is a Japanese

animation Animation is a method by which still figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most ani ...

studio founded by Eiko Tanaka and Koji Morimoto in 1986. The name comes from the temperature at which water is most dense.

History

Studio 4 °C has produced numerous feature films, OVAs, and shorts. Early film titles include '' Memories'' (1995), '' Spriggan'' (1998), and ''

Princess Arete (also ''Princess Arite'') is a 2001 Japanese animated film written and directed by Sunao Katabuchi, animated and produced by Studio 4°C and distributed by Omega Entertainment. It is based on Diana Coles's 1983 story ''The Clever Princess''. T ...

'' (2001). In 2003, through a joint production with Warner Bros., Studio 4 °C created five segments of '' The Animatrix''. The following year, they created the award-winning avant-garde film ''

Mind Game Playing mind games (also power games or head games) is the largely conscious struggle for psychological one-upmanship, often employing passive–aggressive behavior to specifically demoralize or dis-empower the thinking subject, making the ag ...

''. Studio 4 °C's next film '' Tekkon Kinkreet'' (2006), won six awards, including Best Animated Film at the Fantasia 2007, Lancia Platinum Grand Prize at the Future Film Festival, and Japan Academy Prize for Animation of the Year. It was also submitted for 2007 Oscar in Animated Feature Film category of Academy Award in USA. The year 2007 saw the release of the anthology film ''

Genius Party are two anthology films made up of 12 short animated films from Studio 4°C. It was envisioned to form a single release. Releases The first volume, containing seven shorts and entitled ''Genius Party'', was released on July 7, 2007. The secon ...

'', a collection of seven short films. '' Genius Party Beyond'', a collection of five short films, was released the following year, as was ''Batman''s side story '' Gotham Knight'', and the OVA series '' Detroit Metal City''. The following year ''

First Squad ''First Squad: The Moment of Truth'' ( ja, ファーストスクワッド ''Fāsuto sukuwaddo'', russian: Пе́рвый отря́д, translit=Perviy otryad) is a joint animation project of Japan's Studio 4°C and Russia's Molot Entertainment. ...

: The Moment of Truth'' was awarded at the

Moscow International Film Festival The Moscow International Film Festival (russian: Моско́вский междунаро́дный кинофестива́ль, translit. ''Moskóvskiy myezhdunaródniy kinofyestivál''; abbreviated as MIFF) is the film festival first h ...

. In February 2010, they contributed two shorts to the anthology '' Halo Legends'': "Origins", and "The Babysitter".

Works

Feature films

*'' Memories'' (1995) *'' Spriggan'' (1998) *''

'' (2001) *''

'' (2004) *''

Tekkonkinkreet , also known as ''Black & White'', is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Taiyō Matsumoto, originally serialized from 1993 to 1994 in Shogakukan's ''seinen'' manga magazine ''Big Comic Spirits''. The story takes place in th ...

'' (2006) *'' First Squad: The Moment of Truth'' (2009) *'' Berserk: Golden Age Arc'' **'' The Egg of the King'' (2012) **'' The Battle for Doldrey'' (2012) **''

The Advent The Advent is a British electronic music act. It was founded in 1993 by Cisco Ferreira and Colin McBean. Soon after leaving school, Ferreira began working as an engineer at Jack Trax Records, a job which enabled him to glimpse first-hand the wor ...

'' (2013) *'' Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox'' (2013) *''

Harmony In music, harmony is the process by which individual sounds are joined together or composed into whole units or compositions. Often, the term harmony refers to simultaneously occurring frequencies, pitches ( tones, notes), or chords. Howeve ...

'' (2015, part of the

Project Itoh , real name , was a Japanese science fiction writer and essayist. History Itō was born in Tokyo and graduated from the Department of Imaging Arts and Sciences at Musashino Art University. While working as a web designer, he wrote ''Genocidal Or ...

trilogy) *'' Mutafukaz'' (2017, with Ankama Animations) *'' Children of the Sea'' (2019) *'' Poupelle of Chimney Town'' (2020) *'' Fortune Favors Lady Nikuko'' (2021)

TV series

*''

Macross 7 is an anime television series. It is a sequel to the show '' The Super Dimension Fortress Macross'' that takes place many years after the events of the first series following a cast of mostly new characters. The show ran from October 16, ...

'' (1994, opening animation) *''Piroppo'' (2001) *''

Tweeny Witches A between maid (nickname tweeny, also called hall girl particularly in the United States) was a female junior domestic worker in a large household with many staff. The position became largely defunct in the 20th century, as few households needed o ...

'' (2004) *'' Kimagure Robot'' (2004) *''

Ani*Kuri15 is a series of fifteen 1-minute shorts broadcast by NHK between May 2007 and 2008. Intended as companion pieces to the ''Ani*Kuri'' program and as filler between regularly scheduled programs, the shorts were broadcast in three seasons of 5 epi ...

