Pān is the

Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...

pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese for ...

romanization of the

East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both Geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The modern State (polity), states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. ...

n surname . It is listed 43rd in the

Song dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...

classic text ''

Hundred Family Surnames The ''Hundred Family Surnames'' (), commonly known as ''Bai Jia Xing'', also translated as ''Hundreds of Chinese Surnames'', is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames. An unknown author compiled the book during the Song dy ...

''. It is romanized as P'an in

Wade–Giles Wade–Giles () is a romanization system for Mandarin Chinese. It developed from a system produced by Thomas Francis Wade, during the mid-19th century, and was given completed form with Herbert A. Giles's '' Chinese–English Dictionary'' o ...

; Poon, Phoon, Pon, or Pun in

Cantonese Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding ar ...

; Phua in

Hokkien The Hokkien () variety of Chinese is a Southern Min language native to and originating from the Minnan region, where it is widely spoken in the south-eastern part of Fujian in southeastern mainland China. It is one of the national languages ...

and Teochew. In 2019 it was the 36th most common surname in Mainland China. 潘 is also a common surname in Vietnam and Korea. It is romanized Phan in

Vietnamese Vietnamese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia ** A citizen of Vietnam. See Demographics of Vietnam. * Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam ** Overse ...

(not to be confused with

Phạm Phạm is the fourth most common Vietnamese name, Vietnamese family name from , which may be rendered as ''Fan'' in Chinese or ''Beom'' (범) in Korean. It is not to be confused with Phan (surname), Phan (潘), another Vietnamese surname. Orig ...

) and Ban or Pan in

Korean Korean may refer to: People and culture * Koreans, ethnic group originating in the Korean Peninsula * Korean cuisine * Korean culture * Korean language **Korean alphabet, known as Hangul or Chosŏn'gŭl **Korean dialects and the Jeju language ** ...

Distribution

Pan 潘 is the 37th most common surname in mainland China and the 31st most common surname in Taiwan. None of the romanizations of Pan 潘 appeared among the 1000 most common surnames during the 2000 US census.

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...

.
Genealogy Data: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000
". 27 Sept 2011. Accessed 29 Mar 2012.

Origins

As with many Chinese surnames, the origins of the Pan are various and sometimes legendary. One origin was a clan name taken from a fief north of

Shaanxi Shaanxi (alternatively Shensi, see § Name) is a landlocked province of China. Officially part of Northwest China, it borders the province-level divisions of Shanxi (NE, E), Henan (E), Hubei (SE), Chongqing (S), Sichuan (SW), Gansu (W), N ...

granted to

Ji Sun Ji or JI may refer to: Names and titles * Ji (surname), the pinyin romanization of a number of distinct Chinese surnames * Ji (Korean name), a Korean surname and element in given names (including lists of people with the name) * -ji, an honorifi ...

, a descendant of King Wen of Zhou. Some members descend from Ji Sun himself, others from his vassals. Another source was a

cadet branch In history and heraldry, a cadet branch consists of the male-line descendants of a monarch's or patriarch's younger sons ( cadets). In the ruling dynasties and noble families of much of Europe and Asia, the family's major assets— realm, tit ...

of the ruling

House of Mi Chu, or Ch'u in Wade–Giles romanization, (, Hanyu Pinyin: Chǔ, Old Chinese: ''*s-r̥aʔ'') was a Zhou dynasty vassal state. Their first ruler was King Wu of Chu in the early 8th century BCE. Chu was located in the south of the Zhou he ...

() of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period. Among these Pans, Pan Chong served as regent and advisor for the state of Chu. When

King Cheng of Chu King Cheng of Chu (, died 626 BC) was from 671 to 626 BC king of the state of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. He was born Xiong Yun () to King Wen of Chu, and King Cheng was his posthumous title. In 672 BC Xiong Yun's ol ...

decided to make a younger son the crown prince, Pan Chong aided the elder prince Shangchen instead. Shangchen forced King Cheng to commit suicide and ascended the throne as

King Mu of Chu King Mu of Chu (, died 614 BC) was from 625 to 614 BC king of the state of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. He was born Xiong Shangchen () and King Mu was his posthumous title. Prince Shangchen was the son of King Chen ...

