The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (russian: Орден Святой Анны; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a

Holstein Holstein (; nds, label=Northern Low Saxon, Holsteen; da, Holsten; Latin and historical en, Holsatia, italic=yes) is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is the southern half of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of German ...

ducal and then

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...

n imperial

order of chivalry An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is an order of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Catholic military orders of the Crusades ( 1099–1291) and paired with medieval concept ...

. It was established by

Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Charles Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp () (30 April 1700 – 18 June 1739) was a Prince of Sweden and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and an important member of European royalty. His dynasty, the Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gott ...

, on 14 February 1735, in honour of his wife

Anna Petrovna Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (russian: А́нна Петро́вна; 27 January 1708 – 4 March 1728) was the eldest daughter of Emperor Peter I of Russia and his wife Empress Catherine I. Her younger sister, Empress Elizabeth, ...

, daughter of

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

of Russia. Originally, the Order of Saint Anna was a

dynastic order of knighthood A dynastic order, monarchical order, or house order is an order under royal patronage. Such an order is bestowed by, as a legitimate , a sovereign or the head of a once-sovereign ruling family. These are often considered part of the cultural pat ...

; but between 1797 and 1917 it had dual status as a dynastic order and as a state order. The Order of St. Anna continued to be awarded after the revolution by Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich, and Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. Today, the Russian Imperial Order of St. Anna, awarded by Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna is recognized as an order of chivalry by the privately operated ICOC as a continuation of the pre-Revolutionary order, and has been approved for wear with military uniform by the Russian Federation, but not by some members of the Romanov Family Association. Membership of the Order was awarded for a distinguished career in civil service or for valour and distinguished service in the military. The Order of Saint Anna entitled recipients of the first class to hereditary nobility, and recipients of lower classes to personal nobility. For military recipients, it was awarded with swords. It is now usually awarded for meritorious service to the Imperial House of Russia. Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew (K.A.) (including grand dukes, who received the order at baptism, and princes of the Imperial blood, who received it at their majority) simultaneously received the first class of the Order of Saint Anna. The Emperor himself was the hereditary grand master of the Order. The motto of the Order is "Amantibus Justitiam, Pietatem, Fidem" ("To those who love justice, piety, and fidelity"). Its festival day is 3 February (New Style, 16 February). The Head of the Imperial House of Russia always is Master of the imperial Order of Saint Anna.

History

At first, the Order had but one class and was named the "Order of Anna". The statutes of the Order promulgated in 1735 established as the principal insignia a red- enameled gold cross, with an image of

Saint Anne According to Christian apocryphal and Islamic tradition, Saint Anne was the mother of Mary and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the canonical gospels. In writing, Anne's name and that of her husband Joachim come o ...

imposed upon the centre of the cross; the reverse bore the initials "A.I.P.F." (for "Anna Imperatoris Petri Filia": "Anna, Emperor Peter's daughter" in Latin). The same letters also abbreviate the Latin motto (as the letter "J" did not exist in Latin, "Iustitiam" was the original spelling of the word now rendered "Justitiam"). In 1742, Karl Peter Ulrich, Duke Karl Friedrich's son, was declared the Russian

heir apparent An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the b ...

. After arriving in Russia, he presented the Order to several courtiers. On 15 April 1797, his own son, Emperor

Paul I of Russia Paul I (russian: Па́вел I Петро́вич ; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination. Officially, he was the only son of Peter III and Catherine the Great, although Catherine hinted that he was fathered by her l ...

, established the Order as part of the

Imperial Russia The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The ...

n system of honours and divided it into three classes, renaming it the "Order of Saint Anna". Emperor

Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon 495–454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Pope Alexander I (died 115), early bishop of Rome * Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (died 320s), patriarch of A ...

added a fourth class in 1815. Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew (including grand dukes, who received the order at baptism, and princes of the Imperial blood, who received it at their majority) simultaneously received the first class of the Order of Saint Anna. The Emperor himself was the hereditary chief of the Order. The title of

Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; 29 January 1860 Old Style date 17 January. – 15 July 1904 Old Style date 2 July.) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer who is considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career ...

's well-known story ''

Anna on the Neck "Anna on the Neck" (russian: Анна на шее, translit=Anna na sheye) is an 1895 short story by Anton Chekhov Publication Chekhov sent the story to Vasily Sobolevsky, the ''Russkiye Vedomosti''s editor, on 15 October 1895.Dolotova, L.M., Orn ...

'' refers both to the Order and to the heroine. In Chapter IV of

Crime and Punishment ''Crime and Punishment'' ( pre-reform Russian: ; post-reform rus, Преступление и наказание, Prestupléniye i nakazániye, prʲɪstʊˈplʲenʲɪje ɪ nəkɐˈzanʲɪje) is a novel by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky. ...

Raskolnikov guesses that Luzhin must have, "...the Anna in his buttonhole and that he puts it on when he goes to dine with contractors or merchants."

Insignia

Image:Anna1st.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 1st class Image:Anna2nd.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 2nd class (The example shown is "with swords", for bravery in battle, and crown) Image:Anna3rd.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 3rd class Image:Anna4th.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 4th class (The insignia with imperial eagle would have been awarded to a non-Christian, for whom a Christian cross was deemed inappropriate)

Methods of wear

* 1st class: Cross worn at the bow of a broad ribbon (ten centimeters wide, worn over the left shoulder), on the right hip; star of the Order (about 95 millimeters in diameter) worn on the right breast * 2nd class: Cross worn on a neck ribbon, 45 millimeters wide * 3rd class: Cross worn on the left ribbon, suspended from a ribbon 28 millimeters wide * 4th class: Cross borne on the pommel of an edged weapon, together with a silver-tasselled sword-knot of the ribbon of the Order The medal ribbon was red with narrow yellow edging. A recipient of higher classes of the Order would not wear the insignia of lower classes, unless he had also been awarded the fourth class (the insignia of which was borne on the hilt of a sword or other edged weapon).

Bibliography

Alan W. Hazelton, ''The Russian Imperial Orders''; New York: The American Numismatic Society, 1932 (Numismatic Notes and Monograms, No. 51). Guy Stair Sainty (Ed.) “World Orders of Knighthood and Merit” London: Burke's Peerage, 2006.

Notable recipients

;1st Class *

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* Frederick Adam *

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Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Fin ...

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* Nikolai Bardovsky *

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* Ilya Berezin *

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* Vasily Gabashvili *

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* Yermolay Gamper *

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* Ivan Gannibal *

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* Vasily Golovnin * Vladimir Gorbatovsky * Eugène Goüin * Ivan Grigorovich *

Oskar Gripenberg Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg (russian: Оскар-Фердинанд Казимирович Гриппенберг, Oskar-Ferdinand Kazimirovich Grippenberg; 13 January 1838 – 7 January 1916) was a Finnish-Swedish general of the Russian Second M ...

Gustaf V Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was King of Sweden from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxe ...

* Gustaf VI Adolf * Gustav, Prince of Vasa *

Haakon VII of Norway Haakon VII (; born Prince Carl of Denmark; 3 August 187221 September 1957) was the King of Norway from November 1905 until his death in September 1957. Originally a Danish prince, he was born in Copenhagen as the son of the future Frederick V ...

Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet, (20 February 1835 – 20 September 1911) was a British diplomat and official in the Qing Chinese government, serving as the second Inspector-General of China's Imperial Maritime Custom Service (IMCS) from 1863 to ...

Lodewijk van Heiden Lodewijk Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Reichsgraf van Heiden (german: Ludwig Sigismund Vinzent Gustav Reichsgraf van Heyden, russian: Ло́ггин Петро́вич Ге́йден, transliterated Russian name: ''Loggin Petrovich Geyden''; 6 Septemb ...

Prince Heinrich of Hesse and by Rhine Prince Heinrich Ludwig Wilhelm Adalbert Waldemar Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (November 28, 1838 - September 16, 1900) was a member of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt and a General of the Cavalry. Biography He was the second son of Prince Char ...

* Herbert Holman * Dmitry Horvat *

Alexander Ievreinov Alexander Iosafovich Ievreinov (russian: Алекса́ндр Иоаса́фович Иевреинов, August 28, 1851 – 1929) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He was made a captain in 1881, a Podpolkovnik (lieuten ...

Gavriil Ignatyev Gavriil Alexandrovich Ignatyev (; 1786 – 24 March 1852) was an Imperial Russian Army general of artillery who led the defence of the Babruysk fortress and the city of Babruysk from Napoleon's forces in 1812. Honours and awards * Order of St. ...

* Illarion Vasilchikov * Alexander Imeretinsky *

Yevgeni Iskritsky Yevgeni Andreyevich Iskritsky (August 15, 1874 – July 27, 1949) was a Russian Empire and Soviet military commander, author, teacher, a hero of the First World War, lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian army, who fell in with the winning ...

* Nikola Ivanov * Grigory Ivanovich Villamov *

Archduke John of Austria Archduke John of Austria (german: Erzherzog Johann Baptist Joseph Fabian Sebastian von Österreich; 20 January 1782 – 11 May 1859), a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, was an Austrian field marshal and imperial regent (''Reichsverwese ...

* Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg *

John VI of Portugal , house = Braganza , father = Peter III of Portugal , mother = Maria I of Portugal , birth_date = , birth_place = Queluz Palace, Queluz, Portugal , death_date = , death_place = Bemposta Palace, Lisbon, Portuga ...

* Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg * Georg von Kameke *

Kyprian Kandratovich Kyprian Antonovich Kandratovich ( be, Кіпрыян Кандратовіч, Kipryjan Kandratovič, April 29, 1859 – October 31, 1932) was an Imperial Russian corps commander and the appointed commander of the armed forces of the short-lived Be ...

Nikolay Karamzin Nikolay Mikhailovich Karamzin (russian: Николай Михайлович Карамзин, p=nʲɪkɐˈlaj mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ kərɐmˈzʲin; ) was a Russian Empire, Russian Imperial historian, romantic writer, poet and critic. He is best ...

Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern , spouse = Princess Josephine of Baden , issue = Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern Stephanie, Queen of Portugal Carol I, King of Romania Prince Anthony Prince Frederick Princess Marie, Countess of Flanders , house = Hohenzo ...

Karl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Karl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (30 September 1813 – 24 October 1878) was Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg from 1831 to 1878. Karl was the eldest son of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonde ...

* Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria *

Nikolai Kashtalinsky Nikolay Aleksandrovich Kashtalinsky (russian: Николай Александрович Кашталинский) (1840 - April 17, 1917) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He fought in the Rus ...

* Alexander von Kaulbars *

Paisi Kaysarov Paisi Sergeevich Kaysarov (''Paisii Sergeevich Kaisarov''; russian: Паи́сий Серге́евич Кайса́ров; 23 May 1783 – 27 February 1844) was a Russian general who served during the Napoleonic Wars. Biography Early life Kaisar ...

* Gustav von Kessel *

Terence Keyes Brigadier-General Sir Terence Humphrey Keyes, (28 May 1877 – 26 February 1939) was an officer in the British Indian Army and the Indian Political Service.Obituary, ''The Times'', 28 February 1939 Early life and family Keyes was born on 28 May ...

