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The Ontario Line is an under-construction
rapid transit Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy rail or metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. A rapid transit system that primarily or traditionally runs below the surface may be c ...
line in
Toronto Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anchor ...
, Ontario, Canada. Its northern terminus will be at
Eglinton Avenue Eglinton Avenue is a major east–west arterial thoroughfare in Toronto and Mississauga in the Canadian province of Ontario. The street begins at Highway 407 (but does not interchange with the tollway) at the western limits of Mississauga, as a ...
and
Don Mills Road Don, don or DON and variants may refer to: Places *County Donegal, Ireland, Chapman code DON *Don (river), a river in European Russia * Don River (disambiguation), several other rivers with the name * Don, Benin, a town in Benin * Don, Dang, a v ...
, at Science Centre station, where it will connect with
Line 5 Eglinton Line 5 Eglinton (also known as the Eglinton Crosstown or the Crosstown) is a light rail line that is under construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Metrolinx and operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), the line will be part o ...
. Its southern terminus will be at the existing
Exhibition GO Station Exhibition GO Station is a GO Transit railway station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station is one of the Lakeshore West line stations between Toronto and Hamilton. It is located west of downtown Toronto at Exhibition Place, an area of conven ...
on the
Lakeshore West line Lakeshore West is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends from Union Station in Toronto to Hamilton, with occasional trips extending to St. Catharines and Niagara Falls. His ...
. The Ontario Line was announced by the
Government of Ontario The government of Ontario (french: Gouvernement de l'Ontario) is the body responsible for the administration of the Canadian province of Ontario. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown—represented in the province by the lieutenant governor� ...
on April 10, 2019. , the estimated cost for the line was $17 to $19 billion with an estimated completion in 2031. Originally, the cost was estimated at $10.9billion with completion by 2027. A groundbreaking ceremony for the project took place on March 27, 2022. Upon opening, the plan is for the line to take over the "Line 3" moniker currently used by
Line 3 Scarborough Line 3 Scarborough (originally known as the Scarborough RT or SRT) is a light rapid transit line that is part of the Toronto subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The line runs entirely within the suburban district of Scarborough, encompas ...
.


Project history


Downtown Relief Line

Plans for an east–west downtown subway line date back to the early 20th century, most of which ran along Queen Street. In the 1980s, plans first emerged for a "Downtown Relief Line" that would provide capacity relief to the Yonge segment of Line 1 and the Bloor–Yonge interchange station, and extend subway service coverage in the city's east end. Efforts to increase capacity on Line 1 included longer, walk through trains, as well as the transition to
automatic train control Automatic train control (ATC) is a general class of train protection systems for railways that involves a speed control mechanism in response to external inputs. For example, a system could effect an emergency brake application if the driver do ...
to increase the frequency of service. However, by 2012, the Toronto Transit Commission stated that a relief line will be required by the 2030s, given the overcrowding and high demand along the Yonge corridor. Since the early 21st century, studies proposed a line that would run south from
Line 2 Bloor–Danforth Line 2 Bloor–Danforth is a subway line in the Toronto subway system, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It has 31 stations and is in length. It opened on February 26, 1966, and extensions at both ends were completed in 1968 a ...
at a point east of the Don River before bending westward along Queen Street into
Downtown Toronto Downtown Toronto is the main central business district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located entirely within the district of Old Toronto, it is approximately 16.6 square kilometres in area, bounded by Bloor Street to the northeast and Dupont Str ...
. The Relief Line was included in the regional transportation plan ''
The Big Move The Big Move is the regional transportation plan (RTP) published by Metrolinx for the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) in Ontario, Canada. It makes specific recommendations for transit projects, resulting from seven "green papers" and ...
'' and was noted as one of
Metrolinx Metrolinx is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario that manages and integrates road and public transport in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), which comprises much of Ontario's Golden Horseshoe region. Headquartered at Union S ...
's top 15 transit priorities. In the mid-2010s, the City of Toronto developed plans for this line, known as the " Relief Line South", between
Pape station Pape is a subway station on the Bloor–Danforth line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station opened in 1966 and is located in Toronto's Greektown neighbourhood at the northeast corner of Pape Avenue and Lipton Avenue, just north of Danforth ...
on Line 2 Bloor–Danforth and
Osgoode station Osgoode is a subway station on Line 1 Yonge–University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station, which opened in 1963, is located under University Avenue where it is crossed by Queen Street West and is named for the nearby Osgoode Hall, which ...
on Line 1 Yonge–University. In August 2018, an alignment was approved by the Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation, and Parks. It was estimated that the Relief Line South would cost around $6.8billion and open in the late 2020s. In early 2019, the Ontario government announced its intention to take over subway construction in Toronto from the TTC.


