Admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet ...

William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk (10 April 1756 – 28 May 1831) was a British naval officer who served during the

American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...

French Revolutionary War The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted France against Britain, Austria, Pruss ...

, and

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fre ...

. While in command of HMS ''Monmouth'' he was caught in the

Nore Mutiny The Spithead and Nore mutinies were two major mutinies by sailors of the Royal Navy in 1797. They were the first in an increasing series of outbreaks of maritime radicalism in the Atlantic World. Despite their temporal proximity, the mutinies d ...

of 1797 and was the officer selected to relay the demands of the mutineers to

George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...

. He most notably served as third-in-command of the

Mediterranean Fleet The British Mediterranean Fleet, also known as the Mediterranean Station, was a formation of the Royal Navy. The Fleet was one of the most prestigious commands in the navy for the majority of its history, defending the vital sea link between t ...

at the

Battle of Trafalgar The Battle of Trafalgar (21 October 1805) was a naval engagement between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies during the War of the Third Coalition (August–December 1805) of the Napoleonic Wars (180 ...

in HMS ''Britannia''. He later became

Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom The Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom is a now honorary office generally held by a senior (possibly retired) Royal Navy admiral, though the current incumbent is a retired Royal Marine General. Despite the title, the Rear-Admiral of the Unite ...

and

Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth The Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth, was a senior commander of the Royal Navy for hundreds of years. Plymouth Command was a name given to the units, establishments, and staff operating under the admiral's command. Between 1845 and 1896, this offic ...

Early life

Carnegie was born in

Hampshire Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants) is a ceremonial county, ceremonial and non-metropolitan county, non-metropolitan counties of England, county in western South East England on the coast of the English Channel. Home to two major English citi ...

on 10 April 1756 as the second son of Admiral

George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk Admiral George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk (2 August 1716 – 22 January 1792) was born the son of David Carnegie, 4th Earl of Northesk and Lady Margaret Wemyss on 2 August 1716. A career naval officer, he fought in the War of the Austrian Suc ...

and his wife Lady Anne Leslie, eldest daughter of

Alexander Leslie, 5th Earl of Leven Alexander Melville (also Alexander Leslie), 5th Earl of Leven (28 May 1695 – 2 September 1754) was a Scottish aristocrat. Early life He was the son of David Melville, 3rd Earl of Leven (1660–1728) and Lady Anne Wemyss (1675–1702). His mo ...

.Breen, "Carnegie, William", ODNB

Naval career

Early career

Carnegie entered the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

in 1771 on board the

third-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a third rate was a ship of the line which from the 1720s mounted between 64 and 80 guns, typically built with two gun decks (thus the related term two-decker). Years of experience proved that the third r ...

HMS ''Albion''. Subsequently he served on the

frigate A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and ...

HMS ''Southampton'' in home waters, where he assisted in transporting the

Queen of Denmark The monarchy of Denmark is a constitutional institution and a historic office of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Kingdom includes Denmark proper and the autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The Kingdom of Denmark was a ...

across the

English Channel The English Channel, "The Sleeve"; nrf, la Maunche, "The Sleeve" (Cotentinais) or ( Jèrriais), (Guernésiais), "The Channel"; br, Mor Breizh, "Sea of Brittany"; cy, Môr Udd, "Lord's Sea"; kw, Mor Bretannek, "British Sea"; nl, Het Kana ...

, and in the

post ship Post ship was a designation used in the Royal Navy during the second half of the 18th century and the Napoleonic Wars to describe a ship of the sixth rate (see rating system of the Royal Navy) that was smaller than a frigate (in practice, carry ...

HMS ''Squirrel, in which he sailed for

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...

in 1774 while still a

midshipman A midshipman is an officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Canada (Naval Cadet), Australia, Bangladesh, Namibia, New Zealand, South Afr ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 895Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 1227 In early 1777 he was made an

acting Acting is an activity in which a story is told by means of its enactment by an actor or actress who adopts a character—in theatre, television, film, radio, or any other medium that makes use of the mimetic mode. Acting involves a broad r ...

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often sub ...

in HMS ''Nonsuch'' before being confirmed as a lieutenant on 7 December in HMS ''Apollo'' on the

North American Station The North America and West Indies Station was a formation or command of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy stationed in North American waters from 1745 to 1956. The North American Station was separate from the Jamaica Station until 1830 when the ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 928Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 199 Carnegie served on ''Apollo'' for just under two years before joining the flagship of Rear-Admiral Sir

John Lockhart-Ross Vice-Admiral Sir John Lockhart-Ross, 6th Baronet (11 November 1721 – 9 June 1790), known as John Lockhart from 1721 to 1760, was an officer of the Royal Navy who saw service during the War of the Austrian Succession, Seven Years' War, and the ...

