The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Somalia: Somalia – country located in the

Horn of Africa The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...

. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the

Gulf of Aden The Gulf of Aden ( ar, خليج عدن, so, Gacanka Cadmeed 𐒅𐒖𐒐𐒕𐒌 𐒋𐒖𐒆𐒗𐒒) is a deepwater gulf of the Indian Ocean between Yemen to the north, the Arabian Sea to the east, Djibouti to the west, and the Guardafui Channe ...

to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on the mainland, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and

highland Highlands or uplands are areas of high elevation such as a mountainous region, elevated mountainous plateau or high hills. Generally speaking, upland (or uplands) refers to ranges of hills, typically from up to while highland (or highlands) is ...

s. Hot conditions prevail year-round, along with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.

General reference

* Pronunciation: * Common English country name: Somalia * Official English country name: The

Federal Republic of Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

* Common

endonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ...

(s): * Official endonym(s): * Adjectival(s): Somali *

Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...

(s): Somali; * ISO country codes: SO, SOM, 706 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:SO * Internet country code top-level domain:

.so .so is the internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Somalia. After a long absence, the .so domain was officially relaunched on November 1, 2010, by .SO Registry, which is regulated by the nation's Ministry of Posts and Telecommunicatio ...

Geography of Somalia

* Somalia is: a country * Location: **

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pol ...

, on the

Equator The equator is a circle of latitude, about in circumference, that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres. It is an imaginary line located at 0 degrees latitude, halfway between the North and South poles. The term can als ...

** Africa ***

East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territories make up Eastern Africa: Due to the historical ...

****

** Time zone: East Africa Time ( UTC+03) ** Extreme points of Somalia *** High:

Shimbiris Mount Shimbiris is the highest peak in Somaliland Somaliland,; ar, صوماليلاند ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, جمهورية صوماليلاند, link=no ''Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmālīlānd'' is a ''de facto'' s ...

*** Low: Indian Ocean 0 m ** Land boundaries: 2,340 km :: 58 km :: 1,600 km :: 682 km :* Coastline: 3,025 km * Population of Somalia: 8,699,000 - 90th most populous country * * Area of Somalia: 637,661 km² * Atlas of Somalia

Environment of Somalia

* Climate of Somalia * Environmental issues in Somalia *

Ecoregions in Somalia The following is a list of ecoregions in Somalia, as identified by the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF). Terrestrial ecoregions ''by major habitat type'' Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests * Ethiopian montane forests * Norther ...

* Protected areas of Somalia **

National parks of Somalia National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

* Wildlife of Somalia **

Flora of Somalia The wildlife of Somalia includes the flora and fauna of Somalia, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones. Somalia has a long coastline, bordered by the Indian Ocean in the east and Red ...

Fauna of Somalia The wildlife of Somalia includes the flora and fauna of Somalia, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones. Somalia has a long coastline, bordered by the Indian Ocean in the east and Red ...

*** Birds of Somalia ***

Mammals of Somalia Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur o ...

Natural geographic features of Somalia

* Glaciers in Somalia: none The only glaciers in Africa are on Mt Kenya (in Kenya), on Kilimanjaro (in Tanzania), and in the Ruwenzori Mountains (which are located in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo). Se
Proceedings of the Riederalp Workshop, September 1978; Actes de l'Atelier de Riederalp, septembre 1978): IAHS-AISH Publ. no. 126, 1980.
/ref> * Rivers of Somalia

Regions of Somalia

States and regions of Somalia Somalia is a federal republic consisting of six federal states, including Somaliland, as well as the Banadir Regional Administration. Somalia is further subdivided into Eighteen administrative regions (''gobollada'', singular ''gobol''), which ...

Ecoregions of Somalia

List of ecoregions in Somalia *

Administrative divisions of Somalia

Administrative divisions of Somalia * Regions of Somalia ** Districts of Somalia ***

Cities in Somalia A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

= Regions

= Regions of Somalia * Bakool * Banaadir *

Bari Bari ( , ; nap, label= Barese, Bare ; lat, Barium) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, southern Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy a ...

