is a Japanese

animation Animation is a method by which image, still figures are manipulated to appear as Motion picture, moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent cel, celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited ...

studio founded by

Eiko Tanaka is the chief executive officer and the president of STUDIO4°C, an animation studio she founded in 1986. Tanaka is also the chief executive officer of a producing company called Beyond C. Eiko Tanaka was an animation producer on '' TEKKON KINKR ...

and

Koji Morimoto Koji, Kōji, Kohji or Kouji may refer to: *Kōji (given name), a masculine Japanese given name *Kōji (Heian period) (康治), Japanese era, 1142–1144 *Kōji (Muromachi period) (弘治), Japanese era, 1555–1558 *Koji orange, a Japanese citrus ...

in 1986. The name comes from the temperature at which water is most dense.

History

Studio 4 °C has produced numerous feature films,

OVA , abbreviated as OVA and sometimes as OAV (original animation video), are Japanese animated films and series made specially for release in home video formats without prior showings on television or in theaters, though the first part of an OVA s ...

s, and shorts. Early film titles include ''

Memories Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed. It is the retention of information over time for the purpose of influencing future action. If past events could not be remembered, ...

'' (1995), ''

Spriggan A spriggan is a legendary creature from Cornish mythology, Cornish folklore. Spriggans are particularly associated with West Penwith in Cornwall. Etymology ''Spriggan'' is a dialect word, pronounced with the grapheme as /d͡ʒ/, sprid-jan, ...

'' (1998), and ''

Princess Arete (also ''Princess Arite'') is a 2001 Japanese animated film written and directed by Sunao Katabuchi, animated and produced by Studio 4°C and distributed by Omega Entertainment. It is based on Diana Coles's 1983 story ''The Clever Princess''. Th ...

'' (2001). In 2003, through a joint production with Warner Bros., Studio 4 °C created five segments of ''

The Animatrix is a 2003 adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis. The film details through nine animated short films the backstory of ''The Matrix'' film series, including the original war between humanity and machines which l ...

''. The following year, they created the award-winning avant-garde film ''

Mind Game Playing mind games (also power games or head games) is the largely conscious struggle for psychological one-upmanship, often employing passive–aggressive behavior to specifically demoralize or dis-empower the thinking subject, making the ag ...

''. Studio 4 °C's next film ''

Tekkon Kinkreet , also known as ''Black & White'', is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Taiyō Matsumoto, originally serialized from 1993 to 1994 in Shogakukan's ''seinen'' manga magazine ''Big Comic Spirits''. The story takes place in th ...

'' (2006), won six awards, including Best Animated Film at the Fantasia 2007, Lancia Platinum Grand Prize at the Future Film Festival, and Japan Academy Prize for Animation of the Year. It was also submitted for 2007 Oscar in Animated Feature Film category of Academy Award in USA. The year 2007 saw the release of the anthology film ''

Genius Party are two anthology films made up of 12 short animated films from Studio 4°C. It was envisioned to form a single release. Releases The first volume, containing seven shorts and entitled ''Genius Party'', was released on July 7, 2007. The secon ...

'', a collection of seven short films. '' Genius Party Beyond'', a collection of five short films, was released the following year, as was ''Batman''s side story '' Gotham Knight'', and the OVA series ''

Detroit Metal City is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kiminori Wakasugi. It was serialized in Hakusensha's ''seinen'' manga magazine ''Young Animal'' from September 2005 to April 2010, with its chapters collected in ten ''tankōbon'' volume ...

''. The following year '' First Squad: The Moment of Truth'' was awarded at the

Moscow International Film Festival The Moscow International Film Festival (russian: Моско́вский междунаро́дный кинофестива́ль, translit. ''Moskóvskiy myezhdunaródniy kinofyestivál''; abbreviated as MIFF) is the film festival first h ...

. In February 2010, they contributed two shorts to the anthology ''

Halo Legends ''Halo Legends'' is a collection of 7 short films set in the ''Halo'' universe. Financed by the franchise's overseer 343 Industries, the stories were created by six Japanese anime production houses: Bee Train, Bones, Casio Entertainment, Product ...