, the

ship of the line A ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed during the Age of Sail from the 17th century to the mid-19th century. The ship of the line was designed for the naval tactic known as the line of battle, which depended on the two colu ...

HMS ''Royal George''. In ''Royal George'' he joined the fleet of Admiral Sir

George Rodney Admiral George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, KB ( bap. 13 February 1718 – 24 May 1792), was a British naval officer. He is best known for his commands in the American War of Independence, particularly his victory over the French at the ...

sent to relieve the

siege of Gibraltar There have been fourteen recorded sieges of Gibraltar. Although the peninsula of Gibraltar is only long and wide, it occupies an extremely strategic location on the southern Iberian coast at the western entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. It ...

. On their way towards Gibraltar the fleet fought the

action of 8 January 1780 The action of 8 January 1780 was a naval encounter off Cape Finisterre between a British Royal Naval fleet under Admiral Sir George Rodney, and a fleet of Spanish merchants sailing in convoy with seven warships of the Caracas Company, under th ...

, where they captured a large Spanish convoy. Carnegie subsequently participated in the Battle of Cape St. Vincent on 16 January which cleared the way for the British fleet, allowing them to successfully reach Gibraltar on 25 January. In early 1780 he joined the newly recommissioned HMS ''Sandwich'', flagship of Rodney, sailing for the

Leeward Islands Station The Leeward Islands Station originally known as the Commander-in-Chief at Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands was a formation or command of the Kingdom of Great Britain and then the United Kingdom's Royal Navy stationed at English Harbour, Antigua, L ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 142 On 17 April Carnegie was present during the Battle of Martinique where the twenty ships of the line of Rodney fought the twenty-three ships of the line of the Comte de Guichen.Trew, ''Rodney and the Breaking of the Line'', p. 59 While the battle itself was inconclusive, ''Sandwich'' fought alone against de Guichen's flagship ''Couronne'' and two of her consorts for an hour and a half, taking a great amount of damage.Trew, ''Rodney and the Breaking of the Line'', p. 64 For his service during the battle Carnegie was promoted to

commander Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countries this naval rank is termed frigate captain. ...

by Rodney, although his rank was only confirmed on 10 September. In January 1781 Carnegie assumed as his first command the

fire ship A fire ship or fireship, used in the days of wooden rowed or sailing ships, was a ship filled with combustibles, or gunpowder deliberately set on fire and steered (or, when possible, allowed to drift) into an enemy fleet, in order to destroy sh ...

HMS ''Blast''. In early 1782 he transferred commands to the 20-gun HMS ''Saint Eustatius'' which had been taken at the

capture of Sint Eustatius The Capture of Sint Eustatius took place in February 1781 during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War when British army and naval forces under Lieutenant-General Sir John Vaughan and Admiral George Rodney seized the Dutch-owned Caribbean island of Sint ...

, at which Carnegie was present.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 1349Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 1273

Post-Captain

On 7 April 1782 Carnegie was promoted to

post captain Post-captain is an obsolete alternative form of the rank of Captain (Royal Navy), captain in the Royal Navy. The term served to distinguish those who were captains by rank from: * Officers in command of a naval vessel, who were (and still are) ...

and given command of the frigate HMS ''Enterprise'' which had newly arrived on station in the

Leeward Islands french: Îles-Sous-le-Vent , image_name = , image_caption = ''Political'' Leeward Islands. Clockwise: Antigua and Barbuda, Guadeloupe, Saint kitts and Nevis. , image_alt = , locator_map = , location = Caribbean SeaNorth Atlantic Ocean , coor ...

from England.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 1090 On 4 October ''Enterprise'' captured the American 22-gun

privateer A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or deleg ...

''Mohawk'' off

Cape Ann Cape Ann is a rocky peninsula in northeastern Massachusetts, United States on the Atlantic Ocean. It is about northeast of Boston and marks the northern limit of Massachusetts Bay. Cape Ann includes the city of Gloucester and the towns of ...

, which was taken into service as HMS ''Mohawk''. At the end of the

in 1783, Carnegie sailed ''Enterprise'' to England where he paid her off in May 1784. With the Royal Navy at peace, Carnegie was left unemployed. His elder brother David died in 1788 leaving him his father's heir and holding the courtesy title of Lord Rosehill. In 1790 he briefly took command of the frigate HMS ''Heroine'' during the

Spanish Armament The Nootka Crisis, also known as the Spanish Armament, was an international incident and political dispute between the Nuu-chah-nulth Nation, the Spanish Empire, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the fledgling United States of America triggered b ...