Bay A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a Gulf (geography), gulf, sea, sound (geography), sound, or bight (geogra ...

Galguduud Galguduud ( so, Galgaduud, ar, جلجدود, it, Galgudud or ''Ghelgudud'') is an administrative region ('' gobol'') of Galmudug state in central Somalia. Its administrative capital is Dusmareb. The largest town in the region is Abudwak, whi ...

* Gedo * Hiiraan * Jubbada Dhexe * Jubbada Hoose * Mudug * Nugaal * Shabeellaha Dhexe * Shabeellaha Hoose

= Claimed territory

= * Awdal * Sanaag *

Sool Sool ( so, Sool, ar, صول) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in south eastern Somaliland/north western Somalia. It borders Togdheer to the west, Sanaag to the north, Ethiopia to the south and Nugal, Bari to the east. Its capital city ...

* Togdheer * Woqooyi Galbeed

Demography of Somalia

Demographics of Somalia The demographics of Somalis encompass the demographic features of Somalia's inhabitants, including ethnicity, language, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Soma ...

Government and politics of Somalia

Politics of Somalia The politics of Somalia takes place in a framework of federal parliamentary republic. According to the Constitution of Somalia, the President of Somalia is head of state, and Prime Minister as head of government who is appointed by the President ...

Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

: *

Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of Somalia: Mogadishu * History of the Transitional Federal Government of the Republic of Somalia *

History of Somalia (1991-2006) Somalia ( so, Soomaaliya; ), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia ( so, Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya, ) and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. The country was an important c ...

Elections in Somalia During the civilian administration that existed prior to the seizure of power by the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) in 1969, there were a number of local political parties. Most notable of these early institutions was the Somali Youth Lea ...

Political parties in Somalia This article lists political parties in Somalia. In 2017 an independent electoral commission was inaugurated with a mandate to oversee the process of registration of political parties in the country, according to Article 47 of the Federal Provis ...

Branches of the government of Somalia

Government of Somalia The Government of Somalia (GS) ( so, Dowladda Soomaaliya, ar, حكومة الصومال الاتحادية) is the internationally recognised government of Somalia, and the first attempt to create a central government in Somalia since the coll ...

Executive branch of the government of Somalia

* Head of state:

President of Somalia The president of Somalia ( so, Madaxaweynaha Soomaaliya) is the head of state of Somalia. The president is also commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The president represents the Federal Government of Somalia, Federal Republic of Somal ...

, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud * Head of government: Prime Minister of Somalia, Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke * Cabinet of Somalia

Legislative branch of the government of Somalia

* Parliament of Somalia: Federal Parliament ( unicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Somalia

Judiciary of Somalia The judiciary of Somalia is defined by the Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia. It stipulates that the national court structure is to be organized into three tiers: the Constitutional Court, Federal Government level courts, ...

Foreign relations of Somalia

Foreign relations of Somalia This is a list of diplomatic missions of Somalia, excluding honorary consulates. Foreign relations of Somalia are handled primarily by the President of Somalia, President as the head of state, the Prime Minister of Somalia, Prime Minister as t ...

Diplomatic missions in Somalia This is a list of diplomatic missions in Somalia. Embassies in Mogadishu * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Consulate-General in Garoowe * Closed embassies * (date unknown) * (closed in 1981) Non-resident embassies Resident in Addis Ababa, E ...

Diplomatic missions of Somalia This is a list of diplomatic missions of Somalia, excluding honorary consulates. Foreign relations of Somalia are handled primarily by the President of Somalia, President as the head of state, the Prime Minister of Somalia, Prime Minister as the ...

International organization membership

The Republic of Somalia is a member of: * African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States (ACP) *

African Development Bank Group The African Development Bank Group (AfDB) or (BAD) is a multilateral development finance institution headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, since September 2014. The AfDB is a financial provider to African governments and private companies in ...