. Pan Chong was made the "Royal Tutor". A third source in Taiwan was the adoption of the name by

Taiwanese aborigines Taiwanese may refer to: * Taiwanese language, another name for Taiwanese Hokkien * Something from or related to Taiwan ( Formosa) * Taiwanese aborigines, the indigenous people of Taiwan * Han Taiwanese, the Han people of Taiwan * Taiwanese people, ...

during their

Sinicization Sinicization, sinofication, sinification, or sinonization (from the prefix , 'Chinese, relating to China') is the process by which non-Chinese societies come under the influence of Chinese culture, particularly the language, societal norms, cul ...

. Members of the Plains tribes adopted the surname Pan as a modification of their designated status as

barbarians A barbarian (or savage) is someone who is perceived to be either uncivilized or primitive. The designation is usually applied as a generalization based on a popular stereotype; barbarians can be members of any nation judged by some to be les ...

(, ''Fan'').Shepherd, John R. ''Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600–1800'', p. 384. Stanford Uni. Press (Stanford), 1993. One family in particular became members of the local gentry, complete with a lineage to

Fujian Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...

province.Hong Meiyuan. ''Taiwan Zhongbu Pingpu Zhu'' 'Plains Tribes of Central Taiwan'' pp. 310–15. Academia Historica (Taipei), 1997.

List of persons with the surname

Pan

* Pan Yue (born Zhongmou, modern Zhongmu County, Henan), poet * Pan Jixun, scholar official during the Ming Dynasty * Pan Hannian，Chinese Politician *

Pan Men-an Pan Men-an (; born 15 August 1963) is a Taiwanese politician. He has been the Magistrate of Pingtung County since 25 December 2014. Early life Pan was born to a fishermen's family. Education Pan graduated from the graduate institute of contin ...

Magistrate The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome, a '' magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judic ...

of Pingtung County * Pan Qingfu,

kung fu Chinese martial arts, often called by the umbrella terms kung fu (; ), kuoshu () or wushu (), are multiple fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in Greater China. These fighting styles are often classified according to commo ...

grandmaster *

Rebecca Pan Rebecca Pan Di-hua (; also Poon Tik-wah, Pan Wan Ching) is a Hong Kong actress and singer. Early life She was born in Shanghai on 29 December 1931 and moved to Hong Kong in 1949. Career Her singing career began in 1957. One of her songs, which ...

(Poon Dik-wah, Tik-Wa Poon), Chinese-Hong Kong actress and singer * Pan Shih-wei, Minister of

Labor Labour or labor may refer to: * Childbirth, the delivery of a baby * Labour (human activity), or work ** Manual labour, physical work ** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer ** Organized labour and the la ...

of the Republic of China (2014) * Wen-Chung Pan (Pan Wen-chung), Deputy Mayor of

Taichung Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Ta ...

(2014–2016) *

Will Pan Wilber Pan (; born 6 August 1980), also known as Will Pan, is a Taiwanese-American singer, songwriter, rapper, actor and entrepreneur. He started his career as a host of Channel V programs. In 2011, Pan was awarded Best Actor for ''Endless Lo ...

, American-born

Taiwanese Taiwanese may refer to: * Taiwanese language, another name for Taiwanese Hokkien * Something from or related to Taiwan ( Formosa) * Taiwanese aborigines, the indigenous people of Taiwan * Han Taiwanese, the Han people of Taiwan * Taiwanese people, ...

rapper and actor *

Pan An-bang Pan An-bang (; 10 September 1954 – 3 February 2013), was a Taiwanese pop and folk singer, television presenter and actor. He was famous for the song "Grandma's Penghu Bay" (外婆的澎湖灣), which is one of the classic Taiwanese campus fo ...

, Taiwanese singer * Pan Jinlian, fictional character from ''

Water Margin ''Water Margin'' (''Shuihu zhuan'') is one of the earliest Chinese novels written in vernacular Mandarin, and is attributed to Shi Nai'an. It is also translated as ''Outlaws of the Marsh'' and ''All Men Are Brothers''. The story, which is ...

'' and ''

The Plum in the Golden Vase ''Jin Ping Mei'' () — translated into English as ''The Plum in the Golden Vase'' or ''The Golden Lotus'' — is a Chinese novel of manners composed in vernacular Chinese during the latter half of the 16th century during the late Ming dynasty ...

'' * Pan Anzi, Chinese film director *

Cindy Pan Cindy Han-Liang Pan is a Chinese Australian general practitioner, television personality and author who specialises in sexual health and women's health. Early life and education Pan was born in Sydney and was raised on a research station in Ba ...