Ontario Line

In a surprise announcement in April 2019, the Ontario government presented the Ontario Line proposal, which at that time appeared to incorporate much of the routing and many of the station locations of the Relief Line. Unlike the city's design, the Ontario Line would be a "standalone" line, one that would use lighter rolling stock and shorter trainsets than the
Toronto Transit Commission The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is the public transport agency that operates bus, subway, streetcar, and paratransit services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, some of which run into the Peel Region and York Region. It is the oldest and largest ...
's existing subway lines. Members of Toronto City Council expressed their concerns that the new line would set back the delivery of rapid transit and potentially waste money the city had already spent on the Relief Line's design. Metrolinx prepared the plan for the Ontario Line in just three months based on a proposal by transit consultant Michael Schabas. Metrolinx hired Schabas in December 2018 to lead a team to transform the Relief Line plans into the Ontario Line. Schabas supported using lighter metro vehicles such as those used in London's
Docklands Light Railway The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) is an automated light metro system serving the redeveloped Docklands area of London, England and provides a direct connection between London's two major financial districts, Canary Wharf and the City of Londo ...
, as such vehicles were deemed more suitable for steeper grades and elevated structures. A draft plan was ready by January 31, 2019. Doug Ford approved the plan after a February 26 presentation. Metrolinx kept the project a secret until the government chose to announce it on April 10. As initially announced in April 2019, the route of the Ontario Line seemed to follow much of the route of the Relief Line, beginning at
Exhibition Place Exhibition Place is a publicly owned mixed-use district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located by the shoreline of Lake Ontario, just west of downtown. The site includes exhibit, trade, and banquet centres, theatre and music buildings, monuments, ...
, travelling northeast to King and Bathurst Streets, then northeast to Spadina Avenue and Queen Street. It then proceeded eastward through downtown along Queen Street before turning southeast in the area of Parliament Street south to Eastern Avenue. The line had one station on King Street and Sumach Street, then made an east–west crossing of the Lower Don River to a station at Broadview and Eastern Avenue. The line proceeded northeast to Pape Avenue and
Danforth Avenue Danforth Avenue (informally also known as the Danforth) and Danforth Road are two historically-related arterial streets in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Danforth ''Avenue'' is an east-west street that begins in Old Toronto at the Prince Edward ...
and continued north along Pape Avenue, making a north–south crossing of the Don River to the
Thorncliffe Park Thorncliffe Park is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the former Borough of East York. The City of Toronto recognizes Thorncliffe Park's boundaries as the Don River on the south side; Leaside Bridge, Millwood Road, and Laird Driv ...
neighbourhood. The line continued northeast along Don Mills Road to terminate at Don Mills Road and Eglinton Avenue. The announcement that the line would extend to a new station at Ontario Place stirred controversy, as Premier
Doug Ford Douglas Robert Ford Jr. (born November 20, 1964) is a Canadian politician and businessman who has served as the 26th and current premier of Ontario since June 2018 and leader of the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party since March 2018. He r ...
had spoken of transforming Ontario Place, previously a family-oriented venue, into an adult-oriented
casino A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertai ...
complex. Some suspected that the plan to extend the line to Ontario Place was aimed at visiting gamblers, not Ontarians. Ford denied that the extension was related to any casino plans. '' The Globe and Mail'' reported that no previous plan had ever considered making Ontario Place a rapid transit destination and that the announcement surprised everyone, including
mayor of Toronto The mayor of Toronto is the head of Toronto City Council and chief executive officer of the municipal government. The mayor is elected alongside city council every four years on the fourth Monday of October; there are no term limits. While in ...
John Tory John Howard Tory (born May 28, 1954) is a Canadian politician who has served as the 65th and current mayor of Toronto since 2014. After a career as a lawyer, political strategist and businessman, Tory ran as a mayoral candidate in the 2003 ...
. In July 2019, the ''
Toronto Star The ''Toronto Star'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper. The newspaper is the country's largest daily newspaper by circulation. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and pa ...
'' obtained and reported on confidential documents from
Metrolinx Metrolinx is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario that manages and integrates road and public transport in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), which comprises much of Ontario's Golden Horseshoe region. Headquartered at Union S ...
. The documents showed that the proposed route would be markedly different from that of the Relief Line South and involve significant lengths of at-grade or elevated track. The Ontario Place station was eliminated, with an Exhibition station added near the
Exhibition GO Station Exhibition GO Station is a GO Transit railway station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station is one of the Lakeshore West line stations between Toronto and Hamilton. It is located west of downtown Toronto at Exhibition Place, an area of conven ...
. The section between Queen/Sherbourne and Gerrard stations would come to the surface and mostly follow a railway right-of-way instead of being tunnelled. The new route would substitute a Corktown station about west of the proposed location for Sumach station on the Relief Line. The Ontario Line would share less than half the planned route of the Relief Line between Osgoode and Pape stations. In October 2019, Tory and Ford reached a tentative deal in which the city would endorse the line and the TTC's subway network would not be taken over by the provincial government. The deal was later approved by Toronto City Council in a 22 to 3 decision.