Pyotr Kikin Pyotr Andreyevich Kikin (Russian: Пётр Андре́евич Ки́кин; 27 December 1775, Alatyr – 18 May 1834, Saint Petersburg?) was a Russian general and a Secretary of State under Tsar Alexander I. Biography He was one of twelve c ...

* Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen *

Vladimir Kislitsin Vladimir Alexandrovich Kislitsin (russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Кисли́цын) (born January 9, 1883, Bila Tserkva — died May 18, 1944, Harbin) was an officer in the Imperial Russian Army and later com ...

Hans von Koester Hans Ludwig Raimund von Koester (29 April 1844 – 21 February 1928) was a German naval officer who served in the Prussian Navy and later in the Imperial German Navy. He retired as a Grand Admiral. Career overview Born Hans Ludwig Raimund Koe ...

Alexander Kolchak Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (russian: link=no, Александр Васильевич Колчак; – 7 February 1920) was an Imperial Russian admiral, military leader and polar explorer who served in the Imperial Russian Navy and fought ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia ( rus, Константи́н Константи́нович, p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ, a=Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov.ru.vorb.oga; 22 August 1858 – 15 June 1915 ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia (21 September 1827 – 25 January 1892) was the Emperor's Viceroy of Poland from 1862 to 1863. Early life Konstantin Nikolayevich was born as the second son of Nicholas I and his wife, Charlotte ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia Konstantin Pavlovich (russian: Константи́н Па́влович; ) was a grand duke of Russia and the second son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. He was the heir-presumptive for most of his elder brother Alexan ...

* Konstantin Poltoratsky *

Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name ''Constantinus'' ( Constantine) in some European languages, such as Russian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor Constantine the Gr ...

Apostol Kostanda Apostol Spiridonovich Kostanda (December 24, 1817 – December 5, 1898) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He fought in wars in Crimea and Poland. He commanded the military forces in Moscow from 1888 to 1896. Awards *Order of Saint Anna, ...

Wincenty Krasiński Count Wincenty Krasiński (5 April 1782 – 24 November 1858) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), political activist and military leader. He was the father of Zygmunt Krasiński, one of Poland's Three Bards—Poland's greatest romantic poets. ...

* Vasily Kravkov * Gerhard Christoph von Krogh *

Aleksey Kuropatkin Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич Куропа́ткин; March 29, 1848January 16, 1925) served as the Russian Imperial Minister of War from January 1898 to February 1904 and as a field command ...

* Aglay Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Korovaev *

Kyrill (Dmitrieff) Archbishop Kyrill (russian: Архиепископ Кирилл, secular name Boris Mikhailovich Dmitriyev or Dmitrieff, russian: Борис Михайлович Дмитриев; born 24 November 1954), is the ruling bishop of the Western American ...

* Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy * Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev * Leonid Lesh *

Leopold I of Belgium * nl, Leopold Joris Christiaan Frederik * en, Leopold George Christian Frederick , image = NICAISE Leopold ANV.jpg , caption = Portrait by Nicaise de Keyser, 1856 , reign = 21 July 1831 – , predecessor = Erasme Lou ...

Leopold II of Belgium * german: link=no, Leopold Ludwig Philipp Maria Viktor , house = Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , father = Leopold I of Belgium , mother = Louise of Orléans , birth_date = , birth_place = Brussels, Belgium , death_date = ...

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 1794 – 22 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1817 until 1853 he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and from 1847 until 1853 also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen ...

Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov (27 February 1838 – 26 December 1906) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He participated in the war against the Ottoman Empire. Awards *Order of Saint Anna, 3rd class, 1863 *Order of Saint Stanislaus ...

* George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg * Sergei Georgievich, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg * Kazimir Vasilevich Levitsky * Émile Loubet * Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse * Prince Louis of Battenberg *

Friedrich von Löwis of Menar Friedrich von Löwis of Menar (russian: Фёдор Фёдорович Левиз, translit=Fëdor Fëdorovič Leviz; ) was a Baltic German lieutenant-general of Scottish origin, who served in the Imperial Russian Army during the Napoleonic War ...

Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria en, Louis Victor Joseph Anthony , image = Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria by L Agerer.jpg , caption = , birth_date = , birth_place = Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria , death_date = , death_place = Schloss Klessheim, Austria , burial_pl ...

Luís I of Portugal Dom Luís I (31 October 1838, in Lisbon – 19 October 1889, in Cascais), known as The Popular ( Portuguese: O Popular) was a member of the ruling House of Braganza,"While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ac ...

August von Mackensen Anton Ludwig Friedrich August von Mackensen (born Mackensen; 6 December 1849 – 8 November 1945), ennobled as "von Mackensen" in 1899, was a German field marshal. He commanded successfully during World War I of 1914–1918 and became one of ...

Sir Charles Madden, 1st Baronet Admiral of the Fleet Sir Charles Edward Madden, 1st Baronet, , (5 September 1862 – 5 June 1935) was a Royal Navy officer who served during the First World War as Chief of the Staff to Sir John Jellicoe in the Grand Fleet from 1914 to 1916 an ...

* Safarbek Malsagov * Mamia V Gurieli * Manuel II of Portugal *

Grigorios Maraslis Grigorios Maraslis ( el, Γρηγόριος Μαρασλής, russian: Григорий Григорьевич Маразли; 25 July 1831 – 1 May 1907) was an official of the Russian Empire and long-time mayor of Odesa (1878–1895) of Greek or ...

* Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia *

Maximilian I of Mexico Maximilian I (german: Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen, link=no, es, Fernando Maximiliano José María de Habsburgo-Lorena, link=no; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was an Austrian archduke who reigned as the only Emperor ...

* Leonid Maykov * Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin *

Duke Charles of Mecklenburg Duke Charles of Mecklenburg (german: Herzog Carl zu Mecklenburg) (30 November 1785 – 21 September 1837) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and a Prussian soldier who served in the Napoleonic Wars. From 1827 until his death he was P ...

Feofil Egorovich Meyendorf Baron Feofil Egorovich (von) Meyendorf (russian: Феофи́л Его́рович (фон) Мейендо́рф; german: Bogdan Theophil Freiherr von Meyendorff; 4 August 1838 – 18 October 1919) was an Imperial Russian military leader of Baltic ...

Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (25 October 1832 – 18 December 1909) was the fourth son and seventh child of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia. He was the first owner of the New Michael Palace on the Palace Quay i ...

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович, r=Mikhail Aleksandrovich; 13 June 1918) was the youngest son and fifth child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and youngest brother of Nicholas ...

* Miguel I of Portugal * Konstantin Mikhaylovsky *

Prince Mikheil of Georgia Mikheil ( ka, მიხეილი; russian: Михаил Георгиевич Грузинский, ''Mikhail Georgiyevich Gruzinsky'') (1783 – 21 November 1862) was a son of George XII, the last king of Georgia, by his second marriage to Maria ...

* Milan I of Serbia *

Mikhail Miloradovich Count Mikhail Andreyevich Miloradovich (russian: Граф Михаи́л Андре́евич Милора́дович, sh-Cyrl, Гроф Михаил Андрејевић Милорадовић ''Grof Mihail Andrejević Miloradović''; – ...

* Prince Mirian of Georgia *

Mikhail Mirkovich Mikhail Fyodorovich Mirkovich (September 17, 1836 – March 24, 1891) was an Imperial Russian regimental commander and ethnographer. He participated in the wars in Poland and against the Ottoman Empire. He is the son of Fedor Yakovlevich Mirkov ...

* Pavel Mishchenko *

Miura Gorō Viscount was a lieutenant general in the early Imperial Japanese Army. Biography Miura was born in Hagi in Chōshū Domain (modern Yamaguchi Prefecture), to a '' samurai'' family with the name of Andō, but was adopted by the Miura that w ...

* Sayyid Mir Muhammad Alim Khan * Alexander von Moller *

Helmuth von Moltke the Elder Helmuth is both a masculine German given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name; * Helmuth Theodor Bossert (1889–1961), German art historian, philologist and archaeologist *Helmuth Duckadam (born 1959), Romanian form ...

Helmuth von Moltke the Younger Graf Helmuth Johannes Ludwig von Moltke (; 25 May 1848 – 18 June 1916), also known as Moltke the Younger, was a German general and Chief of the Great German General Staff. He was also the nephew of '' Generalfeldmarschall'' ''Graf'' Helmuth ...

Rudolf Montecuccoli Rudolf Graf Montecuccoli degli Erri (22 February 1843-16 May 1922) was chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy from 1904 to 1913 and largely responsible for the modernization of the fleet before the First World War. Overview Montecuccoli was born i ...

* Nikolay Mordvinov (admiral) *

Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas Muller Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas Muller (2 April 1859 – 11 August 1941) was a Dutch entrepreneur, diplomat, and publicist who started his career as a businessman, trading with East and West Africa. In his mid-twenties he travelled to Zanzibar, M ...

* Mikhail Nikitich Muravyov * James Wolfe Murray *

Valentin Musin-Pushkin Count Valentin Platonovich Musin-Pushkin (Russian: Граф Валенти́н Плато́нович Му́син-Пу́шкин; ) was a Russian military and government official who reached the rank of field marshal. Biography Scion of a large ...

* Ivan Nabokov *

Dmitry Nadyozhny Dmitry Nikolayevich Nadyozhny (russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Надёжный; , Nizhny Novgorod - 22 February 1945, Moscow) was a commander in the Russian Imperial Army who later joined the Red Army. He rose to lieutenant genera ...

Pavel Nakhimov Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov (russian: Павел Степанович Нахимов, ; – ) was a Russian Admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy known for his victory in the Battle of Sinop and his leadership in the Siege of Sevastopol (1 ...

Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A neph ...

* Tovmas Nazarbekian * Dmitry Neverovsky *

Vasily Nezabitovsky Vasily Andreyevich Nezabitovsky (russian: Василий Андреевич Незабитовский; uk, Василь Андрійович Незабітовський; 1824 — 1883) was a jurist, born in Radomyshl in the Kiev Governorate o ...

Nicholas II of Russia Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Polan ...

* Nicholas Alexandrovich, Tsesarevich of Russia * Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891) * Arkady Nikanorovich Nishenkov *

Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin (July 17, 1848 – May 21, 1922) was an Imperial Russian corps and army commander. He fought in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. Awards Russo-Turkish War: *Order of Saint George, 4th degree ...

* Alexander Nikolaevich Volzhin * Nikolai Stogov *

August Ludwig von Nostitz August Ludwig Ferdinand Count von Nostitz-Ransen (27 December 1777, Zessel, near Öls – 28 May 1866, on his estates at Zobten, near Löwenberg in Schlesien) was a Prussian general who acted as adjutant general to Frederick William III of Prus ...

* Nikolai Obolensky *

Peter Obolyaninov Peter Khrisanfovich Obolyaninov (1752 – September 22, 1841) was a favorite of Paul I, the General of the Infantry, in 1800–01 he was a prosecutor-general. For 16 years, from 1816 to 1832 (longer than anyone else), he served as Marshal of Nobi ...

* Georgy Orbeliani * Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov * David Ivanovich Orlov *

Oscar II Oscar II (Oscar Fredrik; 21 January 1829 – 8 December 1907) was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death in 1907 and King of Norway from 1872 to 1905. Oscar was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. He inherited the Swedish and Norweg ...