, Australian-born medical practitioner, best-selling author and media personality. * Consort Pan, imperial consort during the Chinese dynasty

Liu Song Song, known as Liu Song (), Former Song (前宋) or Song of (the) Southern Dynasty (南朝宋) in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. ...

. She was Emperor Wen's concubine *

Pan Mei Pan Mei (潘美) ( 925From his date and Chinese age at death we can deduct that he was born some time between 27 January 925 and 14 February 926. – 20 July 991) was a military general and statesman in the early years of imperial China's Song ...

, Military general and statesman of imperial China's

Song Dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...

. *

Pan Mei-chen Pan Mei-chen (; born 30 June 1969) is a Taiwanese singer-songwriter. Music career Born on 30 June 1969 in Taiwan. Her recording career started in 1987, and she has produced many albums over the years. Her talents range from songwriting to playing ...

, Taiwanese singer * Princess Pan, first wife of the future

Emperor Zhenzong Emperor Zhenzong of Song (23 December 968 – 23 March 1022), personal name Zhao Heng, was the third emperor of the Song dynasty of China. He reigned from 997 to his death in 1022. His personal name was originally Zhao Dechang, but was change ...

of Song in imperial China's

Pan Shu Empress Pan (died February or March 252), personal name Pan Shu,() ''Jiankang Shilu'' vol. 2. was an empress of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. She was the only empress of Wu's founding emperor, Sun Quan, even ...

, Empress of the Eastern Wu, consort of Sun Quan *

Pan Wei-chih Pan Wei-chih (; born 13 July 1982) is a Taiwanese football (soccer) goalkeeper. He succeeded Yang Cheng-hsing to become Taiwan Power Company F.C.'s goalkeeper. He has been called up to the Chinese Taipei national football team. He is also the fi ...

, Taiwanese goalkeeper * Pan Wen-Yuan, Chinese-American electrical engineer * Pan Xiaoting (潘晓婷), WPBA Rookie of the Year in 2006, female professional pool player *

Pan Zhang Pan Zhang (died 234), courtesy name Wengui, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He continued serving in the state of Eastern Wu (founded by Sun Quan) during the Three Kingdoms ...

, Eastern Han Dynasty General of the Eastern Wu under Sun Quan *

Pan Fu Pan Fu () (22 November 1883 – 12 September 1936) was a Chinese politician and premier of the Republic of China from 1927 to 1928 during the Beiyang government. He was the acting Minister of Finance from 24 July 1920 to 11 August 1920, and again ...

, Chinese politician and Premier of the Republic of China during the

Beiyang government The Beiyang government (), officially the Republic of China (), sometimes spelled Peiyang Government, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking ( Beijing) between 1912 and 1928. It was internationally ...

Pua

Tony Pua Tony Pua Kiam Wee (; born 1 August 1972) is a Malaysian politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Damansara from May 2018 to November 2022, for Petaling Jaya Utara from March 2008 to May 2018 and Political Secretary to the ...

, Malaysian politician from the

Democratic Action Party The Democratic Action Party (abbreviation: DAP; ms, Parti Tindakan Demokratik; ; ta, ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Malaysia. As one of four component parties of the ...

(DAP) *

Pua Hak Chuan Annie Ee Yu Lian (余玉莲 Yú Yùlián; – 13 April 2015) was a Singaporean waitress who was cruelly abused for eight months before she died on 13 April 2015 at the age of 26. Ee's abusers were her 31-year-old childhood friend Tan Hui Zhen (� ...

, Singaporean criminal and murder suspect serving 14 years in jail

Phua

Paul Phua Wei Seng "Paul" Phua (born 29 April 1964) is a Malaysian businessman and poker player. Phua is a casino VIP junket operator who regularly hosts high stakes gambling in Macau. Phua has been called "A Legend in the Gambling World" and the "World's ...

, Malaysian Chinese businessman and poker player *

Denise Phua Denise Phua Lay Peng ()Denise Phua Lay Peng
, Candidate Profiles, People's Act ...

, Singaporean politician and disability rights activist * Cynthia Phua, Singaporean business executive and former politician * Willie Phua, Singaporean news cameraman *

Phua Chu Kang ''Phua Chu Kang Pte Ltd'' was a Singaporean sitcom. The sitcom centres on an eccentric general contractor with his trademark yellow boots, curly afro hair and large facial mole. While it carries the traditions of a sitcom, many unusual elemen ...

