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Mapuche Uprising Of 1881
The last major rebellion of the indigenous Mapuches of Araucanía took place in 1881, during the last phase of the Occupation of Araucanía (1861–1883) by the Chilean state. It was planned by Mapuche chiefs in March 1881 to be launched in November the same year. Mapuche support for the uprising was not unanimous: Some Mapuche factions sided with the Chileans and others declared themselves neutral. The organizers of the uprising did however succeed in involving Mapuche factions that had not previously been at war with Chile. With most of the attacks repelled within a matters of days Chile went on the next years to consolidate its conquests. Background In the 19th century Chile experienced a fast territorial expansion. Chile established a colony at the Strait of Magellan in 1843, settled Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue with German immigrants and conquered land from Peru and Bolivia. Later Chile would also annex Easter Island. In this context Araucanía began to be conquered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araucanía (historic Region)
Araucanía or Araucana Gomez de Vidaurre ''Historia Geografica, Natural y Civil Del Reino de Chile, Tomo II''; ''Coleccion de historiadores de Chile'', Tomo XV, Imprenta Ercilla, Santiago, 1889Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Aug 4, 2005 (History of Chile 1535-1764) was the Spanish name given to the region of Chile inhabited by the Mapuche peoples known as the Moluche (also known as Araucanos by the Spanish) in the 18th century. Prior to the Spanish conquest of Chile, the lands of the Moluche lay between the Itata River and Toltén River. History Following the great rising of the Moluche and Huilliche after the Battle of Curalaba in 1598 during the Arauco War, they expelled the Spanish from south of the Bío-Bío River. After many decades of further warfare, the bounds of Araucania were recognized by the Spanish as being between the Bío-Bío and Toltén rivers. This old region of Araucanía now is divided between the southern part of the Bío-Bío Region and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Llanquihue Lake
Lake Llanquihue is the second-largest lake in Chile with an area of about , after Lake General Carrera which shared with Argentina. It is situated in the southern Los Lagos Region in the Llanquihue and Osorno provinces. The lake's fan-like form was created by successive piedmont glaciers during the Quaternary glaciations. The last glacial period is called Llanquihue glaciation in Chile after the terminal moraine systems around the lake.Patagonia Chilena Some historians consider Llanquihue Lake to have been within the range of ancient Chono nomadism. Lake Llanquihue is located in southern Chile a territory of northern Patagonia in the Los Lagos Region. The lake's views of Volcán Osorno make the surrounding cities such as Puerto Varas Puerto Varas, also known as "La ciudad de las rosas" or “the city of roses”, is a city and commune located in the southern Chilean province of Llanquihue, in the Los Lagos Region. The city is famous for its German traditions, its natu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traiguén
Traiguén () is a Chilean city and commune in the Malleco Province, Araucanía Region. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Traiguén spans an area of and has 19,534 inhabitants (9,734 men and 9,800 women). Of these, 14,140 (72.4%) lived in urban areas and 5,394 (27.6%) in rural areas. Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population fell by 5.3% (1,088 persons). Administration As a commune, Traiguén is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2012-2016 alcalde is Luis Alvarez ( Ind.).And The municipal council 2012-2016 has the following members: *Ricardo Sanhueza Pirce PPD *Essio Guidotti Vallejos PPD *Eliecer Cerda Soto IND *Pablo Mena Osses PRS *Roberto Weidmann Ramirez UDI *Rosanna Rathgeb Fuentes RN Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Traiguén is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Gonzalo Arenas (UDI) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malleco Province
Malleco Province ( es, Provincia de Malleco) is one of two provinces in the southern Chilean region of La Araucanía (IX). Its population as of the 2017 census is 205,124, and it covers an area of . The provincial capital is the city of Angol. Malleco Province is known for having the emblematic Malleco Viaduct and the Las Raíces Tunnel, Chile's longest tunnel, which links the eastern part to the rest of the province. Communes As one of Chile's second level administrative divisions, Malleco comprises eleven communes, each administered by its respective municipality. * Angol * Renaico * Collipulli * Lonquimay * Curacautín * Ercilla * Victoria * Traiguén * Lumaco * Purén * Los Sauces Geography and demography According to the 2017 census by the National Statistics Institute (''INE''), the province spans an area of and had a population of 205,124 inhabitants (99,811 men and 105,313 women), giving it a population density of . Of these, 151,057 (73.6%) lived in urban areas a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domingo Melín
Domingo Melín or simply Melín was a Mapuche chief active in the Mapuche resistance to the Occupation of Araucanía (1861–1883). In 1870 Domingo Melín went on behalf of Quilapán to seek a peace agreement with Chile.Bengoa 2000, pp. 243-246. He was murdered Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the c ... by elements of the Chilean military in 1880.Bengoa 2000, pp. 271. References Bibliography * 19th-century Mapuche people People of the Occupation of Araucanía Indigenous leaders of the Americas People from Araucanía Region 1880 deaths Year of birth missing {{Chile-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lonquimay
