This is a conversion chart showing how the Dewey Decimal and

Library of Congress Classification The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) is a system of library classification developed by the Library of Congress in the United States, which can be used for shelving books in a library. LCC is mainly used by large research and academic librar ...

systems organize resources by concept, in part for the purpose of assigning call numbers. These two systems account for over 95% of the classification in

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

libraries, and are used widely around the world. The chart includes all ninety-nine second level (two-digit) DDC classes (040 is not assigned), and should include all second level (two-digit) LCC classes. Where a class in one system maps to several classes in other system, it will be listed multiple times (e.g. DDC class 551). Additional information on these classification plans is available at: *

Dewey Decimal Classification The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), colloquially known as the Dewey Decimal System, is a proprietary library classification system which allows new books to be added to a library in their appropriate location based on subject. Section 4.1 ...

—high level categories, with links to lower level categories *

—high level categories

Chart

{, class="sortable wikitable" align="center" !width=65, DDC !width=90, LCC !width=420, Description , - , - , 000, , QA71-90 , Computer science, knowledge and general works , - , 001, , A, , knowledge , - , 002, , Z4-659 , The book , - , 003, , , , Systems , - , 004, , QA(subrange), , Data processing & computer science , - , 005, , QA(subrange), , Computer programming, programs & data , - , 006, , QA(subrange), , Special computer methods , - , 010, , Z1001–8999, , Bibliography , - , 020, , Z665–718.8 , , Library & information sciences , - , 030, , AE , , General encyclopedic works , - , 050, , AI , , General serials & their indexes , - , 060, , AM111–160, , General organization & museology , - , 070, , AN , , News media , - , 070, , PN4699–5650, , Journalism , - , 070, , Z278–549, , Publishing , - , 080, , AC , , General collections , - , 090, , Z105–115.5, , Manuscripts , - , 090, , Z1019–1033, , Rare books , - , 100, , B, ,

Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Psychology includes the study of conscious and unconscious phenomena, including feelings and thoughts. It is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries between ...

& Philosophy , - , 111, , BD300–450, ,

Ontology In metaphysics, ontology is the philosophical study of being, as well as related concepts such as existence, becoming, and reality. Ontology addresses questions like how entities are grouped into categories and which of these entities exi ...

, - , 115, , BD493–701, ,

Time Time is the continued sequence of existence and events that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, into the future. It is a component quantity of various measurements used to sequence events, ...

, - , 120, , BD143–237, ,

Epistemology Epistemology (; ), or the theory of knowledge, is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge. Epistemology is considered a major subfield of philosophy, along with other major subfields such as ethics, logic, and metaphysics. Epis ...

, - , 120, , BD? , , Causation , - , 120, , BD? , ,

Humankind Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

, - , 124, , BD493–701, ,

Teleology Teleology (from and )Partridge, Eric. 1977''Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English'' London: Routledge, p. 4187. or finalityDubray, Charles. 2020 912Teleology" In ''The Catholic Encyclopedia'' 14. New York: Robert Appleton ...

, - , 130, , BF1404–2055, ,

Paranormal phenomena Paranormal events are purported phenomena described in popular culture, Folk culture, folk, and other non-scientific bodies of knowledge, whose existence within these contexts is described as being beyond the scope of normal scientific under ...

/ Occult sciences , - , 150, , BF, ,

, - , 152, , HM1041–1101, ,

Perception Perception () is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment. All perception involves signals that go through the nervous system ...

, - , 152, , QH?, , Movement , - , 152, , BF511–593, ,

Emotions Emotions are mental states brought on by neurophysiological changes, variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure. There is currently no scientific consensus on a definition. ...

, - , 155, , BF712–724, , Developmental psychology , - , 160, , BC, , Logic , - , 170, , BJ, ,

Ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concer ...

(moral philosophy) , - , 180, , B108–708, , Classic philosophy , - , 181, , B850–5739, ,

Oriental philosophy Eastern philosophy or Asian philosophy includes the various philosophies that originated in East and South Asia, including Chinese philosophy, Japanese philosophy, Korean philosophy, and Vietnamese philosophy; which are dominant in East Asia, ...

, - , 182, , B108–708, ,

Ancient philosophy This page lists some links to ancient philosophy, namely philosophical thought extending as far as early post-classical history (). Overview Genuine philosophical thought, depending upon original individual insights, arose in many culture ...

, - , 183, , B108–708, , Sophists & Socratic philosophies , - , 185, , B108–708, , Aristotelian philosophy , - , 186, , B108–708, ,

Skeptic Skepticism, also spelled scepticism, is a questioning attitude or doubt toward knowledge claims that are seen as mere belief or dogma. For example, if a person is skeptical about claims made by their government about an ongoing war then the ...

Neoplatonic Neoplatonism is a strand of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion. The term does not encapsulate a set of ideas as much as a chain of thinkers. But there are some id ...

philosophies , - , 187, , B108–708, ,

Epicurean Epicureanism is a system of philosophy founded around 307 BC based upon the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus. Epicureanism was originally a challenge to Platonism. Later its main opponent became Stoicism. Few writings by Ep ...

philosophy , - , 188, , B108–708, ,

Stoic philosophy Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded by Zeno of Citium in Athens in the early 3rd century BCE. It is a philosophy of personal virtue ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world, asserting that t ...

, - , 189, , B720–765, , Medieval Western philosophy , - , 190, , B790–5802, , Modern

Western philosophy Western philosophy encompasses the philosophical thought and work of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word ' ...

, - , 200, , BL, ,

Religion Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, ...

, - , 210, , BL175–265, , Natural theology , - , 212, , BL205–216, , Nature of God , - , 220, , BS, ,

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts ...

, - , 221, , BS701–1830, , Old Testament , - , 225, , BS1901–2970, ,

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Chri ...

, - , 226, , BS2547–2970?, , Gospels & Acts of the Apostles , - , 227, , BS2640–2765.6, , Epistles , - , 228, , BS2547–2970?, ,

Revelation In religion and theology, revelation is the revealing or disclosing of some form of truth or knowledge through communication with a deity or other supernatural entity or entities. Background Inspiration – such as that bestowed by God on the ...