Fabian Gottlieb von der Osten-Sacken Fabian Gottlieb Fürst von der Osten-Sacken (russian: Фабиа́н Вильге́льмович О́стен-Са́кен, trasnlit=Fabián Vil'gél'movič Ósten-Sáken; – ) was a Baltic German Field Marshal who led the Russian army ...

* Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906) * Otto of Bavaria * José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco *

Viktor Pashutin Viktor Vasilyevich Pashutin (Russian: Ви́ктор Васи́льевич Пашу́тин) was a Russian patophysiologist, one of the founders of the pathophysiologic school in Russia and of pathophysiology as an independent scientific discip ...

Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (german: Herzog Paul Friedrich zu Mecklenburg; 19 September 1852 – 17 May 1923) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and general of the Mecklenburg cavalry. Life Duke Paul Frederick was born i ...

Pedro V of Portugal , house = Braganza , house-type = House , father = Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry , mother = Queen Maria II of Portugal , birth_date = , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = Necessidad ...

Maurice Pellé Maurice César Joseph Pellé (18 April 1863 – 16 March 1924) was a French général de division, leader of the French Military Mission to Czechoslovakia and first Chief of staff of Czechoslovak Army from February 1919 to January 1921. Early l ...

Duke Peter of Oldenburg Duke Constantine Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (german: Konstantin Friedrich Peter; russian: Пётр Гео́ргиевич Ольденбу́ргский, translit=Pëtr Geórgievič Ol'denbúrgskij; – ) was a Duke of the House of Oldenburg. ...

* Racho Petrov * Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders * Dmitry Pikhno *

Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch (13 December 1763 – 3 April 1838) was a Prussian lieutenant general who fought in the Napoleonic Wars, participating in the battles of Leipzig and Waterloo. He is sometimes referred as Pirch I to distinguish him ...

* Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov *

Carlo Andrea Pozzo di Borgo Count Carlo Andrea Pozzo di Borgo (french: Charles-André Pozzo de Borgo, russian: Карл Осипович Поццо ди Борго, ''Karl Osipovich Potso di Borgo''; 8 March 1764 – 15 February 1842) was a Corsican politician, who later ...

Mohammad Shah Qajar Mohammad Shah (; born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar ''shah'' of Iran from 1834 to 1848, having succeeded his grandfather Fath-Ali Shah. From a young age, Mohammad Mirza was under the tutelage of Haji Mi ...

* Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar *

Naser al-Din Shah Qajar Naser al-Din Shah Qajar ( fa, ناصرالدین‌شاه قاجار; 16 July 1831 – 1 May 1896) was the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896 when he was assassinated. He was the son of Mohammad Shah Qajar and Malek ...

* Fyodor Radetsky * Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich *

Nikolai Pavlovich Raev Nikolai Pavlovich Raev (russian: Николай Павлович Раев; , Nizhny Novgorod – 26 February 1919, Armavir) was a Russian state and public figure, a teacher. Active State Councillor (1896). The last Chief Procurator of the Holy S ...

Kirill Razumovski Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovski, anglicized as Cyril Grigoryevich Razumovski (russian: Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский, uk, Кирило Григорович Розумовський ''Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovs ...

Nikolai Reitsenshtein Nikolai Karlovich Reitsenshtein (russian: Николай Карлович Рейценштейн; german: Nikolai Reitzenstein; 7 August 1854 – 26 November 1916) was a career naval officer in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role durin ...

* George Mikhailovich Romanov *

Christopher Roop Christopher Khristoforovich Roop ( Russian, Христофор Христофорович Рооп; May 1, 1831 – 1917) was an Imperial Russian army officer. He was promoted to Polkovnik (colonel) in 1857, major general in 1863 and lieutenant ...

Fyodor Rostopchin Count Fyodor Vasilyevich Rostopchin (russian: Фёдор Васильевич Ростопчин) ( – ) was a Russian statesman and General of the Infantry who served as the Governor-General of Moscow during the French invasion of Russia. ...

* Nikolay Rtishchev *

Prince Rudolf of Liechtenstein Prince Rudolf of Liechtenstein (18 April 1838 – 15 December 1908) was an Austrian aristocrat, a general in the Common Army and one of the highest officials in the court of Emperor Franz Joseph I. Biography Rudolf was the youngest child and ...

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria en, Rudolph Francis Charles Joseph , caption = Rudolf in 1887 , spouse = , issue = Elisabeth Marie, Princess Otto of Windisch-Graetz , house = Habsburg-Lorraine , father = Franz Joseph I of Austria , mother ...

* Adam Rzhevusky *

Guillaume Emmanuel Guignard, vicomte de Saint-Priest Guillaume Emmanuel Guignard, vicomte de Saint-Priest (4 March 1776, in Constantinople29 March 1814) was a French émigré general who fought in the Russian army during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was the eldest son ...

Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov (russian: Влади́мир Ви́кторович Са́харов; 20 May 1853 – 1920) was a Russian general of the cavalry who served in the Russian Imperial Army. In an army career lasting from 1869 to 1917, h ...

* Anton Yegorovich von Saltza *

Alexander Samsonov Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov (russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Самсо́нов, tr. ; ) was a career officer in the cavalry of the Imperial Russian Army and a general during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. He ...

Pavel Savvich Pavel Serg. Savvich (Russian, Павел Сергеевич Саввич, 15 February 1857 – 1917) was an Imperial Russian regimental, division and corps commander. He served twice as governor of Kiev Governorate in modern-day Ukraine. Awards ...

Johan Eberhard von Schantz Johan Eberhard von Schantz (russian: Иван Иванович фон Шанц; 29 October 1802 – 3 January 1880) was a Finnish-born admiral in the Russian Imperial Navy, ship designer and explorer. Life Schantz was born in the Western Finni ...

* Sergei Sheydeman * Eduard Schensnovich *

Yakov Schkinsky Yakov Federovich Shkinsky (4 June 1858 – 22 April 1938) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. After the October Revolution, he fought against the Bolshevik ...

* Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia * Ivan Ivanovich Shamshev *

Dmitry Shcherbachev Dmitry Grigoryevich Shcherbachev (russian: Дми́трий Григо́рьевич Щербачёв; tr. ; 18 January 1932) was a general in the Russian Army during World War I and one of the leaders of the White Movement during the Russian ...

* Ivan Shestakov *

Aliagha Shikhlinski Ali Agha Ismail Agha oghlu Shikhlinski ( az, Əli Ağa İsmayıl Ağa oğlu Şıxlinski;); – )Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January. All other dates in this article are in ...

* Dmitry Shuvayev *

Mikhail Skobelev Mikhail Dmitriyevich Skobelev (russian: Михаил Дмитриевич Скобелев; 29 September 1843 – 7 July 1882), a Russian general, became famous for his conquest of Central Asia and for his heroism during the Russo-Turkish War ...

Arkady Skugarevsky Arkady Platonovich Skugarevsky ( Russian, Аркадий Платонович Скугаревский, 17 January 1847 – ) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in World War I against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire ...

* Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov * Mikhail Sokovin * Georg von Stackelberg *

Archduke Stephen of Austria (Palatine of Hungary) Archduke Stephen Francis Victor (german: Stephan Franz Viktor; hu, István Ferenc Viktor; 14 September 1817 – 19 February 1867) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the last Palatine of Hungary, serving from 1847 to 1848. Bi ...

Hermann von Strantz Hermann Christian Wilhelm von Strantz (13 February 1853 in Nakel an der Netze – 3 November 1936 in Dessau) was a Prussian officer, and later General of Infantry during World War I. He was a recipient of Pour le Mérite. World War I In 1914, ...

Dejan Subotić Dejan Ivanovich Subotich (also spelled Dejan Subotić and Dean Subbotich; 7 May 1852 – 1920) was a Russo-Serbian military and state leader, military governor of Russian Dalian (''Primorye oblast''; 1897–1898);Transcaspian Oblast (''Zakaspiy ...

* Vladimir Sukhomlinov * Felix Sumarokov-Elston *

Sylvester Stankievich Sylvester Lvovich Stankievich (31 December 1866 – 11 March 1919) was an Imperial Russian corps commander. He fought in the war against the Empire of Japan. After the October Revolution, he fought against the Bolsheviks in the subsequent civil war ...

Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen Ludwig Samson Heinrich Arthur Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen (18 June 181526 April 1881) was a Bavarian general. Early life Born in Darmstadt, on the day of Waterloo, Ludwig was a descendant from the old family of von der Tann, whi ...

Alexander von Taube Baron Alexander Alexandrovich von Taube (21 August 1864 – January 1919) was an Imperial Russian general. He fought in the war of Russia against the Empire of Japan. In WWI - Major General, later as Lieutenant General commanding 5th Siberian I ...

* Arshak Ter-Gukasov *

Nikolai Tretyakov Nikolai Aleksandrovich Tretyakov (russian: Третьяков, Николай Александрович; 2 October 1854 – 5 February 1917) was a military engineer and general in the Imperial Russian Army, noted for his heroic role in the Siege ...

* Johann Nepomuk von Triva * Dmitry Troshchinsky *

Erast Tsytovich Erast Stepanovich Tsytovich (russian: Эраст Степанович Цытович, 28 February 1830 – 27 January 1898) was an Imperial Russian military commander. By the end of his nearly five decades of service, Tsytovich attained to the ran ...

* Georgy Tumanov *

Fyodor Tyutchev Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev ( rus, Фёдор Ива́нович Тю́тчев, r=Fyódor Ivánovič Tyútčev, links=1, p=ˈfʲɵdər ɪˈvanəvʲɪt͡ɕ ˈtʲʉt͡ɕːɪf; Pre-Reform orthography: ; – ) was a Russian poet and diplomat. ...

* Paul Simon Unterberger * Prince Valdemar of Denmark * Sergei Vasilchikov * Georgy Vasmund *

Nikolai Velyaminov Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov (russian: Николай Александрович Вельяминов) (27 February ( O.S. 15 February) 1855 in Saint Petersburg – 9 April 1920 in Petrograd) was a Russian Empire surgeon and public figure n ...

* Anthony Veselovsky *

Robert Viren Robert Nikolayevich Viren (russian: Роберт Николаевич Вирен 6 January 1857 – 14 March 1917), also known as Robert Reinhold von Wirén, was a Baltic German career naval officer in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his ...

Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Влади́мир Александрович; 22 April 1847 – 17 February 1909) was a son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia, a brother of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and the senior Gr ...

* Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia *

Nikita Volkonsky Prince Nikita Grigorievich Volkonsky (9 July 1781, Moscow, Russian Empire - 6 December 1844, Assisi, Italy) was a Russian general from the Volkonsky family. He took part in the Napoleonic wars and later converted from Orthodoxy to Roman Catholic ...

Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov Count Illarion Ivanovich Vorontsov-Dashkov (russian: Илларио́н Ива́нович Воронцов-Дашков; 27 May 1837 – 15 January 1916) was a notable representative of the Vorontsov family. He served as Minister of Imperial Pro ...

