Events
Pre-1600
*
335 –
Athanasius
Athanasius I of Alexandria, ; cop, ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲡⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲓⲕⲟⲥ or Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲁ̅; (c. 296–298 – 2 May 373), also called Athanasius the Great, ...
is banished to
Trier
Trier ( , ; lb, Tréier ), formerly known in English as Trèves ( ;) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle in Germany. It lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the ...
, on the charge that he prevented a
grain
A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit ( caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legu ...
fleet from sailing to
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth ( Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
.
*
680
__NOTOC__
Year 680 ( DCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 680 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
– The
Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople.
*
921
__NOTOC__
Year 921 ( CMXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* March – Battle of Pegae: Bulgarian forces under ''kavhan'' (first ...
–
Treaty of Bonn: The Frankish kings
Charles the Simple and
Henry the Fowler
Henry the Fowler (german: Heinrich der Vogler or '; la, Henricus Auceps) (c. 876 – 2 July 936) was the Duke of Saxony from 912 and the King of East Francia from 919 until his death in 936. As the first non- Frankish king of East Francia, ...
sign a
peace treaty
A peace treaty is an agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, which formally ends a state of war between the parties. It is different from an armistice, which is an agreement to stop hostilities; a surr ...
or 'pact of friendship' () to recognize their borders along the
Rhine
The Rhine ; french: Rhin ; nl, Rijn ; wa, Rén ; li, Rien; rm, label=Sursilvan, Rein, rm, label=Sutsilvan and Surmiran, Ragn, rm, label=Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader and Puter, Rain; it, Reno ; gsw, Rhi(n), including in Alsatian dialect, Al ...
.
*
1426 –
uprising: rebels emerge victorious against the
Ming army in the
Battle of
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...
taking place in , in now
Hanoi
Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi i ...
.
*
1492 – The
Ensisheim meteorite, the oldest
meteorite
A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon. When the original object en ...
with a known date of impact, strikes the Earth around noon in a
wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeolog ...
field outside the village of
Ensisheim,
Alsace
Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it ha ...
, France.
*
1504 –
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus
* lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo
* es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón
* pt, Cristóvão Colombo
* ca, Cristòfor (or )
* la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was a ...
returns from his fourth and last voyage.
1601–1900
*
1619
Events
January–June
* January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Co ...
–
Elizabeth Stuart is
crowned Queen of Bohemia.
*
1665
Events
January–March
* January 5 – The ''Journal des sçavans'' begins publication of the first scientific journal in France.
* February 15 – Molière's comedy '' Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre'', based on the Spanis ...
– ''
The London Gazette
''The London Gazette'' is one of the official journals of record or government gazettes of the Government of the United Kingdom, and the most important among such official journals in the United Kingdom, in which certain statutory notices are ...
'', the oldest surviving journal, is first published.
*
1775
Events
Summary
The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
–
John Murray, the
Royal Governor of the
Colony of Virginia
The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colonial empire, English colony in North America, following failed attempts at settlement on Newfoundland (island), Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey GilbertG ...
, starts the first mass emancipation of slaves in North America by issuing
Lord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation, which offers freedom to slaves who abandoned their colonial masters to fight with Murray and the British.
*
1786
Events
January–March
* January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw.
* January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of En ...
– The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as the
Stoughton Musical Society.
*
1811
Events
January–March
* January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana.
* January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón B ...
–
Tecumseh's War
Tecumseh's War or Tecumseh's Rebellion was a conflict between the United States and Tecumseh's Confederacy, led by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh in the Indiana Territory. Although the war is often considered to have climaxed with William Henry Ha ...
: The
Battle of Tippecanoe is fought near present-day
Battle Ground, Indiana, United States.
*
1837 – In
Alton, Illinois
Alton ( ) is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about north of St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 25,676 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the River Bend area in the Metro-East region of the ...
,
abolitionist
Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people.
The British ...
printer
Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot dead by a mob while attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.
*
1861 –
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by state ...
:
Battle of Belmont
The Battle of Belmont was fought on November 7, 1861 in Mississippi County, Missouri. It was the first combat test in the American Civil War for Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, the future Union Army general in chief and eventual U.S. president, ...
: In
Belmont, Missouri,
Union forces led by
General
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry.
In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". O ...
Ulysses S. Grant overrun a
Confederate camp but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.
* 1861 – The first
Melbourne Cup
The Melbourne Cup is a Thoroughbred horse race held in Melbourne, Australia. It is a 3200-metre race for three-year-olds and over, conducted by the Victoria Racing Club on the Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Victoria as part of the Me ...
horse race is held in
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/ Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a me ...
,
Australia.
*
1874 – A
cartoon
A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of imag ...
by
Thomas Nast in ''
Harper's Weekly
''Harper's Weekly, A Journal of Civilization'' was an American political magazine based in New York City. Published by Harper & Brothers from 1857 until 1916, it featured foreign and domestic news, fiction, essays on many subjects, and humor, ...
'', is considered the first important use of an
elephant
Elephants are the largest existing land animals. Three living species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantidae ...
as a symbol for the
United States Republican Party
The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP ("Grand Old Party"), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. The GOP was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists who opposed the Kansas–Nebraska Act, ...
.
*
1881
Events
January–March
* January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans.
* January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The C ...
–
Mapuche uprising of 1881:
Mapuche
The Mapuche ( (Mapuche & Spanish: )) are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of Patagonia. The collective term refers to a wide-ranging ethnicity composed of various groups who s ...
rebels destroy the Chilean settlement of
Nueva Imperial after defenders fled to the hills.
*
1885 – The completion of Canada's first transcontinental railway is symbolized by the
Last Spike ceremony at
Craigellachie, British Columbia.
*
1893 –
Women's suffrage
Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Beginning in the start of the 18th century, some people sought to change voting laws to allow women to vote. Liberal political parties would go on to gran ...
: Women in the U.S. state of
Colorado
Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the wes ...
are granted the right to vote, the second state to do so.
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), ...
–
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War ( af, Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo–Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the South ...
: The
Battle of
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...
takes place, during which the
Royal Canadian Dragoons
The Royal Canadian Dragoons (RCD) is the senior armoured regiment of the Canadian Army by precedence. It is one of three armoured regiments in the Regular Force and forms part of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps.
The colonel-in-chief of The RC ...
win three
Victoria Cross
The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious award of the British honours system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previously ...
es.
* 1900 – The
People's Party is founded in
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
.
1901–present
*
1907 – saves the entire town of by driving a burning train full of
dynamite six kilometres (3.7 miles) away before it can explode.
*
1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...
– The first
air freight shipment (from
Dayton, Ohio
Dayton () is the sixth-largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County. A small part of the city extends into Greene County. The 2020 U.S. census estimate put the city population at 137,644, while Greater ...
, to
Columbus, Ohio
Columbus () is the state capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Ohio. With a 2020 census population of 905,748, it is the 14th-most populous city in the U.S., the second-most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, an ...
) is undertaken by the
Wright brothers and department store owner Max Morehouse.
*
1912 – The (now ) opens in the Berlin neighborhood of
Charlottenburg, with a production of
Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classic ...
's ''
Fidelio
''Fidelio'' (; ), originally titled ' (''Leonore, or The Triumph of Marital Love''), Op. 72, is Ludwig van Beethoven's only opera. The German libretto was originally prepared by Joseph Sonnleithner from the French of Jean-Nicolas Bouilly, w ...