, - , 229, , BS2547–2970?, ,

Apocrypha Apocrypha are works, usually written, of unknown authorship or of doubtful origin. The word ''apocryphal'' (ἀπόκρυφος) was first applied to writings which were kept secret because they were the vehicles of esoteric knowledge considered ...

, - , 230, , BR, , Christian theology , - , 232, , BT198–590, ,

Jesus Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label= Hebrew/ Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religiou ...

& his family , - , 236, , BT819–891, ,

Eschatology Eschatology (; ) concerns expectations of the end of the present age, human history, or of the world itself. The end of the world or end times is predicted by several world religions (both Abrahamic and non-Abrahamic), which teach that nega ...

, - , 250, , BR?, , Christian orders & local church , - , 260, , BR?, , Christian social theology , - , 270, , BR140–1510, , Christian church history , - , 280, , BX?, , List of Christian denominations , - , 282, , BX800–4795, ,

Roman Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

, - , 283, , BX5001–6093, , Anglican churches (English and Protestant Episcopal) , - , 284, , BX?, , Protestants of Continental origin , - , 286, , BX6201–6495, BX7301–7343, BX6101–6193, ,

Baptist Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

, Disciples of Christ,

Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

, - , 287, , BX8201–8495, ,

Methodist Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's ...

& related churches , - , 289, , BX7601–7795, BX7801–7843, BX8101–8144, BX 8799–8809, BX9751–9793, BX9998, , Other denominations and sects , - , 290, , BL660–2680, , Non-Christian religion , - , 292, , BL700–820, ,

Greek mythology A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities ...

and

Roman mythology Roman mythology is the body of myths of ancient Rome as represented in the literature and visual arts of the Romans. One of a wide variety of genres of Roman folklore, ''Roman mythology'' may also refer to the modern study of these representa ...

, - , 295, , BL1500–1590, ,

Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism is an Iranian religion and one of the world's oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. It has a dualistic cosmology of good and evil within the framework of a monotheisti ...

, - , 296, , BM, ,

Judaism Judaism ( he, ''Yahăḏūṯ'') is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people. It has its roots as an organized religion in t ...

, - , 297, , BP, , Islam, Bábísm,

Baháʼí Faith The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people. Established by Baháʼu'lláh in the 19th century, it initially developed in Iran and parts of the ...

, - , 300, , H, ,

Social sciences Social science is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies. The term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology, the original "science of so ...

, - , 301, , HM, ,

Sociology Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. It uses various methods of empirical investigation an ...

, - , 301, , GN, ,

Anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of be ...

, - , 310, , HA154–473 , , General statistics (of parts of the world) , - , 320, , J, ,

Political science Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and la ...

, - , 327, , JZ, , International relations , - , 330, , HB, ,

Economics Economics () is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes ...

, - , 331, , HD4801–8943, , Labor economics , - , 332, , HG, ,

Financial economics Financial economics, also known as finance, is the branch of economics characterized by a "concentration on monetary activities", in which "money of one type or another is likely to appear on ''both sides'' of a trade". William F. Sharpe"Financia ...

, - , 333, , HD101–1399, , Economics of land , - , 333, , HD9502, , Economics of energy , - , 336, , HJ, ,

Public finance Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy. It is the branch of economics that assesses the government revenue and government expenditure of the public authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achiev ...

, - , 339, , HB?, , Macroeconomics , - , 340, , K, ,

Law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...

, - , 341, , KZ, ,

International law International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally recognized as binding between states. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for ...

, - , 345, , K5000–5582, , Criminal law , - , 346, , KB479, , Private law , - , 347, , K2201–2385, ,

Civil procedure Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). These rules govern how a lawsuit or case may be commenced; what kin ...

, - , 347, , K2100–2385, ,

Courts A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accorda ...

, - , 350, , JF, ,

Public administration Public Administration (a form of governance) or Public Policy and Administration (an academic discipline) is the implementation of public policy, administration of government establishment (public governance), management of non-profit est ...

, - , 352, , JS, ,

City government Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of public administration within a particular sovereign state. This particular usage of the word government refers specifically to a level of administration that is both geographically-loca ...

, - , 353, , JK1–9593, , U.S. federal government , - , 353, , JK2403–9593, , U.S. state governments , - , 355, , U, , Military Science , - , 360, , H , , Social services; association , - , 361, , HN , , General social problems & services , - , 362, , HN , , Social welfare problems & services , - , 363, , HN , , Other social problems & services , - , 364, , HV6001–7220, , Criminology , - , 365, , HV8301–9920, , Penal & related institutions , - , 366, , HS , , Association , - , 367, , HS , , General clubs , - , 368, , K1960–1973, , (Social) Insurance , - , 370, , L, ,

Education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty ...

, - , 371, , LB3011–3095, , School management , - , 371, , LC3950–4806.5, , Special education , - , 372, , LB1501–1602, , Elementary education , - , 373, , LB1603–1699, , Secondary education , - , 374, , LC5201–6661, , Adult education , - , 376, , LC1401–2572, , Education of women , - , 377, , LC321–951, , Schools & religion , - , 378, , LB2300–2430, , Higher education , - , 380, , HF, ,

Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, nation ...

communications Communication (from la, communicare, meaning "to share" or "to be in relation with") is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term may also refer to the message communicated through such transmissions or the field of inquir ...

transport Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land ( rail and road), water, cable, pipelin ...

, - , 382, , HF1, ,

International commerce International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories because there is a need or want of goods or services. (see: World economy) In most countries, such trade represents a significant ...

(

Foreign trade International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories because there is a need or want of goods or services. (see: World economy) In most countries, such trade represents a significant ...

) , - , 383, , HE6000–7500, , Postal communications , - , 384, , HE, ,

Communication Communication (from la, communicare, meaning "to share" or "to be in relation with") is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term may also refer to the message communicated through such transmissions or the field of inqui ...

s , - , 384, , HE7601–8700.9, ,

Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that fe ...