Nikolay Vuich Nikolay Vasilyevich Vuich (also spelled Nikolaj Vasiljevič Vujič or Nikolaj Vasiljević Vujić; russian: Никола́й Васи́льевич Ву́ич; 1765–27 March 1836) was an Imperial Russian general who fought in the Russo-Swedis ...

* Alfred von Waldersee *

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...

Wilhelm II, German Emperor Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (german: Kaiser) and King of Prussia, reigning from 15 June 1888 until his abdication on 9 November 1918. Despite strengthening the German Emp ...

William I, German Emperor William I or Wilhelm I (german: Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 2 January 1861 and German Emperor from 18 January 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was th ...

William II of Württemberg , spouse = , issue = Pauline, Princess of WiedPrince Ulrich , house = Württemberg , father = Prince Frederick of Württemberg , mother = Princess Catherine of Württemberg , birth_date = , birth_place = St ...

Sergei Witte Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte (; ), also known as Sergius Witte, was a Russian statesman who served as the first prime minister of the Russian Empire, replacing the tsar as head of the government. Neither a liberal nor a conservative, he attract ...

Ludwig von Wolzogen Justus Philipp Adolf Wilhelm Ludwig Freiherr von Wolzogen (4 February 1773 – 4 July 1845) was a Württembergian military officer, who served during the Napoleonic Wars. Biography Early life Wolzogen's father, Ernst Ludwig Freiherr von Wol ...

* Duke Eugen of Württemberg (1788–1857) *

Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet (Russian: Я́ков Васи́льевич Ви́ллие ''Yakov Vasilyevich Villiye'') (13 November 1768 — 2 March 1854), was a Scottish physician who served as a battlefield surgeon and as a court physician i ...

Nikolai Yanushkevich Nikolai Nikolaevich Yanushkevich (russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Янушке́вич) – 1918) was a Russian General who served as Chief of Staff of the General Headquarters (Stavka) of the Imperial Russian Army from August 1 ...

* Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov *

Nikolai Yudenich Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich ( – 5 October 1933) was a commander of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. He was a leader of the anti-communist White movement in Northwestern Russia during the Civil War. Biography Early life Yude ...

* Pavel Zelenoy *

Ferdinand von Zeppelin Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (german: Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August Graf von Zeppelin; 8 July 1838 – 8 March 1917) was a German general and later inventor of the Zeppelin rigid airships. His name soon became synonymous with airships a ...

Arthur Zimmermann Arthur Zimmermann (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1940) was State Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the German Empire from 22 November 1916 until his resignation on 6 August 1917. His name is associated with the Zimmermann Telegram during World War ...

August zu Eulenburg August Ludwig Traugott Botho Graf zu Eulenburg (22 October 1838 – 16 June 1921) was an officer in the Prussian, and later German armies, and official in the Prussian royal court. He was the younger brother of Count Botho zu Eulenburg, who se ...

* Dmitry Zuyev ;2nd Class *

Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal Alois Leopold Johann Baptist Graf Lexa von Aehrenthal (27 September 1854 – 17 February 1912) was diplomat from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Biographer Solomon Wank says he exuded a strong monarchical-conservative outlook, loyalty to the Empire, ...

* Ilyas bey Aghalarov * Akiyama Yoshifuru *

Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, (10 December 1891 – 16 June 1969) was a senior British Army officer who served with distinction in both the First and the Second World War and, afterwards, as Governor G ...

* Alexei Arbuzov (general) *

Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo and Grandee of Spain (16 September 18546 September 1927) was one of the highest court officials of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Among his ancestors were members of the House of Habsburg and the Medici famil ...

Władysław Anders ) , birth_name = Władysław Albert Anders , birth_date = , birth_place = Krośniewice-Błonie, Warsaw Governorate, Congress Poland, Russian Empire , death_date = , death_place = London, England, United Kingdom , serviceyears ...

* Nikolai Anderson *

Ivane Andronikashvili Prince Ivane Andronikashvili ( ka, ივანე ანდრონიკაშვილი), also known as Knyaz ''Ivan Malkhazovich Andronnikov'' (russian: Иван Малхазович Андронников) (1798 – November 19, 1868) was ...

* Dmitry Anuchin * Christophor Araratov * Pavel Argeyev * Arsen of Tbilisi *

Pyotr Romanovich Bagration Prince Pyotr Romanovich Bagration (russian: Пётр Рома́нович Багратио́н, ka, პეტრე რომანის (რევაზის) ძე ბაგრატიონი; 24 September 1818 – 17 January 1876), the ...

* Jaques Bagratuni *

Nikolai Baratov Nikolai Nikolaevich Baratov (russian: Николай Николаевич Баратов) (February 1, 1865 – March 22, 1932) was an Imperial Russian Army general during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Early career Baratov was born i ...

Vasily Baumgarten Vasily (Wilhelm) ''Волков, С.'Генералитет Российской империи Энциклопедический словарь генералов и адмиралов от Петра I до Николая II // А-К. — М.: ...

* John Charles Beckwith (British Army officer) *

Daniel Bek-Pirumian Daniel-Bek Abisoghomi Pirumyan ( hy, Դանիէլ Բէկ Աբիսողոմի Փիրումեան; 22 November 1861 – 1922) was an Armenian military commander who served in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and in the army of the First ...

Sergey Vasilyevich Belyaev Sergey Vasilyevich Belyaev (russian: Серге́й Васи́льевич Беля́ев; 20 September (2 October, new style) 1856, Moscow – ?) was a Major General of the Imperial Russian Army and a brigade commander of the 83th infantry divi ...

* Mikhail Berens *

Vasily Berkov Vasily Ivanovich Berkov (Russian: Василий Иванович Берков) (Dutch: Wicher Berkhoff) (21 August 1794 in Vriezenveen, Netherlands – 5 April 1870 in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Russian shipbuilder and from 1829-1870 Dire ...

* Albrecht Besserer von Thalfingen *

Vasily Biskupsky Vasily Viktorovich Biskupsky (russian: Василий Викторович Бискупский; ukr, Василь Вікторович Біскупський; 27 June 1878 – 17 June 1945) was a general in the Russian and Ukrainian armies ...

* Herbert von Bismarck * Wilhelm von Bismarck * Georgy Bobrikov *

* Woldemar von Boeckmann *

Petro Bolbochan Petro Bolbochan (October 5, 1883, Yarivka village (Romanian: Hâjdeul de Sus), now Dnistrovskyi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast - June 28, 1919, Balyn village, now Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast) was a Ukrainian military figure of Romanian ...

* Vasily Boldyrev * Julius von Bose *

Eugene Botkin Yevgeny Sergeyevich Botkin (russian: Евгений Сергеевич Боткин; 27 March 1865 – 17 July 1918), commonly known as Eugene Botkin, was the court physician since 1908 for Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra. He sometimes ...

Frīdrihs Briedis Frīdrihs Briedis (June 23, 1888 – August 28, 1918) was a Latvian colonel and one of the most famous Latvian Riflemen commanders. He was posthumously the recipient of all classes of the Order of Lāčplēsis. Early life To escape dishonest ...

* Nikolai Ilyich Bulatov * Constantin Cantacuzino (died 1877) *

Leo von Caprivi Georg Leo Graf von Caprivi de Caprara de Montecuccoli ( English: ''Count George Leo of Caprivi, Caprara, and Montecuccoli''; born Georg Leo von Caprivi; 24 February 1831 – 6 February 1899) was a German general and statesman who served as the ch ...

Mateiu Caragiale Mateiu Ion Caragiale (; – January 17, 1936), also credited as Matei or Matheiu, or in the antiquated version Mateiŭ, Sorin Antohi"Romania and the Balkans. From Geocultural Bovarism to Ethnic Ontology" in ''Tr@nsit online'', Institut für die ...

* Alexandru Cernat * Alexander Chechenskiy * Grigori Chernozubov * Seraphim Chichagov * Grigory Choglokov * Sophus Christensen *

Peter Christophersen Peter "Don Pedro" Christophersen (May 28, 1845 – August 19, 1930) was a Norwegians, Norwegian businessman, landowner, and diplomat in Argentina. Early life and family Christophersen was born in Tønsberg, the son of the customs official Ole Ch ...

* Nicolae Ciupercă * Arthur Clifton *

Norman Coates Lieutenant-Colonel Norman Coates (27 April 1890 – 21 March 1966) was a British army officer, School Head Master, and briefly a Conservative politician. First employed as a trainee accountant, he was given a commission when he enlisted in the ...

Duke Constantine Petrovich of Oldenburg Duke Constantine Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (german: Herzog Konstantin Friedrich Peter von Oldenburg; russian: Константин Петрович Ольденбургский, tr. ; 9 May 1850 – 18 March 1906) was a son of Duke Peter Georgi ...

Francis Cromie Captain (Acting) Francis Newton Allen Cromie, CB, DSO, (30 January 1882 – 31 August 1918, Petrograd) was a distinguished British Royal Navy Commander, and the de facto chief of British Intelligence operations in northern Russia for the Br ...

* Nikolai Dimitrievich Dabić *

Alexander Lvovich Davydov , native_name_lang = , birth_name = , nickname = , birth_date = 1773 , birth_place = Russian Empire , death_date = 1833 (aged 59-60) , death_place = , placeofburial = , placeofburial_label = , placeofburial_coordi ...

* Evgraf Davydov *

Anton Denikin Anton Ivanovich Denikin (russian: Анто́н Ива́нович Дени́кин, link= ; 16 December Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._4_December.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New St ...

Mikhail Diterikhs Mikhail Konstantinovich Diterikhs (russian: Михаи́л Константи́нович Ди́терихс, r=Michaíl Konstantinovič Díterichs; May 17, 1874 – September 9, 1937) served as a general in the Imperial Russian Army and subsequent ...

Vasily Andreyevich Dolgorukov Prince Vasily Andreyevich Dolgorukov (russian: Князь Василий Андреевич Долгоруков; 1804–1868) was a Russian statesman, General of the Cavalry (1856, a full General equivalent), Minister of War (1852–1856), Chief ...

* Ivan Alekseevich Dwigubski *

Alfred Mordaunt Egerton Colonel Sir Alfred Mordaunt Egerton, (30 March 1843 – 26 May 1908) was an English soldier and courtier. Early life and family Alfred Mordaunt Egerton was born on 30 March 1843, the youngest son of the Rev. Thomas Egerton and his wife, Charlo ...

* William George Keith Elphinstone *

Ivan Fyodorovich Emme Ivan Fyodorovich Emme (russian: Иван Фёдорович Эмме; 1763–1839) was a Russian lieutenant general in the Napoleonic Wars. Early years Ivan Fyodorovich Emme was born in the Governorate of Livonia as part of the Emme family on ...

* Oskar Enqvist * Nikolai Epanchin * Ludwig von Falkenhausen * Alexey Favorsky * Thomas Fellowes (Royal Navy officer, born 1778) * Frederick Field (Royal Navy officer) * Vladimir Nikolayevich Filipov *

Carl Andreas Fougstad Carl Andreas Fougstad (2 March 1806 – 3 July 1871) was a Norwegian attorney, journalist, author and elected official. He served as mayor of Oslo. Biography Fougstad was born and grew up in Alverstraumen, today in Lindås municipality in Hord ...

