

Looking from Vinquoy Hill towards Westray

Eday
Eday is 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) long from north to south but only just over 500 metres wide at the narrow neck of land between the Sands of Doomy and Bay of London[3] and has been described as being "nipped at the waist".[8] The centre of the island is largely moorland covered with heather, and cultivation is confined to the coasts.[9] The highest points are Flaughton Hill at the island's centre, Fersness Hill at West Side, Vinquoy Hill to the north and Ward Hill to the south, which reaches 101 metres (331 ft).[3] In Orkney
Orkney this last name, which derives from the Norse varði, is a common one for the highest point on an island as in the past they were used for lighting warning beacons.[10] The largest body of water is the 10-hectare (25-acre) sea, south east of Vinquoy Hill.[11] Loch of Doomy lies on the western side of the narrow "waist" and the smaller Loch Carrick on the north coast.[3] The population is dispersed along the coastal farmsteads and nowhere on the island has the status of a village. Calfsound is the most populous of the settled areas, with other concentrations at Millbounds on the east coast, which has a post office and a community facility in a converted chapel, and Backaland
Backaland in the south where the ferry from the Mainland docks.[3]

Exposure of Old Red Sandstone: Red Head at the north end of Eday. The lower and steeper part of the cliff is formed of Middle Eday Sandstone, whereas the upper less steep part is formed of Eday
Eday Marl

Geological map of Eday
Eday and neighbouring islands

Eday
Eday is surrounded by other small islands that make up the "seemingly impossible green and russet jigsaw of Orkney's North Isles".[8] Calf of Eday
Eday lies 350 metres (0.2 mi) to the north of the settlement of Calfsound. Further east is Sanday across the Eday
Eday Sound. Stronsay and Linga Holm
Linga Holm are to the south east and Muckle Green Holm
Muckle Green Holm to the south west beyond the straits known as the Fall of Warness. Egilsay lies some 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) due west. Rusk Holm, Faray
Faray and Holm of Faray
Faray lie beyond the Sound of Faray
Faray to the north west and beyond them is the larger island of Westray.[3] In common with its neighbouring isles, Eday
Eday is largely formed from Middle Devonian
Devonian Old Red Sandstone
Old Red Sandstone deposited in the Orcadian Basin. The Eday Group
Eday Group is the name for a substantial sequence of sandstones that is found at many locations in Orkney, for which Eday
Eday and the area around Eday
Eday Sound are the type area.[12] In places it is up to 800 metres (2,600 ft) thick, and is largely composed of yellow and red sandstones with intervening grey flagstones and marls.[13] The rock is easily quarried and some of the yellow sandstones from Fersness were used in the construction of St Magnus Cathedral
St Magnus Cathedral in Kirkwall.[1][14] The Devonian
Devonian sequence is deformed into a major fold, the north-south trending Eday
Eday Syncline, with the youngest part of the sequence, the Upper Eday
Eday Sandstone outcropping in the north of the island from Bay of Cusby to Red Head. The oldest part of the sequence, the Rousay
Rousay Flagstones are found on the eastern side of the island at Bight of Milldale and from Kirk Taing to War Ness, and to the west from Sealskerry Bay to Fersness. Veness is formed of Upper Eday Sandstone downfaulted against the flagstones.[15] History[edit]

Entrance to Vinquoy chambered cairn

Prehistory[edit] The very limited archaeological record provides scant evidence of Mesolithic
Mesolithic life in Orkney, but the later assemblage of houses and monumental Neolithic
Neolithic structures in the archipelago is without parallel in the United Kingdom.[16] The chambered cairn of Vinquoy, located in a commanding position overlooking the Calf Sound, is 17 metres (56 ft) in diameter and 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) high. The narrow entrance passage of this Maeshowe-type tomb leads to a central chamber with four side-cells.[17] Other sites of interest on Eday
Eday include the Stone of Setter standing stone that dominates the col north of Mill Loch, and which at 4.5 metres (15 ft) high is one of the tallest monoliths in Orkney.[18] There are two more chambered cairns at Braeside and Huntersquoy[3] and another on the Calf of Eday. Rectangular in shape, it was excavated in 1936–37 and contains a small chamber with two compartments and a larger one with four stalls that has a separate entrance and was probably added at a later date.[19]