''.
*
1913 – The first day of the
Great Lakes Storm of 1913, a massive blizzard that ultimately killed 250 and caused over $5 million (about $118,098,000 in 2013 dollars) damage. Winds reach hurricane force on this date.
* 1914 – The
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
colony of
Kiaochow Bay and its centre at
Tsingtao are captured by Japanese forces.
*
1916 –
Jeannette Rankin
Jeannette Pickering Rankin (June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973) was an American politician and women's rights advocate who became the first woman to hold federal office in the United States in 1917. She was elected to the U.S. House of Represent ...
is the first woman
elected to the
United States Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...
.
* 1916 –
Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of P ...
is
reelected as
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...
.
* 1916 –
Boston Elevated Railway Company's streetcar No. 393 smashes through the warning gates of the open Summer Street drawbridge in
Boston, Massachusetts, plunging into the frigid waters of Fort Point Channel, killing 46 people.
*
1917 – The
October Revolution
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key mome ...
, which gets its name from the Julian calendar date of
25 October
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as ...
, occurs, according to the Gregorian calendar; on this date, the Bolsheviks storm the
Winter Palace
The Winter Palace ( rus, Зимний дворец, Zimnij dvorets, p=ˈzʲimnʲɪj dvɐˈrʲɛts) is a palace in Saint Petersburg that served as the official residence of the Emperor of all the Russias, Russian Emperor from 1732 to 1917. The p ...
.
* 1917 –
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
: The
Third Battle of Gaza ends, with British forces capturing
Gaza
Gaza may refer to:
Places Palestine
* Gaza Strip, a Palestinian territory on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea
** Gaza City, a city in the Gaza Strip
** Gaza Governorate, a governorate in the Gaza Strip Lebanon
* Ghazzeh, a village in ...
from the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
.
*
1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
– The
1918 influenza epidemic spreads to
Western Samoa
Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands ( Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands ( Manono and Apolima); a ...
, killing 7,542 (about 20% of the population) by the end of the year.
* 1918 –
Kurt Eisner
Kurt Eisner (; 14 May 1867 21 February 1919)"Kurt Eisner – Encyclopædia Britannica" (biography), ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2006, Britannica.com webpageBritannica-KurtEisner. was a German politician, revolutionary, journalist, and theatre c ...
overthrows the
Wittelsbach dynasty in the
Kingdom of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German E ...
.
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...
– The first
Palmer Raid is conducted on the second anniversary of the
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its monarchy and adopt a socialist form of government ...
. Over 10,000 suspected communists and anarchists are arrested in 23 U.S. cities.
*
1920 –
Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow
Tikhon of Moscow (russian: Тихон Московский, – ), born Vasily Ivanovich Bellavin (russian: Василий Иванович Беллавин), was a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). On 5 November 1917 ( OS) he wa ...
issues a decree that leads to the formation of the
Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
The Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (russian: Ру́сская Правосла́вная Це́рковь Заграни́цей, lit=Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, translit=Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' Zagranitsey), also called Ru ...
.
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholi ...
– In New York City, the
Museum of Modern Art
The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues.
It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, ...
opens to the public.
*
1931
Events
January
* January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics.
* January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa.
* January 22 – Sir I ...
– The
Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed on the anniversary of the
October Revolution
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key mome ...
.
*
1933 –
Fiorello H. La Guardia is elected the 99th
mayor of New York City
The mayor of New York City, officially Mayor of the City of New York, is head of the executive branch of the government of New York City and the chief executive of New York City. The mayor's office administers all city services, public proper ...
.
*
1936 –
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...
: The
Madrid Defense Council is formed to coordinate the
Defense of Madrid against
nationalist forces.
*
1940 – In
Tacoma, Washington
Tacoma ( ) is the county seat of Pierce County, Washington, United States. A port city, it is situated along Washington's Puget Sound, southwest of Seattle, northeast of the state capital, Olympia, Washington, Olympia, and northwest of Mount ...
, the
original Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapses in a
windstorm, a mere four months after the bridge's completion.
*
1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January– August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar E ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
: Soviet
hospital ship
A hospital ship is a ship designated for primary function as a floating medical treatment facility or hospital. Most are operated by the military forces (mostly navies) of various countries, as they are intended to be used in or near war zones. ...
''
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ...
'' is sunk by German planes while evacuating refugees and wounded military and staff of several
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a p ...
n hospitals. It is estimated that over 5,000 people died in the sinking.
*
1944 – Soviet spy
Richard Sorge, a half-Russian, half-German World War I veteran, is hanged by his Japanese captors along with 34 of his ring.
* 1944 –
Franklin D. Roosevelt is
elected for a record fourth term as President of the United States.
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – ...
– The first oil was taken in
Oil Rocks (Neft Daşları), the world's oldest offshore oil platform.
*
1956 –
Suez Crisis
The Suez Crisis, or the Second Arab–Israeli war, also called the Tripartite Aggression ( ar, العدوان الثلاثي, Al-ʿUdwān aṯ-Ṯulāṯiyy) in the Arab world and the Sinai War in Israel,Also known as the Suez War or 1956 Wa ...
: The
United Nations General Assembly
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; french: link=no, Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN. Cur ...
adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
to immediately withdraw their troops from
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Med ...
.
* 1956 –
Hungarian Revolution:
János Kádár returns to Budapest in a Soviet armored convoy, officially taking office as the next Hungarian leader. By this point, most armed resistance has been defeated.
*
1957
1957 (Roman numerals, MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday, common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, t ...
–
Cold War: The
Gaither Report calls for more American missiles and
fallout shelters.
*
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
–
Carl B. Stokes
Carl Burton Stokes (June 21, 1927 – April 3, 1996) was an American politician and diplomat of the Democratic Party who served as the 51st mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. Elected on November 7, 1967, and taking office on January 1, 1968, he was ...
is elected as Mayor of
Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American ...
mayor of a major American city.
* 1967 – US President
Lyndon B. Johnson signs the
Public Broadcasting Act of 1967
The Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 () issued the congressional corporate charter for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), a private nonprofit corporation funded by taxpayers to disburse grants to public broadcasters in the United ...
, establishing the
Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
*
1972 –
United States presidential election
The election of the president and the vice president of the United States is an indirect election in which Citizenship of the United States, citizens of the United States who are Voter registration in the United States, registered to vote in o ...
: U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
is re-elected in the largest landslide victory at the time.
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: ...
– The
United States Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...
overrides President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
's veto of the
War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– In
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million pe ...
, a joint force of people and soldiers takes part in an uprising led by Colonel
Abu Taher that ousts and kills Brigadier
Khaled Mosharraf
Khaled Mosharraf, Bir Uttom ( bn, খালেদ মোশাররফ; 9 November 1937 – 7 November 1975) was a Bangladeshi military officer known for his role in the Bangladesh Liberation War. Khaled was the Sector Commander of Banglades ...
, freeing the then
house-arrested army chief and future
president Maj-Gen. Ziaur Rahman.
*
1983 –
United States Senate bombing: A bomb explodes inside the
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol, often called The Capitol or the Capitol Building, is the Seat of government, seat of the Legislature, legislative branch of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government, which is form ...
. No one is injured, but an estimated $250,000 in damage is caused.