, - , 385, , HE1001–5600, ,

Railways Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a pre ...

, - , 386, , HE380–560, ,

Inland waterway A body of water, such as a river, canal or lake, is navigable if it is deep, wide and calm enough for a water vessel (e.g. boats) to pass safely. Such a navigable water is called a ''waterway'', and is preferably with few obstructions against d ...

, - , 386, , HE5751–5870, , Ferry

ation , - , 387, , HE380–971, , Water transportation , - , 387, , HE9761–9900, , Air transportation , - , 387, , TL787–4050, , Space transportation , - , 388, , HE, ,

Transport Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land ( rail and road), water, cable, pipelin ...

, - , 390, , GT, , Customs , - , 390, , BJ1801–2195, , Etiquette , - , 390, , GR , , Folklore , - , 391, , GT500–2370, ,

Costume Costume is the distinctive style of dress or cosmetic of an individual or group that reflects class, gender, profession, ethnicity, nationality, activity or epoch. In short costume is a cultural visual of the people. The term also was tradition ...

and Personal Appearance , - , 392, , GT2400–3390.5, , Customs of

life cycle Life cycle, life-cycle, or lifecycle may refer to: Science and academia *Biological life cycle, the sequence of life stages that an organism undergoes from birth to reproduction ending with the production of the offspring * Life-cycle hypothesis ...

& private life , - , 393, , GT2400–3390.5, , Customs of

Death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain ...

, - , 395, , BJ1801–2195, , Etiquette , - , 398, , GR, ,

Folklore Folklore is shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group. This includes oral traditions such as tales, legends, proverbs and jokes. They include material culture, ranging ...

, - , 400, , P, ,

Language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...

, - , 410, , P101–410, ,

Linguistics Linguistics is the science, scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure ...

, - , 411, , P327–327.5, ,

Writing systems A writing system is a method of visually representing verbal communication, based on a script and a set of rules regulating its use. While both writing and speech are useful in conveying messages, writing differs in also being a reliable form ...

, - , 412, , P321–324.5, ,

Etymology Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological chan ...

, - , 414, , P?, ,

Phonology Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a ...

phonetics Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds, or in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. Linguists who specialize in studying the physical properties of speech are phoneticians. ...

, - , 415, , P201–299, ,

Grammar In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraints, a field that includes domain ...

, - , 419, , PM8001–8995, ,

Sign language Sign languages (also known as signed languages) are languages that use the visual-manual modality to convey meaning, instead of spoken words. Sign languages are expressed through manual articulation in combination with non-manual markers. Sign l ...

, - , 420, , PE, ,

English language English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the ...

, - , 430, , PD, ,

Germanic language The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa. The most widely spoken Germanic language, E ...

s , - , 440, , PC2001–3761, , French language , - , 449, , PC3201–3366, , Provençal , - , 449, , PC3801–3976, ,

Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

, - , 450, , PC1001–1977, ,

Italian language Italian (''italiano'' or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. Together with Sardinian, Italian is the least divergent language from Latin. Spoken by about ...

, - , 459, , PC601–872, ,

Romanian language Romanian (obsolete spellings: Rumanian or Roumanian; autonym: ''limba română'' , or ''românește'', ) is the official and main language of Romania and the Republic of Moldova. As a minority language it is spoken by stable communities in ...

, - , 459, , PC901–986, , Rhaeto–Romanic language , - , 460, , PC4001–4977, ,

Spanish language Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a global language with more than 500 million native speakers, mainly in th ...

, - , 469, , PC5001–5498, ,

Portuguese language Portuguese ( or, in full, ) is a western Romance language of the Indo-European language family, originating in the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is an official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau and ...

, - , 470, , PA2001–2915, ,

Latin language Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of t ...

, - , 480, , PA201–899, ,

Greek language Greek ( el, label= Modern Greek, Ελληνικά, Elliniká, ; grc, Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Italy ( Calabria and Salento), southe ...

, - , 490, , P501–769, ,

Indo-European Languages The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent. Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutc ...

, - , 492, , PJ991–995, ,

Afro-Asiatic languages The Afroasiatic languages (or Afro-Asiatic), also known as Hamito-Semitic, or Semito-Hamitic, and sometimes also as Afrasian, Erythraean or Lisramic, are a language family of about 300 languages that are spoken predominantly in the geographic su ...

, - , 494, , PL1–481, ,

Altaic languages Altaic (; also called Transeurasian) is a controversial proposed language family that would include the Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic language families and possibly also the Japonic and Koreanic languages. Speakers of these languages are ...

, - , 495, , PL3521–4001, ,

Sino-Tibetan languages Sino-Tibetan, also cited as Trans-Himalayan in a few sources, is a family of more than 400 languages, second only to Indo-European in number of native speakers. The vast majority of these are the 1.3 billion native speakers of Chinese languages. ...

, - , 496, , PL8000–8844, ,

African languages The languages of Africa are divided into several major language families: * Niger–Congo or perhaps Atlantic–Congo languages (includes Bantu and non-Bantu, and possibly Mande and others) are spoken in West, Central, Southeast and Souther ...

, - , 497, , PM101–2711, , North American languages (

Native American languages Over a thousand indigenous languages are spoken by the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. These languages cannot all be demonstrated to be related to each other and are classified into a hundred or so language families (including a large numbe ...

) , - , 498, , PM3001–4566, , Central American Languages (

) , - , 498, , PM5001–7356, , South American Languages (

) , - , 500, , Q, ,

Natural sciences Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such as peer review and repeatab ...

& mathematics , - , 510, , QA, , Mathematics , - , 512, , QA150–272, ,

Algebra Algebra () is one of the broad areas of mathematics. Roughly speaking, algebra is the study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols in formulas; it is a unifying thread of almost all of mathematics. Elementary ...

, - , 513, , QA101–145, , Arithmetic , - , 514, , QA612–699, ,

Topology In mathematics, topology (from the Greek words , and ) is concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling, and bending; that is, without closing ...