'': "Origins", and "The Babysitter".

Works

Feature films

*''

'' (1995) *''

'' (1998) *''

'' (2001) *''

'' (2004) *''

Tekkonkinkreet , also known as ''Black & White'', is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Taiyō Matsumoto, originally serialized from 1993 to 1994 in Shogakukan's ''seinen'' manga magazine ''Big Comic Spirits''. The story takes place in the ...

'' (2006) *'' First Squad: The Moment of Truth'' (2009) *'' Berserk: Golden Age Arc'' **'' The Egg of the King'' (2012) **'' The Battle for Doldrey'' (2012) **''

The Advent The Advent is a British electronic music act. It was founded in 1993 by Cisco Ferreira and Colin McBean. Soon after leaving school, Ferreira began working as an engineer at Jack Trax Records, a job which enabled him to glimpse first-hand the wor ...

'' (2013) *'' Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox'' (2013) *''

Harmony In music, harmony is the process by which individual sounds are joined together or composed into whole units or compositions. Often, the term harmony refers to simultaneously occurring frequencies, pitches ( tones, notes), or chords. However ...

'' (2015, part of the

Project Itoh , real name , was a Japanese science fiction writer and essayist. History Itō was born in Tokyo and graduated from the Department of Imaging Arts and Sciences at Musashino Art University. While working as a web designer, he wrote ''Genocidal Or ...

trilogy) *''

Mutafukaz is a 2017 French-Japanese adult animated science fiction film based on the comic series and the short film of the same name. The film was a French- Japanese co-production between Ankama Animations and Studio 4°C and is directed by Shōjirō Ni ...

'' (2017, with Ankama Animations) *'' Children of the Sea'' (2019) *'' Poupelle of Chimney Town'' (2020) *'' Fortune Favors Lady Nikuko'' (2021)

TV series

*''

Macross 7 is an anime television series. It is a sequel to the show ''The Super Dimension Fortress Macross'' that takes place many years after the events of the first series following a cast of mostly new characters. The show ran from October 16, 1 ...

'' (1994, opening animation) *''Piroppo'' (2001) *''

Tweeny Witches A between maid (nickname tweeny, also called hall girl particularly in the United States) was a female junior domestic worker in a large household with many staff. The position became largely defunct in the 20th century, as few households needed ...

'' (2004) *'' Kimagure Robot'' (2004) *''

Ani*Kuri15 is a series of fifteen 1-minute shorts broadcast by NHK between May 2007 and 2008. Intended as companion pieces to the ''Ani*Kuri'' program and as filler between regularly scheduled programs, the shorts were broadcast in three seasons of 5 epi ...

'' (2007) *'' ThunderCats'' (2011) (co-produced with

Warner Bros. Animation Warner Bros. Animation Inc. is an American animation studio which is part of the Warner Bros. Television Studios division of Warner Bros., a flagship of Warner Bros. Discovery. As the successor to Warner Bros. Cartoons, which was active from 1 ...

) *''Chiisana Hana no Uta'' (2013) *''Phoenix: Eden17'' (2023) *''SWAT Kats: Revolution'' (TBA) (co-produced with

and

Toonz Entertainment Toonz is a 2D animation software program. The base application is currently managed by Dwango (company), Dwango as free and open-source software, open-source software under the name OpenToonz. An extended commercial variant for professional ind ...

)

OVA

*''

Noiseman Sound Insect is a short anime film directed by Koji Morimoto, with production by Studio 4°C and music by Yoko Kanno featuring a young Crystal Kay Williams singing the ending theme. The work is in Japanese and contains music and dialogue that are intricate ...

'' (1997) *'' Eternal Family'' (1997) *''Uraroji Diamond'' (2000) *''

'' – " Kid's Story", "

The Second Renaissance is a 2003 adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis. The film details through nine animated short films the backstory of ''The Matrix'' film series, including the original war between humanity and machines which l ...