* 1983 –
Cold War: The
command post exercise
A military exercise or war game is the employment of military resources in training for military operations, either exploring the effects of warfare or testing strategies without actual combat. This also serves the purpose of ensuring the comb ...
Able Archer 83 begins, eventually leading to the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
to place air units in
East Germany
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
and
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 mill ...
on alert, for fear that
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
was preparing for war
*
1987 – In
Tunisia
)
, image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa
, image_map2 =
, capital = Tunis
, largest_city = capital
, ...
, president
Habib Bourguiba
Habib Bourguiba (; ar, الحبيب بورقيبة, al-Ḥabīb Būrqībah; 3 August 19036 April 2000) was a Tunisian lawyer, nationalist leader and statesman who led the country from 1956 to 1957 as the prime minister of the Kingdom of ...
is overthrown and replaced by Prime Minister
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ( ar, زين العابدين بن علي, translit=Zayn al-'Ābidīn bin 'Alī; 3 September 1936 – 19 September 2019), commonly known as Ben Ali ( ar, بن علي) or Ezzine ( ar, الزين), was a Tunisian politician ...
.
* 1987 – The
Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system in
Singapore
Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
opens for passenger service.
*
1989 –
Douglas Wilder wins the governor's seat in
Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography an ...
, becoming the first elected
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American ...
governor in the United States.
* 1989 –
David Dinkins becomes the first
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American ...
to be elected
Mayor of New York City
The mayor of New York City, officially Mayor of the City of New York, is head of the executive branch of the government of New York City and the chief executive of New York City. The mayor's office administers all city services, public proper ...
.
* 1989 –
East German
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
Prime Minister
Willi Stoph
Wilhelm Stoph (9 July 1914 – 13 April 1999) was a German politician. He served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 1964 to 1973, and again from 1976 until 1989. H ...
, along with his entire cabinet, is forced to resign after huge anti-government protests.
*
1990 –
Mary Robinson
Mary Therese Winifred Robinson ( ga, Máire Mhic Róibín; ; born 21 May 1944) is an Irish politician who was the 7th president of Ireland, serving from December 1990 to September 1997, the first woman to hold this office. Prior to her elect ...
becomes the first woman to be elected
President of the Republic of Ireland.
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
–
Magic Johnson
Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr. (born August 14, 1959) is an American former professional basketball player. He is often regarded as the greatest point guard of all-time and has been compared with Stephen Curry. Johnson played 13 seasons in th ...
announces that he is
HIV
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two species of '' Lentivirus'' (a subgroup of retrovirus) that infect humans. Over time, they cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which progressive failure of the immu ...
-positive and retires from the
NBA.
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...
–
WXYC, the student radio station of the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which r ...
, launches the world's first
internet radio broadcast.
*
1996 –
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.
NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
launches the
Mars Global Surveyor.
* 1996 –
ADC Airlines Flight 086 crashes on approach to
Murtala Muhammed International Airport, in
Lagos
Lagos ( Nigerian English: ; ) is the largest city in Nigeria and the second most populous city in Africa, with a population of 15.4 million as of 2015 within the city proper. Lagos was the national capital of Nigeria until December 1991 f ...
,
Nigeria
Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of G ...
, killing all 144 people on board.
*
2000
File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from ...
– The controversial
US presidential election is later resolved in the
Bush v. Gore Supreme Court case, electing
George W. Bush as the 43rd President of the United States.
* 2000 – The U.S.
Drug Enforcement Administration
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA; ) is a Federal law enforcement in the United States, United States federal law enforcement agency under the U.S. Department of Justice tasked with combating drug trafficking and distribution within th ...
discovers one of the country's largest
LSD labs inside a converted military
missile silo in
Wamego, Kansas.
*
2004
2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO).
Events January
* January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
–
Iraq War
{{Infobox military conflict
, conflict = Iraq War {{Nobold, {{lang, ar, حرب العراق (Arabic) {{Nobold, {{lang, ku, شەڕی عێراق ( Kurdish)
, partof = the Iraq conflict and the War on terror
, image ...
: The interim government of
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
calls for a 60-day
state of emergency
A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state du ...
as U.S. forces storm the insurgent stronghold of
Fallujah
Fallujah ( ar, ٱلْفَلُّوجَة, al-Fallūjah, Iraqi pronunciation: ) is a city in the Iraqi province of Al Anbar, located roughly west of Baghdad on the Euphrates. Fallujah dates from Babylonian times and was host to important J ...
.
*
2007
File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
– The
Jokela school shooting in
Jokela,
Tuusula, Finland, takes place, resulting in the death of nine people.
*
2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
– An
earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...
off the Pacific coast of
Guatemala kills at least 52 people.
*
2017
File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
–
Shamshad TV
Shamshad Media Network ( ps, شمشاد) is based in Afghanistan and Dubai. Shamshad Media Network is a private and an Independent network based in Afghanistan which began transmission in 2005.
Shamshad Media Network was established to represe ...
is attacked by armed gunmen and
suicide bomber
A suicide attack is any violent attack, usually entailing the attacker detonating an explosive, where the attacker has accepted their own death as a direct result of the attacking method used. Suicide attacks have occurred throughout history ...
s, with a security guard killed and 20 people wounded;
ISIS
Isis (; ''Ēse''; ; Meroitic language, Meroitic: ''Wos'' 'a''or ''Wusa''; Phoenician language, Phoenician: 𐤀𐤎, romanized: ʾs) was a major ancient Egyptian deities, goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughou ...
claims responsibility for the attack.
*
2020
2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
–
Joe Biden is elected the 46th president of the United States.
Births
Pre-1600
*
630 –
Constans II, Byzantine emperor (d. 668)
*
994 –
Ibn Hazm
Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥazm ( ar, أبو محمد علي بن احمد بن سعيد بن حزم; also sometimes known as al-Andalusī aẓ-Ẓāhirī; 7 November 994 – 15 August 1064Ibn Hazm. ' (Preface). Tr ...
, Arabian philosopher and scholar (d. 1069)
*
1186
Year 1186 (Roman numerals, MCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
* January 27 – Constance of Sicily marries Henry (the future Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor) ...
–
Ögedei Khan
Ögedei Khagan (also Ogodei;, Mongolian: ''Ögedei'', ''Ögüdei''; – 11 December 1241) was second khagan- emperor of the Mongol Empire. The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun.
...
, Mongol ruler, 2nd
Great Khan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1241)
*
1316
Year 1316 ( MCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* January 28–March 18 – Llywelyn Bren revolts against English rule in Wales. ...
–
Simeon of Russia (d. 1353)
*
1456
Year 1456 ( MCDLVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* May 18 – Second Battle of Oronichea (1456): Ottoman Forces of 15,000 are sent t ...
–
Margaret of Bavaria, Electress Palatine, Princess of Bavaria-Landshut by birth (d. 1501)
*
1525 –
Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (d. 1575)
*
1598
__NOTOC__
Events
January–June
* February 21 – Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia, following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I; the ''Time of Troubles'' starts.
* April 13 – Edict of Nantes (promulgated April 30 ...
–
Francisco de Zurbarán
Francisco de Zurbarán ( , ; baptized 7 November 1598 – 27 August 1664) was a Spanish painter. He is known primarily for his religious paintings depicting monks, nuns, and martyrs, and for his still-lifes. Zurbarán gained the nickname "Spanis ...