Robert Gardiner (British Army officer) General Sir Robert William Gardiner (2 May 1781 – 26 June 1864) was Master Gunner, St James's Park, the most senior Ceremonial Post in the Royal Artillery after the Sovereign. Military career Educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, ...

* Vasily Gavrilov *

* Webb Gillman *

Vladimir Gittis Vladimir Mikhailovich Gittis (Russian: Влади́мир Миха́йлович Ги́ттис; 24 June 1881 – 22 August 1938) was a Soviet military commander and komkor. He fought in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going o ...

Andrey Glebov , native_name_lang = , birth_name = , nickname = , birth_date = 1770 , birth_place = Berezna, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire , death_date = 24 September 1854 (aged 83-84) , death_place = near Borzna, Chernigov Go ...

* Fyodor Gogel *

William Maynard Gomm Field Marshal Sir William Maynard Gomm (10 November 178415 March 1875) was a British Army officer. After taking part in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland, he served in most of the battles of the Napoleonic Wars. During the Hundred Days he to ...

* Vladimir Gorbatovsky *

Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov Prince Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov (russian: Михаи́л Дми́триевич Горчако́в, pl, Michaił Dymitrowicz Gorczakow; – , Warsaw) was a Russian General of the Artillery from the Gorchakov family, who commanded the ...

* Pyotr Gorlov * James Grierson *

Erich von Gündell Erich Gustav Wilhelm Theodor Gündell, from 1901 named von Gündell, (13 April 1854 in Goslar – 23 December 1924 in Gottingen) was a Prussian officer, most noted as a general of infantry in World War I. Military career Erich Gündell began his ...

Vasily Gurko Vasily Iosifovich Romeyko-Gurko (russian: Васи́лий Ио́сифович Роме́йко-Гу́рко; 20 May 1864 in Tsarskoye Selo – 11 February 1937) served for a brief period as a Chief-of-Staff of the Imperial Russian Army before ...

Hovhannes Hakhverdyan Hovhannes Vasily Hakhverdyan ( hy, Հովհաննես Հախվերդյան; russian: Ованес Ахвердян, Иван Васильевич Ахвердов) (29 July 1873 – 28 April 1931) was the first Minister of Defence of the First Rep ...

Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld (4 September 1796 – 2 September 1884) was a Prussian field marshal (German: ''Generalfeldmarschall''). Biography Herwarth von Bittenfeld was born in Werther, Thuringia, into an aristocratic family which ...

Max Horton Admiral Sir Max Kennedy Horton, (29 November 1883 – 30 July 1951) was a British submariner during the First World War and commander-in-chief of the Western Approaches in the later half of the Second World War, responsible for British partici ...

* Dmitry Horvat * Reginald Hoskins * John Hobart Caradoc, 2nd Baron Howden * Dietrich von Hülsen-Haeseler *

* Nikolay Ilminsky * Karl Jessen * Alexander Kazakov * Mikhail Khilkov * Boris Khreschatitsky *

Alexander Khristiani Alexander G Khristiani (22 October 1871 – 1 November 1914) was an officer of the Imperial Russian Army in World War I. Life and career Alexander Khristiani graduated from The Second Saint Petersburg Gymnasium in 1890 and the 2nd military Kons ...

* Friedrich von Kielmansegg * Hugo W. Koehler * Roman Kondratenko *

August Kork August Ivanovich Kork (, also Аугуст Яанович Корк; 11 June 1937) was an Estonian Red Army commander (Komandarm 2nd rank) who was tried and executed during the Great Purge in 1937. Kork became an officer of the Imperial Russ ...

Lavr Kornilov Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov (russian: Лавр Гео́ргиевич Корни́лов, ; – 13 April 1918) was a Russian military intelligence officer, explorer, and general in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and the ensuing Rus ...

* Stiliyan Kovachev *

Sergey Kravkov (agronomist) Sergey Pavlovich Kravkov (in Russian: ) was a Russian soil scientist and agricultural chemist. Biography Sergey Pavlovich Kravkov was born 21 June 1873 in Ryazan in the family of a non-commissioned officer Pavel Alexeyevich Kravkov (1826-1910 ...

* Vasily Kravkov * Alexander J. Kravtsov * Petr G. Kravtsov *

Aleksandr Krymov Aleksandr Mikhailovich Krymov (russian: Крымов Александр Михайлович; 23 October 1871 – 31 August 1917) was a Russian Imperial Lieutenant General, a military commander of Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and the Russi ...

* Julius Kuperjanov * Aglay Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Korovaev *

Vladimir Kuzmin-Karavayev Vladimir Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Karavayev (russian: Владимир Дмитриевич Кузьмин-Караваев; 9 September 1859 – 17 February 1927) was a Russian legal scholar and liberal politician. Biography Graduate of His Majesty ...

* Johan Laidoner * Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy *

Hans Leesment Hans Leesment (13 February 1873 – 26 August 1944 in Tallinn) was an Estonian general. From 1919 up until 1940, he was a founder, and the president, of the Estonian Red Cross. On 24 February 1933 he was promoted to the rank of major genera ...

Alexander Karl Nikolai von Lieven Alexander Karl Nikolai Prince von Lieven (russian: Александр Александрович Ливен, Alexander Alexnadrovich Liven; 7 Jul1860 Zentene, Courland – 23 February 1914) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy. Biograph ...

Antoni Listowski Antoni Listowski (29 March 1865, Warsaw - 13 September 1927, Warsaw) was a Polish military officer. After being a mayor general of the Imperial Russian Army (from 1916 on), he became general in the Polish Armed Forces and took part in the Polish ...

* Walter von Loë *

George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan George Charles Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, (16 April 1800 – 10 November 1888), styled Lord Bingham before 1839, was an Anglo-Irish aristocrat and British Army officer. He was one of three men, along with Captain Nolan and Lord Raglan, respo ...

* Fedir Lyzohub * Pavel Maksutov * Safarbek Malsagov *

Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (, ; 4 June 1867 – 27 January 1951) was a Finnish military leader and statesman. He served as the military leader of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War of 1918, as Regent of Finland (1918–1919), as c ...

Vladimir May-Mayevsky Vladimir Zenonovich May-Mayevsky KCMG (; – 30 November 1920) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army and one of the leaders of the counterrevolutionary White movement during the Russian Civil War. Biography According to Peter Kenez, ...

* Leonid Maykov * Karim bey Mehmandarov * Emmanuel von Mensdorff-Pouilly *

Ernst von Mohl Ernst Friedrich von Mohl (July 20, 1849 – January 8, 1929) was a German ''classical philologist'' and professor. Mohl studied philosophy at the University of Tübingen and became a member of Landsmannschaft Schottland. It was during this time ...

Stefan Mokrzecki Stefan Mokrzecki of Ostoja coat of arms (1862–1932) was a general in the Russian Army and the Polish Army. During Polish-Soviet War commanded 8 DP and other units. Later member of armed forces of Republic of Central Lithuania. Retired in 1925. ...

Theodor Molien Theodor Georg Andreas Molien (russian: Fedor Eduardovich Molin; in Riga – 25 December 1941 in Tomsk) was a Russian mathematician of Baltic German origin. He was born in Riga, Latvia, which at that time was a part of Russian Empire. Molien studi ...

* Tovmas Nazarbekian *

* Alexander Nikolaevich Volzhin * Amos Norcott *

Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky ( rus, Василий Фёдорович Новицкий, - 15 January 1929) was a Russian general with a liberal, progressive viewpoint during the 19th century of Imperial Russia. During the Russian Revolution, in 19 ...

* Nikolai Obolensky * Ilia Odishelidze * David Ivanovich Orlov * Ivan Ozerov * Dmitri Parsky * Anatoly Pepelyayev * Pavel Pereleshin *

Vasily Perfilyev Vasily Vlasyevich Perfilyev (January 25, 1865 – June 25, 1914) was a Russian Empire state and public figure, the first governor of the Kamchatka Oblast (July 22, 1909 – June 18, 1912). The son of a sergeant of the Trans-Baikal Cossack army ...

* Adolph Pfingsten * Dmitry Pikhno *

Karl von Plettenberg Karl Freiherr von Plettenberg (18 December 1852, in Neuhaus – 10 February 1938, in Bückeburg) was a Prussian officer, and later General of Infantry during World War I. He was Commandant-General of the Guards Corps, Adjutant General of the ...

Alexander Stepanovich Popov Alexander Stepanovich Popov (sometimes spelled Popoff; russian: Алекса́ндр Степа́нович Попо́в; – ) was a Russian physicist, who was one of the first persons to invent a radio receiving device. declassified 8 Janua ...

* Kazimierz Porębski * Ignacy Prądzyński *

Mikhail Promtov Mikhail Nikolayevich Promtov (June 12, 1857 - 1950 or 1951) lieutenant general, artilleryman, one of the centenarians of the Imperial Russian Army, a participant in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878), the Russo-Japanese War, commander of the World W ...

* Amanullah Mirza Qajar * Fyodor Radetsky * Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich * Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł * Wilhelm von Ramming *

Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov (; 1879–1920) was a Russian and Soviet admiral. He was the first commander of the Soviet Baltic Fleet. Biography Razvozov was born into a naval family in Reval, Estonia. He graduated from the Sea Cadet Corps ...

* Paul von Rennenkampf * Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord *

* Hew Dalrymple Ross * Carlo Rossi (architect) *

Zinovy Rozhestvensky Zinovy Petrovich Rozhestvensky (russian: Зиновий Петрович Рожественский, tr. ; – January 14, 1909) was an admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy. He was in command of the Second Pacific Squadron in the Battle of Tsu ...

* Friedrich von Rüdiger * Adam Rzhevusky * Vladimir Saitov *

Pavel Schilling Baron Pavel Lvovitch Schilling (1786–1837), also known as Paul Schilling, was a Russian military officer and diplomat of Baltic German origin. The majority of his career was spent working for the imperial Russian Ministry of Foreign Aff ...

* Ioan Axente Sever *

Boris Shaposhnikov , birth_name = Boris Mikhailovitch Shaposhnikov , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Zlatoust, Ufa Governorate Russian Empire , death_place = Moscow, Soviet Union , placeofburial = Kremlin Wall Necropolis , place ...

* Sergey I. Shivtzov * Fyodor Shubin * Volodymyr Sikevych * Alexander Sirotkin * Boris Skibine * Pavlo Skoropadskyi * Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki * Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov * Mikhail Sokovin * Christian von Steven *

Pavel Sytin Pavel Pavlovich Sytin (russian: Павел Павлович Сытин) (30 July .S. 18 July1870 Skopin – 22 August 1938 Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet military leader who reached the rank of major general in the Imperial Russian Army. He fo ...

* Pyotr Telezhnikov *

Robert Richard Torrens Sir Robert Richard Torrens, (31 May 1812Croucher, Rosalind F. (2008) 'Delenda Est Carthago!' Sir Robert Richard Torrens and his attack on the evils of conveyancing and dependent land titles: a reflection on the sesquicentenary of the introdu ...

Robert Torrens (British Army officer) Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Henry Thomas Torrens (1780 – May 1840) was a British Army officer. He served with distinction at the Battle of Waterloo receiving the Companion of the Order of the Bath and the Second Class of the Order of St Anne for ...