The lichen-covered Stone of Setter, which is said to resemble a giant hand.[20]

Although there are several Bronze Age
Bronze Age sites on the island, they provide less dramatic remains. At Warness in the south west there is a burnt mound from this period and there are the ruins of two houses of a similar age on Holm of Faray
Faray near the Point of Dogs Bones.[21] The Fold of Setter is an 85-metre-diameter (279 ft) Bronze Age enclosure located to the north of Mill Loch.[22] There is the site of a large Iron Age
Iron Age roundhouse containing a saddle quern at Linkataing in north west Eday.[23] Latterly, Orkney
Orkney was settled by the Picts although the archaeological evidence is sparse.[24] Norse colonisation[edit] It is not known "when and how the Vikings conquered and occupied the Isles",[25] and although Norse contacts with Scotland
Scotland certainly predate the first written records in the 8th century, their nature and frequency are unknown.[26] The place name evidence of a Norse presence on Eday
Eday is conclusive and very little is known about the specifics of life on the island at this time. The Norse-era ruins of the Castle of Stackel Brae, which dates from the 12th or 13th centuries, lie under a green mound to the east of the Bay of Greentoft.[27] The castle may have been the most important building on Eday
Eday at this time.[28] Scottish rule[edit] In 1468 Orkney
Orkney became part of the Kingdom of Scotland[29] and an influx of Scottish entrepreneurs helped to create a diverse and independent community that included farmers, fishermen and merchants that called themselves comunitatis Orcadie and who proved themselves increasingly able to defend their rights against their feudal overlords.[30][31] Nonetheless, the actions of the aristocracy continue to provide much of the information known about affairs on Eday
Eday at the time. In 1561, during the Reformation, Edward Sinclair was granted the feu of Eday
Eday by Adam Bothwell, Bishop of Orkney. These were turbulent times—Sinclair's duties included to defend the reforming Bishop "against whatsoever invaders"[32]—and later that year he was one of the ringleaders of an anti-Catholic riot in Kirkwall.[32][Note 1]

Carrick House, Calfsound, with Carrick Loch beyond and Sanday in the distance

His son William took over the running of the Eday
Eday estate in due course, but it became burdened with debt. In 1601 when Edward was "an auld decrepit man ... aged 100 or thereby" William attempted to sell the family interest to George Sinclair the Earl of Caithness.[34][Note 2] The new proprietor sent half a dozen boatloads of "vagabondis, broken Highland men of Caithness" to Eday, much to the alarm of the notorious Earl Patrick of Orkney. Earl Patrick was able to use the poor relationship between the elderly father Edward and his son, (the former claiming William fired muskets at him and grabbed him by the neck like a dog) to take action. Acting, so he alleged, on behalf of Edward, Earl Patrick evicted William, took the Eday
Eday the rents for himself and profited from the extraction of building stone from Towback quarry.[34] John Stewart, Earl of Carrick, the brother of Earl Patrick, was granted Eday
Eday in 1632[35][Note 3] and he constructed Carrick House at Calfsound shortly thereafter.[38] He used peat to manufacture salt from salt pans at both Carrick and on the Calf of Eday. The product was described as "quite fine" in the 17th century when it was undertaken on a substantial scale[38] although of "indifferent quality"[39] in the early 19th century when it was being conducted as a cottage industry.[40] Peat
Peat extraction was also an important industry in the past as Sanday and North Ronaldsay
North Ronaldsay obtained most of their fuel from Eday
Eday and this material was also exported to whisky distilleries on mainland Scotland.[9] Stewart's ambitions for Calfsound were considerable. Described as the "town and port" of Carrick it became a burgh (the only other one in Orkney
Orkney being Kirkwall) with the right to appoint baillies and hold markets but it was never likely to flourish in such a location.[37] British era[edit]