, Spanish painter (d. 1664)
1601–1900
*
1619
Events
January–June
* January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Co ...
–
Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French author and poet (d. 1692)
*
1650
Events
January–March
* January 7 – Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, dies after a reign of more than 63 years. The area is now part of the northeastern German state of Saxony-Anhalt.
* January 18 – Cardinal Jules ...
–
John Robinson John Robinson may refer to:
Academics
*John Thomas Romney Robinson (1792–1882), Irish astronomer and physicist
* John J. Robinson (1918–1996), historian and author of ''Born in Blood''
*John Talbot Robinson (1923–2001), paleontologist
*John ...
, English bishop and diplomat (d. 1723)
*
1683 –
Anton thor Helle, German-Estonian clergyman, author, and translator (d. 1748)
*
1687
Events
January–March
* January 3 – With the end of latest of the Savoyard–Waldensian wars in the Duchy of Savoy between the Savoyard government and Protestant Italians known as the Waldensians, Victor Amadeus III of Sardi ...
–
William Stukeley, English archaeologist and physician (d. 1765)
*
1706 –
Carlo Cecere
Carlo Cecere (7 November 170615 February 1761) was an Italian composer of operas, concertos and instrumental duets including, for example, some mandolin duets and a concerto for mandolin. Cecere worked in the transitional period between the Baroque ...
, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1761)
*
1728
Events
January–March
* January 5 – The '' Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana'', the oldest university in Cuba, is founded in Havana.
* January 9 – The coronation of Peter II as the Tsar of t ...
–
James Cook, English captain, navigator, and cartographer (d. 1779)
*
1750 –
Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, German poet and lawyer (d. 1819)
*
1787 –
Carl Carl, Polish-born actor and theatre director (d. 1854)
*
1789
Events
January–March
* January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet '' What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution.
* January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
–
Alfred Kelley, American legislator, canal builder, and railroad magnate (d. 1859)
*
1800
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
–
Platt Rogers Spencer, American calligrapher and educator (d. 1864)
*
1805
After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created.
* February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
–
Thomas Brassey
Thomas Brassey (7 November 18058 December 1870) was an English civil engineering contractor and manufacturer of building materials who was responsible for building much of the world's railways in the 19th century. By 1847, he had built about on ...
, English engineer and businessman (d. 1870)
*
1818
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire.
** Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein'' is published anonymously in London.
* January 2 – ...
–
Emil du Bois-Reymond, German physician and physiologist (d. 1896)
*
1821 –
Andrea Debono, Maltese trader and explorer (d. 1871)
*
1830 –
Emanuele Luigi Galizia, Maltese architect and civil engineer (d. 1907)
*
1832 –
Andrew Dickson White, American historian, academic, and diplomat, co-founded
Cornell University
Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to ...
(d. 1918)
*
1838
Events
January–March
* January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London.
* January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
–
Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French author and playwright (d. 1889)
*
1843
Events January–March
* January
** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.
** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
–
William Plankinton
William is a masculine given name of Norman French origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conques ...
, American businessman, industrialist and banker (d. 1905)
*
1846 –
Ignaz Brüll, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1907)
*
1851
Events
January–March
* January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion.
* January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly.
...
–
Chris von der Ahe, German-American businessman (d. 1913)
*
1858
Events
January–March
* January –
**Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president.
**William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
–
Bipin Chandra Pal, Indian academic and activist (d. 1932)
*
1860 –
Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne, French general and engineer (d. 1936)
* 1860 –
Paul Peel, Canadian painter and academic (d. 1892)
*
1861 –
Jeff Milton
Jefferson Davis Milton (November 7, 1861 – May 7, 1947) was an Old West lawman and a son of Confederate Governor of Florida John Milton. He was the first officer appointed to the U.S. Immigration Service Border Patrol in 1924.
Family and ...
, American police officer (d. 1947)
*
1867
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
–
Marie Curie
Marie Salomea Skłodowska–Curie ( , , ; born Maria Salomea Skłodowska, ; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first ...
, Polish chemist and physicist,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate (d. 1934)
*
1872 –
Lucille La Verne, American actress (d. 1945)
* 1872 –
Leonora Speyer, American poet and violinist (d. 1956)
*
1876 –
Charlie Townsend, English cricketer and lawyer (d. 1958)
*
1878 –
Lise Meitner
Elise Meitner ( , ; 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who was one of those responsible for the discovery of the element protactinium and nuclear fission. While working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute on ra ...
, Austrian-Swedish physicist and academic (d. 1968)
*
1879
Events January–March
* January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold, for the first time since the American Civil War.
* January 11 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins.
* Janu ...
–
King Baggot, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1948)
* 1879 –
Leon Trotsky
Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian M ...
, Russian theorist and politician, founded the
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian language, Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist R ...
(d. 1940)
*
1886
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885.
* January 5– 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella ''Strange ...
–
Aron Nimzowitsch
Aron Nimzowitsch ( lv, Ārons Nimcovičs, russian: Аро́н Иса́евич Нимцо́вич, ''Aron Isayevich Nimtsovich''; 7 November 1886 – 16 March 1935) was a Latvian-born Danish chess player and writer. In the late 1920s, Nimz ...
, Russian-Danish chess player and theoretician (d. 1935)
*
1888
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...
–
C. V. Raman, Indian physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate (d. 1970)
*
1890 –
Jan Matulka, Czech-American painter and illustrator (d. 1972)
*
1891
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence.
**Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
–
Genrikh Yagoda, director of the
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.
...
(d. 1938)
*
1893 –
Leatrice Joy, American actress (d. 1985)
* 1893 –
Margaret Leech, American historian and author (d. 1974)
*
1896 –
Esdras Minville, Canadian economist and sociologist (d. 1975)
*
1897
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City.
* January 4 – A British force is ambushed by Chief Ologbosere, son-in-law of the ruler. This leads to a puniti ...
–
Herman J. Mankiewicz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1953)
* 1897 –
Armstrong Sperry, American author and illustrator (d. 1976)
*
1898 –
Margaret Morris, American actress (d. 1968)
* 1898 –
Raphaël Salem, Greek-French mathematician and academic (d. 1963)
*
1899
Events January 1899
* January 1
** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.
** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City.
* January 2 –
**Bolivia sets up a c ...
–
Yitzhak Lamdan, Russian-Israeli journalist and poet (d. 1954)
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), ...
–
Nellie Campobello, Mexican writer who chronicled the
Mexican Revolution (d. 1986)
1901–present
*
1901 –
Norah McGuinness, Irish painter and illustrator (d. 1980)
*
1903
Events January
* January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India.
* January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having been ...
–
Ary Barroso
Ary de Resende Barroso (1903–1964), better known as Ary Barroso, was a Brazilian composer, pianist, soccer commentator, and talent-show host on radio and TV. He was one of Brazil's most successful songwriters in the first half of the 20th centur ...
, Brazilian pianist and composer (d. 1964)
* 1903 –
Dean Jagger, American actor (d. 1991)
* 1903 –
Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate (d. 1989)
*
1905 –
William Alwyn, English composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1985)
*
1906 –
Eugene Carson Blake, American minister and educator (d. 1985)
*
1908
Events
January
* January 1 – The British ''Nimrod'' Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton sets sail from New Zealand on the ''Nimrod'' for Antarctica.