(AfDB) *

African Union The African Union (AU) is a continental union consisting of 55 member states located on the continent of Africa. The AU was announced in the Sirte Declaration in Sirte, Libya, on 9 September 1999, calling for the establishment of the Africa ...

(AU) * Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD) * Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) * Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) *

Group of 77 The Group of 77 (G77) at the United Nations (UN) is a coalition of 134 developing countries, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 fou ...

(G77) * Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) *

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is an international financial institution, established in 1944 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, that is the lending arm of World Bank Group. The IBRD offers l ...

(IBRD) * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) *

International Criminal Police Organization The International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO; french: link=no, Organisation internationale de police criminelle), commonly known as Interpol ( , ), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and cri ...

(Interpol) *

International Development Association The International Development Association (IDA) (french: link=no, Association internationale de développement) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries. Th ...

(IDA) *

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is a worldwide humanitarian aid organization that reaches 160 million people each year through its 192-member National Societies. It acts before, during and after disas ...

(IFRCS) * International Finance Corporation (IFC) *

International Fund for Agricultural Development The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD; french: link=no, Fonds international de développement agricole (FIDA)) is an international financial institution and a specialised agency of the United Nations that works to address ...

(IFAD) * International Labour Organization (ILO) *

International Maritime Organization The International Maritime Organization (IMO, French: ''Organisation maritime internationale'') is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference ...

(IMO) * International Monetary Fund (IMF) * International Olympic Committee (IOC) * International Organization for Migration (IOM) *

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, an ...

(ICRM) * International Telecommunication Union (ITU) * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) *

Inter-Parliamentary Union The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU; french: Union Interparlementaire, UIP) is an inter-parliamentary institution, international organization of national parliaments. Its primary purpose is to promote democratic governance, accountability, and coop ...

(IPU) * Islamic Development Bank (IDB) *

League of Arab States League or The League may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Leagues'' (band), an American rock band * ''The League'', an American sitcom broadcast on FX and FXX about fantasy football Sports * Sports league * Rugby league, full contact footba ...

(LAS) *

Nonaligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide. The movement originated in the aftermath ...

(NAM) * Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) * United Nations (UN) * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) *

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

(UNESCO) * United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) * Universal Postal Union (UPU) * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) * World Health Organization (WHO) * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) * World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Somalia is one of only 7 U.N member countries, which are not a member state of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

Law and order in Somalia

Alcohol in Somalia Alcohol in Somalia is prohibited by the country's Muslim culture, but historically was allowed in the country and continues to exist illicitly. During the period of Italian Somalia, rum was produced from local sugarcane, continuing until the fall o ...

Cannabis in Somalia Cannabis is present in Somalia, and noted in the Somali 1971 penal code. Reports in 1970 and 1971 note that it is one of the few narcotic drugs found there, other than the locally very popular khat leaf. Somali Civil War As early as 1996, the '' ...

* Capital punishment in Somalia * Constitution of Somalia * Crime in Somalia ** Kidnapping and hostage taking in Somalia **

Piracy in Somalia Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding areas and has a long and troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. I ...

Terrorism in Somalia Harakat al-Shabaab al-Mujahideen (HSM; ar, حركة الشباب المجاهدين, translit=Ḥarakat ash-Shabāb al-Mujāhidīn, so, Xarakada Mujaahidiinta Alshabaab, ), more commonly known as al-Shabaab, is an Islamic fundamentalist Sala ...

Human rights in Somalia Human rights in Somalia throughout the late 20th-century and early 21st-century were considered dire, but have gradually improved over the following years. Human rights are guaranteed in the Federal Constitution, which was adopted in August 2012. ...

LGBT rights in Somalia Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Somalia face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Being LGBT is highly illegal in Somalia; same-sex sexual activity is punishable by up to death in areas controlled by ...

Law enforcement in Somalia ) , mission = , formedyear = , formedmonthday = , preceding1 = Police Corps of Somalia (1910–1960) , employees = , volunteers = , budget = , nongovernment = , country ...

* Marriage in Somalia ** Polygamy in Somalia * Xeer

Military of Somalia

Military of Somalia The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia. Headed by the president as commander-in-chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity. Cha ...

