Minuscule 209 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 457 and α 1581 ( Soden), is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Chri ...

, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 14th century, with an exception to the

Book of Revelation The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament (and consequently the final book of the Christian Bible). Its title is derived from the first word of the Koine Greek text: , meaning "unveiling" or "revelation". The Book of ...

which was added to the codex in the 15th century. It has marginalia.

Description

The codex contains the whole text of the

on 411 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page. The text is divided according to the (''chapters)'', whose numbers are given at the margin (also Latin), and their (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. The text of the Gospels is also divided according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 236 Sections). There are no references to the

Eusebian Canons Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...

. It contains the

Euthalian Apparatus The Euthalian Apparatus is a collection of additional editorial material, such as divisions of text, lists, and summaries, to the New Testament's Book of Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. This additional material appears at the beginni ...

in the Catholic epistles, and Prolegomena to the Apocalypse.

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Caesarean text-type In textual criticism of the New Testament, Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Koine Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but wh ...

in the Gospels and the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fo ...

in rest books of the New Testament. Aland placed it in Category III in

Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christian message (" the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words a ...

s and in

. The text of the rest books of New Testament of this codex belongs to Category V. The text of the Gospels is close to minuscule 205. But they are different in the Acts and the Epistles. It is a member of the textual family ''f''¹. Matthew 10:12 (see Luke 10:5) : It reads λεγοντες ειρηνη τω οικω τουτω (''say peace to be this house'') after αυτην. The reading was deleted by the first corrector, but the second corrector restored it. The reading is used by manuscripts:

Codex Sinaiticus The Codex Sinaiticus ( Shelfmark: London, British Library, Add MS 43725), designated by siglum [Aleph] or 01 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 2 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscript ...

, Bezae, Regius, Washingtonianus, Koridethi, other manuscript of ''f'' ¹, 22, 1010 (1424), it vg^cl.''

Editio octava critica maior ''Editio Octava Critica Maior'' is a critical edition of the Greek New Testament produced by Constantin von Tischendorf. It was Tischendorf's eighth edition of the Greek Testament, and the most important, published between 1864 and 1894. Edition ...

'', p. 49

History

The manuscript once belonged to Cardinal

Bessarion Bessarion ( el, Βησσαρίων; 2 January 1403 – 18 November 1472) was a Byzantine Greek Renaissance humanist, theologian, Catholic cardinal and one of the famed Greek scholars who contributed to the so-called great revival of letters ...

(† 1472), who had it with him at the Council of Florence in 1439, and wrote many notes in it. Hoskier reported in 1929 that Aldus used it to correct the Erasman text in his Greek New Testament of 1518. It was examined and described by

Birch A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus ''Betula'' (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech- oak family Fagaceae. The genus ''Betula'' contains ...

, Engelbreth, Fleck, Rinck, and Burgon. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886. It is currently housed at the

Biblioteca Marciana The Marciana Library or Library of Saint Mark ( it, italic=no, Biblioteca Marciana, but in historical documents commonly referred to as ) is a public library in Venice, Italy. It is one of the earliest surviving public libraries and repositori ...

(Fondo ant. 10), at

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...

Description

Text

History

See also

References

Further reading