, fictional protagonist of a popular Singaporean television sitcom *

Phua Bah Lee Phua Bah Lee (; 1932 – 26 December 2021) was a Singaporean politician who was a member of the People's Action Party. He was Member of Parliament for Tampines constituency from 1968 to 1988. During his political career spanning twenty years, ...

, Singaporean politician

Poon

Albert Poon Albert Poon Bing-Lit (中文: 潘炳烈) (born 5 January 1936 in Hong Kong) is a racing driver from Hong Kong, China. He is best known for winning the Macau Grand Prix in 1964, the only Hong Kong driver to win the event. Poon's name is synonymous ...

, race car driver from Hong Kong, notable wins include the 1964 Macau Grand Prix, the 1963 & 1965 Malaysia Grand Prix, the 1968 Selangor Grand Prix * Annie Poon, American animator * Christine Poon, American business executive * Chung-Kwong Poon (潘宗光), president of Hong Kong Polytechnic University *

Dickson Poon Sir Dickson Poon (; born 19 June 1956) is a Hong Kong businessman in the luxury goods retailing sector. Poon is the executive chairman of his Hong Kong based and listed company Dickson Concepts (DCIL), which owns companies including Harvey Nic ...

, owner of the

Harvey Nichols Harvey Nichols is a British luxury department store chain founded in 1831, at its flagship store in Knightsbridge, London. It sells designer fashion collections for men and women, fashion accessories, beauty products, fine wines and luxury f ...

chain of department stores * Poon Dik-wah, the Cantonese name of

* Joseph Poon, physicist *

Poon Lim Poon Lim BEM (; 8 March 1918 – 4 January 1991) was a Chinese sailor who survived 133 days alone in the South Atlantic. Lim worked as second steward on , a British merchant ship that was sunk by , a German U-boat, on 23 November 194 ...

, Chinese sailor who survived 133 days alone in the South Atlantic *

Kelly Poon Kelly Poon (; born 11 July 1983) is a Singaporean singer who emerged from one of the Project SuperStar singing competition held in Singapore. Early life Kelly Poon graduated from Huamin Primary School and Yishun Town Secondary School. She lat ...

, Singaporean

Mandarin pop Mandopop or Mandapop refers to Mandarin popular music. The genre has its origin in the jazz-influenced popular music of 1930s Shanghai known as Shidaiqu; with later influences coming from Japanese enka, Hong Kong's Cantopop, Taiwan's Hokkien ...

singer *

Kevin Poon Kevin Poon is a Hong Kong entrepreneur, fashion designer and DJ. He is the co-founder of Hong Kong's streetwear brand CLOT in 2003. He also launched JUICE, an international retailer with outlets across Asia including Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tai ...

, a Hong Kong-based entrepreneur, fashion designer, event organizer, and blogger * Richard Poon, Chinese-Filipino singer-songwriter * Wena Poon, a Singaporean-American novelist * William Poon, founder of Poon's restaurants

Ban

* Ban Ki-moon (潘基文), South Korean diplomat, former

UN Secretary General The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. The role of the secretary-g ...

* Ban Hyo-jung (潘曉靜), South Korean actress

Han

Keiko Han is a Japanese actress, voice actress and western astrologer. She sang the theme songs in productions such as '' Story of the Alps: My Annette'' and '' Kazoku Robinson Hyōryūki Fushigi na Shima no Furōne''. Han is a fortune teller of western ...

, Japanese

voice actress Voice acting is the art of performing voice-overs to present a character or provide information to an audience. Performers are called voice actors/actresses, voice artists, dubbing artists, voice talent, voice-over artists, or voice-over talent ...

* Megumi Han, Japanese voice actress *

Han Zenki Han Zenki (; born October 7, 1977), also known as Pan Shanqi () is a professional Go player. Biography Han was born in Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East an ...

, professional Go

player Player may refer to: Role or adjective * Player (game), a participant in a game or sport ** Gamer, a player in video and tabletop games ** Athlete, a player in sports ** Player character, a character in a video game or role playing game who ...

Phan

* Aimee Phan, writer/novelist * Charles Phan, American chef, cookbook author, restaurateur *

Dat Phan Dat Phan (born January 25, 1975) is a Vietnamese American stand-up comedian. He first rose to fame in 2003 after defeating runner-up Ralphie May to win Season 1 of Last Comic Standing. In Fall 2004, he returned for the third season dubbed "Batt ...