, - , 515, , QA299–433, ,

Analysis Analysis ( : analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle (3 ...

Calculus Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithm ...

, - , 516, , QA440–611, ,

Geometry Geometry (; ) is, with arithmetic, one of the oldest branches of mathematics. It is concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is ...

(excluding Topology) , - , 519, , QA273–299, ,

Probability Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur, or how likely it is that a proposition is true. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1, where, roughly speakin ...

, Statistics,

Numerical analysis Numerical analysis is the study of algorithms that use numerical approximation (as opposed to symbolic manipulations) for the problems of mathematical analysis (as distinguished from discrete mathematics). It is the study of numerical methods ...

, - , 520, , QB, ,

Astronomy Astronomy () is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and evolution. Objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, nebulae, g ...

, - , 521, , QB349–421, ,

Celestial mechanics Celestial mechanics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of objects in outer space. Historically, celestial mechanics applies principles of physics (classical mechanics) to astronomical objects, such as stars and planets, to ...

, - , 530, , QC, ,

Physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

, - , 531, , QC120–168.85, , Classical mechanics; Solid mechanics , - , 532, , QC120–168.85, , Fluid mechanics; Liquid mechanics , - , 533, , QC120–168.85, , Gas mechanics , - , 534, , QC221–246, , Sound & related vibrations , - , 535, , QC350–467, , Light & paraphotic phenomena , - , 536, , QC251–338.5, , Heat , - , 537, , QC501–721, , Electricity & electronics , - , 538, , QC750–766, , Magnetism , - , 539, , QC770–798, , Modern physics , - , 540, , QD, , Chemistry & allied sciences , - , 541, , QD450–801, , Physical & theoretical chemistry , - , 542, , QD1–65, , Techniques, equipment, materials , - , 543, , QD71–142, , Analytical chemistry , - , 544, , QD71–142, , Qualitative analysis , - , 545, , QD71–142, , Quantitative analysis , - , 546, , QD146–197, , Inorganic chemistry , - , 547, , QD241–441, ,

Organic chemistry Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, ...

, - , 548, , QD0001–0999, , Crystallography , - , 549, , QE351–399.2, , Mineralogy , - , 550, , QE , , Earth sciences , - , 551, , QE, ,

Geology Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Ea ...

, - , 551, , GB651–2998, ,

Hydrology Hydrology () is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and environmental watershed sustainability. A practitioner of hydrology is call ...

, - , 551, , QC851–999, ,

Meteorology Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting. The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did no ...

, - , 552, , QE420–499, , Petrology , - , 553, , QE?, , Economic geology , - , 560, , QE701–760, , Paleontology , - , 560, , QE7601–899, , Paleozoology , - , 570, , QH301–705.5, , Life sciences –

Biology Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary i ...

, - , 572, , QD415–436, ,

Biochemistry Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and ...

, - , 572, , GN, ,

, - , 573, , GN49–298, , Physical anthropology , - , 574, , QH301–705.5, ,

, - , 575, , QH359–425, ,

Evolution Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes, which are passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction. Variation ...

, - , 575, , QH426–470, ,

Genetics Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar wor ...

, - , 576, , QH573–671, , Microbiology , - , 577, , QH540–549.5, ,

Ecology Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overl ...

, - , 578, , QH201–278.5, , Microscopy in biology , - , 579, , QH1–199.5, , Collection and preservation , - , 580, , QK, , Botanical sciences , - , 581, , QK, , Botany , - , 582, , QK474.8–495, ,

Spermatophyta A spermatophyte (; ), also known as phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds, hence the alternative name seed plant. Spermatophytes are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. They inc ...

(Seed-bearing plants) , - , 585, , QK494–494.5, ,

Gymnospermae The gymnosperms ( lit. revealed seeds) are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, '' Ginkgo'', and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae. The term ''gymnosperm'' comes from the composite word in el, γυμνό ...

(Pinophyta) , - , 586, , QK504–638, ,

Cryptogamia A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant (in the wide sense of the word) or a plant-like organism that reproduces by spores, without flowers or seeds. The name ''Cryptogamae'' () means "hidden reproduction", referring to the fact ...

(Seedless plants) , - , 590, , QL, ,

Animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motilit ...

s , - , 591, , QL1–355, ,

Zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and ...

, - , 592, , QL360–599.82, ,

Invertebrate Invertebrates are a paraphyletic group of animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''backbone'' or ''spine''), derived from the notochord. This is a grouping including all animals apart from the chordate ...

s , - , 593, , QL360–599.82, , Protozoa,

Echinodermata An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the s ...

, related phyla , - , 594, , QL360–599.82, , Mollusca & Molluscoidea , - , 595, , QL360–599.82, , Other invertebrates , - , 596, , QL605–739.8, ,

Vertebrata Vertebrates () comprise all animal taxa within the subphylum Vertebrata () (chordates with backbones), including all mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, ...

(

Craniata A craniate is a member of the Craniata (sometimes called the Craniota), a proposed clade of chordate animals with a skull of hard bone or cartilage. Living representatives are the Myxini (hagfishes), Hyperoartia (including lampreys), and the m ...

, Vertebrates) , - , 597, , QL614–639.8, ,

Fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of ...

es , - , 597, , QL640–669.3, , Reptiles and amphibians , - , 598, , QL671–699, , Aves (Birds) , - , 599, , QL700–739.8, ,

Mammalia Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur o ...

(Mammals) , - , 600, , T, ,

Technology Technology is the application of knowledge to reach practical goals in a specifiable and Reproducibility, reproducible way. The word ''technology'' may also mean the product of such an endeavor. The use of technology is widely prevalent in me ...

( Applied sciences) , - , 607, , T61–173, , Education , - , 607, , T175–178, , Research , - , 608, , T201–342, , Invention & patents , - , 608, , Q, , Invention &

patent A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...

s , - , 610, , R, ,

Medicine Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pr ...