", "

Beyond Beyond may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Beyond'' (1921 film), an American silent film * ''Beyond'' (2000 film), a Danish film directed by Åke Sandgren, OT: ''Dykkerne'' * ''Beyond'' (2010 film), a Swedish film directed b ...

", "

A Detective Story is a 2003 Adult animation, adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis. The film details through nine animated short, animated short films the backstory of The Matrix (franchise), ''The Matrix'' film series, includin ...

" (2003) *''Hijikata Toshizo: Shiro no Kiseki'' (2004) *''Tweeny Witches: The Adventures'' (2007) *'' Batman: Gotham Knight'' (2008) **'' Have I Got A Story For You'' **'' Working Through Pain'' *''

'' (2008) *''Street Fighter IV – The Ties That Bind'' (2009) *''

'' (2010) **''The Babysitter'' **''Origins'' *'' Green Lantern: Emerald Knights'' (2011) *''Kuro no Sumika - Chronus -'' ( Young Animator Training Project, 2014)

Music videos

Ken Ishii is a Japanese Disc_jockey, DJ and record producer from Sapporo. He graduated from Hitotsubashi University. He has released work under his own name as well as under the pseudonyms: FLR, Flare, UTU, Yoga, and Rising Sun. Strongly influenced by De ...

– "Extra" (1996) *

The Bluetones The Bluetones are an English indie rock band, formed in Hounslow, Greater London, in 1993. The band's members are Mark Morriss on vocals, Adam Devlin on guitar, Mark's brother Scott Morriss on bass guitar, and Eds Chesters on drums. A fifth me ...

– "Four Day Weekend" (1998) *

Glay Glay (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese rock band, formed in Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan, in 1988. Glay primarily composes songs in the rock and pop genres, but they have also arranged songs using elements from a wide variety of genres, includi ...

– "Survival" (1999) *"Brand New Day" (ミュージッククリップ「BRAND NEW DAY」監督：新井浩一) (2001, Unreleased) *

Ayumi Hamasaki is a Japanese singer, songwriter, record producer, actress, model, spokesperson, and entrepreneur. By 2002, Hamasaki had earned the nickname "Empress of J-pop" due to her popularity in Japan and throughout Asia. Due to her success and relevanc ...

– "Connected" (2002) *

Ligalize Andrey Vladimirovich Menshikov (russian: Андре́й Влади́мирович Ме́ньшиков, born 30 June 1977, in Moscow), mostly known under his stage name Ligalize (Russian: Лигалайз), is a Russian hip hop artist and a f ...

– "Pervyi Otryad" ("First Squad") (2005) *

Hikaru Utada , who is also known by the mononym Utada, is a Japanese-American pop singer, songwriter and producer. By 2010, Utada had become one of the most influential, and best-selling, musical artists in Japan. Born in the United States to Japanese parent ...

- "Fluximation" (2005) (for ''

Exodus Exodus or the Exodus may refer to: Religion * Book of Exodus, second book of the Hebrew Torah and the Christian Bible * The Exodus, the biblical story of the migration of the ancient Israelites from Egypt into Canaan Historical events * Ex ...

'') *Hikaru Utada – "Passion" (2006) (

Square Enix is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational holding company, production enterprise and entertainment conglomerate, best known for its ''Final Fantasy'', ''Dragon Quest'', ''Star Ocean'' and ''Kingdom Hearts'' role-playing video game ...

's ''

Kingdom Hearts II is a 2005 action role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix in collaboration with Disney Interactive Studios, Buena Vista Games for the PlayStation 2 video game console. The game is a sequel to ''Kingdom Hearts (video game), King ...

'' Theme song)

Short films

*''Gondora'' (1998) *'' Digital Juice'' (2001) *''Jigen Loop'' (2001) *''

Sweat Punch is a series of five Studio 4°C shorts collected in January 2007 as a direct-to-DVD package film titled ''Deep Imagination''. The first four shorts had previously featured on the 4-volume " DVD magazine" series, , with one ''Sweat Punch'' epi ...