* Richard M. Trevethan *

Charles Lawrence, 2nd Baron Trevethin Charles Trevor Lawrence, 2nd Baron Trevethin, Distinguished Service Order, DSO, Deputy Lieutenant, DL, Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin), MA (29 May 1879-25 June 1959) was a peer of the British Realm. He was the eldest surviving son of Alfred L ...

* Ivan Trutnev *

Mikhail Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky ( rus, Михаил Николаевич Тухачевский, Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevskiy, p=tʊxɐˈtɕefskʲɪj; – 12 June 1937) nicknamed the Red Napoleon by foreign newspapers, was a Sovie ...

* Georgy Tumanov * Eustachy Tyszkiewicz *

Konstantin Vakulovsky Captain Konstantin Konstantinovich Vakulovsky (born 28 October 1894, died Summer 1918) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories. A major general's son, he volunteered for aviation duty on 8 August 1914, six days after gradua ...

* Sergei Vasilchikov * Georgy Vasmund *

Julius von Verdy du Vernois Adrian Friedrich Wilhelm Julius Ludwig von Verdy du Vernois (19 July 1832 – 30 September 1910), often given the short name of Verdy, was a German general and staff officer, chiefly noted both for his military writings and his service o ...

* Vladimir Vernadsky *

Grigory Verzhbitsky Grigory Afanasyevich Verjbitsky (russian: Григорий Афанасьевич Вержбицкий) (born January 25, 1875, Letychiv, Podolia Governorate — died December 20, 1942 Tianjin, China) was one of the leaders of the White mov ...

* Anthony Veselovsky *

Wilgelm Vitgeft Wilhelm Withöft (russian: Вильгельм Карлович Витгефт, tr. ; October 14, 1847 – August 10, 1904), more commonly known as Wilgelm Vitgeft, was a Russia-German admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his servic ...

* Vladimir Vitkovsky * John Waters (British Army officer, born 1774) *

Stanley Price Weir Brigadier General Stanley Price Weir, (23 April 1866 – 14 November 1944) was a public servant and Australian Army officer. During World War I, he commanded the 10th Battalion of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) during the landing ...

Alfred Welby Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Alfred Cholmeley Earle Welby (22 August 1849 – 18 May 1937) was a Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Taunton from 1895 until 1906. He had previously served in the British Army ...

Constantin Westchiloff Constantin Alexandrovich Westchiloff born Константин Александрович Вещилов / Konstantin Aleksandrovich Veschilov was a Russian-American artist known for portraits, genre scenes, landscapes, and seascapes. He was als ...

Sergei Wojciechowski Sergey Nikolayevich Voytsekhovsky (russian: Серге́й Никола́евич Войцехо́вский; cs, Sergej Nikolajevič Vojcechovský; 16 October 1883 in Vitebsk – 7 April 1951) was a Colonel of the Imperial Russian Army, Maj ...

Lucjan Żeligowski Lucjan Żeligowski (; 17 October 1865 – 9 July 1947) was a Polish-Lithuanian general, politician, military commander and veteran of World War I, the Polish-Soviet War and World War II. He is mostly remembered for his role in Żeligowski's ...

Silvestras Žukauskas Silvestras Žukauskas ( pl, Sylwester Żukowski, russian: Сильвестр Константинович Жуковский, translit=Silvester Konstantinovich Zhukovsky; 31 December 1860 – 26 November 1937) was a Lithuanian General. He first ...

;3rd Class * Adrian Nepenin *

Alexander Afanasyev Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev (Afanasief, Afanasiev or Afanas'ev, russian: link=no, Александр Николаевич Афанасьев) ( — ) was a Russian Slavist and ethnographer who published nearly 600 Russian fairy and folk ta ...

* Ilyas bey Aghalarov *

Prince Albert of Saxe-Altenburg Prince Albert of Saxe-Altenburg (Albert Heinrich Joseph Carl Viktor Georg Friedrich; Munich, 14 April 1843 – Serrahn, 22 May 1902) was a German prince of the ducal house of Saxe-Altenburg. Biography Family and early life Prince Albert wa ...

* Nikolai Anderson * Vladimir Arsenyev * Jaques Bagratuni * Aleksei Baiov * Andrei Bakich * Edward Bamford * Alexander Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn *

* Georgy Bobrikov * Woldemar von Boeckmann *

* Vasily Boldyrev *

Fyodor Bronnikov Fyodor Andreyevich Bronnikov (russian: Фёдор Андреевич Бронников; 17 September 1827–14 September 1902) was a Russian-born history and genre painter who spent most of his life in Italy. Biography He displayed an early a ...

Jonas Budrys Jonas Budrys (born Jonas Polovinskas, 1889–1964) was a counterintelligence officer and later a Lithuanian diplomat. He is best known as the commander of Lithuanian forces during the Klaipėda Revolt in January 1923. The region was a League of Na ...

* Nikolai Ilyich Bulatov * Grigori Chernozubov * Seraphim Chichagov * Grigory Choglokov * Christopher Courtney * Nikolai Dimitrievich Dabić *

Hubert Edward Dannreuther Rear-Admiral Hubert Edward Dannreuther, Distinguished Service Order, DSO (12 December 1880 – 12 August 1977) was a British admiral and one of six survivors of the sinking of HMS Invincible (1907), HMS ''Invincible'' during the battle of Jutland ...

* Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich *

Harold Edward Elliott Major General Harold Edward "Pompey" Elliott, (19 June 1878 – 23 March 1931) was a senior officer in the Australian Army during the First World War. After the war he served as a Senator for Victoria in the Australian parliament. Elliott en ...

* Nikolai Epanchin * Gunther von Etzel *

Sergei Fyodorov (surgeon) Sergey Petrovich Fedorov (Russian: Серге́й Петро́вич Фёдоров, alternative English spelling Sergey Petrovich Fyodorov) was a Russian Empire surgeon-urologist, professor of the Imperial Military Medical Academy (1903) and the ...

* Nikolai Filatov * Vladimir Nikolayevich Filipov * Vasily Flug * Lev Galler *

* Hamilton Gault *

* Vladimir Gorbatovsky *

* John Hearson * Dmitry Horvat * Oleksander Hrekov * Karol Hutten-Czapski *

* Nikolai Ignatev * Arnolds Indriksons *

Platon Ioseliani Platon Ioseliani ( ka, პლატონ იოსელიანი) (November 15, 1810 – November 15, 1875) was a Georgian historian and civil servant in the Imperial Russian service. Educated at St Petersburg Theological Academy, Ioselian ...

* Anton Irv *

Ismayil bek Kutkashensky Ismayil bek Kutkashensky (, ) was Imperial Russian general of Azerbaijani background. In addition to being author of the first Azerbaijani literary work in French language, he is also known to be first Azerbaijani ever to be decorated with Order ...

* Leonard Jaczewski *

Alan Jerrard Alan Jerrard, VC (3 December 1897 – 14 May 1968) was an English aviator and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. An officer of the S ...

* Jonas Juška * Alexey Kaledin *

* Vladimir Kappel * Dmitry Karbyshev * Boris Khreschatitsky *

* Konstantinas Kleščinskis * Nikolai Kolomeitsev *

Nikolai Kravkov Nikolai Pavlovich Kravkov (in Russian Николай Павлович Кравков) was a prominent Russian pharmacologist, Full Member of the Imperial Military Medical Academy (1914), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Science (19 ...

* Vasily Kravkov * Alexander J. Kravtsov * Petr G. Kravtsov * Julius Kuperjanov *

Ants Kurvits Ants Kurvits or Hans Kurvits (14 May 1887 – 27 December 1943) was an Estonian military commander, reaching rank of major general. He participated in the Estonian War of Independence and later became the founder and long-time leader of the ...

* Aglay Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Korovaev *

* Leonid Lesh *

Nikolai Linevich Nikolai Petrovich Linevich, also ''Lenevich'' and ''Linevitch'' (russian: Николай Петрович Линевич, uk, Ліневич Микола Петрович; – ) was a career military officer, General of Infantry (1903) and A ...

* Ivan Loiko * Einar Lundborg *

Donat Makijonek ''Poruchik'' Donat Aduiovich Makijonek (19 May 1890 – 18 June 1941) was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories. He was the only ace of Polish ethnic heritage to fight against the Central Powers.Franks 2000, p. 85. In later ...

* Safarbek Malsagov * Karim bey Mehmandarov *

Sergei Mezheninov Sergei A Mezheninov (January 19, 1890 – September 28, 1937) was a Soviet komkor (corps commander). He fought for the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks during the subsequent civil war. During this wa ...

* Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin *

* Syla Mishchenko *

* Jan Nagórski * Jafargulu Khan Nakhchivanski *

Jamshid Nakhchivanski Jamshid Jafargulu oglu Nakhchivanski ( az, Cəmşid Cəfərqulu oğlu Naxçıvanski; August 23, 1895 – August 26, 1938), also known as Jamshid Khan Nakhichevanski, was a Russian Imperial, Azerbaijani and Soviet military commander. He rose t ...

* Tovmas Nazarbekian * Danail Nikolaev *

* Nikolai Obolensky *

Vladimir Olderogge Vladimir Alexandrovich Olderogge (August 5, 1873 – May 27, 1931) was a Russian and Soviet military leader. He was commander of the Eastern Front of the Red Army. Biography Olderogge was born July 24 (August 5), 1873 in Lublin to a Lutheran ...

* Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov * David Ivanovich Orlov *

* Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov * Georgy Polkovnikov * Peter Polovtsov *

* Feyzullah Mirza Qajar * Fyodor Radetsky * Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich * Alexander Ragoza * Yuri Rall *

Alexander Rodzyanko Alexander Pavlovich Rodzyanko (russian: Александр Павлович Родзянко; 26 August 1879 – 6 May 1970) was an officer of the Imperial Russian Army during the World War I and lieutenant-general and a corps commander of the Wh ...

* Friedrich von Rüdiger *

Carl Rustad Carl Emil Rustad (10 December 1881 – 1957) was a Norwegian military officer and director. He was born in Kristiania as a son of Lord Chamberlain Fredrik "Fritz" Frantz Michael Wilhelm Rustad (1852–1930) and Mistress of the Robes Marie Magdal ...

* Adam Rzhevusky * Vladimir Saitov *

* Victor Zaharevich Savelyev *

* Sergei Sheydeman *

* Shafi Khan Qajar *

Rodion Shchedrin Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin ( rus, Родион Константинович Щедрин, , rədʲɪˈon kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ ɕːɪˈdrʲin; born 16 December 1932) is a Soviet and Russian composer and pianist, winner of USSR State ...

Dmitry Shcherbinovsky Dmitry Anfimovich Shcherbinovsky (Russian: Дмитрий Анфимович Щербиновский; 13 January 1867, Petrovsk - 27 November 1926, Moscow) was a Russian Impressionist painter and art teacher; associated with the Peredvizhniki. ...

* Pyotr Shchetinkin *

Javad khan Shirvanski Javad Khan Shirvanski (, ) was an Azerbaijani noble and Imperial Russian general. Life He was born in 1809 in Shamakhi. He was fourth son of Mustafa Khan of Shirvan. He was brought up and educated in family palace in Shamakhi. His mother was a ...