* January 3 – A total solar eclipse is visible in the Pacific Ocean, and is the 46 ...
–
Marijac, French author and illustrator (d. 1994)
*
1909 –
Ruby Hurley
Ruby Hurley (November 7, 1909 – August 9, 1980) was an American civil rights activist. She was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and administrator for the NAACP, and was known as the "queen of civil rights".
Early life and education
Ruby ...
, American civil rights activist (d. 1980)
* 1909 –
Norman Krasna, American director, producer, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 1984)
*
1912 –
Victor Beaumont, German-English actor (d. 1977)
*
1913 –
Albert Camus
Albert Camus ( , ; ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, dramatist, and journalist. He was awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded the French writer Alb ...
, French novelist, philosopher, and journalist,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate (d. 1960)
* 1913 –
Alekos Sakellarios, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 1991)
* 1913 –
Mikhail Solomentsev, Soviet politician, member of the
(d. 2008)
*
1914 –
Archie Campbell, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1987)
* 1914 –
R. A. Lafferty
Raphael Aloysius "R. A." Lafferty (November 7, 1914March 18, 2002) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer known for his original use of language, metaphor, and narrative structure, Lafferty also wrote a set of four autobiographical n ...
, American author (d. 2002)
*
1915 –
Philip Morrison
Philip Morrison (November 7, 1915 – April 22, 2005) was a professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is known for his work on the Manhattan Project during World War II, and for his later work in quantum phys ...
, American astrophysicist and academic (d. 2005)
* 1915 –
M. Athalie Range
M. Athalie Range (born ''Mary Athalie Wilkinson''; November 7, 1915 in Key West, Florida – November 14, 2006 in Miami, Florida) was a Bahamian American civil rights activist and politician who was the first African-American to serve on the Miam ...
, American activist and politician (d. 2006)
*
1917 –
Titos Vandis, Greek actor (d. 2003)
*
1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
–
Paul Aussaresses, French general (d. 2013)
* 1918 –
Billy Graham
William Franklin Graham Jr. (November 7, 1918 – February 21, 2018) was an American evangelist and an ordained Southern Baptist minister who became well known internationally in the late 1940s. He was a prominent evangelical Christi ...
, American minister and author (d. 2018)
* 1918 –
Maria Teresa de Noronha
D. Maria Teresa do Carmo de Noronha, (November 7, 1918, Lisbon – July 4, 1993) was a Portuguese aristocrat and a fado singer. As a granddaughter of the Counts of Paraty and Belmonte, she belonged to a family of the most ancient Nobility in the ...
, Portuguese singer (d. 1993)
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...
–
Ellen Stewart, American director and producer (d. 2011)
*
1920 –
Max Kampelman, American lawyer and diplomat (d. 2013)
* 1920 –
Elaine Morgan, Welsh writer,
aquatic ape hypothesis (d. 2013)
*
1921 –
Lisa Ben, American singer-songwriter and journalist (d. 2015)
* 1921 –
Jack Fleck, American golfer (d. 2014)
* 1921 –
Susanne Hirzel
Susanne Zeller ( Hirzel; 7 November 1921 – 4 December 2012) was a German resistance member who was part of the White Rose.
Early life
Susanne Hirzel, daughter of Ulm pastor Ernst Hirzel and granddaughter of the geographer Robert Gradmann, was i ...
, member of the
White Rose (d. 2012)
*
1922 –
Ghulam Azam
Ghulam Azam ( bn, গোলাম আযম; 7 November 192223 October 2014) was a Bangladeshi Islamist politician. He was the former leader of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, the largest Islamist political party in Bangladesh.
Azam was arrested ...
, Bangladeshi politician (d. 2014)
* 1922 –
Al Hirt
Alois Maxwell "Al" Hirt (November 7, 1922 – April 27, 1999) was an American trumpeter and bandleader. He is best remembered for his million-selling recordings of "Java" and the accompanying album '' Honey in the Horn'' (1963), and for the them ...
, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1999)
*
1923
Events
January–February
* January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory).
* January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, t ...
–
Gene Callahan, American art director and production designer (d. 1990)
*
1926 –
Joan Sutherland
Dame Joan Alston Sutherland, (7 November 1926 – 10 October 2010) was an Australian dramatic coloratura soprano known for her contribution to the renaissance of the bel canto repertoire from the late 1950s through to the 1980s.
She possessed ...
, Australian soprano (d. 2010)
*
1927
Events January
* January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General.
* January 7
* ...
–
Herbert Flam, American tennis player (d. 1980)
*
1927
Events January
* January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General.
* January 7
* ...
–
Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese businessman (d. 2013)
*
1928 –
Richard G. Scott, American engineer and religious leader (d. 2015)
*
1929
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholi ...
–
Jesús de Polanco, Spanish publisher and businessman (d. 2007)
* 1929 –
Eric Kandel, Austrian-American neuroscientist and psychiatrist,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate
* 1929 –
Lila Kaye, English actress (d. 2012)
*
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
–
Rudy Boschwitz, German-American politician
*
1931
Events
January
* January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics.
* January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa.
* January 22 – Sir I ...
–
G. Edward Griffin, American director, producer, and author
*
1935 –
W. S. Rendra
Willibrordus Surendra Broto Rendra (7 November 1935 – 6 August 2009), widely known as Rendra or W. S. Rendra, was an Indonesian dramatist, poet, activist, performer, actor and director.
Biography Early life
Born in Surakarta to a Rom ...
, Indonesian poet and playwright (d. 2009)
*
1936 –
Gwyneth Jones, Welsh soprano
* 1936 –
Al Attles
Alvin Austin Attles Jr. (born November 7, 1936) is an American former professional basketball player and coach best known for his longtime association with the Golden State Warriors. Nicknamed the "Destroyer", he played the point guard position a ...
, American basketball player and coach
*
1937
Events
January
* January 1 – Anastasio Somoza García becomes President of Nicaragua.
* January 5 – Water levels begin to rise in the Ohio River in the United States, leading to the Ohio River flood of 1937, which continues into Febr ...
–
Mary Daheim, American journalist and author
*
1938 –
Dee Clark, American singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
* 1938 –
Jake Gibbs, American baseball player and coach
* 1938 –
Jim Kaat, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
* 1938 –
Barry Newman
Barry Foster Newman (born November 7, 1938) is an American actor of stage, screen and television known for his portrayal of Kowalski in ''Vanishing Point'', and for his title role in the 1970s television series ''Petrocelli''. He has been nominat ...
, American actor
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidde ...
–
Barbara Liskov, American computer scientist and academic
*
1940 –
Dakin Matthews, American actor, director, and playwright
* 1940 –
Antonio Skármeta, Chilean author and academic
*
1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January– August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar E ...
–
Madeline Gins
Madeline Helen Arakawa Gins (November 7, 1941 – January 8, 2014) was an American artist, architect, and poet.
Early life and education
Gins was born in New York City, November 7, 1941, and raised on Long Island, in the village of Island Park. ...
, American poet and architect (d. 2014)
* 1941 –
Angelo Scola, Italian cardinal and philosopher
*
1942 –
Tom Peters, American businessman and author
* 1942 –
Johnny Rivers, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
* 1942 –
Jean Shrimpton, English model and actress
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
–
Silvia Cartwright, New Zealand lawyer, judge, and politician, 18th
Governor-General of New Zealand
The governor-general of New Zealand ( mi, te kāwana tianara o Aotearoa) is the viceregal representative of the monarch of New Zealand, currently King Charles III. As the King is concurrently the monarch of 14 other Commonwealth realms and ...