'' (5 short films, 2001–2002. Collected and released on DVD in 2007) – "Professor Dan Petory's Blues", "End of the World", "

Comedy Comedy is a genre of fiction that consists of discourses or works intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, film, stand-up comedy, television, radio, books, or any other entertainment medium. The term o ...

", "Beyond", and "Junk Town". *''Amazing Nuts! Part 1 – Global Astroliner'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 2 – Glass Eyes'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 3 – Kung Fu Love – Even If You Become the Enemy of the World'' (2006) *''Amazing Nuts! Part 4 – Joe and Marilyn'' (2006) *'' Tamala's "Wild Party"'' (2007) *''

'' (July 7, 2007) A collection of 7 short films *'' Genius Party Beyond'' (February 15, 2008) A collection of 5 short films *''The Babysitter'' (2009) A ''

'' short portraying the relationship between the Spartans and the ODSTs *'' My Last Day'' (2011) – Created in association with The JESUS Film Project, Brethren Entertainment, and Barry Cook *'' Kid Icarus: Uprising'' – " Medusa's Revenge" (2012) – Promotional short for '' Kid Icarus: Uprising'' video game *''Drive Your Heart'' (2013) Spin-off to ''PES-peace eco smile'', short film produced to advertise

Toyota is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on . Toyota is one of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world, producing about 10 ...

*'' Tuzuki: Love Assassin'' (2014) *''Turnover'' (2015) adaptation from the manga of the same name, for advertising purpose for

Benesse is a Japanese company which focuses on correspondence education and publishing. Based in Okayama-City, it is the parent company of Berlitz Language Schools, which in turn is the parent company of ELS Language Centers. Benesse is listed on the ...

*''Kanjo ga Kanji o Sukina Riyū'' Part 1 and Part 2 (2015) *''Red Ash: Gearworld'' (2017)

Video games

*'' Ace Combat 04: Shattered Skies'' (2001) *''

Tube Slider ''Tube Slider'' is a 2003 racing video game developed by NDcube and published exclusively in North America by NEC Interchannel for the GameCube. A Japanese release was planned but canceled for unknown reasons. The game takes place on Earth in th ...

'' (2003) *'' Summon Night 3'' (2003) *'' Ape Escape: Pumped & Primed'' (2004) *'' Ace Combat 5: The Unsung War'' (2004) *''

Rogue Galaxy ''Rogue Galaxy'' is an action role-playing video game developed by Level-5 and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. The game was released in Japan in December 2005, in North America in January 2007, and in most Europea ...

'' (2005) *''

Lunar Knights ''Lunar Knights'', known in Japan as and abbreviated ''Boktai DS'', is an action role-playing video game, the fourth title in the ''Boktai'' series of video games developed by Kojima Productions and announced at E3 2006. The game was revamped ...

'' (2006) *''

Jeanne D'Arc Joan of Arc (french: link=yes, Jeanne d'Arc, translit= �an daʁk} ; 1412 – 30 May 1431) is a patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the coronati ...

'' (2006) *'' Ace Combat X: Skies of Deception'' (2006) *''

Street Fighter IV is a 2008 fighting game published by Capcom, who also co-developed the game with Dimps. It was the first original main entry in the series since '' Street Fighter III'' in 1997, a hiatus of eleven years. The coin-operated arcade game version wa ...

'' (2008) *'' .hack//Link'' (2010) *''Zack & Ombra: The Phantom Amusement Park'' (2010) *''

Catherine Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria. In the early Christ ...

'' (2011) *'' Hard Corps: Uprising'' (2011) *''

Asura's Wrath is an action video game developed by CyberConnect2 and published by Capcom. It was first announced at the Tokyo Game Show in 2010, and was released worldwide in February 2012. The game was released on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. The game follo ...

'' (2012) *''

Toukiden is an action role-playing game developed by Omega Force for the PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita. It was released on June 27, 2013 in Japan. Tecmo Koei Games showcased the PlayStation Vita version of the game at E3 2013, and releas ...