, comedian, "Last Comic Standing" winner * John Phan, professional poker player * Joseph Phan, figure skater *

Michelle Phan Michelle Phan (born April 11, 1987) is an American beauty YouTuber. She is the founder and owner of the multimillion-dollar cosmetics line EM Cosmetics. Early life Michelle Phan was born on April 11, 1987, in Boston, Massachusetts. Both her pa ...

, makeup artist *

Nam Phan Nhat Nam Si Phan (born March 13, 1983), better known as Nam Phan, is an American retired mixed martial arts, mixed martial artist and professional boxer. A professional in mixed martial arts since 2001, Phan has also competed for the Ultimate Fig ...

, professional mixed martial artist * Nicholas Phan, tenor * Phan Thanh Giản (潘清簡), Imperial mandarin, diplomat *

Phan Đình Phùng Phan Đình Phùng (; 1847January 21, 1896) was a Vietnamese people, Vietnamese revolutionary who led rebel armies against French colonial empire, French colonial forces in Vietnam. He was the most prominent of the Confucian court scholars ...

(潘廷逢), 19th century revolutionary, anti-colonial military leader *

Phan Bội Châu Phan Bội Châu (; 26 December 1867 – 29 October 1940), born Phan Văn San, courtesy name Hải Thụ (later changed to Sào Nam), was a pioneer of Vietnamese 20th century nationalism. In 1903, he formed a revolutionary organization called ' ...

(潘佩珠), 20th century scholar, revolutionary, anti-colonial activist *

Phan Chu Trinh Phan Châu Trinh (Chữ Hán: 潘周楨, 9 September 1872 – 24 March 1926), courtesy name Tử Cán (梓幹), pen name Tây Hồ (西湖) or Hi Mã (希馬), was an early 20th-century Vietnamese nationalist. He sought to end France's colonial oc ...

(潘周楨), 20th century nationalist, writer, anti-colonial activist *

Phan Khắc Sửu Phan Khắc Sửu ( 9 January 1893 – 24 May 1970) was a South Vietnamese engineer and politician who served as a minister in Bảo Đại's government of the State of Vietnam and as a civilian Chief of State of South Vietnam from 1964–65 durin ...

, President of South Vietnam *

Phan Huy Quát Phan Huy Quát (Hà Tĩnh Province, 12 June 1908 – 27 April 1979) was a South Vietnamese doctor and politician who served as Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam for four months in 1965. Early life Phan Huy Quát was born in Lộc Hà Dis ...

, Prime Minister of South Vietnam *

Lê Đức Thọ Lê Đức Thọ (; 14 October 1911 – 13 October 1990), born Phan Đình Khải in Nam Dinh Province, was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician. He was the first Asian to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, jointly with ...

(born Phan Đình Khải), Vietnamese Communist revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician *

Phan Văn Khải Phan Văn Khải (; 25 December 1933 – 17 March 2018) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister of Vietnam from 25 September 1997 to 27 June 2006. Life and career Phan Văn Khải was born on 25 December 1933 in Tan T ...

, former Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam *

Phan Thị Kim Phúc Phan Thị Kim Phúc (; born April 6, 1963), referred to informally as the girl in the picture and the Napalm girl, is a South Vietnamese-born Canadian woman best known as the nine-year-old child depicted in the Pulitzer Prize–winning phot ...

, child subject of a Pulitzer Prize winning photograph taken during the Vietnam War * Phan Bá Vành (潘伯鑅), charismatic leader, 19th century revolutionary *

Phan Khôi Phan Khôi (October 06, 1887 – January 16, 1959) was an intellectual leader who inspired a North Vietnamese variety of the Chinese Hundred Flowers Campaign, in which scholars were permitted to criticize the Communist regime, but for which he hi ...

, author, intellectual leader * Phan Nhiên Hạo, poet and translator * Phan Nguyên Hồng, leading authority on the mangrove ecosystem in Asia *

Phan Xích Long Phan Xích Long, also known as Hồng Long, born Phan Phát Sanh (1893–1916), was a 20th-century Vietnamese mystic and geomancer who raised an unsuccessful uprising against French rule in Cochinchina from 1913 to 1916. He attempted to explo ...

(潘赤龍), mystic and geomancer *

Phan Quang Đán Phan Quang Đán (6 November 1918 – 26 March 2004) was a Vietnamese political opposition figure who was one of only two non-government politicians who won a seat in the 1959 South Vietnamese election for the National Assembly. Subsequently, he ...

, politician

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pan (Surname) Chinese-language surnames Korean-language surnames Vietnamese-language surnames Surnames of Vietnamese origin Individual Chinese surnames