, relinquishing command when that threat diminished. On 22 January 1792 Carnegie's father died, leaving him to inherit as Earl of Northesk. Carnegie continued his stint of brief frigate commands into 1793, taking command of HMS ''Beaulieu'' in January and sailing her to the Leeward Islands before returning to England later in the year in HMS ''Andromeda'' escorting a convoy.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 984Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 1017 His next true command was of the brand new 64-gun third rate HMS ''Monmouth'' from September 1796, with

Charles Bullen Admiral (Royal Navy), Admiral Sir Charles Bullen (10 September 1769 – 2 July 1853) was a highly efficient and successful naval officer who served in the Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary War, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars a ...

as his

first lieutenant First lieutenant is a commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces; in some forces, it is an appointment. The rank of lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations, but in most forces it is sub-divided into a s ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1793-1817'', p. 260Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 591 Carnegie and ''Monmouth'' were assigned to the

North Sea Fleet The Northern Theater Command Navy (), or the North Sea Fleet (NSF; ) is one of the three fleets of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, under the Northern Theater Command. In September 1950 the Qingdao Army Base was redesignated as a naval ...

of Admiral Adam Duncan the same year.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 200 On 12 May 1797 many ships of the fleet including ''Monmouth'' were at the

Nore The Nore is a long bank of sand and silt running along the south-centre of the final narrowing of the Thames Estuary, England. Its south-west is the very narrow Nore Sand. Just short of the Nore's easternmost point where it fades into the cha ...

when the

began. Carnegie was confined to his cabin by his mutinous crew, until 6 June when he was brought before the committee of delegates that the mutineers had set up on ''Sandwich''. Carnegie was selected by the committee to carry their terms to the king because of his reputation as a friend to seamen. While refusing to guarantee any success, Carnegie agreed to convey the terms and left the Nore for London. He took the mutineers' terms to

the Admiralty The Admiralty was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy until 1964, historically under its titular head, the Lord High Admiral – one of the Great Officers of State. For much of it ...

from where the

First Lord of the Admiralty The First Lord of the Admiralty, or formally the Office of the First Lord of the Admiralty, was the political head of the English and later British Royal Navy. He was the government's senior adviser on all naval affairs, responsible for the di ...

Lord Spencer took him to the king. The demands were rejected, and a different officer returned to the mutineers with the reply. Soon after the mutiny ended Carnegie resigned his command of ''Monmouth'' and thus missed the

Battle of Camperdown The Battle of Camperdown (known in Dutch as the ''Zeeslag bij Kamperduin'') was a major naval action fought on 11 October 1797, between the British North Sea Fleet under Admiral Adam Duncan and a Batavian Navy (Dutch) fleet under Vice-Admiral ...

. He stayed unemployed for four years. In October 1800 he was given command of the 98-gun

second-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns ...

HMS ''Prince'' in the

Channel Fleet The Channel Fleet and originally known as the Channel Squadron was the Royal Navy formation of warships that defended the waters of the English Channel from 1854 to 1909 and 1914 to 1915. History Throughout the course of Royal Navy's history the ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 169 He commanded ''Prince'' until she was paid off at the start of the

Peace of Amiens The Treaty of Amiens (french: la paix d'Amiens, ) temporarily ended hostilities between France and the United Kingdom at the end of the War of the Second Coalition. It marked the end of the French Revolutionary Wars; after a short peace it se ...

in April 1802. The Peace expired in May 1803 and Carnegie was given the 100-gun

first-rate In the rating system of the British Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a first rate was the designation for the largest ships of the line. Originating in the Jacobean era with the designation of Ships Royal capable of carrying at ...

HMS ''Britannia'' in June to again serve in the Channel Fleet of Admiral

William Cornwallis Admiral of the Red Sir William Cornwallis, (10 February 17445 July 1819) was a Royal Navy officer. He was the brother of Charles Cornwallis, the 1st Marquess Cornwallis, British commander at the siege of Yorktown. Cornwallis took part in a n ...

at the blockade of

Brest Brest may refer to: Places *Brest, Belarus **Brest Region **Brest Airport **Brest Fortress * Brest, Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria * Břest, Czech Republic *Brest, France ** Arrondissement of Brest **Brest Bretagne Airport ** Château de Brest *Br ...