Procurement

The Ontario Line project is being delivered through various
public–private partnership A public–private partnership (PPP, 3P, or P3) is a long-term arrangement between a government and private sector institutions.Hodge, G. A and Greve, C. (2007), Public–Private Partnerships: An International Performance Review, Public Administ ...
s (P3), progressive design–build and traditional procurement contracts, which are all being staged accordingly for their successful delivery. The contracts are:


Rolling stock, systems, operations and maintenance

On June 2, 2020,
Infrastructure Ontario The Ministry of Infrastructure is a ministry responsible for public infrastructure in the Canadian province of Ontario. The current minister is Kinga Surma. It is currently responsible for two crown agencies: Waterfront Toronto and Infrastructure ...
(IO) and
Metrolinx Metrolinx is a Crown agency of the Government of Ontario that manages and integrates road and public transport in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), which comprises much of Ontario's Golden Horseshoe region. Headquartered at Union S ...
issued a request for qualification (RFQ) for rolling stock, systems, operations and maintenance (RSSOM), marking the first phase of procurement for the Ontario Line. On November 17, 2022, Metrolinx and Infrastructure Ontario awarded the contract to Connect 6ix, a consortium including
Hitachi Rail () is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is the parent company of the Hitachi Group (''Hitachi Gurūpu'') and had formed part of the Nissan ''zaibatsu'' and later DKB Group and Fuyo G ...
, Webuild,
Transdev Transdev, formerly Veolia Transdev, is a French-based international private-sector company which operates public transport. It has operations in 17 countries and territories as of November 2020. History The group was formed by the merger of V ...
,
IBI Group IBI Group Inc. is a Canadian-based architecture, engineering, planning, and technology firm operating from over 60 offices in 12 countries across the world. Founded in 1974 in Toronto, Canada, IBI Group has since been ranked as one of the largest ...
, among others, with a projected in-service date of 2031. This contract will include design, construction, operation and ongoing maintenance of: * Rolling stock, to be built by consortium member
Hitachi Rail () is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is the parent company of the Hitachi Group (''Hitachi Gurūpu'') and had formed part of the Nissan ''zaibatsu'' and later DKB Group and Fuyo G ...
* Maintenance and storage facility for the rolling stock, and an operations and control facility * Train operations, including using an automated automated unattended train operation system * Systems including track, signalling systems, CCTV, passenger information


Southern civil, stations and tunnel

On June 2, 2020, Infrastructure Ontario (IO) and Metrolinx issued an RFQ for the southern portion, marking the first phase of procurement for the Ontario Line. On November 9, 2022, Metrolinx and Infrastructure Ontario awarded the contract to Ontario Transit Group, a consortium including
Ferrovial Ferrovial, S.A. (), previously Grupo Ferrovial, is a Spanish multinational company involved in the design, construction, financing, operation (DBFO) and maintenance of transport infrastructure and urban services. It is a publicly traded company ...
, VINCI,
AECOM AECOM (, ; formerly AECOM Technology Corporation) is an American multinational infrastructure consulting firm. AECOM has approximately 51,000 employees, and is number 157 on the 2019 Fortune 500 list. The company's official name from 1990 t ...
, GHD, among others, with a projected completion date of 2030. This contract will include design and construction of: * A tunnel through downtown Toronto from Exhibition to Don Yard portal (west of Don River) * Seven stations including four new standalone underground stations (King-Bathurst, Queen-Spadina, Moss Park, Corktown), two underground interchange stations (Queen-Yonge and Osgoode) and one above ground station (Exhibition) * Other civil engineering work (including emergency exits) prior to mechanical and electrical systems installation by the RSSOM contract


North Pape tunnel and underground stations

On November 17, 2022, Metrolinx and Infrastructure Ontario issued an RFQ for the northern portion between Gerrard station and the Don Valley Bridge. This contract will include construction of: * of tunnel underneath Pape Avenue * Two underground stations – one standalone (Cosburn) and one interchange (Pape) * Other civil engineering work (including emergency exits) prior to mechanical and electrical systems installation by the RSSOM contract


Elevated guideway and stations

On November 17, 2022, Metrolinx and Infrastructure Ontario issued an RFQ for the northern portion between the Don Valley Bridge and Ontario Science Centre. This contract will include construction of: * of elevated guideway * Five elevated stations (Riverside-Leslieville, Gerrard, Thorncliffe Park, Flemingdon Park, Science Centre), including connections to
Line 5 Eglinton Line 5 Eglinton (also known as the Eglinton Crosstown or the Crosstown) is a light rail line that is under construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Metrolinx and operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), the line will be part o ...
at Science Centre * Other civil engineering work (including emergency exits) prior to mechanical and electrical systems installation by the RSSOM contract


Revision of estimates

In July 2019, the estimated completion date was 2027. By December 2020, the completion date had been revised to 2030. Metrolinx said that the original completion date was based on market conditions that since 2019 had changed dramatically. By November 2022, the completion date was being reported as 2031. In 2019, the estimated cost of the line was to be about $10.9 billion. By November 2022, that estimate had nearly doubled to $17 to $19 billion. The provincial government claimed that the higher estimate was due to inflation and supply issues.