, - , 611, , QM, , Human

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

, - , 611, , QH573–671, ,

Cytology Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living an ...

, - , 611, , QM550–577.8, ,

Histology Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures vi ...

, - , 612, , QP, , Human physiology , - , 615, , RM, , Pharmacology &

Therapeutics A therapy or medical treatment (often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx) is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications. There are many different ...

, - , 617, , RD, , Surgery & Related Topics , - , 618, , RG, , Gynecology , - , 618, , R, , Other medical specialties , - , 619, , R735–854, , Experimental medicine , - , 620, , TA, , Engineering & allied operations , - , 621, , TJ, ,

Mechanical engineering Mechanical engineering is the study of physical machines that may involve force and movement. It is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and mathematics principles with materials science, to design, analyze, manufacture, an ...

, - , 621, , QC, , Applied physics , - , 622, , TN, ,

Mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic ...

& related operations , - , 623, , UG1–620, , Military engineering , - , 623, , VM, ,

Nautical engineering Marine engineering is the engineering of boats, ships, submarines, and any other marine vessel. Here it is also taken to include the engineering of other ocean systems and structures – referred to in certain academic and professional circl ...

, - , 624, , TA, ,

Civil engineering Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewa ...

, - , , , TG, , Bridge Engineering , - , 625, , TF, , Engineering of railways , - , 625, , TE, , Engineering of highways , - , 627, , TC1–978, , Hydraulic engineering , - , 628, , TD, , Sanitary & engineering , - , 628, , TD159–168, , Municipal engineering , - , 629, , T, , Other branches of

Engineering Engineering is the use of scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and buildings. The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad range of more speciali ...

, - , , , TK , , Electrical Engineering, electronics, nuclear engineering , - , , , TL, , Motor vehicles, Aeronautics, Astronautix , - , , , TP, , Chemical Technology , - , 630, , S, ,

Agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people t ...

, - , 631, , S1–972, , Techniques, equipment, materials , - , 632, , SB599–990.5, , Plant injuries, diseases, pests , - , 633, , SB317.5–319.864, ,

Horticulture Horticulture is the branch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology, and business of plant cultivation. It includes the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, flowers, seaweeds and no ...

, - , 634, , SB354–402, ,

Fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...

s , - , 634, , SD, ,

Forestry Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests, woodlands, and associated resources for human and environmental benefits. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands. ...

, - , 634, , SB169–172.5, ,

Orchard An orchard is an intentional plantation of trees or shrubs that is maintained for food production. Orchards comprise fruit- or nut-producing trees which are generally grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of ...

s , - , 636, , SF, , Animal husbandry , - , 637, , SF250.5–275, , Processing dairy & related products , - , 638, , SF518–561, , Insect culture , - , 639, , SK, , Hunting, fishing , - , 639, , S604.5–604.64, , Conservation , - , 640, , TX, ,

Home economics Home economics, also called domestic science or family and consumer sciences, is a subject concerning human development, personal and family finances, consumer issues, housing and interior design, nutrition and food preparation, as well as texti ...

, - , 650, , HD28–70, ,

Management Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a nonprofit organization, or a Government agency, government body. It is the art and science of managing resources of the business. Management includ ...

& auxiliary services , - , 653, , Z53–102, , Shorthand , - , 657, , HF5601–5689, , Accounting , - , 658, , HD28–70, ,

General management A general manager (GM) is an executive who has overall responsibility for managing both the revenue and cost elements of a company's income statement, known as profit & loss (P&L) responsibility. A general manager usually oversees most or all of ...

, - , 659, , HF5801–6182, ,

Advertising Advertising is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a product or service. Advertising aims to put a product or service in the spotlight in hopes of drawing it attention from consumers. It is typically used to promote a ...

, - , 660, , TP155–156, , Chemical engineering , - , 670, , HD9720–9975, ,

Manufacturing Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to ...

, - , 680, , TT, ,

Handicrafts A handicraft, sometimes more precisely expressed as artisanal handicraft or handmade, is any of a wide variety of types of work where useful and decorative objects are made completely by one’s hand or by using only simple, non-automated re ...

, - , 690, , TH, , Buildings , - , 700, , N, ,

Arts The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both ...

, - , 708, , N400–3990, ,

Museums A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...

, - , 710, , SB469–476, , Landscape art , - , 720, , NA, ,

Architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing building ...

, - , 730, , NB, , Plastic arts,

Sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable ...

, - , 736, , NB0001–1952, ,

Carving Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it, and ...

carvings Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it, and ...

, - , 738, , NB0001–1952, ,

Ceramic A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain ...

arts , - , 739, , NB0001–1952, ,

Metalwork Metalworking is the process of shaping and reshaping metals to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large scale structures. As a term it covers a wide and diverse range of processes, skills, and tools for producing objects on every scale ...

, - , 740, , NC, , Drawing , - , 740, , NK, ,

Decorative arts ] The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose object is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. It includes most of the arts making objects for the interiors of buildings, and interior design, but not usual ...

, - , 746, , NK8800–9505.5, ,

Textile arts Textile arts are arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects. Textiles have been a fundamental part of human life since the beginning of civilization. The methods and materials u ...

, - , 748, , NK5100–5440, ,

Glass Glass is a non-crystalline, often transparent, amorphous solid that has widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optics. Glass is most often formed by rapid cooling ( quenching ...

, - , 749, , NK2200–2750, , Furniture & accessories , - , 750, , ND, ,

Painting Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

, - , 760, , NE, , Graphic arts, Printmaking & prints , - , 761, , NE1330–1352, , Relief processes (Block printing) , - , 763, , NE2250–2570, ,

Lithography Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...

, - , 764, , NE2236–2240.6, , Chromolithography & serigraphy , - , 765, , NE1400–1879, , Metal engraving , - , 767, , NE1940–2232.5, , Etching & drypoint , - , 770, , TR, ,

Photography Photography is the art, application, and practice of creating durable images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is employe ...

photographs A photograph (also known as a photo, image, or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor, such as a CCD or a CMOS chip. Most photographs are now created ...