* Command ** Commander-in-chief: Yusuf Osman Dumal *** Ministry of Defence of Somalia * Forces **

Army of Somalia The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia. Headed by the president as commander-in-chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity. Cha ...

Navy of Somalia The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia. Headed by the President of Somalia, president as commander-in-chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and terr ...

** Air Force of Somalia *

Military history of Somalia The military history of Somalia encompasses the major conventional wars, conflicts and skirmishes involving the History of Somalia, historic empires, kingdoms and sultanates in the territory of present-day Somalia, through to modern times. It als ...

Local government in Somalia

History of Somalia

History of Somalia * Current events of Somalia *

Economic history of Somalia Economic history of Somalia is related to the development of Somalia's economy in the last two centuries. The colonial economy The colonial era did not spark foreign economic investment despite the competition of two major European powers in the ...

* History of the Transitional Federal Government of the Republic of Somalia * Maritime history of Somalia *

** Somali Civil War ***

Attempts at reconciliation in Somalia (1991–2004) Many factions opposed to Siad Barre set aside tribal and political differences to unite in purpose to overthrow his regime. After the collapse of Siad Barre's government in 1991 the nation fell into a long period of increasingly chaotic conflict be ...

***

Factions in the Somali Civil War Over the course of the Somali Civil War, there have been many revolutionary movements and militia groups run by competing rebel leaders which have held ''de facto'' control over vast areas within Somalia. Prior to the fall of Siad Barre (through ...

*** Timeline of the War in Somalia ****

2006 timeline of the War in Somalia File:2006 Events Collage V1.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2006 Winter Olympics open in Turin; Twitter is founded and launched by Jack Dorsey; The Wii is released; Montenegro votes to declare independence from Serbia; The 2006 FIFA World Cu ...

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2007 timeline of the War in Somalia 7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has greatly symbolic associations in religion, mythology, s ...

****

2008 timeline of the War in Somalia This sets forth a timeline of the War in Somalia during 2008. ; 5 February * 2008 Bosaso bombings, Bosaso bombings. 25 Ethiopian civilians killed ; 2 March * Attack on Dobley, Missile attack on Dobley. 6 Somali civilians killed ; 19–20 Apr ...

****

2009 timeline of the Somali Civil War The 2009 timeline of events in the Somalia War (2006–2009) during January 2009 is set out below. From the beginning of February the timeline of events in the Somali Civil War (2009–present) is set out following the conclusion of the previou ...

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2010 timeline of the Somali Civil War This is a 2010 timeline of events in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). January * January 5 *3 killed, 13 wounded Shelling in a Mogadishu Market kills 3 *January 10–14 *25 dead, 75 wounded The Battle of Beledweyne began when Ahlu Sunna ...

****

2011 timeline of the Somali Civil War This is a 2011 timeline of events in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). January January 3, 2011 *3 TFG soldiers killed, 7 injured. TFG soldiers mutinied in Mogadishu near the presidential palace due to non-payment of wages. Witnesses sa ...

****

2012 timeline of the Somali Civil War This is a 2012 timeline of events in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). January January 7 * Kenyan military claims that it had killed 60 Al-Shabaab fighters with an air strike. A Kenyan army spokesperson also said that 20 Al-Sh ...

****

2013 timeline of the Somali Civil War Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number), the natural number following 12 and preceding 14 * One of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, 2013 Music * 13AD (band), an Indian classic and hard rock band Albums * ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * ...

**** 2014 timeline of the Somali Civil War **** 2015 timeline of the Somali Civil War ****

2016 timeline of the Somali Civil War This is a 2016 timeline of events in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). January *January 1 – Gunmen open fire at a mosque near Mogadishu, killing 1 person and injuring 4 others including a Turkish aid worker. No one has claimed responsib ...