.Winfield, ''British Warships 1714-1792'', p. 90 Towards the end of the year ''Britannia'' was stationed near the

Isle of Wight The Isle of Wight ( ) is a county in the English Channel, off the coast of Hampshire, from which it is separated by the Solent. It is the largest and second-most populous island of England. Referred to as 'The Island' by residents, the Isle of ...

to protect against possible invasion from France.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 201

Admiral

Carnegie was promoted to

rear-admiral Rear admiral is a senior naval flag officer rank, equivalent to a major general and air vice marshal and above that of a commodore and captain, but below that of a vice admiral. It is regarded as a two star "admiral" rank. It is often regarded ...

on 23 April 1804 as a

rear-admiral of the white The Rear-Admiral of the White was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Rear-admiral of the red (see order of precedence below). Royal Navy officers currently holding the ranks of commodore, ...

, keeping ''Britannia'' as his flagship and taking Charles Bullen as his

flag captain In the Royal Navy, a flag captain was the captain of an admiral's flagship. During the 18th and 19th centuries, this ship might also have a "captain of the fleet", who would be ranked between the admiral and the "flag captain" as the ship's "First ...

.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 202 He stayed on the Brest blockade until detached with Vice-Admiral

Robert Calder Admiral Sir Robert Calder, 1st Baronet, (2 July 174531 August 1818) was a British naval officer who served in the Seven Years' War, the American Revolutionary War, the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. For much of his career ...

and twenty ships of the line to reinforce the fleet of Vice-Admiral

Cuthbert Collingwood Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood (26 September 1748 – 7 March 1810) was an admiral of the Royal Navy, notable as a partner with Lord Nelson in several of the British victories of the Napoleonic Wars, and frequently as ...

Cádiz Cádiz (, , ) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the Province of Cádiz, one of eight that make up the autonomous community of Andalusia. Cádiz, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, ...

in August 1805, where the combined fleet of Admiral

Pierre-Charles Villeneuve Pierre-Charles-Jean-Baptiste-Silvestre de Villeneuve (31 December 1763 – 22 April 1806) was a French naval officer during the Napoleonic Wars. He was in command of the French and the Spanish fleets that were defeated by Nelson at the Bat ...

was sheltering.Lee, ''Nelson and Napoleon'', p. 283 By October Carnegie was third in command of the

commanded by Vice-Admiral

Lord Nelson Vice-admiral (Royal Navy), Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Duke of Bronte (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British people, British flag officer in the Royal Navy. His inspirational leadership, grasp of strate ...

off Cádiz. The combined fleet sailed on 18 October and the British fleet came up with them on 21 October to fight what would become the

.Schom, ''Trafalgar: Countdown to Battle'', pp. 301-6 Nelson looked to pierce the combined fleet with two columns and for this purpose ''Britannia'' was in the

windward Windward () and leeward () are terms used to describe the direction of the wind. Windward is ''upwind'' from the point of reference, i.e. towards the direction from which the wind is coming; leeward is ''downwind'' from the point of reference ...

column lead by Nelson in HMS ''Victory''. ''Britannia'' was a slow ship that did not sail well, and so Nelson ordered Carnegie to 'assume a station as most convenient' during the attack, allowing him the best chance to reach the battle on time.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 204 Later he was ordered to break through the enemy line behind their fourteenth ship, making ''Britannia'' the fourth ship of the windward column to join the action.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 205 Upon breaking the enemy line ''Britannia'' came up with and dismasted a French 80-gun ship, and then engaged three of the enemy ships attempting to attack ''Victory''.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', pp. 206-7 ''Britannia'' fought throughout the battle and received fifty-two casualties, of which ten were killed. After the battle was won the British began to secure their

prizes A prize is an award to be given to a person or a group of people (such as sporting teams and organizations) to recognize and reward their actions and achievements.

, but a large storm meant that many of the newly captured ships had to be abandoned; Carnegie ignored Collingwood's orders to leave the

prisoners of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held Captivity, captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold priso ...

on board the ship nearest to him, ''Intrépide'', and had ''Britannias boats rescue them all before

scuttling Scuttling is the deliberate sinking of a ship. Scuttling may be performed to dispose of an abandoned, old, or captured vessel; to prevent the vessel from becoming a navigation hazard; as an act of self destruct, self-destruction to prevent the s ...

the prize.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', p. 207 Carnegie continued in the fleet after the battle, having transferred his flag to the 98-gun second-rate HMS ''Dreadnought'', until March 1806.Tracy, ''Who's Who in Nelson's Navy'', p. 271. For his part in the battle, Carnegie was inducted into the

Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I of Great Britain, George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved Bathing#Medieval ...

on 5 June 1806.Syrett and DiNardo, ''Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy'', p. 333 He also received the thanks of the Houses of

Commons The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons ...

and Lords, and the

Corporation of London The City of London Corporation, officially and legally the Mayor and Commonalty and Citizens of the City of London, is the municipal governing body of the City of London, the historic centre of London and the location of much of the United King ...

among other organisations. Carnegie was promoted to vice-admiral on 28 April 1808 and

admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, ...

on 4 June 1814, but like many other participants at Trafalgar did not serve again during the war. He was granted the honorary position of

on 21 November 1821 and from 1827 to 1830 served as

.Fraser, ''History of the Carnegies'', p. 421.