Construction

A ground-breaking ceremony attended by Ford, Tory, and other politicians and officials was held on March 27, 2022, at
Exhibition Place Exhibition Place is a publicly owned mixed-use district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located by the shoreline of Lake Ontario, just west of downtown. The site includes exhibit, trade, and banquet centres, theatre and music buildings, monuments, ...
, despite no major contracts having been awarded at that point. By the end of August 2022, buildings at the site of the future Corktown station had been demolished to allow for construction to start in 2023. In the meantime, archeologists were allowed on site to document any historical findings. Following the awarding of major contracts in November 2022, major design and construction work of the rolling stock, systems, operations and maintenance (RSSOM) and southern civil, stations and tunnel contracts were anticipated to commence in 2023.


Concerns

After a draft of the Ontario Line's business case was disclosed in July 2019, a number of concerns were raised by transit experts: * Doubts were expressed that the line could be completed within budget and by 2027. Metrolinx plans to start the procurement process in 2020 to allow bidding companies to comment on the feasibility of the 2027 completion date. The estimated completion had been revised to 2030 by December 2020. * It may be challenging to fit the Ontario Line along GO Transit's Lakeshore East corridor. The Ontario Line would need to be added to three existing overpasses. If the Ontario Line requires widening of the Lakeshore East embankment, property acquisitions may be required including nearby houses, businesses and community facilities. In September 2020, Metrolinx said the platform area of the former
Grand Trunk Railway The Grand Trunk Railway (; french: Grand Tronc) was a railway system that operated in the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario and in the American states of Connecticut, Maine, Michigan, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont. The ra ...
's Riverdale railway station gave the rail corridor extra width at Queen Street; thus, the Ontario Line would not impact the adjacent Jimmie Simpson Community Centre. * Flood mitigation projects and reconstruction of the Gardiner Expressway at Lower Don River may impede Ontario Line construction. * There are doubts that passengers can alight and board smaller Ontario Line trains quickly enough to achieve the projected 90-second train frequency. Metrolinx insists the frequency can be met by reducing station dwell times. * There is a concern that winter conditions may adversely affect train operations on an elevated track like
Line 3 Scarborough Line 3 Scarborough (originally known as the Scarborough RT or SRT) is a light rapid transit line that is part of the Toronto subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The line runs entirely within the suburban district of Scarborough, encompas ...
, which also uses light metro technology. * The elevated structures may have a greater environmental impact with respect to noise, vibration and visual presence than with an underground right-of-way. Metrolinx proposes using mitigation strategies involving "systems, maintenance and track design" to reduce noise and vibration, and new community spaces and parks "to offset (the) visual impact and footprint of the elevated structure". Another design decision Metrolinx must make is whether the elevated structure along Don Mills Road would be above or beside the road. In September 2020, Metrolinx said it would build noise walls along the rail corridor between Gerrard and East Harbour stations. * Some of the savings for surface construction may be partially offset by the cost of building surface-to-tunnel transitions at Cherry Street and at Gerrard Street. * Operating costs for the above-ground sections may be higher due to exposure to the elements. * Operating the Ontario Line along an elevated Lakeshore East embankment might require slower speeds in order to navigate grades and curves.