* 1943 –
Stephen Greenblatt, American theorist, scholar, and critic
* 1943 –
Boris Gromov, Russian general and politician,
Governor of Moscow Oblast
The Governor of Moscow Oblast (russian: Губернатор Московской области) is the governor of Moscow Oblast, a federal subject of Russia.
The governor is the highest-ranking official and head of administration of the gov ...
* 1943 –
Joni Mitchell, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1943 –
Michael Spence
Andrew Michael Spence (born November 7, 1943) is a Canadian-American economist and Nobel laureate.
Spence is the William R. Berkley Professor in Economics and Business at the Stern School of Business at New York University, and the Philip H. Kn ...
, American economist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate
*
1944 –
Gigi Riva, Italian footballer and manager
* 1944 –
Peter Wilby, English journalist
*
1945 –
Joe Niekro, American baseball player (d. 2006)
*
1946 –
Chrystos, American writer and activist
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January– February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the count ...
–
Bob Anderson, English darts player
* 1947 –
Rebecca Eaton, American television producer
* 1947 –
Yutaka Fukumoto, Japanese baseball player and coach
* 1947 –
Ron Leavitt, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2008)
* 1947 –
Sondhi Limthongkul, Thai journalist and politician
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
–
Stephen Green, Baron Green of Hurstpierpoint, English businessman and politician
* 1948 –
Buck Martinez
John Albert "Buck" Martinez (born November 7, 1948) is an American former professional baseball catcher and manager, and is currently the television play-by-play announcer for the Toronto Blue Jays. He played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball ...
, American baseball player and manager
* 1948 –
Alex Ribeiro, Brazilian race car driver
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – ...
–
Stephen Bruton, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (d. 2009)
* 1949 –
Steven Stucky, American composer and academic (d. 2016)
* 1949 –
David S. Ware, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2012)
*
1950 –
Lindsay Duncan, Scottish actress
* 1950 –
John Lang, Australian rugby league player and coach
*
1951
Events
January
* January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950).
* January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
–
Gerard F. Gilmore
Gerard Francis Gilmore FRS FRAS FInstP (born 7 November 1951) is Professor of Experimental Philosophy, in the Institute of Astronomy, at the University of Cambridge. Institutional personal home page. ORCID database record: ID 0000-0003-4632-0 ...
, New Zealand astronomer and academic
* 1951 –
Kevin MacMichael, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and record producer (d. 2002)
* 1951 –
Lawrence O'Donnell, American journalist and talk show host
* 1951 –
John Tamargo, American baseball player and coach
*
1952 –
David Petraeus, American general,
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
The director of the Central Intelligence Agency (D/CIA) is a statutory office () that functions as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency, which in turn is a part of the United States Intelligence Community.
Beginning February 2017, the ...
* 1952 –
Modibo Sidibé, Sudanese-Malian police officer and politician,
Prime Minister of Mali
* 1952 –
Valeriy Zuyev, Ukrainian footballer and manager (d. 2016)
*
1953 –
Maire Aunaste, Estonian journalist and author
* 1953 –
Erik Balke, Norwegian saxophonist and composer
* 1953 –
Christopher Foster, English bishop
* 1953 –
Lucinda Green
Lucinda Jane Green (née Prior-Palmer, born 7 November 1953) is a British equestrian and journalist who competed in eventing. She is the 1982 World Champion and twice European Champion (1975–77). She also won World ...
, English equestrian and journalist
*
1954 –
James Gray
James, Jim, or Jimmy Gray may refer to:
Politicians
* James Gray (Australian politician) (1820–1889), member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
* James Gray (British politician) (born 1954), British politician
* James Gray (mayor) (1862–1916 ...
, Scottish politician
* 1954 –
Guy Gavriel Kay, Canadian lawyer and author
* 1954 –
Gil Junger, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1954 –
Kamal Haasan
Kamal Haasan (born 7 November 1954) is an Indian actor, filmmaker, screenwriter, playback singer, television presenter and politician who works mainly in Tamil cinema and has also appeared in some Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi, Kannada and Bengali f ...
, Tamil actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
*
1956 –
Mikhail Alperin, Ukrainian pianist and composer (d. 2018)
* 1956 –
Jonathan Palmer, English race car driver and businessman
* 1956 –
Judy Tenuta, American comedian, actress, and comedy musician (d. 2022)
*
1957
1957 (Roman numerals, MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday, common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, t ...
–
John Benitez, American DJ, songwriter, and producer
* 1957 –
King Kong Bundy, American wrestler (d. 2019)
* 1957 –
Christopher Knight, American actor
*
1958 –
Dmitry Kozak, Russian politician; Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation
*
1959 –
Billy Gillispie, American basketball player and coach
* 1959 –
Alexandre Guimarães, Brazilian-Costa Rican footballer and manager
*
1960 –
Tommy Thayer, American guitarist and songwriter
* 1960 –
Shyamaprasad
Shyamaprasad (born 7 November 1960) is an Indian filmmaker, screenwriter and actor from Kerala.
Career
Shyamaprasad was born on 7 November 1960 at Palakkad, as the younger son of O. Rajagopal and Santhakumari. He was named after Shyama Prasad ...
, Indian filmmaker
*
1961 – Orlando Mercado, American baseball player and coach
*1962 – Tracie Savage, American actress and journalist
* 1962 – Dirk Shafer, American model, actor, and director (d. 2015)
*1963 – John Barnes (footballer), John Barnes, Jamaican-English footballer and manager
* 1963 – Sam Graves, American farmer and politician
*1964 – Troy Beyer, American actress, director, and screenwriter
* 1964 – Philip Hollobone, English politician
* 1964 – Liam Ó Maonlaí, Irish keyboard player and songwriter
* 1964 – Dana Plato, American actress (d. 1999)
* 1964 – Bonnie St. John, American skier and scholar
*1965 – Steve Parkin, English footballer and manager
* 1965 – Sigrun Wodars, German runner and physiotherapist
*1966 – Calvin Borel, American jockey
*
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
– Steve Di Giorgio, American bass player
* 1967 – David Guetta, French DJ, record producer, remixer, and songwriter
* 1967 – Hikaru Ijūin, Japanese radio host
* 1967 – Rafael Herbert Reyes, Dominican wrestler
* 1967 – Sharleen Spiteri, Scottish singer-songwriter and actress
*1968 – Russ Springer, American baseball player
*1969 – Michelle Clunie, American actress
* 1969 – Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
* 1969 – Michel Picard (ice hockey), Michel Picard, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
*1970 – Andy Houston, American race car driver
* 1970 – Marc Rosset, Swiss-Monacan tennis player
* 1970 – Morgan Spurlock, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1970 – Paul Ware, English footballer (d. 2013)
*1971 – Jamie Drummond, Scottish-Canadian journalist and critic
* 1971 – Robin Finck, American guitarist and songwriter
* 1971 – Matthew Ryan (musician), Matthew Ryan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1971 – Trivikram Srinivas, Indian director and screenwriter
*
1972 – Danny Grewcock, English rugby player
* 1972 – Jason London, American actor and producer
* 1972 – Jeremy London, American actor and producer
* 1972 – Hasim Rahman, American boxer
* 1972 – Marcus Stewart, English footballer and coach
*
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: ...