* Volodymyr Sikevych * Alexander Sirotkin * Boris Skibine *

* Ivan Smirnov (aviator) * Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov * Mikhail Sokovin *

Viktor Spiridonov Viktor Afanasievich Spiridonov (20 December 1882 – 9 September 1944) was a researcher of various kinds of wrestling and martial arts, a Merited Master of Sports of the USSR, and a Honored Coach of the USSR. He was one of the founders of Sam ...

* Georgy Stepanov *

Mykola Stsiborskyi Mykola Stsiborskyi ( uk, Микола Сціборський), also may be spelled Stsiborsky, Stsyborsky, Ściborski, or Sciborski (1897 – August 30, 1941) was a Ukrainian nationalist politician who served on the ''Provid'', or central leadersh ...

Marceli Tarczewski Marek Marceli Józef Jan Chrzciciel Tarczewski (18 June 1782 – 30 August 1843) was a Polish lawyer, official and attorney who defended Polish conspirators, as well as publisher and freemason. He graduated in law from the Albertina University of ...

* Vasily Tchernetzov * Pyotr Telezhnikov * Valentin Ternavtsev *

Vyacheslav Tkachov Vyacheslav Matveyevich Tkachov () was a Russian general and writer. In 1913 Tkachov became military pilot of Imperial Russian Air Service. In 1914, the Russian pilot Lt. Vyacheslav Tkachov became the very first Russian pilot who shot down enemy a ...

* Fyodor Tolbukhin *

John Tovey, 1st Baron Tovey Admiral of the Fleet John Cronyn Tovey, 1st Baron Tovey, (7 March 1885 – 12 January 1971), sometimes known as Jack Tovey, was a Royal Navy officer. During the First World War he commanded the destroyer at the Battle of Jutland and then co ...

Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard Marshal of the Royal Air Force Hugh Montague Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard, (3 February 1873 – 10 February 1956) was a British officer who was instrumental in establishing the Royal Air Force. He has been described as the "Father of the ...

Vyacheslav Troyanov Vyacheslav Platonovich Troyanov (18 October 1875 – 1918) was a Russian military leader who took part in the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and the Russian Civil War. He was the organizer and first commander of the Czechoslovak Legion and achi ...

* Ivan Trutnev *

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky (russian: Константи́н Эдуа́рдович Циолко́вский , , p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin ɪdʊˈardəvʲɪtɕ tsɨɐlˈkofskʲɪj , a=Ru-Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.oga; – 19 September 1935) ...

* Georgy Tumanov *

Leonid Ustrugov Leonid Aleksandrovich Ustrugov (russian: Леонид Александрович Устругов; November 23, 1877, Moscow – February 15, 1938, Moscow) was a Russian railway engineer who served as the Minister of Railways in the White governm ...

* Sergei Vasilchikov * Georgy Vasmund * Vladimir Vitkovsky *

Tom Webb-Bowen Air Vice-Marshal Sir Tom Ince Webb-Bowen, (17 January 1879 – 29 October 1956) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force during the first half of the 20th century. Early life Tom Ince Webb-Bowen was born on 17 January 1879, the son of Thom ...

* Pyotr Wrangel *

Ivan Iosifovich Yakubovsky Ivan Iosifovich Yakubovsky (July 21, 1838 – 1911) was a general from infantry, member of the Military Council of the Russian Empire. Biography Born on July 21, 1838, came from noblemen of the Ekaterinoslav province. He was educated at the Po ...

Alexander Zelenoy Alexander Pavlovich Zelenoy (russian: Александр Павлович Зеленой, 6 September 1872 (24 August New Style), Odessa - 4 September 1922, Petrograd) was a Russian and Soviet naval commander. Graduated in naval college, particip ...

* Mikhail Zoshchenko *

;4th Class * Mikhail Alafuso * Alexei Arbuzov (general) * Tarlan Aliyarbayov * Vladimir Arsenyev * Jaques Bagratuni * Alexander Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn *

Mikhail Batorsky Mikhail Alexandrovich Batorsky (; 25 January 1890 8 February 1938) was a Red Army Komkor. The son of an officer and a member of the nobility, Batorsky fought in World War I as a staff officer, ending the war with the rank of lieutenant colonel. ...

* Seraphim Chichagov * Nikolai Epanchin *

Yury Gilsher Cavalry Second Lieutenant Yury Vladimirovich Gilsher (russian: Ю́рий Влади́мирович Ги́лшер) (27 November 1894 – 20 July 1917) was a Russian fighter ace of World War I. Initially a cavalryman, but then an airman, Gilshe ...

* Arnolds Indriksons *

Aleksander Jaakson Aleksander Jaakson (29 January 1892 – 2 October 1942) was an Estonian general and educator. After beginnings as a teacher in Türi, he served with the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, and was advanced to Staff Captain. During the disint ...

* Mykola Kapustiansky *

Valentin Kataev Valentin Petrovich Kataev (russian: Валенти́н Петро́вич Ката́ев; also spelled Katayev or Kataiev; – 12 April 1986) was a Russian and Soviet novelist and playwright who managed to create penetrating works discussing ...

* Boris Khreschatitsky * Konstantinas Kleščinskis * Nikolay Kokorin * Konstantin Poltoratsky *

Sergey Kravkov (explorer) Sergey Nikolayevich Kravkov (; 23 November 1894 – February 1942) was a Soviet hydrographer and Arctic explorer. Biography Sergey Nikolayevich Kravkov was born on 23 November 1894 in Saint Petersburg into the family of a prominent Russian phar ...

* Alexander J. Kravtsov * Yevgraf Kruten * Julius Kuperjanov *

* Johan Laidoner *

Ernst Leman Ensign Ernst Krislanovich Leman (1894–1917) was a Russian World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. Biography Ernst Krislanovich Leman was born in 1894 to a middle class Lutheran family in Latvia. Leman enlisted as a Private o ...

* Ivan Loiko *

* Safarbek Malsagov * Evgeny Messner *

Aleksandr Mirkovich Aleksandr Yakovlevich Mirkovich ( Tula, Imperial Russia, 2 February 1792 – Kaluga, Imperial Russia, 22 June 1888) was a Russian officer who fought against the French Invasion of Russia and eventually became major general of the Russian Imperial A ...

* Syla Mishchenko *

Sava Mutkurov Sava Atanasov Mutkurov ( bg, Сава Атанасов Муткуров) ( – ) was a Bulgarian officer (Major General) and politician. One of only three recipients of the Order of Bravery 1st grade, he was among the chief architects of the Bul ...

* Jan Nagórski *

* Garegin Nzhdeh * David Ivanovich Orlov *

Ivan Orlov (aviator) Podporuchik Ivan Aleksandrovich Orlov (19 January 1895 – 4 July 1917) was a Russian flying ace during World War I. He was a prewar flier, having built both gliders and an airplane, and having earned pilot's license no. 229 just prior to start ...

Aleksandr Pishvanov Praporshik Aleksandr Mikhailovich Pishvanov was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. After an unsuccessful fight against the Communist takeover of Russia, he became an American citizen in 1928. His engineering skills were ...

* Georgy Polkovnikov * Feyzullah Mirza Qajar * Alexander Ragoza * Yuri Rall *

* Alfred Saalwächter * Mikhail Safonov (pilot) *

* Sergei Sheydeman *

* Alexander Sedyakin *

* Fyodor Shubin * Volodymyr Sikevych * Alexander Sirotkin * Georgy Stepanov * Vladimir Strzhizhevsky *

Jan Syrový Jan Syrový (24 January 1888 – 17 October 1970) was a Czechoslovak general and the prime minister of Czechoslovakia during the Munich Crisis. Early life and military career Jan Syrový studied building at a technical school. Following his ...

* Vasily Tchernetzov *

Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; russian: link=no, Лев Николаевич Толстой,In Tolstoy's day, his name was written as in pre-refor ...

* Johannes Vares * Vladimir Vitkovsky *

Vasili Yanchenko ''Kapitan'' Vasili Ivanovich Yanchenko (1 January 1894 – August 1959) was a World War I flying ace credited with 16 aerial victories. He graduated his secondary education as a mechanical engineer in 1913, with an interest in aviation. He learne ...

* Mikhail Zoshchenko *

* Dmitry Zuyev * Franciszek Żwirko ;Other or Unknown Classes * James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn * Prince Adarnase of Kartli * Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg * David Murray Anderson *

John Asser General Sir Joseph John Asser, (31 August 1867 – 4 February 1949) was a British Army officer. Early career Asser was born on 31 August 1867, the son of S. B. V. Asser of Windlesham, Surrey. He entered the Dorsetshire Regiment in 1887 and wa ...

* Sir John Baddeley, 1st Baronet *

Poghos Bek-Pirumyan Poghos Bek-Pirumyan (; 8 June 1856 – 19 January 1921) was an Armenian military commander. He served as a colonel for the Russian Empire in World War I and was a commander of the Battle of Sardarabad. Biography Poghos Bek-Pirumyan was born on ...

Francis Walter Belt Francis Walter Belt (30 April 1862 – 21 August 1938) was an Australian naval commander, lawyer, explorer, and big game hunter. Born in Adelaide, he attended the Collegiate School of St Peter and clerked in the offices of his father, a barrister ...

* Jacques Bergeret * Pavel Bermondt-Avalov * Andrew Bertie * Peter von Bilderling *

Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Bismarck (28 July 1783 – 18 June 1860) was a German lieutenant general, diplomat and military writer. He wrote several major military-political works and military histories, which were very pro-Napoleon. Life He was ...

Afrikan P. Bogaewsky Afrikan Petrovich Bogaewsky ( rus, Африка́н Петро́вич Богае́вский), 8 January 1873, in Stanitsa Kamenskaya – October 1934, in Paris), from the Don Cossacks family of Bogaewskich. He was a Lieutenant General of the I ...

* Adolf von Bonin * Leimistin Broussan *

Alexander Romanovich Bruce Count Alexander Romanovich Bruce (1704–1760) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian army. He was the son of Robert Bruce (1668–1720), first commandant of St Petersburg, whose brother was Peter the Great's associate Jacob Bruce. Life ...

* Ernesto Burzagli *

Hayk Bzhishkyan Hayk Bzhishkian ( hy, Հայկ Բժշկյան, Persian هایک پزشکیان, Russian: Гайк Бжишкян, also known as Guy Dmitrievich Guy, Gai Dmitrievich Gai (Гай Дмитриевич Гай), Gaya Gai (Гая Гай), or Bzhishky ...

* Nicolae Condeescu * Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski *

Xawery Czernicki Rear Admiral Xawery Stanisław Czernicki (1882–1940) was a Polish engineer, military commander and one of the highest-ranking officers of the Polish Navy. Considered one of the founders of Polish Navy's logistical services, he was murdered by t ...

* Jan Henryk Dąbrowski *

Nicolae Dăscălescu Nicolae I. Dăscălescu (29 June 1884 – 28 September 1969) was a Romanian general during World War II. Biography He was born in a poor peasant family in Căciulești, Neamț County, Kingdom of Romania. After completing elementary school in ...