Description


Route

The following route description is based on a revised plan issued by Metrolinx in September and October 2020, plus a revision published in April 2021. The northeastern terminus of the Ontario Line would be Science Centre station at Don Mills Road and Eglinton Avenue. This station would be a transfer point for
Line 5 Eglinton Line 5 Eglinton (also known as the Eglinton Crosstown or the Crosstown) is a light rail line that is under construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Metrolinx and operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), the line will be part o ...
and
TTC buses The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) uses buses and other vehicles for public transportation. In 2018, the TTC bus system had 159 bus routes carrying over 264million riders over of routes with buses travelling in the year. , the TTC has 192 bu ...
. The Ontario Line platform would be on an elevated structure above Science Centre station's bus terminal, located north of Eglinton Avenue on the east side of Don Mills Road. Continuing south on an elevated structure, the line would cross Eglinton Avenue and then cross to the west side of Don Mills Road, passing through Flemingdon Park station located on a northwest corner opposite Gateway Boulevard. Immediately south of this station, the line would turn west along the
Hydro One Hydro One Limited is an electricity transmission and distribution utility serving the Canadian province of Ontario. Hydro One traces its history to the early 20th century and the establishment of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario ( ...
right-of-way, and cross the Don Valley on a new bridge. Continuing west on the other side of the valley, the line would pass the Ontario Line maintenance and storage facility. The line would jog south to Overlea Boulevard and then jog west on the north side of that street on an elevated structure. The line would pass through
Thorncliffe Park Thorncliffe Park is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the former Borough of East York. The City of Toronto recognizes Thorncliffe Park's boundaries as the Don River on the south side; Leaside Bridge, Millwood Road, and Laird Driv ...
station, which would be over the western portion of Thorncliffe Park Boulevard. Continuing west on an elevated structure, the line would curve south over Millwood Road across the Don Valley on a new bridge roughly parallel and west of Leaside Bridge. On the south side of the valley crossing, the line would enter a tunnel under Minton Place. From Minton Place, the line would continue south under Pape Avenue, passing through Cosburn and Pape stations. The tunnel, mainly under Pape Avenue, would bow slightly to the west at Cosburn station, and slightly to the east at Pape station to avoid digging up the street to construct the station structures. At Pape station, the Ontario Line would connect with
Line 2 Bloor–Danforth Line 2 Bloor–Danforth is a subway line in the Toronto subway system, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It has 31 stations and is in length. It opened on February 26, 1966, and extensions at both ends were completed in 1968 a ...
. South from Pape station, the line would travel roughly under Pape Avenue, emerging to the surface just north of Gerrard Street. The line would then enter Gerrard station on an elevated structure over the intersection of Gerrard Street and Carlaw Avenue. South of Gerrard station, the Ontario Line would run along the northwest side of GO Transit's Lakeshore East rail corridor located on an embankment. (The rail corridor has three tracks with provision for a fourth. With the construction of the Ontario Line, the corridor would eventually have six tracks.) The route would continue along the railway right-of-way, passing Riverside–Leslieville station at Queen Street East and continuing to East Harbour station, east of the Don River, on the south side of Eastern Avenue, where a new GO train station would be built on the surface. The Ontario Line would cross the Don River on a new bridge located on the north side of the existing rail bridge. After crossing the river, the line would pass the GO Transit Don Yard before descending into a tunnel just east of Cherry Street. The route would turn north under the east side of Berkeley Street through Corktown station at King Street. Between King and Queen Streets, the line would make a broad north-to-west curve to run west under Queen Street through Moss Park station (between Shuter and Sherbourne Streets), Queen station (at Yonge Street) and Osgoode station (at University Avenue). The line would continue westward to a Queen–Spadina station, then diagonally southwest via a King–Bathurst station to Strachan Avenue. The line would turn westward again, coming to the surface just west of Strachan Avenue on the north side of the railway corridor along Exhibition Place, before arriving at Exhibition station, its southwestern terminus.


Maintenance and storage facility

The Ontario Line maintenance and storage facility (OLMSF) will occupy a site north of Overlea Boulevard, between Beth Nealson Drive and the CP Rail North Toronto Corridor. It will be located near the future Thorncliffe Park station. The facility would store 200 trains and have a maximum capacity of 250. Construction of the MSF would require the demolition of an Islamic centre and a shopping plaza that includes local businesses such as the popular Iqbal Halal Foods, serving the primarily Muslim population of Thorncliffe Park. In December 2021, Metrolinx made a $49.5million agreement with the Islamic Society of Toronto to move to a larger facility at 20 Overlea Boulevard. Metrolinx would help relocate businesses within Thorncliffe Park. However, Save TPARK, a neighbourhood group, opposed the proposed location of the MSF as an unwelcome encroachment on the neighbourhood; it wanted Metrolinx to choose another location and offer the community more affordable housing.


Miscellaneous

In 2019, Metrolinx was considering a means to link Exhibition station to
Ontario Place Ontario Place is an entertainment venue, event venue, and park in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The venue is located on three artificial landscaped islands just off-shore in Lake Ontario, south of Exhibition Place, and southwest of Downtown Toronto. ...
to the south. Options to provide the link included a
people mover A people mover or automated people mover (APM) is a type of small scale automated guideway transit system. The term is generally used only to describe systems serving relatively small areas such as airports, downtown districts or theme parks. ...
or cable cars. The Government of Ontario plans to use smaller train sets and a smaller gauge for the Ontario Line than those used on the Toronto subway system. The City of Toronto's " Relief Line" proposal was expected to use existing heavy-rail rolling stock that is also used on Lines 1, 2, and 4. By using driverless trains with
automatic train control Automatic train control (ATC) is a general class of train protection systems for railways that involves a speed control mechanism in response to external inputs. For example, a system could effect an emergency brake application if the driver do ...
(ATC), Metrolinx expects the line to be as frequent as the existing heavy rail lines despite using smaller, lighter trains. In conjunction with ATC, stations will have platform-edge doors for safety, also allowing riders to exit and enter trains more quickly. The government also claims the alternate technology will reduce construction time and cost, as single tunnels rather than dual tunnels could be utilized. Most of the proposed stations on the Ontario Line will facilitate transfers between other forms of public transport, and the majority will provide transfers to other rail-based transportation (GO Transit, TTC subway and streetcar). According to Metrolinx, the new line will do more than provide relief to overcrowding on Toronto's existing subway system: it will provide new connections to the communities of Flemingdon Park and Thorncliffe Park. As
Line 3 Scarborough Line 3 Scarborough (originally known as the Scarborough RT or SRT) is a light rapid transit line that is part of the Toronto subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The line runs entirely within the suburban district of Scarborough, encompas ...
is scheduled to be decommissioned in 2023, well before the opening of the Ontario Line, it is expected the Ontario Line will inherit Line 3's number and line colour of blue on maps and wayfinding.


