September 29

Events

Pre-1600

*61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
* 1011 – Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, archbishop of Canterbury, as a prisoner.
* 1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades during the Investiture Controversy.
*1267 – The Treaty of Montgomery recognises Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, but only as a vassal of King Henry III.
* 1364 – During the Hundred Years' War, Anglo-Breton forces defeat the Franco-Breton army in Brittany, ending the War of the Breton Succession.
*1567 – During the French War of Religion, Protestant coup officials in Nîmes massacre Catholic priests in an event now known as the Michelade.
*1578 – Tegucigalpa, capital city of Honduras, is claimed by the Spaniards.

1601–1900

* 1714 – The Cossacks of the Russian Empire kill about 800 people overnight in Hailuoto during the Great Hatred.
*1717 – An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture.
*1789 – The United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
* 1829 – The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as ''the Met'', is founded.
* 1848 – The Battle of Pákozd is a stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces and is the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution.
*1850 – The papal bull '' Universalis Ecclesiae'' restores the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales.
* 1855 – The Philippine port of Iloilo is opened to world trade by the Spanish administration.
*1864 – The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought in the American Civil War.
* 1864 – The Treaty of Lisbon defines the boundaries between Spain and Portugal and abolishes the Couto Misto microstate.
*1885 – The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.

1901–present

* 1907 – The cornerstone is laid at the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul (better known as Washington National Cathedral) in Washington, D.C.
*1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
*1918 – Bulgaria signs the Armistice of Salonica ending its participation in World War I.
* 1918 – The Hindenburg Line is broken by an Allied attack in World War I.
* 1918 – Germany's Supreme Army Command tells Kaiser Wilhelm II and Imperial Chancellor Georg Michaelis to open negotiations for an armistice to end World War I.
* 1923 – The Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.
* 1923 – The Mandate for Syria and Lebanon takes effect.
* 1923 – The First American Track and Field championships for women are held.
*1932 – Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia during the Chaco War.
* 1940 – Two Avro Ansons collide in mid-air over New South Wales, Australia, remain locked together, then land safely.
*1941 – During World War II, German forces, with the aid of local Ukrainian collaborators, begin the two-day Babi Yar massacre.
*1954 – The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
* 1957 – The Kyshtym disaster is the third-worst nuclear accident ever recorded.
*1959 – A Lockheed L-188 Electra crashes in Buffalo, Texas, killing 34 people.
*1971 – Oman joins the Arab League.
* 1972 – Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.
*1975 – WGPR becomes the first black-owned-and-operated television station in the US.
* 1979 – The dictator Francisco Macias of Equatorial Guinea is executed by soldiers from Western Sahara.
* 1981 – An Iranian Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules military transport aircraft crashes into a firing range near Kahrizak, Iran, killing 80 people.
* 1988 – NASA launches STS-26, the first Space Shuttle mission since the ''Challenger'' disaster.
*1990 – Construction of the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul (better known as Washington National Cathedral) is completed in Washington, D.C.
* 1990 – The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.
* 1990 – The Tampere Hall, the largest concert and congress center in the Nordic countries, is inaugurated in Tampere, Finland.
*1991 – A Haitian coup d'état occurs.
*1992 – Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello is impeached.
*2004 – The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.
* 2004 – Burt Rutan's Ansari ''SpaceShipOne'' performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the Ansari X Prize.
*2005 – John Roberts is confirmed as Chief Justice of the United States.
*2006 – A Boeing 737 and an Embraer 600 collide in mid-air, killing 154 people and triggering a Brazilian aviation crisis.
*2007 – Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.
*2008 – The stock market crashes after the first United States House of Representatives vote on the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act fails, leading to the Great Recession.
*2009 – The 8.1 Samoa earthquake results in a tsunami that kills over 189 and injures hundreds.
*2011 – The special court in India convicted all 269 accused officials for atrocity on Dalits and 17 for rape in the Vachathi case.
*2013 – Over 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram at the College of Agriculture in Nigeria.
*2016 – Eleven days after the Uri attack, the Indian Army conducts "surgical strikes" against suspected militants in Pakistani-administered Kashmir.
*2019 – Violence and low turnout mar the 2019 Afghan presidential election.

Births

Pre-1600

* 106 BC – Pompey, Roman general and politician (d. 48 BC)
*1240 – Margaret of England, Queen consort of Scots (d. 1275)
* 1402 – Ferdinand the Holy Prince of Portugal (d. 1443)
* 1511 – Michael Servetus, Spanish physician, cartographer, and theologian (d. 1553)
* 1527 – John Lesley, Scottish bishop (d. 1596)
*1547 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright (d. 1616)
* 1548 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1626)
* 1561 – Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish priest and mathematician (d. 1615)
* 1574 – Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, Scottish nobleman and politician (d. 1624)

