''Macrolepiota'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of white

spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...

d, gilled

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...

s of the family

Agaricaceae The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus ''Agaricus'', as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae. Taxonomy The family Agaricaceae was publishe ...

. The best-known member is the

parasol mushroom ''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings in pas ...

(''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species.

Taxonomy

''Macrolepiota'' was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

Rolf Singer Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a Germany, German-born mycologist and one of the most important Taxonomy (biology), taxonomists of gilled mushrooms (agarics) in the 20th century. After receiving his Ph.D. at the University ...

in 1948, with ''Macrolepiota procera'' as the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

. DNA studies have split this genus into three

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

s. The macrolepiota clade includes ''M. procera, M. clelandii'', ''M. dolichaula'' and closely related species. The macrosporae clade includes species such as ''M. mastoidea'', ''M. konradii'', and ''M. orientiexcoriata'', while the volvatae clade includes ''M. velosa'' and ''M. eucharis''.

Uses

''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a well-known and highly esteemed edible species in much of Europe.Parasol Mushroom - Private mushroom record of Józef Bossowski ''Macrolepiota albuminosa'' is eaten in

Chinese cuisine Chinese cuisine encompasses the numerous cuisines originating from China, as well as overseas cuisines created by the Chinese diaspora. Because of the Chinese diaspora and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many ot ...

, where it is called ''jīzōng'' ( 鸡枞; literally "chicken fir tree").

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...

accepts 42 species of ''Macrolepiota'': *''

Macrolepiota africana ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumscr ...

'' (R.Heim) Heinem. 1969 – Cameroon *''

Macrolepiota albida ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumscr ...

'' Heinem. 1969 *''

Macrolepiota albuminosa ''Macrolepiota albuminosa'', or termite mushroom, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Agaricaceae that is an obligate symbiont of termites. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) of the fungus are edible. It is found growing from termitaria in gra ...

'' (Berk.) Pegler 1972 *'' Macrolepiota ampliospora'' Sosin 1960 *'' Macrolepiota bonaerensis'' (Speg.) Singer 1951 – São Paulo *''

Macrolepiota brasiliensis ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' (Rick) Raithelh. 1988 *''

Macrolepiota brunnescens ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' Vellinga 2003 *''

Macrolepiota campestris ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' Lebedeva ex Samgina 1983 *''

Macrolepiota citrinascens ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumscr ...

'' Vasas 1990 *''

Macrolepiota clelandii ''Macrolepiota clelandii'', commonly known as the slender parasol or graceful parasol, is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the family Agaricaceae. The species is found in Australia and New Zealand, where it fruits singly or in small groups ...

'' Grgur. 1997 – Australasia *''

Macrolepiota colombiana ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' Franco-Mol. 1999 *''

Macrolepiota crustosa ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' L.P. Shao & C.T. Xiang 1980 – China *''

Macrolepiota detersa ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' Z.W.Ge, Zhu L.Yang & Vellinga 2010 – China *''

Macrolepiota dolichaula ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' (Berk. & Broome) Pegler & R.W.Rayner 1969 *''

Macrolepiota eucharis ''Macrolepiota eucharis'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is found in Australia, where it grows under ''Eucalyptus grandis'' and ''Allocasuarina littoralis'' in rainforests. It was described as new to science in 2003 ...

'' Vellinga & Halling 2003 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota excoriata'' (Schaeff.) Wasser 1978 *'' Macrolepiota fornica'' Raithelh. 1988 *'' Macrolepiota fuligineosquarrosa'' Malençon 1979 – Morocco *'' Macrolepiota fuliginosa'' (Barla) Bon 1977 – Great Britain *'' Macrolepiota gasteroidea'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *''

Macrolepiota gracilenta ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' (Krombh.) Wasser 1978 *'' Macrolepiota imbricata'' (Henn.) Pegler 1966 *'' Macrolepiota kerandi'' (Speg.) Singer 1951 *'' Macrolepiota konradii'' (Huijsman ex P.D.Orton) M.M.Moser 1967 *'' Macrolepiota mallea'' (Berk.) Manjula 1983 *''

Macrolepiota mastoidea ''Macrolepiota mastoidea'' is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Taxonomy It was first Species description, described by many mycologists throughout the 1800s and classified variously as ''Agaricus gracilentus'' ...

'' (Fr.) Singer 1951 – Europe, Australia *'' Macrolepiota odorata'' Heinem. 1969 *'' Macrolepiota orientiexcoriata'' Z.W.Ge, Zhu L.Yang & Vellinga 2010 – China *'' Macrolepiota permixta'' (Barla) Pacioni 1979 – Great Britain *''

Macrolepiota phaeodisca ''Macrolepiota phaeodisca'' is a species of mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. Found in southern Europe, it was species description, described as new to science in 1984 by Italian naturalist Francisco Bellù. It is found in dune slacks, sandy pi ...

'' Bellù 1984 – Spain *''

Macrolepiota procera ''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings in pas ...

'' (Scop.) Singer 1948 – Europe *''

Macrolepiota prominens ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' (Sacc.) M.M.Moser 1967 *'' Macrolepiota psammophila'' Guinb. 1996 *'' Macrolepiota pulchella'' de Meijer & Vellinga 2003 *''

Macrolepiota rubescens ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circums ...

'' (L.M.Dufour) Pázmány 1985 *'' Macrolepiota stercoraria'' (Rick) Raithelh. 1988 *'' Macrolepiota subcitrophylla'' Z.W.Ge 2012 – China *'' Macrolepiota turbinata'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota velosa'' Vellinga & Zhu L.Yang 2003 – China *'' Macrolepiota vinaceofibrillosa'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota zeyheri'' (Berk. & Singer) Heinem. 1962

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q19748 Agaricaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Rolf Singer Taxa described in 1948

Taxonomy

Uses

Species

See also

References

External links