Lonquimay is a town and commune in the Malleco Province of southern Chile's Araucanía Region. Transport It is the terminus of an abandoned broad gauge railway project which supporters cited as the most practical railway route through the Andes to Argentina, but which lacks a link between Lonquimay and Zapala in Argentina; revival of the project was announced in 2005 and progress begun within Chile. The line includes Chile's longest tunnel measuring . Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Lonquimay spans an area of and has 10,237 inhabitants (5,414 men and 4,823 women). Of these, 3,435 (33.6%) lived in urban areas and 6,802 (66.4%) in rural areas. The population grew by 12.5% (1,138 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses. Administration As a commune, Lonquimay is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pehuenche
Pehuenche (or ''Pewenche'', people of the "pehuen" or "pewen" in Mapudungun) are an indigenous people of South America. They live in the Andes, primarily in present-day south central Chile and adjacent Argentina. Their name derives from their dependence for food on the seeds of the pehuen or monkey-puzzle tree (''Araucaria araucana)''. In the 16th century, the Pehuenche lived in the mountainous territory from approximately 34 degrees to 40 degrees south. Later they became Araucanized and partially merged with the Mapuche peoples. In the 21st century, they still retain some of their ancestral lands. Pehuenche groups participated in various armed conflicts in the 17th and 18th centuries, usually by "descending" from the mountains to the western lowlands of Chile. As such they attacked the Spanish around Maule River in 1657,Pinochet ''et al''. 1997, p. 82. the Mapuche in January 1767,Barros Arana, 1886, p. 236. and the Spanish of Isla del Laja on late 1769.Barros Arana, 1886, p. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conquest Of The Desert
The Conquest of the Desert ( es, Conquista del desierto) was an Argentine military campaign directed mainly by General Julio Argentino Roca in the 1870s with the intention of establishing dominance over the Patagonian Desert, inhabited primarily by indigenous peoples. The Conquest of the Desert extended Argentine territories into Patagonia and ended Chilean expansion in the region. Argentine troops killed more than 1,000 Mapuche, displaced over 15,000 more from their traditional lands and enslaved a portion of the remaining natives. Settlers of European descent moved in and developed the lands through irrigation for agriculture, turning the territory into a breadbasket that contributed to the emergence of Argentina as an agricultural superpower in the early 20th century.''The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute With Chile, 1870-1902,'' George V. Rauch, p. 47, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999 The conquest was paralleled by a similar campaign in Chile called the Occupati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Miraflores
The Battle of Miraflores occurred on January 15, 1881 in the Miraflores District of Lima, Peru. It was an important battle during the War of the Pacific that was fought between Chile and the forces of Peru. The Chilean army led by Gen. Manuel Baquedano defeated the army commanded by Nicolás de Piérola guarding the second defensive line of the Peruvian capital city. Two days later, Lima, the capital city of Peru was occupied by Chilean troops. Gen. Baquedano's forces marched into Lima triumphant, while Peru's president and his officers fled into the interior, leaving the country without any government. Even after the fall of Lima, the war continued between the occupation army and the troops of Andres Caceres for another three years. During the occupation of Lima, Peru's National Library was burned, while a number of other monuments were ransacked by Chilean forces and taken as war trophies. During the battle, Peruvian naval officer Captain Juan Fanning became a national he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of San Juan And Chorrillos
The Battle of San Juan, also known as the Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos, was the first of two battles in the Lima Campaign during the War of the Pacific, and was fought on 13 January 1881. This battle is really a group of smaller, yet fierce confrontations at the defensive strongholds of Villa, Chorrillos, Santiago de Surco, San Juan de Miraflores, Santa Teresa and Morro Solar. The Chilean army led by Gen. Manuel Baquedano inflicted a harsh defeat on the Peruvian army commanded by the Supreme Chief Nicolás de Piérola. The Chilean triumph eliminated the first defensive line guarding Lima, and almost obliterated the Peruvian army defending it. At the end of the battle, the town of Chorrillos was burnt to the ground by the Chilean army trying to eradicate the Peruvian defenders garrisoned there. During the night, civilian abuses were committed by drunk soldiers. Despite this result, another battle had to be fought in order that the Chilean army could enter the Peruvian c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agriculture In Chile
Agriculture in Chile encompasses a wide range of different activities due to its particular geography, climate, geology and human factors. Historically agriculture is one of the bases of Chile's economy, now agriculture and allied sectors—like forestry, logging and fishing—account only for 4.9% of the GDP as of 2007 and employed 13.6% of the country's labor force. Some major agricultural products of Chile include grapes, apples, onions, wheat, corn, oats, peaches, garlic, asparagus, beans, beef, poultry, wool, fish and timber.The World Factbook -CIA 2008-02-27 Due to its geographical isolation and strict customs policies, Chile is free from diseases such as |