1601–1900

* 1602 – Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, English military leader (d. 1668)
* 1636 – Thomas Tenison, English archbishop (d. 1715)
* 1639 – William Russell, Lord Russell, English politician (d. 1683)
* 1640 – Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor and educator (d. 1720)
*1673 – Jacques-Martin Hotteterre, French flute player and composer (d. 1763)
*1691 – Richard Challoner, English bishop (d. 1781)
* 1703 – François Boucher, French painter and set designer (d. 1770)
* 1725 – Robert Clive, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire (d. 1774)
*1758 – Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, English admiral (d. 1805)
*1766 – Charlotte, Princess Royal of England (d. 1828)
* 1803 – Jacques Charles François Sturm, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1850)
*1808 – Henry Bennett, American lawyer and politician (d. 1868)
* 1810 – Elizabeth Gaskell, English author (d. 1865)
*1812 – Adolph Göpel, German mathematician (d. 1847)
* 1832 – Joachim Oppenheim, Czech rabbi and author (d. 1891)
* 1832 – Miguel Miramón, Unconstitutional president of Mexico (d. 1867)
*1843 – Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (d. 1882)
*1844 – Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 10th President of Argentina (d. 1909)
* 1844 – Edward Pulsford, English-Australian politician and free-trade campaigner (d. 1919)
*1853 – Luther D. Bradley, American cartoonist (d. 1917)
*1863 – Ludwig Holborn, German physicist (d. 1926)
*1863 – Hugo Haase, German lawyer, jurist, and politician (d. 1919)
*1864 – Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish philosopher and author (d. 1936)
* 1866 – Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, Ukrainian historian, academic, and politician (d. 1934)
* 1881 – Ludwig von Mises, Austrian-American economist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1973)
* 1882 – Lilias Armstrong, English phonetician (d. 1937)
*1891 – Ian Fairweather, Scottish-Australian painter (d. 1974)
* 1895 – Clarence Ashley, American singer, guitarist, and banjo player (d. 1967)
* 1895 – Joseph Banks Rhine, American botanist and parapsychologist (d. 1980)
* 1895 – Roscoe Turner, American pilot (d. 1970)
* 1897 – Herbert Agar, American journalist and historian (d. 1980)
* 1898 – Trofim Lysenko, Ukrainian-Russian biologist and agronomist (d. 1976)
* 1899 – László Bíró, Hungarian-Argentinian journalist and inventor, invented the ballpoint pen (d. 1985)
* 1899 – Billy Butlin, South African-English businessman, founded Butlins (d. 1980)

1901–present

* 1901 – Lanza del Vasto, Italian poet, philosopher, and activist (d. 1981)
* 1901 – Enrico Fermi, Italian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
* 1903 – Miguel Alemán Valdés, Mexican lawyer and civilian politician, 46th President of Mexico (d. 1983)
* 1903 – Diana Vreeland, American journalist (d. 1989)
* 1904 – Greer Garson, English-American actress (d. 1996)
*1905 – Fidel LaBarba, American boxer and sportswriter (d. 1981)
* 1906 – Henry Nash Smith, American academic (d. 1986)
* 1907 – Gene Autry, American singer, actor, and businessman (d. 1998)
* 1907 – George W. Jenkins, American businessman, founded Publix (d. 1996)
* 1908 – Eddie Tolan, American sprinter and educator (d. 1967)
*1909 – Virginia Bruce, American actress (d. 1982)
*1910 – Bill Boyd, American singer and guitarist (d. 1977)
* 1910 – Diosdado Macapagal, Philippine politician, 9th President of the Philippines (d. 1997)
*1911 – Charles Court, English-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Western Australia (d. 2007)
*1912 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
*1913 – Trevor Howard, English actor (d. 1988)
* 1913 – Stanley Kramer, American director and producer (d. 2001)
* 1914 – Olive Dehn, English author and poet (d. 2007)
* 1915 – Vincent DeDomenico, American businessman, founded the Napa Valley Wine Train (d. 2007)
* 1915 – Oscar Handlin, American historian and academic (d. 2011)
* 1915 – Brenda Marshall, American actress (d. 1992)
* 1916 – Carl Giles, English cartoonist (d. 1995)
* 1916 – Josef Traxel, German operatic tenor (d. 1975)
*1918 – Billy Bevis, English footballer (d. 1994)
* 1919 – Bill Proud, English cricketer (d. 1961)
*1920 – Peter D. Mitchell, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)
*1921 – James Cross, Irish-British diplomat (d. 2021)
* 1921 – John Ritchie, New Zealand composer and educator (d. 2014)
*1922 – Reed Irvine, American economist and activist (d. 2004)
* 1922 – Lizabeth Scott, American actress (d. 2015)
* 1923 – Stan Berenstain, American author and illustrator (d. 2005)
* 1923 – Bum Phillips, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
* 1925 – Steve Forrest, American actor (d. 2013)
* 1925 – Paul MacCready, American engineer, founded AeroVironment (d. 2007)
* 1926 – Chuck Cooper, American basketball player (d. 1984)
* 1926 – Pete Elliott, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
*1927 – Pete McCloskey, American politician
* 1927 – Barbara Mertz, American historian and author (d. 2013)
*1928 – Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury, English lieutenant, engineer, and politician (d. 2016)
* 1928 – Brajesh Mishra, Indian politician and diplomat, 1st Indian National Security Advisor (d. 2012)
* 1928 – Jeffrey O'Connell, American legal expert, professor, and attorney (d. 2013)
*1930 – Richard Bonynge, Australian pianist and conductor
* 1930 – Colin Dexter, English author and educator (d. 2017)
* 1931 – James Cronin, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
* 1931 – Anita Ekberg, Swedish-Italian model and actress (d. 2015)
* 1931 – Joseph M. McDade, American politician (d. 2017)
*1932 – Robert Benton, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1932 – Mehmood, Indian actor, singer, director and producer
*1933 – Samora Machel, Mozambican commander and politician, 1st President of Mozambique (d. 1986)
* 1934 – Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Hungarian-American psychologist and academic (d. 2021)
* 1934 – Stuart M. Kaminsky, American author and screenwriter (d. 2009)
*1935 – Jerry Lee Lewis, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2022)
* 1935 – Carmen Delgado Votaw, Puerto Rican civil rights pioneer (d. 2017)
*1936 – Silvio Berlusconi, Italian businessman and politician, 50th Prime Minister of Italy
* 1936 – James Fogle, American author (d. 2012)
* 1936 – Hal Trosky, Jr., American baseball player (d. 2012)
*1937 – Kōichirō Matsuura, Japanese diplomat
* 1937 – Tom McKeown, American poet and educator
*1938 – Wim Kok

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