Abandoned stone-breaking equipment at Southside

From the first decade of the 18th century Orkney
Orkney became part of the new Kingdom of Great Britain. This was a time of great interest in agricultural improvement although the changes this brought about were not of significance in Orkney
Orkney until the mid-nineteenth century.[41] For example, no potatoes were grown on Eday
Eday until around 1780.[42] By comparison to these gradual changes, Carrick House saw drama in 1725. The property was now owned by James Fea who had been a school friend of a "Mr Smith", a trader of Stromness. When Smith was unmasked as the notorious pirate John Gow
John Gow he sought to escape the attentions of the authorities by making for Eday
Eday via a raid on Hall of Clestrain, in Orphir. When Gow's ship Revenge ran aground on the Calf of Eday, Fea's men took him prisoner and held him at Carrick House, for which Fea was given a £1,700 reward. The bell from the Revenge is still in Carrick House.[35][43][44][45] In the early nineteenth century the kelp industry provided significant employment on some of the Orkney
Orkney islands, but when the market collapsed between 1830 and 1832 it caused considerable hardship. North Ronaldsay was especially hard-hit and several families were allowed to resettle from there to develop land at Westside on Eday.[46] Rising populations meant increasing land values, especially for small tenancies. In 1843 crofts were valued at £1/acre on Eday, nearly three times the price for larger farms.[47] However, the 20th century saw decline. Immigration from mainland Scotland
Scotland was essentially unknown even in the late 1950s[48] and the population in 2001 was about an eighth of the total 160 years earlier.[1]

Historical population of Eday

Year 1841 1881 1891 1931 1961 1981 1991 2001 2011

Population 944 730 647 430 198 147 166 121[1] 160[5]

Etymology[edit]

Johan Blaeu's 1654 map of Orkney
Orkney and Shetland. Note that the "Calf of Heth Øy" has been transposed from its true position north east of Eday
Eday to the west.

"Eday" is a name derived from the Old Norse
Old Norse eið and means "isthmus island".[1][49] This is a name specifically associated with economic activity used only where the isthmus has been a "route for the movement of goods and/or boats from one coast to another".[50] There are numerous other eið names in the islands of the North Atlantic and those in Orkney
Orkney include Hoxa (Haugeið) on South Ronaldsay, Aith (found on Walls, Stronsay
Stronsay and the west Mainland) and Scapa in St Ola
St Ola which is derived from the Norse Skálpeið.[51] Bay of Doomy, near the central isthmus on Eday, may also have a name derived from dómr-eið, meaning "isthmus of the courthouse", indicating it could have been an important meeting place during the Norse period of Scottish history.[49] In the 17th century Eday
Eday was also known as "Heth Øy".[52] In common with elsewhere in the Orkney
Orkney islands, place names are generally a mixture of Norse, Scots and English influences. Any Pictish names that existed before the arrival of Scandinavian settlers on Eday
Eday appear to have been completely obliterated.[53] The common suffix -quoy is from the Old Norse
Old Norse kví-ló and signifies an enclosure in a marshy area.[54] Skaill on the east coast is from the Norse skáli and suggests an important farm on good fertile land that was associated with several smaller tunships.[55] The Bay of London also has Norse origins, lund-inn meaning "woodland", although this is no longer an apt description for this largely treeless landscape.[14] Old Norse lundi means "puffin", which creatures may once have nested in sandy land at the back of the bay. Orkney
Orkney was Christianised before the arrival of Viking settlers, and there are various local "Papa" names that reflect the activities of the pre-Norse papar monks there. The farm of Papleyhouse near Linkataing may indicate such a link to the past, although the connection is by no means certain.[56][Note 4] The name "geo", which occurs frequently around the rocky coast, is from the Norse gjá and means a narrow and deep cleft in the face of a cliff.[58] Transport and economy[edit]

Orkney
Orkney Ferries arrival at Bay of Backaland

Eday
Eday can be reached by both sea and air from the Orkney
Orkney Mainland. Orkney
Orkney Ferries provide daily ferry crossings to Backaland
Backaland on Eday
Eday from Kirkwall.[59] The Orkney
Orkney inter-island air service, operated by Loganair, connects Kirkwall
Kirkwall Airport with Eday
Eday Airport.[60] In 2014 the Orkney
Orkney Islands Council began consultation to build a number of fixed crossings between seven of the Orkney
Orkney Islands. This includes the possibility of a 2.6 mile bridge between Eday
Eday and Papa Westray.[61] Farming and crofting are mainstays of the local economy, especially livestock husbandry. Flocks of sheep are also kept on Faray.[62]