'' (2013) *''

Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE ''Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE'' is a 2015 role-playing video game developed by Atlus and published by Nintendo for the Wii U home console. The game is a crossover that combines gameplay, narrative, and aesthetic elements from Atlus's ''Shin Mega ...

'' (2015) *''Guardian's Violation'' (2015) *''

Doodle Champion Island Games ''Doodle Champion Island Games'' is a 2021 role-playing browser game developed by Google in partnership with Studio 4°C. The game acted as an interactive Google Doodle in celebration of the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics as we ...

'' (2021)

Commercials

Nike Nike often refers to: * Nike (mythology), a Greek goddess who personifies victory * Nike, Inc., a major American producer of athletic shoes, apparel, and sports equipment Nike may also refer to: People * Nike (name), a surname and feminine give ...

–

LeBron James LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed "King James", he is widely considered one of the greatest pl ...

In ''Chamber of Fear (Self Doubt)'' (2004) *

Honda Edix The Honda FR-V, marketed as the Honda Edix in Japan, is a six-passenger car that was manufactured by Honda from 2004-2009 (with marketing ending in 2011 in some regions), over a single generation. A five-door compact multi-purpose vehicle (MPV ...

presents Edix Six – ''kiro'' (2006)

Other

*''

Kamikaze Girls ''Kamikaze Girls'', originally released in Japan as , is a 2002 Japanese light novel written by Novala Takemoto. The story centers on the friendship between two students named Momoko Ryugasaki and Ichigo "Ichiko" Shirayuri. These two are fro ...

'' (2004) – Animated segment *''

Lincoln Lincoln most commonly refers to: * Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), the sixteenth president of the United States * Lincoln, England, cathedral city and county town of Lincolnshire, England * Lincoln, Nebraska, the capital of Nebraska, U.S. * Lincol ...

'' (2005) – Opening animation and character designs *''

Kurosagi is a Japanese manga written by Takeshi Natsuhara and illustrated by Kuromaru. The series is about a boy named Kurosaki who swindles only other professional swindlers known as . The series was adapted as an 11-episode TV drama that was a ...

'' (2006) – Opening animation *''Donju'' (2009) – Animated segment * '' My Last Day'' (2011) – A short Easter anime

Campus Crusade for Christ Cru (until 2011 known as Campus Crusade for Christ—informally "Campus Crusade" or simply "crusade"—or CCC) is an interdenominational Christian parachurch organization. It was founded in 1951 at the University of California, Los Angeles by B ...

* ''PES-peace eco smile'' (2012) – Series of shorts produced to advertise

* ''

The Amazing World of Gumball ''The Amazing World of Gumball'' is an animated sitcom created by Ben Bocquelet for Cartoon Network. The series concerns the lives of 12-year-old Gumball Watterson, an anthropomorphic blue cat, and adoptive goldfish brother Darwin, who attend ...

'' (2016) – ''

Dragon Ball is a Japanese media franchise created by Akira Toriyama in 1984. The Dragon Ball (manga), initial manga, written and illustrated by Toriyama, was serialized in ''Weekly Shōnen Jump'' from 1984 to 1995, with the 519 individual chapters colle ...

'' manga-style flashback sequence and '' Kill la Kill''-style fight sequence between Nicole and Masami's mother, Yuki for the season four episode "The Fury" * ''

'' (2021) –

Google Doodle A Google Doodle is a special, temporary alteration of the logo on Google's homepages intended to commemorate holidays, events, achievements, and notable historical figures. The first Google Doodle honored the 1998 edition of the long-running an ...

* '' Ballmastrz: Rubicon'' (2023) — A TV special

References

External links

* *
Interview with Yukie Saeki of 4°C on ''Shining Force Neos 2D animation
{{DEFAULTSORT:Studio 4C Animation studios in Tokyo Japanese animation studios Mass media companies established in 1986 Japanese companies established in 1986