The Quintuple Coalition refers to the

electoral alliance An electoral alliance (also known as a bipartisan electoral agreement, electoral pact, electoral agreement, electoral coalition or electoral bloc) is an association of political party, political parties or individuals that exists solely to stand ...

of five

revolutionary A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates a revolution. The term ''revolutionary'' can also be used as an adjective, to refer to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor. ...

groups contesting in the

1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election Constitutional Convention elections were held in Iran on 3 and 4 August 1979. The result was a victory for the Islamic Republican Party. There were 10,784,932 votes cast in the elections, marking 51.71% turnout. Of all members elected, 68% were cl ...

. The groups in coalition had

Islamic Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the mai ...

and

radical Radical may refer to: Politics and ideology Politics *Radical politics, the political intent of fundamental societal change *Radicalism (historical), the Radical Movement that began in late 18th century Britain and spread to continental Europe and ...

orientations. After the elections, the coalition sent an

open letter An open letter is a Letter (message), letter that is intended to be read by a wide audience, or a letter intended for an individual, but that is nonetheless widely distributed intentionally. Open letters usually take the form of a letter (mess ...

Ruhollah Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...

and complained about "

fraud In law, fraud is intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover monetary compens ...

Parties in coalition

The five groups were: * Revolutionary Movement of Muslim People of Iran (JAMA), led by

Kazem Sami Kazem Sami ( fa, کاظم سامی; 1935 – 23 November 1988) was Iran's minister of health in the transitional government of Mehdi Bazargan and leader of The Liberation Movement of People of Iran (''JAMA''). Political career Kazem Sami was one ...

* People's Mujahedin Organization (MEK), led by

Massoud Rajavi Massoud Rajavi ( fa, مسعود رجوی, born 18 August 1948 – disappeared 13 March 2003) became the leader of the People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK) in 1979. In 1985, he married Maryam Rajavi, who became the co-leader of the MEK. After leaving ...

Movement of Militant Muslims The Movement of Militant Muslims ( fa, جنبش مسلمانان مبارز) is an Iranian Islamic socialist political group led by Habibollah Payman. The group had been revolutionary and is close to Council of Nationalist-Religious Activists of I ...

(MMM), led by

Habibollah Peyman Habibollah Peyman ( fa, حبیب‌الله پیمان; born 1935) is an Iranian politician. He is the founder and the leader of an Islamist Socialist political party, named ''Jonbesh Moslamanan Mobarez'', which is banned by the religious governm ...

* The Movement for Liberty, led by

Asghar Sayyed Javadi Ali-Asghar Sadr Haj Seyyed Javadi ( fa, علی‌اصغر صدر حاج‌سیدجوادی; 1925–2018) was an Iranian writer, journalist and activist. Politically, he was a dissident to both Pahlavi and Islamic Republic governments. According t ...

– it was a newly-established and relatively small group that belonged to the

center Center or centre may refer to: Mathematics *Center (geometry), the middle of an object * Center (algebra), used in various contexts ** Center (group theory) ** Center (ring theory) * Graph center, the set of all vertices of minimum eccentricity ...

* Islamic Organization of Council (SASH), led by Habibollah Ashouri – The group was only briefly active in 1979

Candidates

On 18 July 1979, the coalition presented its candidates for all 10 seats in

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

in an announcement published by ''

Ayandegan ''Ayandegan'' ( fa, آیندگان lit. "The Future People") was one of the most influential and popular daily newspapers in Iran during Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's rule. It was the first morning daily paper of Iran. It had an independent and critica ...

''.

References

{{1979 Iranian constitutional assembly elections 1979 establishments in Iran Aftermath of the Iranian Revolution Defunct left-wing political party alliances Defunct political party alliances in Iran Islamic socialism Organizations established in 1979 Organizations with year of disestablishment missing People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran

Parties in coalition

Candidates

See also

References