OpenHydro Open-Centre turbine being tested at the EMEC
EMEC site in the Fall of Warness

The European Marine Energy Centre
European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) based at Stromness
Stromness is a Scottish Government-backed research facility. They have installed a wave testing system at Billia Croo on the Orkney
Orkney mainland and a tidal power testing station, overlooking the Fall of Warness, on Eday.[63] The test site was chosen because of the marine currents that reach almost 4 metres per second (7.8 kn) at spring tides. There are seven offshore testing berths connected to the 33KV North Isles section of the national grid, via an underground cable.[64]

Eday
Eday Heritage and Visitor Centre in the restored former Baptist Church near Millbounds

Eday
Eday Partnership, the local development trust is active in promoting the island's economy and has instigated numerous projects, including Eday
Eday Heritage Centre, and the purchase of a new diesel tank for the island. Eday's various community projects contributed £380,000 to the island's economy from 2005-7 and a 900 kW community-owned wind turbine is planned.[65][66] The income that this asset will generate is expected to reduce fuel poverty on the island, support new community enterprises and create affordable housing.[67] In July 2008, the island celebrated the opening of the Eday
Eday Heritage and Visitor Centre in the restored former Baptist Church. There is a heritage display area, a permanent archive, a café and a tourist information point. The Eday
Eday Oral History Project records life on the island in the past and is also housed within the centre, which has its own 6 kW wind turbine.[68][69] The island's population was 160 as recorded by the 2011 census[5] an increase of over 30% since 2001 when there were 121 usual residents.[70] During the same period Scottish island populations as a whole grew by 4% to 103,702.[71] Natural history[edit]

Eriophorum angustifolium, or bog cotton, by the roadside near Sandhill

In the early 19th century Patrick Neill wrote of the local flora that "Eda is a mossy island; a great part of it consisting of barren marshy heaths. Juncus
Juncus uliginosus here covers whole acres; and the pretty little plant Radiola millegran, or all-seed, is everywhere strewed."[39][Note 5] Over 120 species of wild plants have been recorded on the island[8] including bog myrtle found nowhere else in Orkney.[44] In the mid-17th century, Eday
Eday was described as being "absolutely full of moorland birds"[38] and today there are red-throated divers on Mill Loch, Arctic skuas and bonxies on the moors and black guillemot offshore. Shore birds include meadow pipit, rock pipit and ringed plover. The woodland at Carrick House attracts a variety of migrants and otters can be seen around the coasts.[44] There are colonies of harbour and grey seals on Muckle Green Holm, Little Green Holm, Faray and Holm of Faray, and white-beaked dolphin, minke whale and killer whale are occasional visitors to the area.[74] A ranger provideds guided walks throughout the year.[75] Prominent natives[edit]

Australian pioneer union leader and Australian Labor Party
Australian Labor Party politician, William Spence
William Spence was born on Eday
Eday in 1846.[76] John Flaws Reid, who represented Mackenzie in the Canadian House of Commons, was born on Eday
Eday in 1860.[77] Rev Norman Miller Johnson FRSE
FRSE (1887-1949) was minister of Eday
Eday and died here in 1949.

See also[edit]

Scotland
Scotland portal Lighthouses portal

List of lighthouses in Scotland List of Northern Lighthouse
Lighthouse Board lighthouses Geology of Orkney Prehistoric Orkney Tarbert, the Gaelic equivalent of eið

References[edit]

Notes

^ The Sinclair's, descendants of Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, were a powerful force in Orkney
Orkney from the 14th to the 16th century. Edward was a grandson of Oliver Sinclair of Roslin, himself a son of William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness.[33] ^ George Sinclair (1582–1643) was the Fifth Earl of Caithness.[34] ^ John Stewart was a first cousin of James VI. He had property in Ayrshire and hankered after the prestigious title "Earl of Carrick". King James allowed him to name his Eday
Eday mansion "Carrick", enabling him to have the style, if not the substance of this title,[36] which became extinct on his death in 1652.[37] ^ The history of the papar is obscure. The Landnámabók states that these Christian settlers had already colonised Iceland
Iceland before the coming of the Norse. The anonymous author of the Historia Norvegiae, which may date from the 13th century, claimed that "they were Africans adhering to Judaism".[57] ^ Neill notes that Juncus
Juncus uliginofus is also known as "little bulbous rush". The modern terminology is Juncus
Juncus bulbosus.[72] Radiola millegran is known today as Radiola linoides.[73]