Finance career

Carnegie served as the governor of the British Linen Company from 1800 to his death in 1831. The company held an important history in the economic development of Scotland, as it stimulated industrial investment in the production of linen and spinning factories across the rural Highlands and the East Coast. By the nineteenth century, the company had undergone a full transformation from a manufacturing company into a bank.Malcolm, ''British Linen Bank'', p. 202

Political career

In 1796 Carnegie, as Earl of Northesk, was elected to serve as one of the sixteen Scottish representatives in the

Parliament of Great Britain The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdo ...

. He subsequently took part in the parliaments of 1802, 1806, and 1830.Marshall, ''Royal Naval Biography'', pp. 200-1

Death

Carnegie died on 28 May 1831 in

Albemarle Street Albemarle Street is a street in Mayfair in central London, off Piccadilly. It has historic associations with Lord Byron, whose publisher John Murray was based here, and Oscar Wilde, a member of the Albemarle Club, where an insult he received ...

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

after a short illness, and was buried alongside Nelson and Collingwood in the crypt at

St Paul's Cathedral St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in London and is the seat of the Bishop of London. The cathedral serves as the mother church of the Diocese of London. It is on Ludgate Hill at the highest point of the City of London and is a Grad ...

, where his tomb and memorial slab can still be seen.Sinclair, ''Memorials of St Paul's'', pp. 453-4

Family

He married Mary Ricketts, only daughter of William Henry Ricketts and niece of Admiral of the Fleet Lord St Vincent, on 9 December 1788 in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

. They had nine children:Burke, ''Peerage and Baronetage'', p. 744 Arms of the 7th to 9th Earls of Northesk

*Mary Carnegie (3 October 1789–7 March 1875) married Walter Long of Preshaw in 1810 *Midshipman George Carnegie, Lord Rosehill (3 November 1791–February 1807), lost in HMS ''Blenheim'' *Anne Letitia Carnegie (10 July 1793–25 February 1870) * William Hopetoun Carnegie, 8th Earl of Northesk (6 October 1794–5 December 1878) *Elizabeth Margaret Carnegie (15 May 1797–12 April 1886) married General Frederick Rennell Thackeray in 1825 and had eight childrenVetch, "Thackeray, Frederick Rennell", ODNB *Jane Christian Carnegie (14 November 1800 – 1 October 1840) *John Jervis Carnegie (8 July 1807–18 January 1892) *Georgina Henrietta Carnegie (2 August 1811–7 November 1827) *Admiral Swynfen Thomas Carnegie (8 March 1813–20 November 1879)

Notes and citations

Notes

Citations

References

* * Burke, John (1846) ''A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire.'' London: Henry Colburn. * Fraser, William (1867). ''History of the Carnegies, Earls of Southesk, and of their Kindred. Vol. II.'' Edinburgh: Private. * * Malcolm, Charles A (1950) ''The History of the British Linen Bank.'' Edinburgh: T & A Constable Ltd. * Marshall, John (1823) ''Royal Naval Biography: or, Memoirs of the Services of all the Flag-Officers, Superannuated Rear-Admirals, Retired-Captains, Post-Captains, and Commanders Volume 1 - Part 1.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. * Sinclair, William Macdonald (1913) ''Memorials of St Paul's Cathedral.'' London: Chapman and Hall. * * Syrett, David and R.L. DiNardo (1994) ''The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815.'' Aldershot: Scholar Press. * Tracy, Nicholas (2006) ''Who's Who in Nelson's Navy.'' London: Chatham Publishing, * Trew, Peter (2006) ''Rodney and the Breaking of the Line.'' Barnsley: Pen & Sword Books. * * *

External links

* * , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Northesk, William Carnegie, 7th Earl Of 1756 births 1831 deaths Royal Navy admirals Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars British naval commanders of the Napoleonic Wars William 7 Burials at St Paul's Cathedral Scottish representative peers Younger sons of earls