'' (2007) *'' ThunderCats'' (2011) (co-produced with Warner Bros. Animation) *''Chiisana Hana no Uta'' (2013) *''Phoenix: Eden17'' (2023) *''SWAT Kats: Revolution'' (TBA) (co-produced with Warner Bros. Animation and Toonz Entertainment)

OVA

*'' Noiseman Sound Insect'' (1997) *''

Eternal Family is a 1997 OVA directed by Koji Morimoto and released by Japanese animation studio, Studio 4°C. The film is about the daily life of a group of six very different strangers who, for scientific purposes, are brainwashed into believing that the ...

'' (1997) *''Uraroji Diamond'' (2000) *'' The Animatrix'' – "

Kid's Story is a 2003 adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis. The film details through nine animated short films the backstory of ''The Matrix'' film series, including the original war between humanity and machines which l ...

", "

The Second Renaissance is a 2003 adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis. The film details through nine animated short films the backstory of ''The Matrix'' film series, including the original war between humanity and machines which ...

", "

Beyond Beyond may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Beyond'' (1921 film), an American silent film * ''Beyond'' (2000 film), a Danish film directed by Åke Sandgren, OT: ''Dykkerne'' * ''Beyond'' (2010 film), a Swedish film directed ...

", " A Detective Story" (2003) *''Hijikata Toshizo: Shiro no Kiseki'' (2004) *''Tweeny Witches: The Adventures'' (2007) *'' Batman: Gotham Knight'' (2008) **'' Have I Got A Story For You'' **'' Working Through Pain'' *'' Detroit Metal City'' (2008) *''Street Fighter IV – The Ties That Bind'' (2009) *'' Halo Legends'' (2010) **''The Babysitter'' **''Origins'' *'' Green Lantern: Emerald Knights'' (2011) *''Kuro no Sumika - Chronus -'' (

Young Animator Training Project The is an annual project launched in 2010, and funded by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs in order to support training animators. The project culminates in a series of anime shorts produced by various animation studios each ye ...

, 2014)

Music videos

Ken Ishii is a Japanese DJ and record producer from Sapporo. He graduated from Hitotsubashi University. He has released work under his own name as well as under the pseudonyms: FLR, Flare, UTU, Yoga, and Rising Sun. Strongly influenced by Detroit techn ...

– "Extra" (1996) *

The Bluetones The Bluetones are an English indie rock band, formed in Hounslow, Greater London, in 1993. The band's members are Mark Morriss on vocals, Adam Devlin on guitar, Mark's brother Scott Morriss on bass guitar, and Eds Chesters on drums. A fifth m ...

– "Four Day Weekend" (1998) * Glay – "Survival" (1999) *"Brand New Day" (ミュージッククリップ「BRAND NEW DAY」監督：新井浩一) (2001, Unreleased) *

Ayumi Hamasaki is a Japanese singer, songwriter, record producer, actress, model, spokesperson, and entrepreneur. By 2002, Hamasaki had earned the nickname "Empress of J-pop" due to her popularity in Japan and throughout Asia. Due to her success and relevanc ...

– "Connected" (2002) * Ligalize – "Pervyi Otryad" ("First Squad") (2005) *

Hikaru Utada , who is also known by the mononym Utada, is a Japanese-American pop singer, songwriter and producer. By 2010, Utada had become one of the most influential, and best-selling, musical artists in Japan. Born in the United States to Japanese parent ...

- "Fluximation" (2005) (for ''

Exodus Exodus or the Exodus may refer to: Religion * Book of Exodus, second book of the Hebrew Torah and the Christian Bible * The Exodus, the biblical story of the migration of the ancient Israelites from Egypt into Canaan Historical events * E ...

'') *Hikaru Utada – "Passion" (2006) (

Square Enix is a Japanese multinational holding company, production enterprise and entertainment conglomerate, best known for its ''Final Fantasy'', ''Dragon Quest'', ''Star Ocean'' and ''Kingdom Hearts'' role-playing video game franchises, among numerous ...

's ''

Kingdom Hearts II is a 2005 action role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix in collaboration with Disney Interactive Studios, Buena Vista Games for the PlayStation 2 video game console. The game is a sequel to ''Kingdom Hearts (video game), King ...

'' Theme song)

Short films

*''Gondora'' (1998) *'' Digital Juice'' (2001) *''Jigen Loop'' (2001) *'' Sweat Punch'' (5 short films, 2001–2002. Collected and released on DVD in 2007) – "Professor Dan Petory's Blues", "End of the World", "

Comedy Comedy is a genre of fiction that consists of discourses or works intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, film, stand-up comedy, television, radio, books, or any other entertainment medium. The term o ...