Footnotes

^ a b c d e f g h i Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 386 ^ " Orkney
Orkney Placenames" Orkneyjar. Retrieved 29 Feb 2012 ^ a b c d e f g Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 5 Orkney (Northern Isles) (Map). Ordnance Survey. 2008. ISBN 9780319228111.  ^ a b Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census. ^ a b c d National Records of Scotland
Scotland (15 August 2013) (pdf) Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland
Scotland - Release 1C (Part Two). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland’s inhabited islands". Retrieved 17 August 2013. ^ Pedersen, Roy (January 1992) Orkneyjar ok Katanes (map, Inverness, Nevis Print) ^ Calfo of Eday
Eday The Lighthouse
Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 27 May 2016 ^ a b c Hewitson, Jim "The North Isles" in Omand (2003) p. 185 ^ a b Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 387 ^ " Orkney
Orkney Placenames - natural elements" Orkneyjar. Retrieved 15 July 2007. ^ "Sites of Special
Special Scientific Interest (SSSI): Mill Loch" Orkney Islands Council. Retrieved 1 April 2012. ^ British Geological Survey. " Eday
Eday Group". The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. BGS. Retrieved 22 October 2012.  ^ Hall, Adrian and Brown, John Flett (September 2005) "Upper Middle and Upper Devonian
Devonian Sediments". " Orkney
Orkney Landscapes". Retrieved 4 Mar 2012. ^ a b Tait (2005) p. 474 ^ Mykura, W. (with contributions by Flinn, D, & May, F.) 1976. British Regional Geology: Orkney
Orkney and Shetland, Institute of Geological Sciences, Natural Environment Council, 149pp. ^ Wickham-Jones (2007) p. 20 ^ "Eday, Viquoy Hill". Canmore. Retrieved 2 Mar 2012. ^ "Eday, Stone of Setter". Canmore. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ Noble (2006) pp 116–17 ^ "Eday" Archived 8 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine.. Visit Orkney. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ Wickham-Jones (2007) pp. 65, 76 ^ Tait (2005) p. 476 ^ Wickham-Jones (2007) p. 97 ^ Wickham-Jones (2007) p. 104 ^ Ó Corráin (1998) p. 25 ^ Graham-Campbell and Batey (1998) pp. 2, 23 ^ "Eday, Castle of Stackel Brae". Canmore. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ "Eday, Castle of Stackel Brae". Scotland's Places. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ Thompson (2008) p. 220 ^ Thompson (2008) p. 183 ^ Crawford, Barbara E. " Orkney
Orkney in the Middle Ages" in Omand (2003) pp. 78–79 ^ a b Thomson (2008) p. 258 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 235 ^ a b c Thomson (2008) pp. 288–90 ^ a b "Eday, Carrick House". Canmore. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ Thomson (2008) p. 302 ^ a b Thomson (2008) p. 303 ^ a b c Stewart, Walter (mid-1640s) "New Choreographic Description of the Orkneys" in Irvine (2006) p. 24 ^ a b Neill (1806) p. 38 ^ Neill (1806) p. 39 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 333 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 336 ^ Tait (2005) p. 481 ^ a b c Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 388 ^ " John Gow
John Gow - The Orkney
Orkney Pirate" Orkneyjar. Retrieved 11 Mar 2012. ^ Thomson (2008) p. 360 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 382 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 445 ^ a b Waugh (2010) p. 550 ^ Waugh (2010) p. 545 ^ Waugh (2010) p. 551 ^ Blaeu, Johan (mid-1654) "Orcadum and Shetlandiæ" in Irvine (2006) p. 33 ^ Waugh, Doreen " Orkney
Orkney Place-names" in Omand (2003) p. 115 ^ Lamb, Gregor "The Orkney
Orkney Tongue" in Omand (2003) p. 249 ^ Waugh, Doreen " Orkney
Orkney Place-names" in Omand (2003) p. 124 ^ Thomson (2008) pp. 14–16 ^ Thomson (2008) p. 14 ^ "Geo". Fettes College. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 9 September 2011.  ^ "Published Timetables" Orkney
Orkney Ferries. Retrieved 10 Mar 2012. ^ "Destinations" Highlands and Islands Airports. Retrieved 10 Mar 2012. ^ http://www.scotsman.com/news/transport/orkney-bridge-plan-may-end-world-s-shortest-flight-1-3443317 ^ "Farming" Eday
Eday Partnership. Retrieved 15 Mar 2012. ^ "EMEC". Retrieved 2007-02-03.  ^ "Fall of Warness Test Site" EMEC. Retrieved 14 Mar 2012. ^ Progress in the heart of the North Isles (26 July 2007) Orkney
Orkney Today newspaper. ^ "The Eday
Eday Partnership". HIE. Retrieved 15 Mar 2012. ^ "Community Wind Turbine". Orkney
Orkney Communities. Retrieved 15 Mar 2012. ^ "Heritage and Visitor Centre finally opens on Eday" Local People Leading. Retrieved 19 July 2008. ^ " Eday
Eday Heritage & Visitor Centre" Eday
Eday Partnership. Retrieved 15 Mar 2012. ^ General Register Office for Scotland
Scotland (28 November 2003) Scotland's Census 2001 – Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands. Retrieved 26 February 2012. ^ "Scotland's 2011 census: Island living on the rise". BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2013. ^ " Juncus
Juncus bulbosus var. uliginosus". The Plant List: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ "Radiola linoides: Roth - Allseed". Flora of Northern Ireland. Retrieved 3 Mar 2012. ^ "Environmental Description for the EMEC
EMEC Tidal Test Facility" EMEC. Retrieved 14 Mar 2012. ^ " Eday
Eday Ranger" Eday
Eday Partnership. Retrieved 15 Mar 2012. ^ Lansbury, Coral; Bede Nairn. "Spence, William Guthrie (1846–1926)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 10 May 2007.  ^ John Flaws Reid – Parliament of Canada biography Retrieved 16 Mar 2012.