, - , 780, , M, ,

Music Music is generally defined as the art of arranging sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise expressive content. Exact definitions of music vary considerably around the world, though it is an aspe ...

, - , 781, , MT, , General principles & musical forms , - , 782, , M1495–5000, , Vocal music , - , 783, , M1528–1529.5, , Music for solo voice , - , 784, , M1000–1075, ,

Orchestras An orchestra (; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which combines instruments from different families. There are typically four main sections of instruments: * bowed string instruments, such as the violin, viola, ce ...

, ensembles , - , 785, , M1000–1075, , Ensembles with one instrument per part , - , 786, , MT180–255, ,

Keyboard instrument A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard, a row of levers which are pressed by the fingers. The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital p ...

, - , 787, , MT259–338, , String instruments , - , 788, , MT339–533, ,

Wind instruments A wind instrument is a musical instrument that contains some type of resonator (usually a tube) in which a column of air is set into vibration by the player blowing into (or over) a mouthpiece set at or near the end of the resonator. The pitc ...

, - , 790, , PN1560–1590, , Performing arts , - , 790, , GV, , Recreation , - , 792, , PN2000–3307, ,

Theater Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perform ...

and other stage presentations , - , 793, , GV1221–1469.63, , Indoor games & amusements , - , 795, , GV1301–1311, ,

Games of chance A game of chance is in contrast with a game of skill. It is a game whose outcome is strongly influenced by some randomizing device. Common devices used include dice, spinning tops, playing cards, roulette wheels, or numbered balls drawn from ...

, - , 796, , GV557–1198.995, ,

Sport Sport pertains to any form of competitive physical activity or game that aims to use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants and, in some cases, entertainment to spectators. Sports can, ...

, - , 797, , GV750–770.27, ,

Air sports The term "air sports" covers a range of aerial activities, including air racing, aerobatics, aeromodelling, hang gliding, human-powered aircraft, parachuting, paragliding and skydiving. Recognized and regulated air sports Many air sport ...

, - , 797, , GV770.3–840, ,

Aquatic sports The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often vo ...

, - , 799, , SK, ,

Fishing Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish. Fish are often caught as wildlife from the natural environment, but may also be caught from stocked bodies of water such as ponds, canals, park wetlands and reservoirs. Fishing techniques inclu ...

Hunting Hunting is the human practice of seeking, pursuing, capturing, or killing wildlife or feral animals. The most common reasons for humans to hunt are to harvest food (i.e. meat) and useful animal products ( fur/ hide, bone/tusks, horn/antler, ...

Shooting Shooting is the act or process of discharging a projectile from a ranged weapon (such as a gun, bow, crossbow, slingshot, or blowpipe). Even the acts of launching flame, artillery, darts, harpoons, grenades, rockets, and guided missiles ...

, - , 800, , P, ,

Literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...

& rhetoric , - , 810, , PS, , American literature , - , 820, , PR, , English literature , - , 830, , PT1–4897, , German literature , - , 840, , PQ0001–3999, ,

French literature French literature () generally speaking, is literature written in the French language, particularly by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written by people living in France who speak traditional languages of France other than F ...

, - , 850, , PQ4001–5999, ,

Italian literature Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy. It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian, including ...

, - , 860, , PQ6001–8929, ,

Spanish literature Spanish literature generally refers to literature ( Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects wi ...

, - , 869, , PQ9000–9999, ,

Portuguese literature Portuguese literature is, generally speaking, literature written in the Portuguese language, particularly by citizens of Portugal; it may also refer to literature written by people living in Portugal, Brazil, Angola and Mozambique, and other P ...

, - , 870, , PA6001–8595, ,

Latin literature Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature ...

, - , 880, , PA3050–5660, ,

Greek literature Greek literature () dates back from the ancient Greek literature, beginning in 800 BC, to the modern Greek literature of today. Ancient Greek literature was written in an Ancient Greek dialect, literature ranges from the oldest surviving writte ...

, - , 890, , PN, ,

World literature World literature is used to refer to the total of the world's national literature and the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin. In the past, it primarily referred to the masterpieces of Western European lit ...

, - , 900, , G, ,

Geography Geography (from Greek: , ''geographia''. Combination of Greek words ‘Geo’ (The Earth) and ‘Graphien’ (to describe), literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, an ...

, - , 900, , D, ,

History History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

, - , 910, , G, ,

, - , 911, , G141, , Historical geography , - , 912, , GA, , Graphic representations of earth , - , 914, , G1791–2196, ,

Geography of Europe Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro-Eurasia); Asia occupies the eastern bulk of this continuous landmass and ...

, - , 915, , G2200–2444, ,

Geography of Asia Geography of Asia reviews geographical concepts of classifying Asia, the central and eastern part of Eurasia, comprising approximately fifty countries. Geographical characteristics Boundary The land mass of Asia is not the sum of the ...

, - , 916, , G2445–2739, , Geography of Africa , - , 917, , G1105–1692, ,

Geography of North America North America is the third largest continent, and is also a portion of the third largest supercontinent if North and South America are combined into the Americas and Africa, Europe, and Asia are considered to be part of one supercontinent called ...

, - , 918, , G1700–1779, , Geography of South America , - , 919, , G2740–2799, ,

Geography of Oceania Oceania (, , ) is a geographical region that includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Spanning the Eastern and Western hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of and a population of around 44.5 million as of ...

, - , 920, , CT , ,

Biography A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or ...

, - , 920, , CS , ,

Genealogy Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kin ...

, - , 920, , CR4480–4485, , Insignia , - , 930, , D51–90, , History of ancient world , - , 938, , DE, , History of the Greco-Roman World , - , 940, , DAW1031–1051, ,

History of Europe The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500 to AD 1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first ea ...

, - , 942, , DA, ,

History of Britain The British Isles have witnessed intermittent periods of competition and cooperation between the people that occupy the various parts of Great Britain, the Isle of Man, Ireland, the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the ...