– Catê, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2011)
* 1973 – Yunjin Kim, South Korean-American actress
* 1973 – Martín Palermo, Argentinian footballer and manager
*1974 – Kris Benson, American baseball player
* 1974 – Brigitte Foster-Hylton, Jamaican hurdler
* 1974 – Christian Gómez, Argentinian footballer
* 1974 – Chris Summers (drummer), Chris Summers, Norwegian drummer
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Venkat Prabhu, Indian actor, director, and screenwriter
*1976 – Rob Caggiano, American guitarist and producer
* 1976 – Mark Philippoussis, Australian tennis player and model
*1977 – Lindsay Czarniak, American journalist and sportscaster
* 1977 – Andres Oper, Estonian footballer
* 1977 – María Sánchez Lorenzo, Spanish tennis player
* 1977 – Anthony Thomas (American football), Anthony Thomas, American football player and coach
*1978 – Mohamed Aboutrika, Egyptian footballer
* 1978 – Elisabeth Bachman, American volleyball player and coach
* 1978 – Rio Ferdinand, English footballer
* 1978 – Tomoya Nagase, Japanese singer-songwriter
* 1978 – Barry Robson, Scottish footballer
* 1978 – Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink, Dutch footballer
*1979 – Mike Commodore, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1979 – Will Demps, American football player
* 1979 – Danny Fonseca, Costa Rican footballer
* 1979 – Barney Harwood, English television host and actor
* 1979 – Jon Peter Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor
* 1979 – Amy Purdy, American actress, model and snowboarder
* 1979 – Joey Ryan (wrestler), Joey Ryan, American wrestler
* 1979 – Otep Shamaya, American singer-songwriter and actress
*1980 – Karthik (singer), Karthik, Indian singer-songwriter
* 1980 – Sergio Bernardo Almirón, Argentinian footballer
* 1980 – Gervasio Deferr, Spanish gymnast
* 1980 – James Franklin (cricketer), James Franklin, New Zealand cricketer
* 1980 – Luciana Salazar, Argentinian model, actress, and singer
*1981 – Muhammad Hassan (wrestler), Muhammad Hassan, American wrestler and educator
* 1981 – Nana Katase, Japanese model, actress, and singer
* 1981 – Anushka Shetty, Indian actress
* 1981 – Rina Uchiyama, Japanese actress and model
*1982 – Pascal Leclaire, Canadian ice hockey player
*
1983 – Adam DeVine, American actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer, and singer
* 1983 – Forrest Kline, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1983 – Esmerling Vásquez, Dominican baseball player
*1984 – Mihkel Aksalu, Estonian footballer
* 1984 – Jonathan Bornstein, American-Israeli soccer player
* 1984 – Gervais Randrianarisoa, Malagasy footballer
* 1984 – Amelia Vega, Dominican actress and singer, Miss Universe, Miss Universe 2003
*1985 – Sebastian Aldén, Swedish motorcycle racer
* 1985 – Lucas Neff, American actor
*1986 – Andy Hull, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1986 – David Nelson (wide receiver), David Nelson, American football player
* 1986 – Doukissa Nomikou, Greek model and television host
*
1987 – Mitch Brown (rugby league), Mitch Brown, Australian rugby league player
* 1987 – Marek Semjan, Slovak tennis player
*1988 – Alexandr Dolgopolov, Ukrainian tennis player
* 1988 – Simone Favaro, Italian rugby player
* 1988 – Thomas Schneider (runner), Thomas Schneider, German sprinter
* 1988 – Tinie Tempah, English rapper and producer
*
1989 – Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, Russian singer and political activist
*
1990 – Daniel Ayala, Spanish footballer
* 1990 – Matt Corby, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1990 – David de Gea, Spanish footballer
* 1990 – Joelle Hadjia, Australian singer-songwriter
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
– Felix Rosenqvist, Swedish race car driver
*1992 – Apisai Koroisau, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...
– Haruna Iikubo, Japanese singer and actress
*
1996 – Lorde, New Zealand singer-songwriter
*1997 – Erika Hendsel, Estonian tennis player
* 1997 – Nana Okada, Japanese singer
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 691 – Cen Changqian, official of the Tang Dynasty
* 691 – Ge Fuyuan, official of the Tang Dynasty
* 927 – Zhu Shouyin, general of Later Tang
*1173 – Uijong of Goryeo, Korean monarch of the Goryeo dynasty (b. 1127)
*1225 – Engelbert II of Berg, German archbishop and saint (b. 1186)
*1497 – Philip II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1443)
*1550 – Jón Arason, Icelandic bishop and poet (b. 1484)
*1561 – Jeanne de Jussie, Swiss nun and writer (b. 1503)
*1562 – Maldeo Rathore, Rao of Marwar (b. 1511)
*1574 – Solomon Luria, Polish rabbi and educator (b. 1510)
*1581 – Richard Davies (bishop), Richard Davies, Welsh bishop and scholar (b. 1505)
*1599 – Gasparo Tagliacozzi, Italian surgeon and educator (b. 1546)
1601–1900
*1627 – Jahangir, Mughal emperor (b. 1569)
*1633 – Cornelis Drebbel, Dutch inventor (b. 1572)
*1639 – Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, English politician (b. 1560)
*1642 – Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester, English judge and politician, Lord High Treasurer, Lord High Treasurer of The United Kingdom (b. 1563)
*1652 – Henry of Nassau-Siegen (1611–1652), Henry of Nassau-Siegen, German count, officer in the Dutch Army, diplomat for the Dutch Republic (b. 1611)
*1713 – Elizabeth Barry, English actress (b. 1658)
*1809 – Paul Sandby, English painter and cartographer (b. 1725)
*
1837 – Elijah Parish Lovejoy, American minister and journalist (b. 1809)
*1862 – Bahadur Shah II, Mughal emperor (b. 1775)
*
1872 – Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician and academic (b. 1833)
*
1881
Events
January–March
* January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans.
* January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The C ...
– John MacHale, Irish archbishop (b. 1791)
1901–present
*
1906 – Heinrich Seidel, German engineer and poet (b. 1842)
*
1907 – Jesús García, Mexican railroad brakeman (b. 1881)
*
1913 – Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh-English biologist and geographer (b. 1823)
*
1916 – Henry Ward Ranger, American painter and academic (b. 1858)
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...
– Hugo Haase, German lawyer, jurist, and politician (b. 1863)
*
1922 – Sam Thompson, American baseball player (b. 1860)
*
1923
Events
January–February
* January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory).
* January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, t ...
– Ashwini Kumar Dutta, Indian educator and philanthropist (b. 1856)
*
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
– Ōkido Moriemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 23rd Yokozuna (sumo), Yokozuna (b. 1878)
*
1933 – Harold Weber, American golfer and architect (b. 1882)
*
1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January– August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar E ...
– Frank Pick, English lawyer and businessman (b. 1878)
*
1944 –
Richard Sorge, Azerbaijani-German journalist and spy (b. 1895)
* 1944 – Hannah Szenes, Hungarian-Israeli soldier and poet (b. 1921)
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January– February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the count ...