Stations

The line will have 15 stations, with 4 connecting to other Toronto subway and light rail line, and 2 stations connecting to
GO Transit rail services GO Transit rail services are provided throughout the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) and the Greater Golden Horseshoe. The GO Transit rail fleet consists of 90 MPI MP40 locomotives and 979 Bombardier BiLevel Coaches. In , the system had ...
. Other stations have connections to
Toronto Transit Commission The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is the public transport agency that operates bus, subway, streetcar, and paratransit services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, some of which run into the Peel Region and York Region. It is the oldest and largest ...
streetcar and bus services. Station names and other details are subject to change.


Science Centre

The Ontario Line will serve Science Centre station at Eglinton Avenue, providing a connection to Line 5 Eglinton. The elevated Ontario Line station will be along Don Mills Road at the northeast corner of its intersection with Eglinton Avenue. Passengers will be able to access rail services from either the station's southwest or northeast entrance as well as from the adjacent bus terminal. The station will have three levels, with the Line 5 platforms below street level, the bus terminal at street level and the Ontario Line platforms above street level. Escalators, elevators and interior corridors will be available to facilitate transfers. It will also have
side platform A side platform (also known as a marginal platform or a single-face platform) is a platform positioned to the side of one or more railway tracks or guideways at a railway station, tram stop, or transitway. A station having dual side platfor ...
s, an unusual setup for rapid transit terminal stations in Toronto, which almost always feature centre platforms. There will be tail tracks at the north end of the Ontario Line platforms extending north past Wynford Drive. These will be used to store trains and to provide for future northward expansion.


Flemingdon Park

Flemingdon Park station will be located on the west side of Don Mills Road at the north side of its intersection with Gateway Boulevard. It will be constructed at the site of a parking lot. , Metrolinx has not indicated the location of entrances and exits for this station. However, this station will be closer to the
Ontario Science Centre The Ontario Science Centre, formally the Centennial Museum of Science and Technology, is a science museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located near the Don Valley Parkway about northeast of downtown on Don Mills Road just south of Eglin ...
's main entrance than Science Centre station.


Thorncliffe Park

Thorncliffe Park station will be located on the north side of Overlea Boulevard over Thorncliffe Park Drive. (Overlea Boulevard and Thorncliffe Park Drive intersect at two places within Thorncliffe Park. The station is at the western of the two intersections.) , Metrolinx has not indicated the location of entrances and exits for this station.


Cosburn

Cosburn station will be located at Cosburn Avenue and have a centre platform. It will be located under the west side of Pape Avenue so as to avoid digging up Pape Avenue itself during construction. , Metrolinx has not indicated the location of entrances and exits for this station.


Pape

The Ontario Line will serve the existing Pape station, providing a connection to
Line 2 Bloor–Danforth Line 2 Bloor–Danforth is a subway line in the Toronto subway system, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It has 31 stations and is in length. It opened on February 26, 1966, and extensions at both ends were completed in 1968 a ...
at
Danforth Avenue Danforth Avenue (informally also known as the Danforth) and Danforth Road are two historically-related arterial streets in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Danforth ''Avenue'' is an east-west street that begins in Old Toronto at the Prince Edward ...
. Running slightly east of Pape Avenue, the Ontario Line will have a centre platform under Line 2 at the station. Metrolinx expects the Ontario Line connection at Pape station will reduce rush-hour congestion at Bloor–Yonge station by 22 percent. There are plans for an additional station entry directly from Danforth Avenue.


Gerrard

Gerrard will be located diagonally over the intersection of Gerrard Street East and Carlaw Avenue west of the Gerrard Square shopping mall. A retail
strip mall A strip mall, strip center or strip plaza is a type of shopping center common in North America where the stores are arranged in a row, with a sidewalk in front. Strip malls are typically developed as a unit and have large parking lots in front. ...
with a No Frills supermarket will be demolished to make way for the station structure. The station structure will be separate from the parallel railway bridge and embankment. The Ontario Line station will have centre platforms and two entrances. One entrance will be on the east side of Carlaw Avenue north of Gerrard Street. A second entrance will be on the south side of Gerrard Street adjacent to Gerrard Carlaw Parkette.