, - , 943, , DD, , History of Germany , - , 943.6, , DB, , History of Austria and Liechtenstein , - , 943.9, , DB, , History of Hungary , - , 944, , DC, ,

History of France The first written records for the history of France appeared in the Iron Age. What is now France made up the bulk of the region known to the Romans as Gaul. The first writings on indigenous populations mainly start in the first century BC. Gree ...

, - , 945, , DG, , History of Italy , - , 946, , DP, , History of the

Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula (), ** * Aragonese and Occitan: ''Peninsula Iberica'' ** ** * french: Péninsule Ibérique * mwl, Península Eibérica * eu, Iberiar penintsula also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in southwestern Europe, def ...

, - , 947, , DJK, , History of Eastern Europe , - , 947, , DK , ,

History of Russia The history of Russia begins with the histories of the East Slavs. The traditional start-date of specifically Russian history is the establishment of the Rus' people, Rus' state in the north in 862, ruled by Varangians. Staraya Ladoga and Veli ...

, Soviet Union, and former Soviet republics. , - , 948, , DL , , History of Northern Europe; Scandinavia , - , 949.2, , DH, , History of the Netherlands , - , 949.3, , DH, , History of Belgium , - , 949.4, , DQ, , History of Switzerland , - , 949.5, , DF, , History of Greece , - , 949.6, , DR, , History of the Balkan Peninsula , - , 950, , DS, , General

history of Asia The history of Asia can be seen as the collective history of several distinct peripheral coastal regions such as East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Middle East linked by the interior mass of the Eurasian steppe. See History of the Mi ...

and Far East , - , 951, , DS701–799.9, ,

History of China The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC, from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC), during the reign of king Wu Ding. Ancient historical texts such as the '' Book of Documents'' (early chapt ...

, - , 952, , DS801–897, , History of Japan , - , 953, , DS201–248, , History of Arabian Peninsula (

History of Saudi Arabia The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1727 and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah. Pre-Islamic Arabia, the territory that constitutes modern Saudi ...

, etc.) , - , 954, , DS401–486.8, , History of India , - , 955, , DS251–326, ,

History of Iran The history of Iran is intertwined with the history of a larger region known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Step ...

(

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

) , - , 960, , DT, ,

History of Africa The history of Africa begins with the emergence of hominids, archaic humans and — around 300–250,000 years ago—anatomically modern humans (''Homo sapiens''), in East Africa, and continues unbroken into the present as a patchwork of d ...

, - , 961, , DT211–239, ,

History of Libya Libya's history covers its rich mix of ethnic groups added to the indigenous Berbers/Amazigh people. Amazigh have been present throughout the entire history of the country. For most of its history, Libya has been subjected to varying degrees of s ...

, - , 961, , DT241–269, ,

History of Tunisia The present day Republic of Tunisia, ''al-Jumhuriyyah at-Tunisiyyah'', is situated in Northern Africa. Geographically situated between Libya to the east, Algeria to the west and the Mediterranean Sea to the north. Tunis is the capital and th ...

, - , 962, , DT154.1–159.9, ,

History of Sudan The history of Sudan refers to both the territory of the Republic of the Sudan, including what became in 2011 the independent state of South Sudan. The territory of Sudan is geographically part of a larger African region, also known by the te ...

, - , 962, , DT43–154, ,

History of Egypt The history of Egypt has been long and wealthy, due to the flow of the Nile River with its fertile banks and delta, as well as the accomplishments of Egypt's native inhabitants and outside influence. Much of Egypt's ancient history was a myste ...

, - , 963, , DT371–390, ,

History of Ethiopia Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in Africa, the emergence of Ethiopian civilization dates back thousands of years. Due to migration and imperial expansion, it grew to include many other primarily Afro-Asiatic-speaking communities, includ ...

(Abyssinia) , - , 963, , DT391–398, ,

History of Eritrea "Eritrea" is an ancient name, associated in the past with its Greek form ''Erythraia'', Ἐρυθραία, and its derived Latin form ''Erythræa''. This name relates to that of the Red Sea, then called the ''Erythræan Sea'', from the Greek ...

, - , 965, , DT271–299, ,

History of Algeria Much of the history of Algeria has taken place on the fertile coastal plain of North Africa, which is often called the Maghreb (or Maghreb). North Africa served as a transit region for people moving towards Europe or the Middle East, thus, the ...

, - , 966, , DT470–671, ,

History of West Africa The history of West Africa has been divided into its prehistory, the Iron Age in Africa, the major polities flourishing, the colonial period, and finally the post-independence era, in which the current nations were formed. West Africa is west o ...

& offshore islands , - , 967, , DT?, ,

History of Central Africa Central Africa is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries according to different definitions. Angola, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo ...

& offshore islands , - , 968, , DT1701–2405, ,

History of South Africa The first modern humans are believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago. South Africa's prehistory has been divided into two phases based on broad patterns of technology namely the Stone Age and Iron Age. After the d ...

, - , 969, , DS349.8–349.9, , History of South Indian Ocean islands , - , 970, , F, ,

History of North America History of North America encompasses the past developments of people populating the continent of North America. While it was widely believed that continent first became a human habitat when people migrated across the Bering Sea 40,000 to 17,0 ...

, - , 971, , F1001–1145.2, ,

History of Canada The history of Canada covers the period from the arrival of the Paleo-Indians to North America thousands of years ago to the present day. Prior to History of colonialism, European colonization, the lands encompassing present-day Canada were inha ...

, - , 972, , F1421–1440, ,

History of Central America Central America is commonly said to include Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. This definition matches modern political borders. Central America begins geographically in Mexico, at the Isthmus of Tehuantep ...

, - , 972, , F1201–1392, ,

History of Mexico The written history of Mexico spans more than three millennia. First populated more than 13,000 years ago, central and southern Mexico (termed Mesoamerica) saw the rise and fall of complex indigenous civilizations. Mexico would later develop ...