", "Beyond", and "Junk Town". *''Amazing Nuts! Part 1 – Global Astroliner'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 2 – Glass Eyes'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 3 – Kung Fu Love – Even If You Become the Enemy of the World'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 4 – Joe and Marilyn'' (2006) *'' Tamala's "Wild Party"'' (2007) *''

'' (July 7, 2007) A collection of 7 short films *'' Genius Party Beyond'' (February 15, 2008) A collection of 5 short films *''The Babysitter'' (2009) A '' Halo Legends'' short portraying the relationship between the Spartans and the ODSTs *'' My Last Day'' (2011) – Created in association with The JESUS Film Project, Brethren Entertainment, and Barry Cook *'' Kid Icarus: Uprising'' – " Medusa's Revenge" (2012) – Promotional short for '' Kid Icarus: Uprising'' video game *''Drive Your Heart'' (2013) Spin-off to ''PES-peace eco smile'', short film produced to advertise

Toyota is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on . Toyota is one of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world, producing about 10 ...

*'' Tuzuki: Love Assassin'' (2014) *''Turnover'' (2015) adaptation from the manga of the same name, for advertising purpose for Benesse *''Kanjo ga Kanji o Sukina Riyū'' Part 1 and Part 2 (2015) *''Red Ash: Gearworld'' (2017)

Video games

*'' Ace Combat 04: Shattered Skies'' (2001) *'' Tube Slider'' (2003) *''

Summon Night 3 is the third main entry in the ''Summon Night'' series of video games. The game was initially developed by Flight-Plan and released by Banpresto for the PlayStation 2 in 2003. The game was later remade for the PlayStation Portable in 2012. Both v ...

'' (2003) *'' Ape Escape: Pumped & Primed'' (2004) *'' Ace Combat 5: The Unsung War'' (2004) *''

Rogue Galaxy ''Rogue Galaxy'' is an action role-playing video game developed by Level-5 and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. The game was released in Japan in December 2005, in North America in January 2007, and in most Europea ...

'' (2005) *''

Lunar Knights ''Lunar Knights'', known in Japan as and abbreviated ''Boktai DS'', is an action role-playing video game, the fourth title in the '' Boktai'' series of video games developed by Kojima Productions and announced at E3 2006. The game was reva ...

'' (2006) *'' Jeanne D'Arc'' (2006) *'' Ace Combat X: Skies of Deception'' (2006) *'' Street Fighter IV'' (2008) *'' .hack//Link'' (2010) *''Zack & Ombra: The Phantom Amusement Park'' (2010) *'' Catherine'' (2011) *'' Hard Corps: Uprising'' (2011) *'' Asura's Wrath'' (2012) *''

Toukiden is an action role-playing game developed by Omega Force for the PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita. It was released on June 27, 2013 in Japan. Tecmo Koei Games showcased the PlayStation Vita version of the game at E3 2013, and released ...

'' (2013) *'' Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE'' (2015) *''Guardian's Violation'' (2015) *'' Doodle Champion Island Games'' (2021)

Commercials

* Nike –

LeBron James LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed "King James", he is widely considered one of the greatest p ...

In ''Chamber of Fear (Self Doubt)'' (2004) * Honda Edix presents Edix Six – ''kiro'' (2006)

Other

*''

Kamikaze Girls ''Kamikaze Girls'', originally released in Japan as , is a 2002 Japanese light novel written by Novala Takemoto. The story centers on the friendship between two students named Momoko Ryugasaki and Ichigo "Ichiko" Shirayuri. These two are from ...

'' (2004) – Animated segment *'' Lincoln'' (2005) – Opening animation and character designs *''

Kurosagi is a Japanese manga written by Takeshi Natsuhara and illustrated by Kuromaru. The series is about a boy named Kurosaki who swindles only other professional swindlers known as . The series was adapted as an 11-episode TV drama that was ai ...

'' (2006) – Opening animation *''Donju'' (2009) – Animated segment * '' My Last Day'' (2011) – A short Easter anime

Campus Crusade for Christ Cru (until 2011 known as Campus Crusade for Christ—informally "Campus Crusade" or simply "crusade"—or CCC) is an interdenominational Christian parachurch organization. It was founded in 1951 at the University of California, Los Angeles by ...

* ''PES-peace eco smile'' (2012) – Series of shorts produced to advertise

* '' The Amazing World of Gumball'' (2016) – ''

Dragon Ball is a Japanese media franchise created by Akira Toriyama in 1984. The Dragon Ball (manga), initial manga, written and illustrated by Toriyama, was serialized in ''Weekly Shōnen Jump'' from 1984 to 1995, with the 519 individual chapters colle ...

'' manga-style flashback sequence and '' Kill la Kill''-style fight sequence between Nicole and Masami's mother, Yuki for the season four episode "The Fury" * '' Doodle Champion Island Games'' (2021) –

Google Doodle A Google Doodle is a special, temporary alteration of the logo on Google's homepages intended to commemorate holidays, events, achievements, and notable historical figures. The first Google Doodle honored the 1998 edition of the long-running an ...

* '' Ballmastrz: Rubicon'' (2023) — A TV special

References

External links

* *
Interview with Yukie Saeki of 4°C on ''Shining Force Neos 2D animation
{{DEFAULTSORT:Studio 4C Animation studios in Tokyo Japanese animation studios Mass media companies established in 1986 Japanese companies established in 1986