**** 2017 timeline of the Somali Civil War **** 2018 timeline of the Somali Civil War *** Somalia War (2006–2009) *** Somali Civil War (2009–present) *

Political history of Somalia The Political history of Somalia covers the development of the Somali government and institutional systems following the collapse of the Siad Barre regime in 1991. Islamic Courts Union Following the fall of the Siad Barre regime in 1991, the ...

Culture of Somalia

Culture of Somalia * Architecture of Somalia *

Cuisine of Somalia Somali cuisine is the traditional cuisine of Somalis from the Horn of Africa. Somali cuisine does have moderate foreign influence from different countries mainly due to trade but traditionally also varies from region to region due to the expansiv ...

Languages of Somalia This page articulates the languages spoken in Somalia. The endoglossic language of Somalia has always been the Somali language, although throughout Somalia's history various exoglossic languages have also been effectuated at a national level. C ...

Media in Somalia Mass media in Somalia includes various radio, television, print and internet outlets. The federal government operates two official radio and TV networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is ...

* National symbols of Somalia ** Coat of arms of Somalia ** Flag of Somalia ** National anthem of Somalia *

Public holidays in Somalia Public holidays in Somalia are based on two official calendar systems: the Gregorian calendar primarily, and the Islamic lunar calendar for religious holidays. See also * Public holidays in Djibouti References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Public Holida ...

Religion in Somalia The predominant religion in Somalia is Islam. State religion Islam Most residents of Somalia are Muslims, of which some sources state that Sunnism is the strand practised by 99% of the population, whereof in particular the Shafi'i school of ...

** Islam in Somalia **

Christianity in Somalia Christianity is a minority religion in Muslim-majority Somalia, with an estimated 1,000 practitioners in a population of over 10 million inhabitants. Although early Christian Orthodoxy was practised by ethnic Somalis prior to Islam, most modern-da ...

***

Roman Catholicism in Somalia The Catholic Church in Somalia is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. Overview There are very few Catholics in Somalia, with only about one hundred practitioners as of 2004. The whole of th ...

Art in Somalia

* Somali art *

Cinema of Somalia The cinema of Somalia refers to the film industry in Somalia. The earliest forms of public film display in the country were Italian newsreels of key events during the colonial period. In 1937 the film Sentinels of Bronze (awarded in the Venice F ...

Somaliwood Somaliwood is an informal name for the Somali film industry that has developed in Columbus, Ohio, where a large Somali diaspora exists. Following the model of Bollywood, the name is a portmanteau of the words "Somali" and "Cinema of the United Sta ...

Literature of Somalia Somali literature is the literature used by the ethnic Somalis of Somalia, Somaliland, Djibouti, Yemen, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Somali poetry Nation of Bards Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, So ...

* Music of Somalia

Sports in Somalia

Sports in Somalia *

Somalia national football team The Somalia national football team ( so, Kooxda Qaranka Soomaaliya, Arabic: الاتحاد الصومالي لكرة القدم), nicknamed the ''Ocean Stars'', represents Somalia in international football and is controlled by the Somali Footbal ...

Somalia national beach soccer team The Somalia national beach soccer team represents Somalia in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the SFF, the governing body for professional football in Somalia. Current squad ''Correct as of July 2009'' { ...

* Somalia League *

Somalia Cup The Somalia Cup is the top knockout football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most ...

* Somali Football Federation *

Somalia national basketball team The Somalia national basketball team is the national basketball team of Somalia. It is a member of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) and is governed by the ''Somali Basketball Federation''. Administration As of April 2014, Nur Moha ...

Somalia at the Olympics Somalia first participated at the Olympic Games at the 1972 Summer Games in Munich, West Germany; the Somali Olympic Committee being recognised by the International Olympic Committee shortly prior. The nation has sent athletes to compete in most ...

Economy and infrastructure of Somalia

Economy of Somalia * Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 153rd (one hundred and fifty third) *

Agriculture in Somalia Agriculture in Somalia ( so, Beeraha Soomaaliya) is a major employment activity and is the largest economic sector in the country. It contributes more than 65% to the national GDP from domestic distribution and exports to other parts of the contin ...