Riverside–Leslieville

Originally named Leslieville, Riverside–Leslieville will be located on the railway bridge over Queen Street East on the boundary between the Riverside (west side) and Leslieville (east side) neighbourhoods. The elevated Ontario Line station will have a centre platform and two entrances. One entrance will be on the north side of Queen Street under the bridge. A second entrance will be on the south side of Queen Street at the west side of the railway embankment. The GO Transit rail corridor will be on the east side of the Ontario Line tracks, but there will be no GO Transit railway station here. Metrolinx plans to rebuild the bridge over Queen Street in order to have it rise over street level instead of the current .


East Harbour

East Harbour station will be an intermodal station with GO Transit trains and will be located between Eastern Avenue and the Don River along GO Transit's Lakeshore East / Stouffville rail corridor. It is also a proposed station for
SmartTrack SmartTrack is a municipal proposal to enhance GO Transit rail service within Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It takes advantage of the province's existing GO Transit Regional Express Rail plans. SmartTrack has evolved since it was originally proposed b ...
service. There is also a future proposal to extend streetcar service south along Broadview Avenue into the Port Lands in the vicinity of East Harbour station. The station will service a future office development. East Harbour station will be built along the existing railway embankment. The station would have six tracks passing through it, two tracks for the Ontario Line on the northwest side of the railway embankment plus four tracks for GO trains on its southeast side. At East Harbour, there would be three platforms each serving a pair of tracks: one platform for Ontario Line trains, one for westbound GO trains and another for eastbound GO trains.


Corktown

Corktown station will be located at the southeast corner of King and Berkeley Streets straddling the Corktown neighbourhood and the
Old Town In a city or town, the old town is its historic or original core. Although the city is usually larger in its present form, many cities have redesignated this part of the city to commemorate its origins after thorough renovations. There are ma ...
. There will be an emergency exit on the north side of Front Street, just east of Berkeley Street. The tunnel will be under the land on the east side of Berkeley Street. The two city blocks bounded by Berkeley, King and Parliament Streets, and north of Parliament Square Park will be razed for tunnel launch shafts. (Construction will not affect the park itself.) The southern city block is the site of the First Parliament, and Metrolinx will allow archeologists to examine the site for artifacts before it is destroyed by construction. Once the site is prepared, a tunnel-boring machine will launch north and west from the site while another launches south and east towards the Don Yard.


Moss Park

Moss Park station will be located at the northwest corner of Queen and Sherbourne Streets next to the Moss Park Arena. At this point, the line will be under the southern edge of Moss Park (where the Moss Park Armoury is located), rather than under Queen Street. Only one entrance is planned, and plans for an emergency exit are not yet known.


Queen

The line will serve the existing Queen station, providing a connection to Line 1 Yonge–University at Yonge Street. Running under Queen Street, it will cross under Line 1 at the station; the Lower Queen
ghost station A ghost station is a disused train station through which revenue-service passenger trains (especially rapid transit trains) pass but at which they do not stop. The term is also sometimes used for any unused underground station or any unused st ...
(a remnant of the never-completed Queen subway line) will be used for transferring between the two lines. Queen station already has seven entrances, including some in the
Toronto Eaton Centre The Toronto Eaton Centre (corporately styled as the CF Toronto Eaton Centre since September 2015, and commonly referred to simply as the Eaton Centre) is a shopping mall and office complex in the downtown core of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is ...
and at the
Hudson's Bay Queen Street Hudson's Bay Queen Street is a building complex on the southwest corner of Yonge Street and Queen Street West in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was originally named the Simpson's Department Store, and operated as the flagship store of the ...
complex, and no additional entrances are planned. Because of the urban density near Queen station, in August 2021, Metrolinx proposed closing Queen Street to road traffic between Victoria and Bay Streets and to streetcar traffic between Church and York Streets for 4.5 years for station construction. Road access would still be available to access parking facilities and truck delivery areas. Pedestrian access would also be provided. Metrolinx would construct new eastbound streetcar tracks along York and Adelaide Streets. During the Queen Street closure, westbound 501 Queen streetcars would divert via Church, Richmond and York Streets while eastbound streetcars would divert via York, Adelaide and Church Streets. After Queen Street reopens to through traffic, the new eastbound streetcar tracks on Adelaide Street would be retained to provide the TTC with flexibility for future diversions. The City of Toronto also intends to restore streetcar tracks on Adelaide Street between Charlotte and York Streets in addition to the restoration of tracks between York and Victoria Streets.