General references

Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) Orkneyinga Saga. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ISBN 0-901824-25-9 Graham-Campbell, James and Batey, Colleen E. (1998) Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-0641-6 Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 1-84195-454-3.  Irvine, James M. (ed.) (2006) The Orkneys and Schetland in Blaeu's Atlas Novus of 1654. Ashtead. James M. Irvine. ISBN 0-9544571-2-9 Neill, Patrick (1806) A Tour Through Some Of The Islands of Orkney
Orkney and Shetland, with a view chiefly to objects of natural history, but including also occasional remarks on the state of the inhabitants, their husbandry and fisheries. Edinburgh. Constable and Company. Tait, Charles "North Isles - Eday" in The Orkney
Orkney Guide (2005) Charles Tait Photography. pp. 474–80. ISBN 0-9517859-5-8 Noble, Gordon (2006) Neolithic
Neolithic Scotland: Timber, Stone, Earth and Fire. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-2338-8 Omand, Donald (ed.) (2003) The Orkney
Orkney Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998) Vikings in Ireland and Scotland
Scotland in the Ninth Century. CELT. Thomson, William P. L. (2008) The New History of Orkney. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-84158-696-0 Waugh, Doreen, "On eið-names in Orkney
Orkney and other North Atlantic islands" in Sheehan, John and Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2010) The Viking Age: Ireland and the West. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Viking Congress. Dublin. Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1-84682-101-1 Wickham-Jones, Caroline (2007) Orkney: A Historical Guide. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-596-3

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eday.