* Banking in Somalia ** Central Bank of Somalia *

Communications in Somalia Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the te ...

** Internet in Somalia * Companies of Somalia * Currency of Somalia:

Shilling The shilling is a historical coin, and the name of a unit of modern currencies formerly used in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, other British Commonwealth countries and Ireland, where they were generally equivalent to 12 pence o ...

ISO 4217 ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual cu ...

SOS is a Morse code distress signal (), used internationally, that was originally established for maritime use. In formal notation is written with an overscore line, to indicate that the Morse code equivalents for the individual letters of "SOS" ...

Energy in Somalia Somalia is classified by the United Nations as a least developed country, with the majority of its population being dependent on agriculture and livestock for their livelihood. The economy of Somalia is $49.918 billion by gross domestic product ...

Health care in Somalia Healthcare in Somalia is largely in the private sector. It is regulated by the Ministry of Health (Somalia), Ministry of Health of the Federal Government of Somalia. In March 2013, the central authorities launched the Health Sector Strategic Plans ...

* Mining in Somalia *

Somalia Stock Exchange The Somali Stock Exchange (SSE), also known as the Somalia Stock Exchange, is the national bourse of Somalia founded by SEF. Overview The Somali Stock Exchange (SSE) was founded by the management of the Somali Economic Forum (SEF), whose princ ...

Tourism in Somalia Tourism in Somalia is regulated by the Federal Government of Somalia's Ministry of Tourism. The industry was traditionally noted for its numerous historical sites, beaches, waterfalls, mountain ranges and national parks. After the start of the civi ...

Transport in Somalia Transport in Somalia refers to the transportation networks and modes of transport in effect in Somalia. They include highways, airports and seaports, in addition to various forms of public and private vehicular, maritime and aerial transportation ...

** Airports in Somalia **

Rail transport in Somalia Railway transport in Somalia consisted of the erstwhile Mogadishu–Villabruzzi Railway and secondary tracks. The system was built during the 1910s by the authorities in Italian Somaliland. Its track gauge was , a gauge favoured by the Italians in ...

Education in Somalia

Education in Somalia Education in Somalia refers to the academic system within Somalia. The Ministry of Education is officially responsible for education in Somalia, with about 15% of the nation's budget allocated to scholastic instruction. The breakaway republic of ...

National Library of Somalia The National Library of Somalia is a national library in Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. History The National Library was established in 1975, and was open to the general public. In 1983, it held approximately 7,000 books, with limited histor ...

* Universities in Somalia

References

External links

Turbulent Waters in a Maritime Black Hole
The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies May 2008
Condemn US-Ethiopian aggression against Somalia
Lalkar January 2007
Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned
by Kenneth Allard (CCRP, 1995)

by Michael van Notten (Amsterdam, 2000)

by Michael Johns, The Heritage Foundation, December 26, 1989.
Changed Arab attitudes to Somalia Conflict"Separation Anxiety"
article in The Walrus about post-traumatic stress disorder among Somali warriors
Between Kat and Katyushas
Elaborated Article on the Contemporary History of Somalia ; Government
Official Website of the Federal Government of Somalia
; Geography
Bissig Addo
; News;

nbsp;– Special Report about Somalia on France 24 International News Channel
"Somalia in crisis"
- collection of articles on the BBC
Somalia news headlines
Online NewsHour with Jim Lehrer
HRW claims US involved in secret detention of Somalis
Breaking Legal News 2007/04/01
IRIN Somalia
humanitarian news and analysis
U.S. Special Envoy Cites Widespread ‘Lack of Confidence’ in Somali Government
Council on Foreign Relations
ITN/CNN Report "War tears Somalia apart"
an up-to-date report on Mogadishu, October 10, 2007. ; Economy
Anarchy and Invention: How Does Somalia's Private Sector Cope without Government?Breaking Legal News 2007/04/01
; General information *
CBC Digital Archives - The Somalia AffairNews and Discussions
; Religion
Mustaqbalka Ummadda Somaaliyeed
{{DEFAULTSORT:Somalia 1 Somalia