Guy Dawnay (British Army officer) Major General Guy Payan Dawnay, (23 March 1878 – 19 January 1952) was a British Army officer and merchant banker. He was the nephew of Guy Dawnay, a politician. Career Dawnay was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Coldstream Guards on 2 ...

* Léon de Witte de Haelen * Radko Dimitriev *

Alexander Ivanovich Dmitriev-Mamonov Alexander Ivanovich Dmitriev-Mamonov (Russian: Александр Иванович Дмитриев-Мамонов; 24 December 1787 in Saint Petersburg – 9 December 1836 in Moscow) was the commander of a Belarusian Hussar regiment and a b ...

Dmitry Bagration-Imeretinsky Prince Dmitry Bagration-Imeretinsky ( ka, დიმიტრი გიორგის ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი) (1799–1845) was a Georgian royal prince (''batonishvili'') of the royal Bagrationi dynas ...

Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki Prince Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki ('' en, Francis Xavier Drucki-Lubecki''; 4 January 1778–10 May 1846) was an important Polish politician, freemason and diplomat of the first half of the 19th century. He served as the minister of the ...

* Henri du Couëdic de Kerérant *

John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham John George Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, (12 April 1792 – 28 July 1840), also known as "Radical Jack" and commonly referred to in Canadian history texts simply as Lord Durham, was a British Whig statesman, colonial administrator, Governor G ...

* Johann Dzierzon * Harold Edwards (RCAF officer) * Felix Funke *

Alexander V. Golubintzev Alexander Vassilievich Golubintzev ( rus, Александр Васильевич Голубинцев; February 28, 1882 – April 19, 1963) was member of the Imperial Russian Army. He joined the army during the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. He ...

* Ernest Goüin * Władysław Gurowski *

Thomas Noel Harris Colonel Sir Thomas Noel Harris (9 October 178323 March 1860) was a British Army officer who fought during the Peninsular War and the Waterloo Campaign before finishing his career as Chief Magistrate of Gibraltar. Early life Harris was born in 1 ...

Helen Scott Hay Helen Scott Hay (January 6, 1869 — November 25, 1932) was an American Red Cross nurse and nursing educator, working in Kiev and Sofia during World War I. She was awarded the Florence Nightingale Medal by the International Red Cross Society for ...

Philip, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg Philip August Frederick (11 March 1779 – 15 December 1846) was Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg from 19 January 1839 until his death. He was a field marshal in the imperial Austrian army. Life He was the third son of Frederick V, Landgrave of H ...

* Carl von Hoffman *

David Edward Hughes David Edward Hughes (16 May 1830 – 22 January 1900), was a British-American inventor, practical experimenter, and professor of music known for his work on the printing telegraph and the microphone. He is generally considered to have bee ...

Edgar Erskine Hume Edgar Erskine Hume CBE FRSE MD (26 December 1889 – 24 January 1952) was an American physician, Major General in the U.S Army medical corps, writer and amateur ornithologist. At the time of his retirement from the Army he was the most decorate ...

Prince Levan of Georgia Levan or Leon ( ka, ლევანი, ლეონი) (2 February 1756 – 5 February 1781) was a Georgian royal prince (''batonishvili'') of the Bagrationi dynasty, born to King Heraclius II and Queen Darejan Dadiani. His career flourished in ...

John Paul Jones John Paul Jones (born John Paul; July 6, 1747 July 18, 1792) was a Scottish-American naval captain who was the United States' first well-known naval commander in the American Revolutionary War. He made many friends among U.S political elites ( ...

Karađorđe Đorđe Petrović ( sr-Cyrl, Ђорђе Петровић, ), better known by the sobriquet Karađorđe ( sr-Cyrl, Карађорђе, lit=Black George, ; – ), was a Serbian revolutionary who led the struggle for his country's independ ...

Nikolai Kashirin Nikolai Dmitrievich Kashirin (Russian: Николай Дмитриевич Каширин; 16 February 1888 – 14 June 1938) was a Soviet Komandarm 2nd rank. He fought for the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, receiving the Order of Saint Vl ...

Aleksey Khovansky (publisher) Alexey Andreyevich Khovansky (russian: link=no, Алексей Андреевич Хованский; 1814 in Penza – 29 January 1899 in Voronezh) was a publisher of the first Russian scientific linguistic journal Filologicheskie Zapiski. ...

* Aleksey Korin * Vladimir Kossogovsky *

Jan Kozietulski Baron Jan Leon Hipolit Kozietulski (4 July 1781 – 3 February 1821) was a Polish noble, military commander and an officer of the armed forces of the Duchy of Warsaw during the Napoleonic Wars. He is best remembered as the heroic commander of the P ...

* Alexey V. Kravtsov *

Mikhail Krechetnikov Michael N. Krechetnikov (russian: Михаил Никитич Кречетников, 1729, Moscow, Russian Empire – 9 May 1793, Medzhybizh, Podolie Vice-Royalty, Russian Empire) was a Russian military commander and General of Infantry (General-i ...

* Alexey Kurakin * Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie *

Lev Lagorio Lev Feliksovich Lagorio (Russian: Лев Феликсович Лагорио; 9 December 1826, Feodosia - 17 November 1905, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian painter and watercolorist, known primarily for his seascapes and maritime scenes. He was ...

Maksud Alikhanov Maksud Alikhanov-Avarsky ( Russian language: Максуд Алиханов-Аварский) (in some documents his name is spelled as Alexander Mikhailovich) (1846-1907) - Russian Lieutenant-General (April 22, 1907), Merv District Head and Tifl ...

Guglielmo Marconi Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi (; 25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer, known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system. This led to Marconi ...

Lucy Minnigerode Lucy Minnigerode (February 8, 1871 – March 24, 1935) was an American nurse in World War I, and founder of the United States Public Health Service Nursing Corps. She was the eighth American recipient of the Florence Nightingale Medal, awarded ...

* Hugh Henry Mitchell *

Vincent Barkly Molteno Vice-Admiral Vincent Barkly Molteno (30 April 1872 – 12 November 1952) was a Royal Navy officer during World War I. He fought and distinguished himself in the Battle of Jutland in April 1916, commanding from the armoured cruiser . He was ...

* Auguste de Montferrand *

Joachim Joseph André Murat Joachim Joseph André Murat (12 December 1828 – 13 March 1904) was a French politician who served as deputy for Lot from 1854 to 1889 during the Second French Empire and the French Third Republic. Birth and family Joachim Joseph André Murat, ...

Ludwik Narbutt Ludwik Narbutt ( lt, Liudvikas Narbutas) (26 August 1832 - 5 May 1863) was a Lithuanians, Lithuanian szlachta, noble and a notable military commander during the January Uprising. Son of Teodor Narbutt, he led a large unit of Polish insurgents in t ...

Joseph Cornelius O'Rourke Count Joseph Cornelius O'Rourke (Russian: Иосиф Корнилович Орурк; also Ioseph Kornilovich O'Rourke) (1772–1849) was a Russian nobleman and military leader of Irish origin who fought in the Napoleonic Wars and achieved the r ...

* Mārtiņš Peniķis * Constantin Poenaru * Sir John Pollock, 4th Baronet *

Dighton Probyn General Sir Dighton Macnaghten Probyn, (21 January 1833 – 20 June 1924) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Com ...

* Mohammad Taqi Mirza Rokn ed-Dowleh * Eric Gascoigne Robinson *

Roman Vorontsov Count (1760) Roman Illarionovich (Larionovich) Vorontsov (1717–1783) was a Full Chamberlain (1746), General-Chef (1761), Senator (1760), Vladimir, Penza and Tambov Governor-General (1778–1783), one of the first figures of Russian Freemasonr ...

* Alexey Schastny *

Fyodor Schechtel Fyodor Osipovich Schechtel (russian: Фёдор О́сипович Ше́хтель; August 7, 1859 – July 7, 1926) was a Russian architect, graphic artist and stage designer, the most influential and prolific master of Russian Art Nouveau and ...

Alexei Senyavin Alexei Naumovich Senyavin (also spelled Sinyavin) (russian: Алексей Наумович Сенявин) (5 October 1716 – 10 August 1797) was an admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy, son of Naum Senyavin. Early career Senyavin began his c ...

Andrei Shkuro Andrei Grigoriyevich Shkuro (russian: Андре́й Григо́рьевич Шкуро́, Ukrainian: Андрій Григорович Шкуро; 19 January 1887 ( O.S.: 7 January) – 17 January 1947) was a Lieutenant General (1919) of th ...

* Boris Shteifon * Josip Šokčević * Constantin Stamati * Curt von Stedingk * Dmitry Strukov *

Jerzy Świrski Jerzy Włodzimierz Świrski (5 April 1882, Kalisz – 12 June 1959, London) was a Polish vice admiral and officer in the Russian Imperial Navy and later the Polish Navy. As Chief of the Polish Naval Command (1925-1947), he was a member of an e ...

Stanisław Tatar Stanisław Tatar ''nom de guerre'' "Stanisław Tabor" (October 3, 1896 – December 16, 1980) was a Polish Army colonel in the interwar period and, during World War II, one of the commanders of Armia Krajowa, Polish resistance movement. He was app ...

Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood Samuel John Gurney Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood, (24 February 1880 – 7 May 1959), more commonly known as Sir Samuel Hoare, was a senior British Conservative politician who served in various Cabinet posts in the Conservative and National ...

Constantin von Tischendorf Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf (18 January 18157 December 1874) was a German biblical scholar. In 1844, he discovered the world's oldest and most complete Bible dated to around the mid-4th century and called Codex Sinaiticus a ...

Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner General Sir Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner KC (12 January 1764 – 6 May 1843), known as Sir Hilgrove Turner, is best known as the officer who escorted the Rosetta Stone from Egypt to England. Military career Turner was commissioned as an Ensign ...

* Haim Aharon Valero * Albert Vizentini *

Ivan Illarionovich Vorontsov Count Ivan Illarionovich Vorontsov (russian: Иван Илларионович Воронцов; 1719-1786) was a senator, acting chamberlain, president of the Collegium of Estates in Moscow. Biography Ivan Illarionovich Vorontsov was an uncle o ...

* Baldwin Wake Walker * Eric Sherbrooke Walker * Nikolay Yung *

Nikanor Zakhvatayev Nikanor Dmitrievich Zakhvatayev (russian: Никанор Дмитриевич Захватаев; 26 July 1898 – 15 February 1963) was a Soviet general and army commander. Biography Zakhvatayev was born in Gari in what is now Malmyzhsky Di ...

* Mikhail Zasulich *

Yakov Zhilinsky Yakov Grigoryevich Zhilinsky (russian: Я́ков Григо́рьевич Жили́нский; 27 March 1853 – 1918) was a Russian cavalry general, chief of staff of the Imperial Russian Army from 2 February 1911 to 4 March 1914. He was co ...

* Theodoor Johan Arnold van Zijll de Jong

References

External links

*
Order of St. Anna
*
History of the order of St. Anna
{{Authority control 1735 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire 18th-century awards * Orders of chivalry of Russia Saint Anna, Order of Saint Anna, Order of Saint Anne