The Trypetheliales are an

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the class

Dothideomycetes Dothideomycetes is the largest and most diverse class of ascomycete fungi. It comprises 11 orders 90 families, 1300 genera and over 19,000 known species. Traditionally, most of its members were included in the loculoascomycetes, which is not par ...

. Most of the species in the order form

lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.lichenicolous fungi A lichenicolous fungus is a parasitic fungus that only lives on lichen as the host. A lichenicolous fungus is not the same as the fungus that is the component of the lichen, which is known as a lichenized fungus. They are most commonly specific to ...

. Trypetheliales contains two families, Polycoccaceae and

Trypetheliaceae The Trypetheliaceae are a family of mainly lichen-forming fungi in the order Trypetheliales. Genera *'' Alloarthopyrenia'' – 1 sp. *''Aptrootia'' – 3 spp. *'' Architrypethelium'' – 8 spp. *''Astrothelium'' – ca. 275 spp. *'' Bathel ...

. The order was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

in 2008 by lichenologists

Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist. He is a leading expert on foliicolous lichens–lichens that live on leaves. Life and career Born in Ulm in 1964, Lücking earned both his master's (1990) and PhD degree (1994) at the Univer ...

André Aptroot André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. In 1993 he did his PhD at the University of Utrecht under the supervision of Robbert Gradstein (nl). His dissertation was titled "Systematic studies on pyrenocarpous li ...

, and

Harrie Sipman Henricus (Harrie) Johannes Maria Sipman (born 1945) is a Dutch lichenologist. He specialises in tropical and subtropical lichens, and has authored or co-authored more than 250 scientific publications. He was the curator of the lichen herbarium ...

Families and genera

Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Mi ...

accepts 2 families, 25 genera, and 478 species in the Trypetheliales. * Polycoccaceae ::'' Clypeococcum'' – ca. 10 spp. ::'' Polycoccum'' – ca. 60 spp. *

::'' Alloarthopyrenia'' – 1 sp. ::''

Aptrootia ''Aptrootia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. It has three species. The genus was circumscribed by Robert Lücking and Harrie Sipman in 2007, with ''Aptrootia terricola'' assigned as the type species. This species, originally ...

'' – 3 spp. ::''

Architrypethelium ''Architrypethelium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1991 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, with '' A. seminudum'' assigned as the type species. It is a segregate of ge ...

'' – 8 spp. ::''

Astrothelium ''Astrothelium'' is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichens in the family Trypetheliaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1824 by German botanist Franz Gerhard Eschweiler, with '' Astrothelium conicum'' assigned as the type species. ...

'' – ca. 275 spp. ::''

Bathelium ''Bathelium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius, with '' Bathelium mastoideum'' assigned as the type species. Species *'' Bathelium albid ...

'' – 16 spp. ::'' Bogoriella'' – 29 spp. ::'' Buscalionia'' – 1 sp. ::'' Constrictolumina'' – 9 spp. ::''

Dictyomeridium ''Dictyomeridium'' is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens in the family Trypetheliaceae. It has eight species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot, Matthew Nelson, and Robert Lüc ...

'' – 7 spp. ::'' Distothelia'' – 3 spp. ::''

Laurera ''Laurera'' is a genus of fungi within the Trypetheliaceae family. Species It was known to have nearly 50 species at one point in time, but most have these have become synonyms for other species, within the ''Astrothelium ''Astrothelium'' is ...

'' – 2 spp. ::'' Marcelaria'' – 3 spp. ::'' Musaespora'' – 2 spp. ::'' Mycomicrothelia'' – 8 spp. ::''

Nigrovothelium ''Nigrovothelium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. It has three species. The genus was circumscribed in 2016 by lichenologists Robert Lücking, Matthew Nelsen, and André Aptroot, to contain species formerly in ...

'' – 3 spp. ::'' Novomicrothelia'' – 1 sp. ::''

Polymeridium ''Polymeridium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. The genus was originally circumscribed as a section of the genus '' Arthopyrenia'' by Swiss lichenologist Johannes Müller Argoviensis Johann Müller (9 May 1828 - 28 January ...

'' – 51 spp. ::'' Polypyrenula'' – 1 sp. ::''

Pseudopyrenula ''Pseudopyrenula'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae The Trypetheliaceae are a family of mainly lichen-forming fungi in the order Trypetheliales. Genera *'' Alloarthopyrenia'' – 1 sp. *''Aptrootia'' – 3 ...

'' – 21 spp. ::''

Trypethelium ''Trypethelium'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. The widespread genus contains about 50 species that are predominantly found in tropical areas. ''Trypethelium'' was circumscribed by German botanist Kurt Polycarp Joa ...

'' – 16 spp. ::'' Viridothelium'' – 11 spp.

References

* Ascomycota orders Lichen orders Taxa described in 2008 Taxa named by André Aptroot Taxa named by Robert Lücking Taxa named by Harrie Sipman {{Dothideomycetes-stub