Visit Eday Eday
Eday Partnership RCAHMS aerial photograph of central Eday, showing the narrow isthmus between Sands of Doomy and Bay of London Northern Lighthouse
Lighthouse Board

Coordinates: 59°11′N 2°47′W / 59.183°N 2.783°W / 59.183; -2.783

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Earldom of Orkney

Buckquoy spindle-whorl Udal law

18th and 19th Century

Clearances Jacobite risings Flora MacDonald

Literature

Orkneyinga Saga Description of the Western Isles of Scotland
Scotland (Monro) A Description of the Western Isles of Scotland
Scotland (Martin) A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
Scotland (Johnson) The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides
Hebrides (Boswell)

Etymology

General

Scottish island names Northern Isles Hebrides Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba

Specific

Arran Gigha Skye St Kilda

Economy

Towns

Kirkwall Lerwick Rothesay Stornoway Stromness

Agencies

Community Energy Scotland Crofters Commission DTA Scotland Highlands and Islands Enterprise Scottish Islands Federation

Oil industry

Flotta Sullom Voe

Culture

Shetland

Aly Bain Thomas Fraser Peerie Willie Johnson Shetland
Shetland Amenity Trust Up Helly Aa Vagaland

Orkney

George Mackay Brown Peter Maxwell Davies F. Marian McNeill Kirkwall
Kirkwall Ba game Orkney
Orkney Heritage Society St Magnus Festival

Outer Hebrides

Compton Mackenzie Fèis Bharraigh Free Church of Scotland Iain Crichton Smith

Inner Hebrides

Islay whisky Runrig Sorley MacLean West Highland Free Press

Politics

Local authorities

Shetland
Shetland Islands Council Orkney
Orkney Islands Council Comhairle nan Eilean Siar Highland Council Argyll and Bute North Ayrshire

Wildlife

Fauna

Fair Isle
Fair Isle wren Orkney
Orkney vole Shetland
Shetland wren St Kilda field mouse St Kilda wren

Flora

Arran whitebeams Scottish Primrose Shetland
Shetland Mouse-ear

Domesticated animals

Cairn Terrier Eriskay Pony Hebridean Blackface Luing cattle North Ronaldsay
North Ronaldsay sheep Scottie Sheltie Shetland
Shetland cattle Shetland
Shetland Goose Shetland
Shetland pony Shetland
Shetland sheep Soay sheep Westie

Geology

Shetland

Geopark Shetland

Geology of Orkney

Eday
Eday Group Orcadian Basin Yesnaby Sandstone Group

Hebrides

Colonsay Group Great Estuarine Group Hebridean Terrane Lewisian complex Lorne plateau lavas Moine Supergroup Moine Thrust Belt Rhinns complex Skye Staffa Torridonian

Islands of the Clyde

Highland Boundary Fault

v t e

Lighthouses of the Northern Lighthouse
Lighthouse Board

Scotland (except principal island groups)

Ailsa Craig Ardnamurchan Bass Rock Bell Rock Buchan Ness Cape Wrath Chanonry Corsewall Covesea Skerries Crammag Head Davaar Duncansby Head Dunnet Head Fidra Fife Ness Girdle Ness Holy Island (Outer) Inchkeith Isle of May Kinnaird Head Mull of Galloway Mull of Kintyre North Rona Noss Head Pladda Rattray Head Rubh Re St Abbs Head Sanda Scurdie Ness Stoer Head Strathy
Strathy Point Stroma Sule Skerry Tarbat Ness Turnberry Minor lights

The Hebrides

Barra Head Butt of Lewis Dubh Artach Eilean Glas Flannan Islands Haskeir Hyskeir Lismore Monach Neist Point Ornsay Rinns of Islay Rona Ruvaal Scarinish Skerryvore Tiumpan Head Ushenish Minor lights

Orkney

Auskerry Brough of Birsay Cantick Head Copinsay Hoy
Hoy Sound (High) Hoy
Hoy Sound (Low) North Ronaldsay Noup Head Pentland Skerries Start Point Tor Ness Minor lights

Shetland

Bressay Eshaness Fair Isle
Fair Isle North Fair Isle
Fair Isle South Firths Voe Foula Hoo Stack Muckle Flugga Out Skerries Point of Fethaland Sumburgh Head Ve Skerries Minor lights

Isle of Man

Chicken Rock Douglas Head Langness (minor light) Maughold Head Point of Ayre Thousla