Osgoode

The line will serve the existing Osgoode station, providing a connection to Line 1 Yonge–University. At University Avenue, the Ontario Line will run under Queen Street and cross under Line 1 at the station. The station will have two additional entrances. One entrance will be at the northeast corner of Queen Street and University Avenue. This will be in a corner of the gardens on the
Osgoode Hall Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original -storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode ...
grounds. A second new entrance will be at the southwest corner of Queen and Simcoe Streets, one block west of University Avenue, where a bank building stands. The façade of the bank building will be dismantled and preserved for use on the new station entrance building. , Mayor John Tory and the Law Society of Ontario (co-owner of Osgoode Hall along with the Province of Ontario) objected to placing an entrance on a corner of the Osgoode Hall grounds as this would require the removal of a section of lawn, some urban tree cover and a section of a cast-iron fence. The city prefers that space be taken from the northbound lanes on University Avenue, but Metrolinx says building a shaft there would conflict with Line 1 running below. Rather than await a City of Toronto technical review of the site due in 2023, Metrolinx announced it would cut down five trees by early December 2022 in order to do an archeological assessment.


Queen–Spadina

Queen–Spadina station will be located directly under Queen Street West at its intersection with Spadina Avenue. Station entrances will be located at the southwest and northeast corners of the intersection. Ontario Line riders will be able to transfer to a 501 Queen or 510 Spadina streetcar at surface stops without having to fully cross a street. The station building design will feature heritage attributes by retaining the façade of buildings to be demolished for station construction.


King–Bathurst

King–Bathurst station will be located at the intersection of King Street West and Bathurst Street. The line will pass diagonally under the southeast corner of the intersection. Station entrances will be located at the northeast and southeast corners of the intersection. Connections to the 504 King and 511 Bathurst streetcars will be available on the surface. The station building design will feature heritage attributes by retaining the façade of buildings to be demolished for station construction.


Exhibition

Exhibition station will be located on the north side of Exhibition GO station along GO Transit's Lakeshore West rail corridor. There will be a shared concourse between the Ontario Line and GO Transit train services. A Metrolinx goal is to reduce congestion at Union Station by 14 percent by encouraging passengers to use the Ontario Line. Riders can also transfer to the 509 and 511 streetcars at Exhibition Loop. The portal to the tunnelled portion of the line will be just east of the station platforms. Tail tracks will extend west of the platforms to Dufferin Street and will be used to provide for future westward expansion, to store trains, and to turn back trains. At Exhibition station, the Ontario Line will have separate arrival and departure platforms with the turnback switches being west of the platforms. There will be a substation at 153 Dufferin Street, opposite
Dufferin Gate Loop Dufferin Gate Loop, also known as Dufferin Loop, is a Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) bus station and turning loop for streetcars near the southern end of Dufferin Street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. During the Canadian National Exhibition (CNE ...
. A new station entrance will be built at 1 Atlantic Avenue.


Expansion plans

The
Ontario Ministry of Transportation The Ministry of Transportation (MTO) is the provincial ministry of the Government of Ontario that is responsible for transport infrastructure and related law in Ontario. The ministry traces its roots back over a century to the 1890s, when the pr ...
(MTO) released the ''Connecting the GGH: A Transportation Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe'' to provide a 30-year vision for enhanced mobility within and across the Greater Golden Horseshoe (GGH), including future expansion plans for the Ontario Line. The MTO is planning a conceptual cross-regional rapid transit corridor that includes a "transit loop that connects the Ontario Line to new major transit hubs where regional services connect, including
Pearson International Airport Lester B. Pearson International Airport , commonly known as Toronto Pearson International Airport, is an international airport located in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. It is the main airport serving Toronto, its metropolitan area, and the surro ...
in Mississauga and Richmond Hill Centre, and to other subway and GO Rail lines". Titled the "Ontario Line Loop Connection", this conceptual corridor would be anchored around Pearson International Airport, downtown Toronto and Richmond Hill Centre, with an alignment from Pearson International Airport southeast to
Kipling Station Kipling is the western terminus station of Line 2 Bloor–Danforth of the Toronto subway system. The station is served by buses and subway trains operated by the Toronto Transit Commission and is adjacent to the Kipling GO Station on the Milton ...
, then east to Exhibition GO (the western terminus of the original Ontario Line plans as announced by the Ontario government in April 2019), then operating on the planned Ontario Line alignment to
Ontario Science Centre The Ontario Science Centre, formally the Centennial Museum of Science and Technology, is a science museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located near the Don Valley Parkway about northeast of downtown on Don Mills Road just south of Eglin ...
(the eastern terminus of the original Ontario Line plans), then north to Richmond Hill Centre and west to Pearson International Airport along an undetermined route. This proposal is currently unfunded and is anticipated to be implemented by 2051.


Notes


References


External links


Metrolinx Ontario Line project site
* {{Canadianmetros Proposed Toronto rapid transit projects 2030s in rail transport