– K. Natesa Iyer, Indian-Sri Lankan journalist and politician (b. 1887)
*
1959 – Victor McLaglen, English-American boxer and actor (b. 1883)
*1962 – Eleanor Roosevelt, American humanitarian and politician, 39th First Lady of the United States (b. 1884)
*1964 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863)
*1966 – Rube Bressler, American baseball player (b. 1894)
*
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
– John Nance Garner, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Vice President of the United States (b. 1868)
*1968 – Gordon Coventry, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1901)
* 1968 – Alexander Gelfond, Russian mathematician, cryptographer, and academic (b. 1906)
*1974 – Eric Linklater, Welsh-Scottish author and academic (b. 1899)
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Piero Dusio, Italian footballer, businessman and race car driver (b. 1899)
*1978 – Jivraj Narayan Mehta, Indian surgeon and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Gujarat (b. 1887)
* 1978 – Gene Tunney, American boxer and actor (b. 1897)
*1980 – İlhan Erdost, Turkish publisher (b. 1944)
* 1980 – Steve McQueen, American actor and producer (b. 1930)
*1981 – Will Durant, American historian and philosopher (b. 1885)
*
1983 – Germaine Tailleferre, French pianist and composer (b. 1892)
*1986 – Tracy Pew, Australian bass player (b. 1957)
*1988 – Bill Hoest, American cartoonist (b. 1926)
*
1990 – Lawrence Durrell, British novelist, poet, dramatist, (b. 1912)
* 1990 – Tom Clancy (singer), Tom Clancy, Irish singer and actor, (b. 1924)
*
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
– Tom of Finland, Finnish illustrator (b. 1920)
* 1991 – Nuri Ja'far, Iraqi psychologist and philosopher of education, (b. 1914)
*1992 – Alexander Dubček, Slovak soldier and politician (b. 1921)
* 1992 – Jack Kelly (actor), Jack Kelly, American actor and politician (b. 1927)
*1993 – Adelaide Hall, American-English singer, actress, and dancer (b. 1901)
* 1993 – Charles Aidman, American stage, film, and television actor (b. 1925)
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...
– Shorty Rogers, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1924)
*1995 – Ann Dunham, American anthropologist and academic (b. 1942)
*
1996 – Claude Ake, Nigerian political scientist and academic (b. 1939)
* 1996 – Jaja Wachuku, Nigerian lawyer and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Nigeria), Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1918)
*
2000
File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from ...
– Ingrid of Sweden (b. 1910)
* 2000 – Nimalan Soundaranayagam, Sri Lankan educator and politician (b. 1950)
* 2000 – Chidambaram Subramaniam, Indian publisher and politician, Minister of Defence (India), Indian Minister of Defence (b. 1910)
*2001 – Nida Blanca, Filipino actress (b. 1936)
* 2001 – Anthony Shaffer (writer), Anthony Shaffer, English author and playwright (b. 1926)
*2002 – Rudolf Augstein, German journalist, co-founded ''Der Spiegel'' (b. 1923)
*2003 – Foo Foo Lammar, British drag queen and nightclub owner (b. 1937)
["Frank Pearson - Obituary." The Times, ''The'' ''Times'' ''(London, England)'', November 18, 2003: 37. ''NewsBank: Access Global NewsBank''. https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWGLNB&docref=news/0FEEBEB43628E919.]
*
2004
2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO).
Events January
* January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
– Howard Keel, American actor and singer (b. 1919)
*2005 – Harry Thompson, English author, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1960)
*2006 – Aino Kukk, Estonian chess player and engineer (b. 1930)
* 2006 – Bryan Pata, American football player (b. 1984)
* 2006 – Johnny Sain, American baseball player and coach (b. 1917)
* 2006 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician, co-founded ''L'Express'' (b. 1924)
* 2006 – Polly Umrigar, Indian cricketer and manager (b. 1926)
*
2007
File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
– Earl Dodge, American activist and politician (b. 1932)
* 2007 – George W. George, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1920)
*2011 – Joe Frazier, American boxer (b. 1944)
* 2011 – Takanosato Toshihide, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1952)
*
2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
– Carmen Basilio, American boxer (b. 1927)
* 2012 – Kevin O'Donnell, Jr., American author (b. 1950)
* 2012 – Glenys Page, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1940)
* 2012 – Sandy Pearson, Australian general (b. 1918)
* 2012 – Darrell Royal, American football player and coach (b. 1924)
* 2012 – Arthur K. Snyder, American lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
*2013 – John Cole (journalist), John Cole, Irish-English journalist and author (b. 1927)
* 2013 – Ian Davies (basketball), Ian Davies, Australian basketball player and coach (b. 1956)
* 2013 – Ron Dellow, English footballer and manager (b. 1914)
* 2013 – Joey Manley, American publisher, founded ''Modern Tales'' (b. 1965)
* 2013 – Jack Mitchell (photographer), Jack Mitchell, American photographer and author (b. 1925)
* 2013 – Manfred Rommel, German lawyer and politician (b. 1928)
*2014 – Lincoln D. Faurer, American general (b. 1928)
* 2014 – Kajetan Kovič, Slovenian journalist and poet (b. 1931)
* 2014 – Allen Ripley, American baseball player (b. 1952)
*2015 – Bappaditya Bandopadhyay, Indian director and poet (b. 1970)
* 2015 – Ri Ul-sol, North Korean marshal and politician (b. 1921)
*2016 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1934)
* 2016 – Janet Reno, American lawyer and government official; United States Attorney General, Attorney General of the United States (1993–2001) (b. 1938)
* 2016 – Jimmy Young (broadcaster), Jimmy Young, British singer and radio personality (b. 1921)
*
2017
File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
– Roy Halladay, American baseball player (b. 1977)
* 2017 – Carl Sargeant, Welsh Assembly minister (b. 1968)
*2019 – Janette Sherman, American physician, author, and pioneer in occupational and environmental health (b. 1930)
*
2020
2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
– Jonathan Sacks, former Chief Rabbi of the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth and member of the House of Lords (b. 1948)
*2021 – Dean Stockwell, American actor (b. 1936)
Holidays and observances
* Christian Calendar of saints, feast day:
**All Dominican Order, Dominican Saints and Blesseds
** Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg (Lutheran)
** Engelbert II of Berg
** Herculanus of Perugia
** John Christian Frederick Heyer (Lutheran)
** Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen (Lutheran)
** Prosdocimus
** Vicente Liem de la Paz (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
** Willibrord
** November 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
* Students' Day (Maharashtra), Students' Day, the anniversary of B. R. Ambedkar's school entry day. (Maharashtra, India)
* Tunisia#Government and politics, Commemoration Day, the anniversary of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Ben Ali's succession. (
Tunisia
)
, image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa
, image_map2 =
, capital = Tunis
, largest_city = capital
, ...
)
* Hungarian Opera Day (Hungary)
* International Inuit Day
Joint Statement celebrating Inuit Day from the Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations, the Minister of Indigenous Services and the Minister of Intergovernmental and Northern Affairs and Internal Trade
7 November 2018
* National Day, after Treaty of the Pyrenees. (Northern Catalonia, France)
* National Revolution and Solidarity Day (Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million pe ...
)
* October Revolution Day (Public holidays in the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union (former, official), modern Public holidays in Belarus, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan)
* Tokhu Emong (Lotha Naga, Lotha Naga people of India)
References
External links
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:November 07
Days of the year
November