, - , 973, , E, ,

History of United States History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

, - , 980, , F2201–3799, ,

History of South America The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, and traditions, passed down from generation to generation on the continent of South America. The continent continues to be home to indigeno ...

, - , 981, , F2501–2659, , History of Brazil , - , 982, , F2801–3021, ,

History of Argentina The history of Argentina can be divided into four main parts: the pre-Columbian time or early history (up to the sixteenth century), the colonial period (1536–1809), the period of nation-building (1810–1880), and the history of modern Argenti ...

, - , 983, , F3051–3285, ,

History of Chile The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BC. By the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors began to colonize the region of present-day Chile, and the territory was a colony between 1540 and 1818, when it gained independence from ...

, - , 984, , F3301–3359, ,

History of Bolivia After the fall of Tiwanaku Empire, the many Aymara Lake Titicaca was conquered by the Inca Empire. Prior to the Spanish conquest, the Andean province of Qullasuyu was a part of the Inca empire, while the northern and eastern lowlands were inhabi ...

, - , 985, , F3401–3619, ,

History of Peru The history of Peru spans 10 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development along the country's desert coastline and in the Andes mountains. Peru's coast was home to the Norte Chico civilization, the oldest civilization ...

, - , 987, , F2301–2349, ,

History of Venezuela The history of Venezuela reflects events in areas of the Americas colonized by Spain starting 1522; amid resistance from indigenous peoples, led by Native caciques, such as Guaicaipuro and Tamanaco. However, in the Andean region of western Vene ...

, - , 988, , F2351–2471, , History of Guiana , - , 990, , DU, , History of

Oceania Oceania (, , ) is a geographical region that includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Spanning the Eastern and Western hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of and a population of around 44.5 million ...

, - , 993, , DU400–430, ,

History of New Zealand The history of New Zealand ( Aotearoa) dates back to between 1320 and 1350 CE, when the main settlement period started, after it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture. Like other Pacific cultures, M� ...

, - , 994, , DU80–398, ,

History of Australia The history of Australia is the story of the land and peoples of the continent of Australia. People first arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 50,000 and 65,000 years ago, and penetrated to all part ...

, - , 995, , DU490, ,

History of Melanesia Melanesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It extends from Indonesia's New Guinea in the west to Fiji in the east, and includes the Arafura Sea. The region includes the four independent countries of Fiji, Vanu ...

, - , 995, , DU739–747, ,

History of New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torres ...

, - , 803, , AG, , Dictionaries and other general reference works , - , 069, , AM , , Museums. Collectors and collecting , - , 050 , , AP, , Periodicals , - , 060–068 , , AS , , Academies and learned societies , - , , 030 , , AY , , Yearbooks. Almanacs. Directories , - , , 001 , , AZ , , History of scholarship and learning. The humanities , - , 110–140 , , BD , , Speculative philosophy , - , 111.85 , , BH , , Aesthetics , - , 200 , , BL , , Mythology , - , 230 , , BT , , Doctrinal Theology , - , 240–260 , , BV , , Practical Theology , - , 280, , BX, , Christian Denominations , - , , , C, ,

Auxiliary Sciences of History Auxiliary (or ancillary) sciences of history are scholarly disciplines which help evaluate and use historical sources and are seen as auxiliary for historical research. Many of these areas of study, classification and analysis were originally deve ...

(General) , - , 909 , , CB, , History of Civilization , - , 930.1, , CC, , Archaeology , - , 929.1 – 929.3 , , CD, , Diplomatics. Archives. Seals , - , 529 , , CE, , Technical Chronology. Calendar , - , 737, , CJ, , Numismatics , - , 411.7 , , CN, , Inscriptions. Epigraphy , - , 929.6, , CR, , Heraldry , - , 909.0491497 , , DX, , History of Romanies , - , 551.4 , , GB, , Physical geography , - , 551.46 , , GC, , Oceanography , - , 333.7 , , GE, , Environmental Sciences , - , 304 , , GF, , Human ecology. Anthropogeography , - , 310 , , HA, , Social science statistics , - , 330.9 , , HC, , Economic history and conditions , - , 331–338 , , HD, , Industries. Land use. Labor , - , 649.1–641.7 , , HQ, , The family. Marriage. Women , - , , , HT, , Communities. Classes. Races , - , 364, , HV, , Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology , - , 335 , , HX, , Socialism. Communism. Anarchism , - , , , J, , General legislative and executive papers , - , 320, , JA, , Political science (General) , - , 320.5, , JC, , Political theory , - , , , JJ, , Political institutions and public administration (North America) , - , 320.973, , JK, , Political institutions and public administration (United States) , - , 320.971, , JL, , Political institutions and public administration (Canada, Latin America, etc.) , - , 320.94, , JN, , Political institutions and public administration (Europe) , - , 320.95–320.969, , JQ, , Political institutions and public administration (Asia, Africa, Australia, Pacific Area, etc.) , - , , , JV, , Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration , - , , , KB, , Religious law in general. Comparative religious law. Jurisprudence , - , , , KD, , Law of the United Kingdom, Ireland, America. North America , - , 340.971, , KE, , Law of Canada , - , 340.973, , KF, , Law of United States , - , , , KG, , Law of Latin America – Mexico and Central America/West Indies. Caribbean area , - , , , , KH, , Law of South America , - , 340.94, , KJ–KK, , Law of Europe , - , 340.95–340.969, , KL–KW, , Law of Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica , - , 370.9, , LA, , History of education , - , 370.1, , LB, , Theory and practice of education , - , , , LC, , Special aspects of education , - , 378.73–378.79 , , LD, , Individual educational institutions – United States , - , 378.8 , , LE, , Individual educational institutions – America (except United States) , - , 378.4 , , LF, , Individual educational institutions – Europe , - , 378.5–378.6 , , LG, , Individual educational institutions – Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean islands, Australia, New Zealand, Pacific islands , - , 378 , , LH, , College and school magazines and papers , - , , , LJ, , Student fraternities and societies, United States , - , , , LT, , Textbooks

References

Chart

See also

References